To the question about diagnostics, prevention and therapy of pathology of the cervix

GYNECOLOGY ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 33-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
S O Dubrovina ◽  
O A Ardintseva ◽  
L V Krasilnikova ◽  
M V Varicheva ◽  
O A Afrikyan
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Inosine Pranobex ◽  
Stereochemical Structure ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Dna And Rna ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Dual Action

The review analyzes the latest American clinical guidelines on the effectiveness of cervical cancer screening programs, as well as references on the use of the immunomodulator isoprinosine for the treatment of patients infected with the human papilloma virus (HPV). The high prevalence of HPV and its role in the development of cervical cancer are shown. Isoprinosine belongs to immunomodulators with antiviral activity. It inhibits the replication of viral DNA and RNA by binding to cell ribosomes and changing their stereochemical structure. HPV infection, especially in the early stages, may be successfully cured till the complete elimination of the virus. Inosine Pranobex (Izoprinozin) having dual action and the most abundant evidence base, may be recognized as the optimal treatment option.

Human Papillomavirus Selected Properties and Related Cervical Cancer Prevention Issues

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (18) ◽  
pp. 2073-2086
Author(s):  
Saule Balmagambetova ◽  
Andrea Tinelli ◽  
Ospan A. Mynbaev ◽  
Arip Koyshybaev ◽  
Olzhas Urazayev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Cervical Cancer Prevention ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Screening Programs

High-risk human papillomavirus strains are widely known to be the causative agents responsible for cervical cancer development. Aggregated damage caused by papillomaviruses solely is estimated in at least 5% of all malignancies of the human body and 16% in cancers that affect the female genital area. Enhanced understanding of the complex issue on how the high extent of carcinogenicity is eventually formed due to the infection by the Papoviridae family would contribute to enhancing current prevention strategies not only towards cervical cancer, but also other HPV associated cancers. This review article is aimed at presenting the key points in two directions: the current cervical cancer prevention and related aspects of HPV behavior. Virtually all applied technologies related to HPV diagnostics and screening programs, such as HPV tests, colposcopy-based tests (VIA/VILI), conventional and liquid-based cytology, currently available are presented. Issues of availability, advantages, and drawbacks of the screening programs, as well as vaccination strategies, are also reviewed in the article based on the analyzed sources. The current point of view regarding HPV is discussed with emphasis on the most problematic aspect of the HPV family concerning the observed increasing number of highly carcinogenic types. Present trends in HPV infection diagnostics throughout the human fluids and tissues are also reported, including the latest novelties in this field, such as HPV assay/self-sample device combinations. Besides, a brief outline of the related prevention issues in Kazakhstan, the leading country of Central Asia, is presented. Kazakhstan, as one of the post-soviet middle-income countries, may serve as an example of the current situation in those terrains, concerning the implementation of globally accepted cervical cancer prevention strategies. Along with positive achievements, such as the development of a nationwide screening program, a range of drawbacks is also analyzed and discussed.

scholarly journals Role of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Cervical Cancer: From Preclinical to Clinical Data

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2089
Author(s):  
Simona Duranti ◽  
Antonella Pietragalla ◽  
Gennaro Daniele ◽  
Camilla Nero ◽  
Francesca Ciccarone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Immune Checkpoint ◽  
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Cervical Cancers ◽  
Relapsed Disease

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the recognized cause of almost all cervical cancers. Despite the reduction in incidence due to a wide use of screening programs and a specific vaccine, the prognosis of cervical cancer remains poor, especially for late-stage and relapsed disease. Considering the elevated rates of PD-L1 expression in up to 80% of cervical cancers, a strong rationale supports the use of immunotherapy to restore the immune response against tumor. The aim of this review is to analyze the possible role of immune checkpoint inhibitors in cervical cancer treatment, with a particular focus on the rationale and on the results of phase I and II clinical trials. An overview of ongoing phase III studies with possible future areas of development is also provided.

Human papillomavirus vaccination: evidence base for efficacy and safety

GYNECOLOGY ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-130
Author(s):  
Yuliya E. Dobrokhotova ◽  
Ekaterina I. Borovkova
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Human Papillomavirus Vaccination ◽  
Hpv Types ◽  
Further Development

The article provides a literature review on the prevention of cervical cancer by human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination. Currently, 3 vaccines are available: the 4-valent vaccine against HPV types 6, 11, 16 and 18, the 9-valent vaccine against HPV types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, 58 and the bivalent vaccine against HPV types 16 and 18. Vaccination provides protection for women and men against infection with HPV and further development of HPV-associated diseases. Following immunization, seroconversion develops in 93-100% of women and in 99-100% of men and is effective in preventing incident and persistent HPV infection as well as cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. HPV immunization is ineffective in treating an existing HPV infection, genital warts, or anogenital intraepithelial neoplasia. HPV vaccination status does not affect recommendations for cervical cancer screening.

Deregulation of miR-21 and miR-29a in Cervical Cancer Related to HPV Infection

MicroRNA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Zamani ◽  
Amir Sohrabi ◽  
Seyed Masoud Hosseini ◽  
Marjan Rahnamaye-Farzami ◽  
Abolfazl Akbari
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Invasive Cervical Cancer ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Micro Rna ◽  
Internal Reference ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Papilloma Virus

Background:Early diagnosis is an important factor to improve the survival of Invasive Cervical Cancer (ICC) patients. Molecular biomarkers such as micro RNA (miRNA) can be used in the early detection of ICC. The expression of miR-21 and miR-29a are deregulated in many types of human cancers.Objective:The aim of this study was to investigate the differences in miR-21 and miR-29a expression patterns in the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection and various grades of cervical cancer among Iranian women.Methods:Small RNAs were extracted from positive for HPV, cervical cancer and healthy samples from 43, 50 and 46 individuals, respectively. Expression levels of miR-21 and miR-29a were analyzed by SYBR Green real-time RT-PCR using specific primers, and 5s rRNA as the internal reference gene.Results:Results have shown a significant increase in miR-21 and decrease in miR-29 in cancerous samples in comparison with the control groups (P < 0.0001).Conclusion:This study illustrated that miR-21 and miR-29a could be operated as an oncogene and tumor-suppressor in cervical cancer progression. More studies are needed to demonstrate the role of miR-21 and miR-29a as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of cervical cancer in future investigations.

scholarly journals Associations among Serum Lipocalin-2 Concentration, Human Papilloma Virus, and Clinical Stage of Cervical Cancer

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnė Vitkauskaitė ◽  
Joana Celiešiūtė ◽  
Saulius Paškauskas ◽  
Erika Skrodenienė ◽  
Rūta Jolanta Nadišauskienė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papilloma Virus ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lipocalin 2 ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Tissue Biopsy ◽  
Hpv Types

Background and objective: Lipocalin 2 (LCN2) has an oncogenic role in promoting tumorigenesis through enhancing tumor cell proliferation and the metastatic potential. The aim of our study was to determine whether serum LCN2 could serve as a diagnostic marker of cervical cancer (CC) and to evaluate the correlation between its serum concentration, the clinical stage of the cancer and Human Papilloma Virus HPV infections in women. Materials and methods: A total of 33 women with histologically proven cervical cancer (CC), 9 women with high- grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (HSIL) and 48 healthy women (NILM) were involved in the study. A concentration of LCN2 was assayed with the Magnetic LuminexR Assay multiplex kit. An HPV genotyping kit was used for the detection and differentiation of 15 high-risk (HR) HPV types in the liquid-based cytology medium (LBCM) and the tissue biopsy. Results: The majority (84.8%) of the women were infected by HPV16 in the CC group, and there was no woman with HPV16 in the control group (P < 0.01). Several types of HR HPV were found more often in the LBCM compared to in the tissue biopsy (P = 0.044). HPV16 was more frequently detected in the tissue biopsy than the LBCM (P < 0.05). The LCN2 level was higher in HPV-positive than in HPV-negative women (P = 0.029). The LCN2 concentration was significantly higher in women with stage IV than those with stage I CC (P = 0.021). Conclusions: Many HR HPV types, together with HPV16/18, can colonize the vagina and cervix, but often HPV16 alone penetrates into the tissue and causes CC. The serum LCN2 concentration was found to be associated not only with HR HPV infection, irrespective of the degree of cervical intraepithelial changes, but also with advanced clinical CC stage. LCN2 could be used to identify patients with advanced disease, who require a more aggressive treatment.

Understanding the development of cervical cancer - Joint efforts to improve HPV and cervical cancer diagnosis

Impact ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (3) ◽  
pp. 58-59
Author(s):  
Kirvis Janneth Torres Poveda ◽  
Vicente Madrid-Marina
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Cervical Tissue ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Microbial Strains ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
Natural Microbiota

Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of death among women, with 99% of the cases linked to human papilloma virus (HPV) infection. The immune system, in conjunction with the natural microbiota that proliferates in cervical tissue, has a crucial role in eradicating the virus, and preventing the progression of malignant lesions. A failure in these controlling mechanisms may be at the root of cervical cancer (CC). Dr Kirvis Torres-Poveda and Dr Vicente Madrid-Marina are investigating the mechanisms in which these imbalances occur and pinpointing specific microbial strains that lead to the development of cervical cancer after HPV infection to determine the correlation between vaginal microbiomes, HPV, and cervical cancer

INHIBITORY ACTIVITY OF NATURAL ACTIVE COMPOUNDS AGAINST HUMAN PAPILLOMA VIRUS PSEUDOVIRUS AND NOVEL DOSAGE FORM FOR USE THEREWITH

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (03) ◽  
pp. 1350036
Author(s):  
Ming-Kuang Shih ◽  
Yu-Chou Chao ◽  
Ying-Chu Shih ◽  
Kuo-Kuei Huang
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Hela Cell ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Dosage Form ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Hela Cell Line ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Hpv 16 ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Screening Platform

Cervical cancer is a common cancer amongst women, accounting for 9% of female cancer death. There are certain risk factors for the development of cervical cancer, in which human papilloma virus (HPV) infection is believed to be a significant cause. This study aimed at evaluating the inhibitory activity of active compounds derived from Chinese herbs against HPV and the underlying mechanism. First, conventional screening platform which uses HeLa cell line in conjunction with MTT assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of these natural compounds. Then, a novel screening platform, in which the HeLa cells were infected by HPV 16 pseudoviruses expressing green fluorescent protein, was employed to screen for active compounds capable of inhibiting the HPV 16 pseudovirus infection. Two compounds, baicalein and gallic acid, was found to exhibit significant inhibitory activity against HPV 16 pseudovirus with IC50 values of 8.2 and 8.9 μg/ml, respectively. In addition, these two compounds showed insignificant cytotoxicity on HeLa cell line. Screening experiments using a novel dosage form consisting of a hydrophilic PU foam and aquagel indicated that the aquagel also inhibited the HPV 16 pseudovirus infection. In sum, the natural active compounds and novel dosage form proposed by the present study imply a potential treatment for vaginal administration to prevent HPV infection and the diseases it caused.

scholarly journals Women’s Knowledge of Cervical Cancer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aisha Nasser Al Saadi ◽  
Aisha Hamed Al Muqbali ◽  
Eihab Dawi
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papilloma Virus ◽  
Pap Test ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Human Papilloma Virus Vaccine ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Cervical Cancer Risk

Objectives: This study aimed to assess knowledge of cervical cancer and its prevention among Omani women aged 20 to 65 years. Method: This analytic cross-sectional study took place at primary healthcare institutions, in the Al Buraimi governorate, Oman, between November 2018 I believe that in response to comment #5 too much information may have been removed from the Results section, therefore we return the first two paragraphs that were removed to the Results section and make them more concise during the copy editing stage.  and February 2019. The study was carried out on the basis of a predesigned, validated, and self-administered 55 question questionnaire. Results: Data from seven hundred and ninety-one completed questionnaires were included in the final analysis, which represents a response rate of 79.1% of the total. The results of the study indicated that 86.7 percent of surveyed women had previously heard of cervical cancer, and 13.0 per cent assumed the possibility of this disease to affect them in the future. The results showed that women had low awareness of the association between Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) and cervical cancer (24.7%). Participants considered HPV infection and initiation of sexual intercourse at an age younger than 17 years as the lowest risks associated with cervical cancer. The results also indicated that 63.8% of women were unaware of a vaccination 'against HPV related cervical cancer' and many of respondents were unaware of Pap test. Women aged over 30 years, those married, and those with a high level of education were more likely to be aware of cervical cancer. Conclusion: General knowledge of cervical cancer among women aged 20 to 65 years is insufficient. Young women aged 20-30 are largely unaware. Thus, concerted efforts are needed to promote awareness among women in Oman. Keywords: Cervical cancer, risk factor, Human Papilloma Virus, vaccine, Pap test.

scholarly journals HPV infection: in need of timely intervention

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Ankit Chaudhary ◽  
Vijay K. Barwal ◽  
Shaina Chamotra ◽  
Anjali Mahajan
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Women Empowerment ◽  
Immunization Program ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Universal Immunization Program

<p class="abstract">Persistent infection with human papilloma virus (HPV) has been proved beyond doubt to be associated with the development of cervical cancer. One woman dies of cervical cancer every 8 minutes in India. As per estimations for the year 2018, about 96922 new cervical cancer cases are diagnosed annually in India and it ranks as the second most common female cancer in all age groups. But being an infectious cause it is possible to contain its development and transmission. Coupled with this, we have a potent vaccine to fight this infection. A well documented account of positive impact of HPV vaccination has been published in numerous studies around the globe. By 2013, its vaccination had been introduced in about fifty countries around the globe. In India also, recently, two HPV vaccination projects for operational feasibility were launched in Andhra Pradesh and Gujarat. In November 2016, Punjab became the first state in the country to include the vaccine in its universal immunization program. This era belongs to women empowerment and we cannot deny them the opportunity of good health. Hence it’s high time India introduces an effective HPV vaccination program.</p>

scholarly journals Clinical comparison of two human papillomavirus detection assays: GenoFlow and reverse line blot

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (01) ◽  
pp. 97-103
Author(s):  
Fatimah S Alhamlan ◽  
Hadeel H Khayat ◽  
Dalia A Obeid ◽  
Asma M Tulba ◽  
Teejan S Baduwais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Reverse Line Blot ◽  
Outpatient Clinics ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Hpv Genotypes ◽  
Hpv Types

Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is typically critical in the oncogenesis of cervical cancer. However, available HPV detection kits differ in their ability and sensitivity to detect various types of HPV, and this variability has led to inconsistencies in the reporting of the geographic prevalence of HPV types, especially in developing countries. Here, we compared results of the recently developed GenoFlow HPV array test, which detects 33 HPV genotypes, to those of the well-established reverse line blot (RLB) assay, which detects 23 HPV types. Methodology: In total, 608 cervical specimens with cytology results ranging from normal to cancer were collected using an endocervical brush from women attending outpatient clinics in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Results: Sixty-nine specimens (11%) were positive for HPV. HPV genotype detection using the GenoFlow test had a sensitivity of 62% and a specificity of 100%. Overall agreement between the two HPV genotyping methods was 97%, with a concordance rate of 95%. Among the GenoFlow test results, 2% indicated additional HPV types that were not detected in the RLB assay, whereas the GenoFlow test missed 0.3% of the HPV types that were detected by the RLB; however, both tests were in agreement in detecting all major HPV types. Conclusion: The GenoFlow test was reliable, with results comparable to the RLB test. However, because the GenoFlow test is less labor-intensive and takes less total time (3 hours), it is a promising, affordable alternative to the RLB for HPV diagnosis and screening programs.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document