scholarly journals Cognitive dysfunction in diabetes is associated with glycemic control in an urban Indian population: A prevalence study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 347-357
Author(s):  
Aman Gupta ◽  
Abhishek Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Indian Population ◽  
T Test ◽  
Pilot Phase ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Type 2 Diabetics ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Urban Indian ◽  
Pearson's Correlation ◽  
Ct Brain

We evaluated the correlation between HbA1C and Cognitive derangement of type 2 Diabetics in the current prevalence study.HbA1C as a Biomarker to predict Cognitive Derangement in Type 2 Diabetic Subjects based on the correlation findings in a prevalence study in urban Indian population. We further investigated the role of poor Diabetes control versus hypoglycemia episodes as independent predictors of cognitive derangement  in 240 type 2 Diabetics.In pilot phase ,comparison between Diabetics(n=30)and non-Diabetic subjects(n=30)for Cognitive derangement  using cognitive batteries: GPCOG, AI tool  and MIS was done. PET CT brain findings of  one of Diabetic subjects were also observed. Further study was conducted on 240 diabetic subjects using batteries validated in the pilot phase. Pilot study provided statistically significant results of correlation between HbA1C levels versus GPCOG Score, Pearson's Correlation r1= -0.448*, for AI Score Pearson’s Correlation r2= -0.196*and for MIS score Pearson’s Correlation r3= -0.472*. The prevalence ratio for both groups was calculated as 5.8125, which implies Diabetics had > 5 fold risk of deranged cognition as compared to the non-Diabetic group. Using independent T-test, mean GPCOG score in the Hypoglycemia group(n=162) and without hypoglycemia group(n=78) were found to be 3.02  and 4.63  respectively. Similarly, based on the independent T-test, the mean AI score in the Hypoglycemia group(n=162) and without hypoglycemia group(n=78) were found to be  2.068 and 2.564, respectively. PET CT brain findings were suggestive of reduced FDG uptake indicating Alzheimer’s type of cognitive derangement.HbA1C can be linked to poor cognitive derangement in case of poor diabetes control. Hence HbA1C can be a useful biomarker to predict cognitive derangement in type 2 Diabetics.*Significance level <0.01, Negative correlations are indicative of lower the values of battery scores higher would be cognitive derangement.

scholarly journals Evaluation of an Innovative Digital Assessment Tool in Dental Anatomy

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 366-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matt T Lam ◽  
So Ran Kwon ◽  
Fang Qian ◽  
Gerald E Denehy
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
T Test ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Digital Assessment ◽  
Dental Anatomy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pearson's Correlation ◽  
One Way Anova

ABSTRACT Aim The E4D Compare software is an innovative tool that provides immediate feedback to students’ projects and competencies. It should provide consistent scores even when different scanners are used which may have inherent subtle differences in calibration. This study aimed to evaluate potential discrepancies in evaluation using the E4D Compare software based on four different NEVO scanners in dental anatomy projects. Additionally, correlation between digital and visual scores was evaluated. Materials and methods Thirty-five projects of maxillary left central incisors were evaluated. Among these, thirty wax-ups were performed by four operators and five consisted of standard dentoform teeth. Five scores were obtained for each project: one from an instructor that visually graded the project and from four different NEVO scanners. A faculty involved in teaching the dental anatomy course blindly scored the 35 projects. One operator scanned all projects to four NEVO scanners (D4D Technologies, Richardson, TX, USA). The images were aligned to the gold standard, and tolerance set at 0.3 mm to generate a score. The score reflected percentage match between the project and the gold standard. One-way ANOVA with repeated measures was used to determine whether there was a significant difference in scores among the four NEVO scanners. Paired-sample t-test was used to detect any difference between visual scores and the average scores of the four NEVO scanners. Pearson's correlation test was used to assess the relationship between visual and average scores of NEVO scanners. Results There was no significant difference in mean scores among four different NEVO scanners [F(3, 102) = 2.27, p = 0.0852 one-way ANOVA with repeated measures]. Moreover, the data provided strong evidence that a significant difference existed between visual and digital scores (p = 0.0217; a pairedsample t-test). Mean visual scores were significantly lower than digital scores (72.4 vs 75.1). Pearson's correlation coefficient of 0.85 indicated a strong correlation between visual and digital scores (p < 0.0001). Conclusion The E4D Compare software provides consistent scores even when different scanners are used and correlates well with visual scores. Clinical significance The use of innovative digital assessment tools in dental education is promising with the E4D Compare software correlating well with visual scores and providing consistent scores even when different scanners are used. How to cite this article Lam MT, Kwon SR, Qian F, Denehy GE. Evaluation of an Innovative Digital Assessment Tool in Dental Anatomy. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(5):366-371.

scholarly journals Sensitivity and validity of a functional test for agility performance in water polo players

Kinesiology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-131
Author(s):  
Guilherme Tucher ◽  
Flávio A. de S. Castro ◽  
António J.R.M. da Silva ◽  
Nuno D. Garrido
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
T Test ◽  
Functional Test ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Water Polo ◽  
Performance Differences ◽  
Pearson's Correlation ◽  
Paired T Test

The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity and validity of the Functional Test for Agility Performance (FTAP) in water polo players. Six elite junior (aged 16.33±0.82 years) male players and 65 competitive men (aged 18.1±4.3 years) who were classified in three groups (G1-3), participated in different phases of the test. The scores accomplished in FTAP at two periods (initial and final) were compared. They were correlated with the scores in Sprint/Agility Test and differences between standards of competition (G1-3) were assessed. Performance differences were assessed using the paired t-test and Pearson’s correlation was used to determine the association with agility time in the Speed/Agility Test. Differences between standards of competition were assessed using ANOVA. The final Functional Test for Agility Performance was performed in fewer seconds compared to initial (p=.002, r=.94). No significant correlation was found between Functional Test for Agility Performance and Speed/Agility Test (r=.42, p=.40), as expected and evidencing the discriminant validity. Differences were found between G1 and G3 (p&lt;.001) and G2 and G3 (p=.008). The Functional Test for Agility Performance showed adequate sensitivity and validity, and thus is a decision-making test that can be used to assess training and expertise.

scholarly journals Cost of Type 2 Diabetes in Urban Indian Population

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. A670
Author(s):  
A Ramachandran ◽  
J Schwarzbard ◽  
PK Atanasov ◽  
S Topiwala ◽  
P Leguet-Dinville ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Urban Indian

scholarly journals A STUDY OF CORRELATION BETWEEN STATURE AND ARM SPAN OF NORTH INDIAN POPULATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberton Gautam ◽  
Vasundhara Kulshreshtha ◽  
Pradeep Singh ◽  
Anshu Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
North India ◽  
P Value ◽  
North Indian Population ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Arm Span ◽  
Pearson's Correlation ◽  
Pearson's Correlation Coefficient

Introduction: Age, sex and stature are primary characteristics for identification of an individual. Stature has a definite and proportional biological relationship with each and every part of human body i.e. head, neck, trunk and extremities. Material & Methods: The present study comprised of 300 medical students belonging to North India of age group between 18 yrs. to 25 yrs. of S.N. Medical College, Agra. The two anthropometric parameters, arm span and stature were used to calculate mean, standard deviation and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Results: The Pearson’s correlation coefficient was found to be 0.9171 and p value was calculated to be <0.00001 thus, showing a significant positive correlation between the stature and arm span for the North Indian population. Conclusion: The correlation between arm span and the stature in adult males and females, was found to be an accurate predictor of stature. Thus it becomes an important anthropologic tool for the scientists in limb reconstruction surgeries. In mass disasters like train accidents, earthquakes, etc. and where the subject is in highly decomposed, fragmentary and mutilated form, it can be helpful in determining the identity of an individual.

scholarly journals Comparison of Fatal Recreational Drug Overdoses between Celebrities and Non-Celebrities

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Zara Ahmad ◽  
Jiin Kim ◽  
Aleksandra Udovica ◽  
Renna Lee
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
General Population ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
T Test ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Recreational Drug ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Drug Overdoses ◽  
Pearson's Correlation

Previous studies have examined drug overdoses among celebrities, but not in comparison to the general population. This study’s goal was to analyze whether celebrities have higher fatal overdose rates from recreational drug use than the non-celebrity population. It is often presumed that celebrities engage in more drug use to cope with their stressful and taxing lifestyles. To test this claim, we gathered a list of American celebrities that fatally overdosed on drugs from 1999 to 2017 (inclusive), as well as the number of overdoses in the general American population during this time frame. Certain drugs of interest were kept and less commonly occurring drugs that resulted in overdose were excluded, leaving us with opioids, heroin, cocaine, benzodiazepines, psychostimulants, and antidepressants. Descriptive statistics of both populations including gender and specific professions of celebrities were collected. Then, an independent samples t-test was used to discover if there was a significant difference between fatal overdoses for the celebrity versus non-celebrity population in general and for each drug listed previously from the years 1999 to 2017. Pearson’s correlation analysis was used to find if there was a difference in the yearly trend of overdoses for celebrities versus non-celebrities during the same time range. Descriptive statistics demonstrated that males comprised 62.9% of fatal overdoses for non-celebrities and 73.5% for celebrities, and musicians (24.3%), athletes (23.6%), and actors (17.6%) tend to overdose the most in terms of celebrity professions. In addition, the results from the t-test showed that non-celebrities had not fatally overdosed at significantly different rates than celebrities from 1999 to 2017. as well as overdosed at no significantly different rate for each individual drug than celebrities during this time frame. However, the exceptions were any opioids and benzodiazepines, for which the former group overdosed at a significantly higher rate. Pearson’s correlation analysis yielded an insignificant negative correlation between fatal overdoses and years passed between 1999 to 2017 for celebrities, and a significant positive correlation between fatal overdoses and years passed for non-celebrities. The judgmental heuristics may make us believe that more celebrities fatally overdose than non-celebrities, and that this presumption could potentially be problematic because celebrities have a massive influence on society, which could lead the general population to engage in these self-destructive behaviours themselves.

scholarly journals Burden of hypothyroidism amongst type 2 diabetics and hypertensives in Lucknow: A cross sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 643-646
Author(s):  
Saurabh Kashyap ◽  
Mohammad Suhail Khan ◽  
Anas Ahmad Khan ◽  
M Z Idris ◽  
Ausaf Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indian Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Training Centre ◽  
Type 2 Diabetics ◽  
Field Practice ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Developed World

Background: The prevalence of hypothyroidism is reported in 4%–5% of population in the developed world, while in Indian population it is reported in around one in ten adults. Aims & Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of hypothyroidism in Indian patients with T2DM and hypertension. Material and methods: In this cross-sectional observational study, amongst adults who were aged 18 years and above and diagnosed T2DM, HTN, and T2DM + HTN who resided in the field practice areas of the Urban Health Training Centre of the Department of Community Medicine, Integral institute of medical sciences and research, Lucknow, India. The results were summarized by descriptive statistics. Results: Out of 300 persons questioned, 159 (53.0%) were females and 141 (47.0%) were males. It was found that the mean age of the overall population was 53.1±11.3 years, mean and standard deviation of thyroid function and glycemic indicators test, observed that the levels of fT3, fT4, TSH, and glycemic indicators like FPG, PPG and HbA1c were identical. Conclusion: Subclinical hypothyroid subjects should be regularly screened for HTN. Elderly patients had higher proportion of thyroid dysfunction.

scholarly journals ESTIMATION OF FEMALE BODY FAT PERCENTAGE BASED ON BODY CIRCUMFERENCES

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Carla Chierighini Salamunes ◽  
Adriana Maria Wan Stadnik ◽  
Eduardo Borba Neves
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
T Test ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Pearson's Correlation ◽  
Body Circumferences ◽  
Paired T Test

ABSTRACT Introduction: The increase in the prevalence of obesity entails the need for accurate low-cost methods to estimate body fat percentage (BF%). Objective: The aim of this study was to develop mathematical models to estimate the BF% of young women from southern Brazil using inexpensive equipment, based on body circumferences (BC), considering the shortage of specific studies of this population. Methods: Subjects were women (n=130) aged 18 to 35 years (26.06±4.41 years), from the city of Curitiba. Body mass and stature were measured and used to estimate body mass index (BMI), while BC measurements of the arm, forearm, waist (narrowest point and umbilicus), abdomen, hip, thigh and leg were taken for use in the mathematical models. Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) equipment recorded the BF%. Pearson’s correlation was used for anthropometric variables and age in association with BF%. The indicators with best correlations were used to estimate linear regression mathematical models for prediction of BF%. The results of the two models and of nine anthropometric equations were compared to those obtained with the DXA using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and paired t-test. Results: Age was not significantly correlated with BF% (r=0.113 and p=0.200). The BCs with the highest correlations with BF% were abdomen, hip and waist - umbilicus (r=0.697, 0.682, 0.660, respectively, and p<0.001). Eight equations showed positive correlation with BF%, but only the results obtained with the models estimated in this study did not differ from those of DXA, with paired t-test. Mathematical models were developed with three (r=0.744, r²=0.554; t=0.16 and p=0.869) and six (r=0.768, r²=0.591; t=-0.04 and p=0.967) anthropometric variables. Conclusion: The use of mathematical models developed for estimating BF% based on body circumference and body mass is considered feasible. Level of Evidence II; Diagnostic studies - Investigating a diagnostic test.

scholarly journals WATER-SAVING AMONG SCHOOL STUDENTS IN MALAYSIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-42
Author(s):  
Mohmadisa Hashim ◽  
Mohamad Danial Mohd Shariff ◽  
Hanifah Mahat ◽  
Saiyidatina Balkhis Norkhaidi ◽  
Nasir Nayan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
T Test ◽  
Moderate Level ◽  
School Students ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Pearson's Correlation ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

A study was conducted among school students in Baling district, Kedah to study their level of knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding water-saving. A quantitative approach was adopted by survey instrument. The study sample consisted of 144 students, selected based using simple random sampling technique while stratified random technique was used to select school. Pearson’s correlation and t-test were used used to analyse the data. Based on the findings, it was found that the level of knowledge and the level of attitude were high in water-saving, while the water-saving practice was at a moderate level. The t-test results showed that knowledge, attitude, and practice did not have a significant difference in water-saving. The results of the Pearson’s correlation showed a moderately positive relationship between the water-saving knowledge and water-saving practice and a moderately positive relationship between water-saving attitude and practice. Overall, it can be concluded that the students had a high level of knowledge and attitude in water-saving. However, water-saving practice was still at a moderate level, and students need to improve their water-saving practice from time to time.

scholarly journals Entrepreneurial Conative Component of Competences: the Case of Slovenia

Organizacija ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 247-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darko Kovač ◽  
Maja Meško ◽  
Andrej Bertoncelj
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
T Test ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Pearson's Correlation ◽  
Crucial Part ◽  
Three Components

Entrepreneurial Conative Component of Competences: the Case of SloveniaCompetitive pressures, globalization and economic growth have brought Slovenian enterprises to enhance the role of entrepreneurial competences. The present paper aims to study conative component of entrepreneurial competences as a crucial part of human capital in Slovenian enterprises. The focus of this paper is any eventual disparity of non-teachable attributes of conative component of competences of Slovene enterpreneuer with learned ones rather than the concept of entrepreneurship itself. Authors seperate entrepreneurial competences into three components: cognitive, affective and conative. The purpose of this study is to assess the entrepreneurial conative traits and to investigate the correlation between different conative components of entrepreneurial competences and compare the results to their job-related self-expetations. The conative component of entrepreneurial competences was measures with the Kolbe A™ Index. The study was conducted with 43 Slovenian entrepreneuers from three different enterprises. Independet sample t-test and Pearson's correlation were used to test research aims. SPSS 16.0 was used to analyse the data. The results show conative components of Slovenian entrepreneurial competences, difference between them and individual's job-related self expectations and that the correlation between conative components exist.

scholarly journals Shift-work job stress, psychological distress, and job satisfaction among employees

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prathana Dodia ◽  
Neha Parashar
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Job Stress ◽  
Night Shift ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
T Test ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Pearson's Correlation ◽  
The Relationship

The objective of the study was to identify the relationship between Job Stress, Psychological Distress, and Job Satisfaction among employees in comparison to day shift and night shift. The sample consisted of 60 employees, divided equally in both shifts (30-day shift and 30-night shift) and selected randomly with simple random sampling technique and volunteer sampling technique. The research tools used are Occupational Stress Index (OSI) to measure job stress, General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) to measure psychological distress, and Job Satisfaction Scale (JSS) to measure job satisfaction. For the analysis, Independent Sample t-test and Pearson’s Correlation were used to identify and compare the relationship between the independent variables (Day shift and Night shift) and dependent variables (Job Stress, Psychological Distress, and Job Satisfaction). The research findings examined by Independent Samples t-test on GHQ-28 (t (45) = -3.655, p = 0.001), OSI (t (58) = -4.538, p = 0.000), JSS (t (58) = -5.126, p = 0.000), was found to be statistically significant, where the night shift employees experienced more psychological distress and job stress, and low job satisfaction compared to the day shift employees. Pearson’s correlation, suggests a positive correlation between GHQ and OSI (r = 0.541), and negative relation between GHQ and JSS (r = -0.589), and OSI and JSS (r = -0.669), which were all significant at the 0.01 level. The results indicate that the employees working in night shift experienced higher Job Stress and Psychological Distress, and Low Job Satisfaction than day shift.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document