scholarly journals Chemical Characterization of Secondary Metabolite from the Endophytic Fungus Trichordema reecei isolated from The Twig of Syzygium aqueum

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-143
Author(s):  
Ummi Hiras Habisukan ◽  
Elfita Elfita ◽  
Hary Widjajanti ◽  
Arum Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Methyl Acetate ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Antioxidant Agents

Endophytic fungi are microorganisms that live in plants, without negative effects and are mutually related to hosting plants. Exploration of bioactive compounds from Endophytic fungi is easier and cheaper because they do not require a large area, a short growing time, and uncomplicated mixed compounds. Endophytic fungi are new and patent base secondary metabolites but they are not extensively characterized and investigated for the exploration of raw materials for drugs. The purpose of this study was to obtain antioxidant secondary metabolites from Endophytic fungi that live in the Syzygium aqueum medicinal plant. In this study, Endophyticfungi were isolated from S. aqueum twigs and molecular identification. The secondary metabolites were isolated by chromatographic method and chemical structure identified by spectroscopy. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by method 1,1diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH). Phylogenetic analysis showed the Endophytic fungi of S. aqueum twig have a high similarity with the Trichordema reecei twig 19MSr.B2.3. The secondary metabolites from the ethyl acetate extract of the liquid culture of the fungus were identified as (4-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5 oxotetrahydrofuran-2-yl) methyl acetate with IC50= 75.13 ????g/mL. The secondary metabolites can be developed into starting molecules for potential antioxidant agents.

Radiological, structural and chemical characterization of raw materials and ceramic tiles in Serbia

2019 ◽  
Vol 323 (2) ◽  
pp. 861-874
Author(s):  
Predrag Kuzmanović ◽  
Nataša Todorović ◽  
Jovana Nikolov ◽  
Jovana Knežević ◽  
Bojan Miljević
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Ceramic Tiles

scholarly journals Heterogeneity in the Chemical Composition of Biofertilizers, Potential Agronomic Use, and Heavy Metal Contents of Different Agro-Industrial Wastes

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Cajamarca ◽  
Douglas Martins ◽  
Juscimar da Silva ◽  
Mariana Fontenelle ◽  
Ítalo Guedes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Agronomic Efficiency ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Great Heterogeneity

Several agro-industrial, livestock, and food wastes can be recycled to create biofertilizers. This diversity of raw materials can result in nutritional imbalance and an increase in heavy metal content, which could make the final product unfeasible. Thus, the chemical characterization of the raw materials and their influence on the sustainable and safe production of biofertilizers need to be better understood. In this context, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the chemical characteristics of agro-industrial residues used in the manufacture of an aerobic liquid biofertilizer. We analyzed the macronutrient, micronutrient, and trace metal contents of seven waste products used as raw materials to create a biofertilizer. In addition, a survey of secondary biofertilizer data from different residues was carried out that showed great heterogeneity in the chemical compositions of these residues, which has a direct impact on the agronomic efficiency of these biofertilizers. The characterization revealed that some materials may be contaminants of the soil, due to high levels of trace metals, especially cadmium. We conclude that the generation of detailed inventories, such as those of the nutrient and heavy metal contents of the raw materials and biofertilizers produced, is indispensable for the correct recommendation of biologically-based inputs in agriculture.

Chemical characterization of the bark of Eucalyptus urophylla hybrids in view of their valorization in biorefineries

Holzforschung ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
pp. 819-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Sartori ◽  
Graciene da Silva Mota ◽  
Joana Ferreira ◽  
Isabel Miranda ◽  
Fábio Akira Mori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Polar Compounds ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Eucalyptus Urophylla ◽  
Acid Hydrolysate ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Eucalyptus urophylla hybrids are important raw materials for the forest industry in Brazil, and large quantities of barks are available at mill site that may be used for added-value products. The chemical composition of barks of six commercial hybrids clones of E. urophylla×E. grandis, E. urophylla×E. Camaldulensis, and undisclosed E. urophylla hybrids was studied. The hybrids had similar composition, on average (data based on oven dry bark): 16% extractives, mainly corresponding to polar compounds that are soluble in ethanol and water, 19% lignin, 47% polysaccharides, 1% suberin, and 2% ash. The polysaccharides consists mainly of cellulose as indicated by 84% of total neutral monosaccharides in the acid hydrolysate and 10% xylose. The compositions of the lipophilic extracts was determined by GC-MS before and after alkaline hydrolysis. In all the barks, fatty acids, and triterpenes (namely: betulinic and ursolic acids) were the most abundant compounds followed by smaller amounts of sterols, long-chain aliphatic alcohols, phenolic acids, and acylglycerols. The ethanol-water bark extract had a high phenolic content: total phenolics ranged 211–551 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE) g-1 of extract, tannins 76–184 mg catechin equivalents (CE) g-1 extract, and flavonoids 98–234 mg CE g-1 of extract. The antioxidant activity corresponds to 338 mg Trolox g-1 of extract. Development of high-value products is proposed through an integrated biorefinery approach including valorisation of extractives and targeting for cellulose-based applications.

scholarly journals A New Silver Complex with Ofloxacin – Preliminary Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aura Rusu ◽  
Gabriel-Cosmin Popescu ◽  
Silvia Imre ◽  
Valentin Ion ◽  
Szende Vancea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Silver Complex ◽  
Stoichiometric Ratio ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Thermal Methods ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Preliminary Study

AbstractObjective: Silver complexes of antibacterial quinolones have the potential advantage of combining the antibacterial activity of silver and fluoroquinolones. The objective of our study was the preparation and the preliminary physico-chemical characterization of a silver complex with ofloxacin.Methods: To achieve our goals several spectroscopic methods (ultraviolet spectrophotometry, mass spectrometry, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) and thermal methods (differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis) were used in order to elucidate the chemical structure of the complex.Results: Using mass spectrometry we established the stoichiometric ratio silver:ofloxacin as 1:2. Experimental data suggest a particular coordination for ofloxacin, as a monodentate ligand, in the formation of a complex with silver, through the nitrogen atom from the methyl-piperazine cycle.Conclusions: The obtained complex has a chemical structure likely [Ag(Ofloxacin)2]NO3, requiring evaluation through other physico-chemical methods.

Synthesis and Characterization of Reduced Graphene Oxide Film as Electronic Material

2011 ◽  
Vol 287-290 ◽  
pp. 2356-2359
Author(s):  
Juan Yang ◽  
Chuan Liang Zang ◽  
Lei Sun ◽  
Nan Zhao ◽  
Ya Zhou Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Filtration Method ◽  
Vacuum Filtration ◽  
Structure And Morphology ◽  
Reduced Graphene ◽  
Thermal Annealing Process ◽  
Ft Ir

Large area graphene oxide (GO) film was prepared by vacuum filtration method through a membrane with a pore size of 25 nm, using GO sheets suspension as raw materials. The film was thermal treated in Ar/H2 atmosphere at 600°C to make the film electrical conductive. The structure and morphology of the obtained film were investigated by XRD, Raman, FT-IR and SEM. Results showed that most oxygen-containing functional groups in GO film were reduced during the thermal annealing process. The obtained reduced film showed excellent electrical conductivity and the average sheet resistance of the reduced film was 11.3 Ω□-1.

scholarly journals Partial Chemical Characterization of Immunomodulatory Polysaccharides from Plantago palmata Hook. f. s. Leaves

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Biringanine ◽  
Moustapha Ouedraogo ◽  
Bernard Vray ◽  
Anne Berit Samuelsen ◽  
Pierre Duez
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Plantago Major ◽  
Activated Macrophages ◽  
Exclusion Chromatography ◽  
Very High ◽  
Partial Chemical

A previous work on Plantago palmata polysaccharides (PS) attributed immunomodulatory properties of leaves to a polysaccharide fraction (PS50) that stimulated NO and TNF-α production by interferon gamma- (IFN-γ-) activated macrophages. The present work aims to elucidate the chemical structure of these immunomodulatory polysaccharides. Size exclusion chromatography showed that the active polymers present an active fraction with a very high molecular weight (about 1200 kDa). These polysaccharides are pectic in nature, with a predominantly unbranched galacturonan domain and with a domain bearing side chains that consist of highly branched arabinan, galactan, and/or arabinogalactan. Comparatively to the well-known Plantago major biologically active PS, Plantago palmata PS50 contained less arabinogalactan-proteins (AGPs) and had a different composition in glucose, galactose, and galacturonic acid. DNA contamination of the polysaccharide was estimated at about 0.04%, a concentration much lower than those reported immunomodulatory in hyaluronic acid preparations (3 to 15%). Therefore, the eventuality of a contaminating DNA-mediated biological activity could be ruled out.

scholarly journals Chemical characterization of agroforestry solid residues aiming its utilization as adsorbents for metals in water

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco H. M. Luzardo ◽  
Fermin G. Velasco ◽  
Clemildes P. Alves ◽  
Ivea K. da S. Correia ◽  
Lázaro L. Cazorla
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Carbonyl Groups ◽  
Specific Chemical ◽  
Coconut Shells ◽  
Potential Use

In this work, a study of the correlation between the functional groups present in the chemical structure of the fibers of coconut shells, cocoa and eucalyptus, and their adsorption capacity of Cd+2 and Cu+2 ions from water was performed. The content of soluble solids and reactive phenols in aqueous extracts were determined. The chemical functional groups present in the fibers were examined using the IR spectra. The adsorption capacity of the peels was determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. For Cd+2, a significant correlation between the adsorption capacity and some specific chemical functional groups present in the fiber was verified. The potential use of these peels, as adsorbent of Cd+2 ions, is based on the presence of OH functional groups such as aryl-OH, aryl-O-CH2 of phenol carboxylic acids, as well as carbonyl groups derived from carboxylic acid salts, in these fibers.

scholarly journals PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF EGG SHELL BHASMA BY USING MODERN ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 51-53
Author(s):  
Kundan Patil
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Lemon Juice ◽  
The Body ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Modern Analytical

Calcium is one of the essential elements for living beings. As a supplement, it is used to treat Calcium deficiencies due to a calcium deficient diet. In Rasaratnasamuchchaya Calcium bhasma (Eggshell bhasma) is included as a rich calcium supplement. There is a need for work on the determination of the percentage of Calcium in the eggshell and its limit of acceptance. Easy absorption of bhasma in the body is possible when its preparation is carried out in an acidic medium. Lemon juice is one of the acidic mediums employed for this purpose at pH 2.4. The eggshell powder is subjected to five calcination cycles to convert it into the Bhasma. Analysis of Eggshell Bhasma has been done by various modern analytical techniques to determine its exact chemical compositions. Various instrumental methods like XRD, FTIR, and SEM have been incorporated for analysis of raw materials, intermediates as well as final products. The calcium carbonate present in eggshells is in calcite form. In the present work, structural and chemical characterization of eggshell bhasma was carried out to develop an analytical profile of it.

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