Vitamin-mineral complexes as a protector of obstetric and perinatal complications (review of literature)

GYNECOLOGY ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 44-50
Author(s):  
Tatyana Yu Pestrikova ◽  
Elena A Yurasova
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
World Health ◽  
Perinatal Complications ◽  
Aim Analysis ◽  
Gestational Period ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
The World

Relevance. Despite the achievements of modern medicine, the problem of reducing complications of the gestational period and perinatal outcomes still does not lose its relevance. Lack of security and/or unbalanced consumption of vital micronutrients are factors of constant negative impact on health, growth, development and formation of organs and systemogenesis in all age periods. Unbalanced nutrition, in particular vitamin deficiency conditions, is considered by the World Health Organization as a problem of starvation, which has a direct impact on the incidence and mortality of the population. Aim. Analysis of literary sources to identify the effect of vitamin-mineral complexes on pregnancy and perinatal outcomes. Materials and methods. To write this review, we searched for domestic and foreign publications in Russian and international search engines (PubMed, eLibrary, etc.) over the past 30 years. The review included articles from peer-reviewed literature. Results. The review addresses balanced nutrition for pregnant women who receive close attention throughout the world. The optimal provision of vitamins and minerals for women during the gestational period, when the need for essential micronutrients is significantly increased, is a prerequisite for the physiological course of pregnancy and the full development of the fetus. This is especially important in the conditions of the northern and equivalent territories. The need for vitamins in women during pregnancy and lactation increases by 1.5 times, due to the intensive work of the endocrine system of women, the transfer of some nutrients to the fetus. Deficiency of certain vitamins is a risk factor for the development of birth defects, premature birth, and the birth of children with low body weight. Conclusions. The domestic combined vitamin-mineral preparation with micro and macro elements was created specifically taking into account the changing needs of the woman’s body for vitamins and minerals at different stages of pregnancy. Compatibility of components in 1 tablet is provided by special production technology.

Vitamin-mineral complexes as a protector of obstetric and perinatal complications (review of literature)

GYNECOLOGY ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
Tatyana Yu Pestrikova ◽  
Elena A Yurasova
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
World Health ◽  
Perinatal Complications ◽  
Aim Analysis ◽  
Gestational Period ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
The World

Relevance. Despite the achievements of modern medicine, the problem of reducing complications of the gestational period and perinatal outcomes still does not lose its relevance. Lack of security and/or unbalanced consumption of vital micronutrients are factors of constant negative impact on health, growth, development and formation of organs and systemogenesis in all age periods. Unbalanced nutrition, in particular vitamin deficiency conditions, is considered by the World Health Organization as a problem of starvation, which has a direct impact on the incidence and mortality of the population. Aim. Analysis of literary sources to identify the effect of vitamin-mineral complexes on pregnancy and perinatal outcomes. Materials and methods. To write this review, we searched for domestic and foreign publications in Russian and international search engines (PubMed, eLibrary, etc.) over the past 30 years. The review included articles from peer-reviewed literature. Results. The review addresses balanced nutrition for pregnant women who receive close attention throughout the world. The optimal provision of vitamins and minerals for women during the gestational period, when the need for essential micronutrients is significantly increased, is a prerequisite for the physiological course of pregnancy and the full development of the fetus. This is especially important in the conditions of the northern and equivalent territories. The need for vitamins in women during pregnancy and lactation increases by 1.5 times, due to the intensive work of the endocrine system of women, the transfer of some nutrients to the fetus. Deficiency of certain vitamins is a risk factor for the development of birth defects, premature birth, and the birth of children with low body weight. Conclusions. The domestic combined vitamin-mineral preparation with micro and macro elements was created specifically taking into account the changing needs of the woman’s body for vitamins and minerals at different stages of pregnancy. Compatibility of components in 1 tablet is provided by special production technology.

Coronavirus diseases and pregnancy: COVID-19,SARS, and MERS

2020 ◽  
pp. 276-289
Author(s):  
Mobina Fathi ◽  
Kimia Vakili ◽  
Niloofar Deravi
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Retardation ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
World Health ◽  
Wuhan City ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Exponential Increase ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Respiratory Droplets

Around the end of December 2019, a new beta-coronavirus from Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China began to spread rapidly. The new virus, called SARS-CoV-2, which could be transmitted through respiratory droplets, had a range of mild to severe symptoms, from simple cold in some cases to death in others. The disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 was named COVID-19 by WHO and has so far killed more people than SARS and MERS. Following the widespread global outbreak of COVID-19, with more than 132758 confirmed cases and 4955 deaths worldwide, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a pandemic disease in January 2020. Earlier studies on viral pneumonia epidemics has shown that pregnant women are at greater risk than others. During pregnancy, the pregnant woman is more prone to infectious diseases. Research on both SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, which are pathologically similar to SARS-CoV-2, has shown that being infected with these viruses during pregnancy increases the risk of maternal death, stillbirth, intrauterine growth retardation and, preterm delivery. With the exponential increase in cases of COVID-19 throughout the world, there is a need to understand the effects of SARS-CoV-2 on the health of pregnant women, through extrapolation of earlier studies that have been conducted on pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV. There is an urgent need to understand the chance of vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from mother to fetus and the possibility of the virus crossing the placental barrier. Additionally, since some viral diseases and antiviral drugs may have a negative impact on the mother and fetus, in which case, pregnant women need special attention for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of COVID-19.

Fetomaternal Outcome of Pregnancy with COVID-19: An Observational Study in Tertiary Care Hospitals of Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1903-1906
Author(s):  
Nabila Khan ◽  
Zahra Wasim ◽  
Aesha Sadaf Rizwan ◽  
Afshan Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Tahir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Heart Defects ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
World Health ◽  
Observational Research ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The World

Background: The new corona virus first appeared in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and has since spread around the world to other countries. The World Health Organization believes that this new CoV-19 epidemic is a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) on January 30, 2020Worldwide.The mortality rate of this viral infection ranges from 2% in Pakistan to 14.4% in Italy. Lympopenia, elevated transminase, proteinuria, increased LDH, and C-reactive protein levels are all common laboratory findings in the early stages of the disease. Covid patients have experienced a variety of complications, including extreme pneumonia, ARDS, heart defects, sepsis and septic shock, and respiratory tract super infection. Methodology: This retrospective observational research study was carried out at the Gynecology Unit of MardanMedical Complex, Mardan and Combined Military Hospital, Risalpur for 06 months duration from April 2020 to September 2020. In a pre-constructed data collection form, biochemical and radiological parameters of medical history, test results, symptoms, pregnancy, and neonatal outcomes were noted. Patients treated in an outpatient setting were not included in the study. Results: There were 121 patients in total, with mean age of 27 having standard deviation ± 5, having range 19-40 years. 48.3% pregnant women reported their first pregnancy(primigravida). 51.3% of SARS-Cov-2 were in their 3rd trimester while 34.7% were in their 35-40 weeks of gestational age. Common complications are gestational hypertension (PIH) (16 cases), hypothyroidism (14 cases) and gestational diabetes (GDM) 9 cases. More than half (53%) of patients are asymptomatic. Common symptoms are cough (22%) and fever (11%). The incidence of multiple organ failure was 2% as shown in table 01. Lymphopenia was common (84%). A CT scan of 24 patients showed bilateral invasion. Conclusion: COVID-19 has a negative impact on the foetus, according to our results. Although pregnant women do not seem to be more vulnerable to COVID-19 complications than non-pregnant adults, previous research has suggested that pregnant women could be at higher risk for negative pregnancy outcomes such as preterm birth, foetal pain and respiration, symptoms, and LBW in a newborn baby. Keywords: Corona virus, COVID-19, Pregnancy, Outcome.

scholarly journals Delivery planning: a contamporary approach to breech presentation in obstetrics

2018 ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
O.M. Kalanzhova ◽  
◽  
S.R. Galych ◽  
R.P. Nіkіtenko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Breech Presentation ◽  
Birth Trauma ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Perinatal Complications ◽  
Ischemic Brain ◽  
Cesarean Deliveries ◽  
The World ◽  
Delivery Planning

The world data on stable perinatal losses in breech presentation and a significant increase in the number of cesarean deliveries (70–80%) have led to a search for fundamentally new approaches to breech deliveries. The objective: the aim of the research is to evaluate the effectiveness and the validity of individual delivery planning for breech presentations. Materials and methods. Pregnant patients were divided into two groups: 1) the main group (MG) (n=36) which included women with planned conservative deliveries for breech presentations; 2) the control group (CG) (n=33) which included women with planned cesarean deliveries for breech presentations. Results. Pregnancy completion in the majority of patients from both groups occurred in the planned way: MG – 27 (75%), CG – 29 (87.8%). The MG patients gave birth in the all-fours position – 11 (40.7%) and with the help of the Tsoyanov method – 16 (53.9%). There were 9 (25%) cases of cesarean deliveries in the CG which were mainly classified as the 1st urgency category – 5 (55.5%). The need for urgent cesarean section in the CG occurred in half as many cases – 4 (12.2%) and most cases – 3 (75%) – had the 3rd urgency category. Perinatal complications were more common among the children from the CG who had received manual help at birth: birth trauma – 8 (22.2%), asphyxia – 3 (8.3%), aspiration – 2 (5.55%), hypoxic-ischemic brain damage – 3 (8.3%). Conclusion. The presented data indicate the lack of highly professional skills which require thorough execution and improvement of obstetrical manipulations by obstetricians and gynecologists. Key words: breech position, conservative delivery, cesarean section, perinatal outcomes.

Teacher Preparation for Physical Education in an Increasingly Sedentary World in Singapore

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Chia ◽  
Koh Koon Teck
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Education ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Young People ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Holistic Health ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
World Health ◽  
Tight Coupling ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject

The Second World-Wide Survey of Physical Education in schools, published under the auspices of the International Council of Sport Science and Physical Education, identifies large gaps between the promise of positive outcomes of physical education and actual outcomes. The mismatch between the policy and practice of physical education stems from deep-seated disagreements about what the goals of physical education should be; the multifaceted nature of the subject; and a lack of competence, confidence, and accountability among the teachers who are responsible for teaching physical education in schools, among other things. According to the World Health Organization, the physical and holistic health of young people and adults is threatened by increases in obesity, diabetes, heart disease, and certain cancers—in part due to increased sedentary modern lifestyles and insufficient exercise. Physical education has the potential to ameliorate the negative impact of sedentary lifestyles and exercise insufficiency. Teacher-education programs for physical education the world over advertise that teachers of the subject help young people acquire a love for physical activity and the skills to practice and enjoy sports; they also teach life skills, including teamwork, sportsmanship, problem-solving, and creativity, and help students develop the habits of a healthy lifestyle. How programs prepare physical-education teachers to deliver on these promises varies considerably. According to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Singapore has one of the best-performing teacher-education systems in the world. It is run by the National Institute of Education in Singapore. The tight coupling of theory and practice and the tripartite relationship between the policymakers at the Ministry of Education; the National Institute of Education, where teacher training occurs; and the schools, where physical education is experienced, are the key determinants of a quality physical-education experience among children and adolescents in Singapore.

scholarly journals Impact of Covid-19 on Stock Market in Sub-Saharan Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-70
Author(s):  
Saifullahi Adam Bayero ◽  
Babangida Danladi Safiyanu ◽  
Zaitun Sanusi Bakabe
Keyword(s):  
Stock Markets ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Selection Criterion ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
World Health ◽  
African Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Impact

Corona virus disease (COVID-19) which was declared by the World Health Organization as a global pandemic caused serious economic problem to all the countries including Sub-Saharan Africa. Given the negative impact of COVID19 on the world economy, this paper examined the impact of COVID19 related cases and death on stock exchange markets volatility in Sub-Saharan African countries. The study used the number of reported cases and death from four Sub-Saharan African countries viz Nigeria, South Africa, Kenya, and Botswana, reported cases and death from China and U.S. and all share index as a proxy of stock markets in four countries from 28 February 2020 to 21 December 2020. The study estimated GARCH 11, TGARCH 11, and EGARCH 11 since the variables are heteroskadestic in nature which makes the application of ARCH lausible; the selection criterion was based on Akaike, Schwarz, and Hannan info Criteria. The result shows that COVID19 confirmed cases and death do not affect the operation of the stock markets in Sub-Saharan African countries, but the volatility of the markets has increased within the period of analysis. Furthermore, Botswana and Kenya stock markets were affected by external cases from China. We therefore recommended that stock markets stakeholders in Sub-Saharan Africa should be more concern about health safety measures and be ready for any future pandemic that might affect the markets.

Impact of COVID-19 on Mental Dimension of Health: A Sensitive Issue to be Addressed at the Earliest

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 158-166
Author(s):  
Sunil Nepal ◽  
Sudip Nepal ◽  
Chakrakodi S. Shastry ◽  
Sharad Chand ◽  
U.P. Nandakumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Global Mental Health ◽  
High Stress ◽  
World Health ◽  
Frontline Workers ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

Background: The novel coronavirus disease outbreak of 2019 was declared as a public health emergency by the World Health Organization. At present, the virus has spread throughout the world, leading to millions of cases and is further increasing. Objective: The main objective of this study is to review the impact of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) on the mental health of frontline workers, isolated and quarantined people and the general population. Methods: The relevant articles were extracted from PubMed, Web of Science and ScienceDirect database by using the keywords “Mental health”, “COVID-19”, “Impact of COVID-19”, “Frontline workers”, “Quarantine”, “Isolation”, “Immunity” and “Economy”. The retrieved articles were included in the study based on inclusion criteria to perform the review. All the selected scientific articles were critically reviewed and the information is summarized in this narrative review. Results: The majority of the studies stated that frontline health workers were at an increased risk of depression. The infected, suspects and quarantined people were reported with high stress, posttraumatic stress disorder, and suicidal thoughts. The pandemic has devastated the world’s economy, which has severely impacted global mental health. Conclusion: Mental health should be taken into account, and necessary interventional initiatives need to be considered both by the health authorities and the government to minimize the adversity of the consequences. The pandemic may disappear with the discovery of new vaccines or medications, but its negative impact on mental health may persist, particularly among vulnerable populations. Thus, mental health must be a matter of concern in the present scenario.

Disease of the endocrine system. Diabetes

2020 ◽  
Vol 02 (03) ◽  
pp. 21-24
Author(s):  
Gulara Rufat Sadikhova ◽  
◽  
Sayali Yolchu gizi Ibrahimova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Common Knowledge ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
The Body ◽  
World Health ◽  
Key Words Diabetes ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Relative Deficiency

It is common knowledge that the Diabetes is a widespread disease of the endocrine system. To outline the main points, it is worth too say that Diabetes is a chronic disease associated with an absolute or relative deficiency of the hormone insulin, wherein the insulin secreted by the pancreas and cleaves the glucose in the blood. Diabetes affects many organ systems of the body so that the most severe complication of the disease is coma. Therefore, in the treatment of the disease, sugar-reducing drugs and mandatory diet are used. It comes as no surprise that almost 422 mln of the world's population suffer from Diabetes, as it is stipulates by the World Health Organization statistics. Key words: Diabetes, hormone insulin, diet, coma

scholarly journals Guidance for the Evaluation of Tuberculosis Diagnostics That Meet the World Health Organization (WHO) Target Product Profiles: An Introduction to WHO Process and Study Design Principles

2019 ◽  
Vol 220 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. S91-S98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia M Denkinger ◽  
Samuel G Schumacher ◽  
Christopher Gilpin ◽  
Alexei Korobitsyn ◽  
William A Wells ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Review Process ◽  
World Health ◽  
Index Test ◽  
Target Product ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Evidence Generation

Abstract Existing high-priority target product profiles (TPPs) of the World Health Organization (WHO) establish important needs for tuberculosis (TB) diagnostic development. Building on this earlier work, this guidance series aims to provide study guidance for performing accuracy studies of novel diagnostic products that may meet the 4 high-priority WHO TPPs and thus enable adequate evidence generation to inform a WHO evidence review process. Diagnostic accuracy studies represent a fundamental step in the validation of all tests. Unfortunately, such studies often have limitations in design, execution, and reporting, leading to low certainty of the evidence about true test performance, which can delay or impede policy and scale-up decisions. This introductory paper outlines the following: (1) the purpose of this series of papers on study guidance; (2) WHO evidence needs and process for the development of policy guidelines for new TB diagnostic tests; and (3) study design considerations, ie, general diagnostic study considerations, intended use of test and role in the clinical pathway, choice of population and setting, index-test specific issues, suitable reference standard and comparators, study flow and specimen issues, and finally key issues beyond accuracy that should be considered. The other 4 papers in this series will provide more detailed guidance for each of the 4 WHO high-priority TPPs. By increasing the clarity around the clinical evaluation needs for tests that have the potential to meet the TPP specifications, we hope to support harmonized evidence generation and enable the WHO review process towards meeting the WHO End TB Strategy targets for reducing the incidence and mortality associated with TB.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document