scholarly journals PUBLIC ORDER AND THE EMERGENCE OF THE POLICE

2021 ◽  
pp. 154-160
Author(s):  
Эдуард Николаевич Лыков
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Public Order ◽  
Nation State ◽  
Feudal Society ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
History Of ◽  
European Thought

Реконструируется генеалогия полиции в истории европейской мысли. Отмечается, что своим появлением полиция обязана существенным сдвигам, как институциональным, так и иным, произошедшим в Европе периода Нового времени. Полиция возникает как институт национального государства, в противовес институтам и практикам обеспечения безопасности феодального общества. Национальное государство и присущие ему практики управления и контроля насилия нуждались в инструменте для обеспечения порядка, репрезентирующем всех граждан. В логике отношений с Другим это проявляется в упорядочивании, которое возможно только в отношении такого Другого, который предстает и понимается как универсальный Субъект, субъект права, а также жертва. The article reconstructs the genealogy of the police in the history of European thought. It is noted that the police owe their appearance to significant changes, both institutional and otherwise, that occurred in Europe during the modern period. The police emerge as an institution of the nation state, as opposed to the institutions and practices of ensuring the security of a feudal society. The nation-state and its inherent practices of managing and controlling violence needed an instrument to enforce order that would represent all citizens. In the logic of relations with the Other, this manifests itself in yorderliness, which is possible only in relation to such an Other, who appears and is understood as a universal Subject, a subject of law, and also a victim.

Inclusion and exclusion—We and the Other. Response to Vamik Volkan’s Key-note Lecture

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Mies
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Western World ◽  
Nation State ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
Collective Identities ◽  
Specific Group ◽  
Norbert Elias ◽  
German Nation ◽  
History Of

This response is focused on the following question: What may be the specific group analytic point of view on phenomena as the resurgence of nationalism in the western world, the so-called refugee crisis and the confrontation with Islamism and Islamist terror? The guideline of this response will be the idea of the ‘group of individuals’, which Norbert Elias characterized as his main contribution to group analytic theory. The response will emphasize the significance of the Other for the formation of personal and collective identities. It will argue that we face the Other, not only outside our own group, but also inside, and that xenophobia goes hand in hand with the denial of real differences and conflicts inside one’s own group. Finally, the history of the German nation-state is discussed as an exemplary case.

scholarly journals Back from Shingly: Revisiting the premodern history of Jews in Kerala

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ophira Gamliel
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Jewish History ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
The Other ◽  
Oral Traditions ◽  
European Languages ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One

Jewish history in Kerala is based on sources mainly from the colonial period onward and mostly in European languages, failing to account for the premodern history of Jews in Kerala. These early modern sources are based on oral traditions of Paradeśi Jews in Cochin, who view the majority of Kerala Jews as inferior. Consequently, the premodern history of Kerala Jews remains untold, despite the existence of premodern sources that undermine unsupported notions about the premodern history of Kerala Jews—a Jewish ‘ur-settlement’ called Shingly in Kodungallur and a centuries-old isolation from world Jewry. This article reconstructs Jewish history in premodern Kerala solely based on premodern travelogues and literature on the one hand and on historical documents in Old Malayalam, Hebrew and Judeo-Arabic on the other hand. Sources of the early modern period are then examined for tracing the origins of the Shingly myth, arguing that the incorporation of the Shingly legend into the historiography of Kerala Jews was affected by contacts with European Jews in the Age of Discoveries rather than being a reflection of historical events.

scholarly journals ORIGO GENTIS V ČESKÉ STŘEDOVĚKÉ HISTORIOGRAF II

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-39
Author(s):  
Marie Bláhová
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
The Other ◽  
Nation State ◽  
14Th Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
Founding Myth ◽  
The Middle Ages ◽  
Three Phases

The author deals with the history of the founding myth of Czech Slavs from its oldest recording to the end of the Middle Ages. The legend of the origin of Czechs lived on in three phases of the Middle Ages. Stage one was captured by Cosmas of Prague († 1125) in the oldest nation-state chronicle. Another milestone was the founding legend in the Old Czech Chronicle recorded by so-called Dalimil from the early second decade of the 14th century. The founding myth changed fundamentally in two official chronicles which were written under the authority of Charles IV (1346-1378), the “Bohemian Chronicle” by Giovanni de’ Marignolli of Florence and the other “Bohemian Chronicle” by Přibík Pulkava of Radenín.

scholarly journals Social Theory and the Principium Unitatis

1927 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-46
Author(s):  
William Orton
Keyword(s):  
Social Theory ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Moral Authority ◽  
General View ◽  
Nation State ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Spiritual Authority ◽  
History Of

Complex as is the immediate situation of social theory, a general view reveals some significant continuities, both spatial and temporal. The attitude of the pluralists, whether in theory or in practice, to the sovereign nation-state has more common ground than at first appears with that of the states themselves toward the nascent organs of international government; and the dilemma underlying both controversies is in fact nothing less than a restatement, in modern ideology, of an issue fundamental to the history of the entire Christian era.That issue, stated in the broadest terms, centers about the relation between de facto and de jure sovereignty; or, more broadly still, between political and ethical, secular and spiritual, authority; and its importance may be suggested by the generalization that security in social relations is attainable, and has in fact been attained, only when the de facto, or political, sovereign—whatsoever form it may take—has been substantially integrated with the immediate source of ethical or moral authority. The pre-modern period of history abounds in statements, both factual and doctrinal, of this issue.

Sino-Japanese Controversy since the the 1972 Diplomatic Normalization

1990 ◽  
Vol 124 ◽  
pp. 639-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidenori Ijiri
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Relations ◽  
Cultural Influence ◽  
The Other ◽  
Chinese Characters ◽  
Advanced Economy ◽  
Hierarchical Order ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Japanese Military ◽  
Inferiority Complex ◽  
History Of

IntroductionSino-Japanese relations appear to have a dual structure which is built into the long history of exchanges and interaction between the two countries. Some phrases such as ichii taisui (“neighbours across the strip of water”) and dobun doshu (“same Chinese characters, same race”) have long been regarded as a symbol of the friendly relationship between the two countries. Such a symbol, however, implies dual and conflicting sentiments of the Japanese and the Chinese, namely the feelings of inferiority and superiority with each other in a hierarchical order of foreign relations in Asia.To be more specific, the Chinese have a superiority complex deriving from their cultural influence in pre-modern history and hatred stemming from Japanese military aggression against China in the modern period, while having an inferiority complex based upon Japan's co-operation in their modernization, and admiration for Japan's advanced economy. On the other hand, the Japanese have an inferiority complex due to their cultural debt to China and the sense of original sin stemming from their past aggression against China, while having a superiority complex based upon their assistance to China's modernization and contempt for China's backwardness.

scholarly journals KAJIAN ALQURAN DI INDONESIA: TELAAH HISTORIS

QOF ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-127
Author(s):  
Cholid Ma'arif
Keyword(s):  
Classic Period ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mapping Study ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Period Style ◽  
Middle Period ◽  
Arabic Script ◽  
History Of ◽  
Style Of Writing ◽  
Political Economic

This paper focuses on a mapping study of the development of Qur'anic and interpretation study generally in Indonesia. It aims to see how far the map of development of the Qur'an Study in the region of Indonesia. Previously, it is important to trace the beginning of the historical entry of Islam, the pattern and system of teaching the Koran, along with its development by looking at the work of commentary scholars and commentary on the interpretation of scholars. The method used is bibliography with supported documentation of related works. The results are the study of the Qur'an in Indonesia from classical to contemporary times evolved from the conventional pattern of the class (learning al-Qur'an in pesantren, madrasah, and home), a ceremonial event and even in competition (model reading al-Qur ' in various events such as One Day One Juz, STQ, MTQ, and others). On the other hand, the growth of interpretation and translation of the Koran in Indonesia is somewhat slower than the writing of interpretations in the Middle East. In this case the author traced the period of history of writing al-Qur'an interpretation according to Nasharuddin Baidan: Classic Period (7-8 H./15 CE); The Middle Period (16-18 AD); Pre-Modern Period (19th Century); The Modern Period (The 20th Century (1900-1950, 1951-1980, 1981-2000, 2001-present) At first glance, it appears that at first the interpretation became an integral part with other religious teachings propagated by the wali songo (such as the teachings of Molimo and also Lir Ilir) .Then began writing the interpretation with Arabic script in the local language (ex melayu, madura) .The work that appears like Tafsir Tarjuman Al-Mustafid.In this period style of writing interpretation is still influenced from the interpretation of Arab lands, such as Jalalain, al-Baidlawi, etc. The modern period is a period of Indonesian interpretation, not only of tahlili but also maudlu'I (thematic themes) .The themes are carried on are social, political, economic, gender, ecological, multicultural , and others.

Petrarch's Accidia

1961 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 36-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siegfried Wenzel
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Inner Life ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
History Of ◽  
European Thought

Whenever Petrarch's significance for the history of European thought and sentiment is assessed, a great deal of attention is given to his ‘melancholy'. Apart from his poetry it is the Secretum which presents most clearly this aspect of Petrarch's inner life. In this work Petrarch analyzed his sentiment under the name of accidia. Literary critics since Sainte-Beuve have seen behind this concept the same psychic malady that beset Werther or René and, more recently, Baudelaire. Scholars, on the other hand, have tried to locate Petrarch's accidia in a more or less linear development from acedia, the medieval sin of spiritual negligence, to modern melancholy, Weltschmerz, or ennui.

The Moments of Nature–State Relations

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Whitehead ◽  
Rhys Jones ◽  
Martin Jones
Keyword(s):  
Environmental History ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
History Of ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Political Form ◽  
State Relations

A key consideration when explicating the character of nature–state relations is their historical geographies, or what we may term their key ‘moments of mutual association’. But despite the obvious importance of nature and the environment for shaping the character of the state and the equally crucial role played by physical and environmental processes in reproducing political forms, it seems clear to us that the majority of work in history and historical geography has tended to separate the two themes from one another: at one extreme lie studies of the changing political form of the state; at the other, an environmental history that is usually concerned with the history of the environment for its own sake. The not immodest aim of this chapter is to forge a more productive link between these two academic traditions. We attempt to do this through illustrating the key moments that have helped to structure nature–state relations. In talking about moments, we do not refer simply to particular times or periods that have been crucial for the forging of nature–state relations. Our emphasis on the notion of moments does not seek to give primacy to temporal issues as such. Rather, in referring to nature–state moments, we emphasize the characteristic or indicative associations that have existed between states and natures. We seek to stress, therefore, a range of different types of association that have been important in structuring nature–state relations. Obviously, the issue of time is important since the character of nature–state relations would have been extremely different in the Greek polis when compared with the state of high modernity. The degree to which nature could be modified obviously varied between the two time periods, as did its potential impact on political processes. Even within the modern period, the character of nature–state relations has varied considerably. Changing technologies and political and ecological ideologies have ensured a different repertoire of associations between states and natures throughout the whole of the modern period. But it is not the issue of time per se that explains these different associations; rather, it is the differing ideological, technological, and material relations that exist between specific states and natures at particular points in time.

scholarly journals The Formation of the Bhikṣu Ordination in 19th Century Chosŏn Korea: Focusing on the Ten Wholesome Precepts of the Monk Paekp’a

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 252
Author(s):  
Ja-rang Lee
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
The Core ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Korean Buddhism ◽  
Choson Korea ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common

Ordination can be said to be the core of Buddhism and maintaining this tradition is the key to maintaining Buddhism. This was the realization of the monastics in early 19th century Korea such as Paekp’a (1767–1852), Taeŭn (1780–1841), and Manha (d.u.) who were the pioneers in reviving the ordination tradition at a time when the saṃgha must have suffered a severe decline of this all too important tradition. Among these three monks, there were some commonalities such as the common geography of Chirisan area in the Hoam region where they started this movement and the fact that Paekp’a and Taeŭn, belonged to the Pyŏngyang lineal clan, the lineal descendants of the great masters Hyujŏng and P’yŏnyang. The effort to revitalize the ordination tradition by Paekp’a and other monks were successful in establishing their lineal clan and, at the same time, significantly contributed to securing their lineage within the history of Korea Buddhism. However, because Paekp’a’s method of the ten wholesome precepts was seen to be different from the traditional methods of ordination, its influence was. Taeŭn’s methods, on the other hand, by borrowing notions from the Brahmā’s Net Sutra which allowed monks to revitalize their lineal clan through one’s own effort, drew support from eminent monks and became widely practiced. Similarly, the lineage that was formed by Manha by traveling to China on being recognized for its legitimacy came to be established as part of the mainline of Korean Buddhism. While such methods were successful in responding to the dire situation of the early 19th century, this movement also provided the foundation for the continuation to the modern period the traditional orthodox lineage that was started some 300 years earlier.

scholarly journals The Politics of Difference: Ol-Chiki and Santal Identity in Eastern India

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-146
Author(s):  
RAJAKISHOR MAHANA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous People ◽  
The Other ◽  
Nation State ◽  
Eastern India ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
Native Languages ◽  
Tribal Identity ◽  
Politics Of Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
Struggle For Recognition

The indigenous people of India have a very contested history of their origin, and hence a blurred identity. The initial contours of tribal identity in India was shaped by the idea that tribals should be assimilated into the dominant Hindu fold or integrated as citizens of a nation state. The dominant communities wanted the tribals even to learn and speak the languages of the dominant groups over their own native languages. On the other hand, the struggles against this discrimination waged by the oppressed and subordinated forlast two centuries or more were seen as struggle for recognition as equals. However, in recent times, as a counter to the threat posed to the tribal ways of living by the dominant groups, articulation of tribal identity has been emerging from within. The new struggle encompassed another completely new and opposite demand – the demand for recognition of difference. Building on Santali script (Ol-Chiki) movement in Mayurbhanj district of Odisha, the paper argues that the struggle for equal rights of citizenship and distribution along with taking pride in their own tribal identity has led to the development of subnationalism among the Santals in Eastern India.

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