scholarly journals Research of the status of scientific and technical development of the countries of the world

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Activity Index ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Technical Development ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Technological Activity ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development ◽  
Integral Indicator

In modern conditions to ensure sustainable economic growth of the country and increase the competitiveness of the national economy, it is necessary to ensure scientific and technological development. The purpose of the article is to study the state of scientific and technical development of the countries of the world in the context of developing recommendations for Ukraine. Method of research: graphical and statistical analysis of indicators of scientific and technical activity, index method for calculating the integral indicator of scientific and technical activity of the country. The work analyzed the dynamics of the main indicators characterizing the scientific and technical activity. In order to identify the leader among the countries in the scientific and technological development, the calculation of the integral indicator, which determines the place of the country in the overall ranking of countries, was calculated. According to the results of the calculation - the best result is demonstrated by the USA, and Ukraine is the last among the estimated countries. It is proved that the current state of scientific and technological activity in Ukraine does not correspond to its orientation towards sustainable and innovative development, which are declared in the relevant strategic documents. The USA's success in providing innovative development has been analyzed in order to develop recommendations for improving the scientific and technical state of Ukraine. It is determined that in the USA the promotion of scientific and technological activity is conditioned by the implementation in the country of a new model of the national innovation system is the model of a triple spiral. Conclusions: the study of the experience of scientific and technical activity of different countries of the world gives Ukraine the opportunity to formulate its own priorities for development in this sphere, which will ensure the formation of an innovative economy.

STRATEGIC PLANNING OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1465-1476
Author(s):  
K.N. Andrianov ◽  
◽  
Y.V. Popkov ◽  
A.K. Markov ◽  
E.E. Mozhaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
World Market ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
The World ◽  
Market Management ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

In this article, the authors analyze the experience of strategic planning for the scientific and technological development of the PRC. It is concluded that: largely due to effective strategic planning, over the past 15 years, the PRC has multiplied its economic potential and has become one of the most powerful countries in the world. The achievements of the PRC in the development of advanced technologies are especially impressive. The PRC has managed to create from scratch high-tech export-oriented sectors of the economy that are competitive in the world market. The characteristic features of the Chinese scientific and technological development management system are revealed: a clear definition of priority areas of scientific and technological development, concentrating efforts on a limited number of areas of science and technology development that are important for increasing the competitiveness of the national economy; planning manages scientific and technological development, the main one envisaging environmental achievement of long-term and moment of short-term goals, development and certain implementation of such long-term integrated marine programs, software R&D and innovative development; government stimulation of effective cooperation between science, education and business in ensuring the entire innovation cycle - from fundamental research to the introduction of developments in production, for the development of high-tech sectors; the use of a significant part of export earnings for the acquisition of modern equipment technologies; strict regulation of foreign investments in order to direct them to the sectors of new and high technologies; a harmonious combination of planning and market management methods in the development of small innovative business. Particular attention is paid to the consideration of the main elements of the state scientific and technological policy of the PRC. In addition, the authors conduct a detailed analysis of the main documents of the strategic planning of the PRC in the field of innovative development.

Social Context of Innovation Development

2013 ◽  
pp. 17-30
Author(s):  
N. Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Social Context ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Central Position ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Innovation Development ◽  
The World ◽  
Ethical Norms ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

The article deals the problems of innovative development, primarily those of accumulation of human capital that occupies the central position of the world economy of XX century. Its priority is based on revolutionary character of scientific and technological development of recent decades. This not only triggers the major breakthroughs a number of leading branches of knowledge but makes the innovations permanent. At the same time under the conditions of globalization the issues of moral and ethical norms and universal solidarity come to forefront. This makes more and more urgent the change of the developmental priorities.

scholarly journals Scientific and technological determinants of innovation development strategy

2019 ◽  
pp. 8-23
Author(s):  
Vladimir Alexeevich Eliseev
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
National Income ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Innovation Research ◽  
The World ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

The subject content of the work is domestic innovative development, the theme – scientific and technological aspects, and purpose – consideration of the determinants of the current Strategy until 2020 and prospective one – anticipated Strategy until 2030. The Methodology of work is the application of elements of system analysis (taken and expected government decisions) in the field of innovation research and technological development relating to directions, outcomes, determinants, indicators, challenges and priorities. The research is based on the general scientific method (problem statement, information-analytical generalizations, classification and analogies, analysis and synthesis, inductive-deductive approach). The results of the work consist in the formulation of scientific and technological determinants of innovative development. The application scope of the results is the strategy of innovative development until 2030. Conclusion. The strategy of innovative development until 2020 takes into account the bases of strategic planning and scientific and technological development of the country, the selected model and the tempos of innovative development take into account the world experience and domestic characteristics, aimed at parity-adapted integration into the world economy, contribute to reducing the retardation from developed countries. Step-by-step formulation of scientific and technological determinants of innovation Strategy until 2030 can be expected from the discussed draft Program «Scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation for 2019–2030». For comparative and analytical clarification of the development model (within the framework of the Strategy until 2030), it is important to display its innovative characteristics (scientific and technical novelty, satisfaction of market demand, tradability) against the background of global trends and projected features of the «road map» of the new technological mode. At the same time, the scientific and technological determinants of innovative development will definitely remain trans-parently oriented priority areas for the development of science, technology and technology, critical technologies and technological platforms. In addition, due to the multiplicative role of attracted investments in the growth of national income and employment, it seems promising to continue to remove obstacles to the development of public-private partnerships; although, in order to increase the level of technological development of the private sector and change for the better the unsatisfactory financing of R&D by business, in the foreseeable future, limited state protectionism is intended to initiate demand for innovations.

Management of sustainable innovation for national development

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Alvaro Cristian Sánchez Mercado
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Innovation Management ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
National Development ◽  
Main Research ◽  
The World ◽  
End Use ◽  
Research Centres ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

Throughout history the development of the countries has been generated mainly by the impulse in two complementary axes: Science and Technology, and Trade. At present we are experiencing an exponential scientific and technological development and the Economy in all its fronts is driven by the intensive application of technology. According to these considerations, this research tries to expose the development of Innovation Management as a transversal mechanism to promote the different socioeconomic areas and especially those supported by engineering. To this end, use will be made of Technology Watch in order to identify the advances of the main research centres related to innovation in the world. Next, there will be an evaluation of the main models of Innovation Management and related methodologies that expose some of the existing Innovation Observatories in the world to finally make a proposal for Innovation Management applicable to the reality of Peru, so that it can be taken into consideration by stakeholders (Government, Academy, Business and Civil Society) committed to Innovation Management in the country

The Prospects for Scientific and Technological Development in Saudi Arabia

1979 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-372
Author(s):  
Joseph S. Szyliowicz
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
New World ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
World History ◽  
Rare Phenomenon ◽  
The World ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

Today we are witnessing a very rare phenomenon in world history: a state suddenly deluged with an apparently inexhaustible amount of wealth as occurred in sixteenth-century Spain and Portugal when the riches of the New World flowed to the Iberian peninsula. Now the ‘black gold’ under the sands of the Arabian desert has provided one of the most underpopulated and under developed regions of the world with an equivalent bonanza. The new wealth of Spain helped to ruin that country. What will be the fate of Saudi Arabia and its small neighbors?

scholarly journals SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT AS A FACTOR OF ACCELERATING ECONOMIC GROWTH IN RUSSIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 230 (4) ◽  
pp. 237-244
Author(s):  
E.B. LENCHUK ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Technological Basis ◽  
Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽  
The World ◽  
Sustainable Economic Growth ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

The article deals with the modern processes of changing the technological basis of the world economy on the basis of large-scale transition to the use of technologies of the fourth industrial revolution, shaping new markets and opens up prospects for sustainable economic growth. It is in the scientific and technological sphere that the competition between countries is shifting. Russia remains nearly invisible player in this field. The author tried to consider the main reasons for such a lag and identify a set of measures of state scientific and technological policy that can give the necessary impetus to the scientific and technological development of Russia.

scholarly journals Implementation of Policy Papers in the Field of Scientific and Technological Development of Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2020 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-533
Author(s):  
Natalia Vasetskaya
Keyword(s):  
Technological Development ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Real Sector ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Russian Scientific ◽  
Technological Complex ◽  
Goals And Objectives ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

The present research featured scientific and technical policy papers in Russia. The research objective was to study the normative legal acts that determine the strategic scientific and technological development of the country. The paper contains an analysis of the goals stated in these documents and defines the efficiency of the target indicators. The study was based on systematization methods, content analysis, and comparative analysis of the main strategic legal acts that form Russian scientific and technical policy. These documents are divided into two groups. The first one contains the goals and objectives of scientific and technological development, but no quantitative values of targets, or indicators, of scientific and technological development. The second group specifies these indicators. The study revealed that not all the goals outlined in the policy papers have been met, and there are targets for scientific and technological development that have not been achieved yet. Moreover, some of the measures provided in the policy papers were implemented with a noticeable delay or were not implemented at all. For instance, the list of end-to-end technologies still remains unapproved. All these issues hindered the development of Russian competitive high-tech sector of goods and services: the country failed to develop mechanisms that could stimulate its transition to innovative development of real sector enterprises and to improve the resource base for scientific and technological complex.

scholarly journals Leadership and Management in Science and Technology: Competency Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 26-38
Author(s):  
O. V. Vorobyeva ◽  
E. M. Ivannikova ◽  
V. V. Malandin ◽  
D. S. Sekirinsky ◽  
E. V. Karavaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Technological Development ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Competency Model ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Leadership And Management ◽  
Technology Competency ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
The World ◽  
Science And Education ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

The article deals with scientific and methodological substantiation and description of the competency model of a modern leader and manager in scientific and technological sphere. This model has been developed by the authors on the initiative of the Coordinating Council for Youth Affairs in Scientific and Educational Spheres of the Presidential Council for Science and Education in the framework of the managers’ contest “Leaders of Russia” (specialization “Science”, season 2019– 2020). The competency model is aimed at improving the efficiency of solving the problems of scientific and technological development of Russia by overcoming the lack of personnel which is ready not only to conduct research at the world level, but also to take responsibility for the formation of priorities for scientific and technological development that meet the interests of Russia, as well as for their implementation. The proposed model is the first of its kind developed and tested system of competencies for improving leadership and management potential of Russian science.

scholarly journals Russia in the Global Process of Scientific and Technological Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 72-91
Author(s):  
E. B. Lenchuk
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Technology Policy ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Emerging Technology ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Technological Basis ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Economic Growth ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

This article investigates new global trends in scientific and technological development and their impact on sustainable socio-economic  development of individual countries and the world as a whole. The author shows the importance of implementing emerging technologies that open up new opportunities for the global economic growth by changing its technological basis, giving a competitive advantage to those countries that are leading this change. The article analyses which new approaches to science and technology policy are being adopted in developed and developing countries to maintain high positions in the R&D and emerging technology, and to conquer new markets. Furthermore, the author reveals the risks associated with a serious gap between Russia and the leading countries, which is unlikely to be bridged with the existing raw material export-based development model. Analyzing the state of scientific andtechnological development, advance in the field of new technologies, as well as implemented strategies and programs in this area, the author identifies key areas for improving scientific and technological state policies, which will allow the country to intensify R&D and innovation in this area, strengthen its position in the global hightech markets and create prerequisites for increasing Russia’s competitive advantages in the global technology scene.

Assessment of the Volume of State Funding for the Development of Biomedicine in Russia and in the USA

Acta Naturae ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 4-10
Author(s):  
A. N. Petrov ◽  
N. G. Kurakova
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
State Funding ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Scientific Organizations ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Russian Medical ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

This article demonstrates that Russias funding for research and development is less than 2.5 % of global funding, whereas the amount of financing of just three countries, the USA, China, and Japan amounts to 50%. It is argued that the inadequacy of Russias domestic financing for the development of the science sector vis a vis that of developed countries allows the country to prioritize only a limited number of research fields in its scientific and technological development. We have compared and contrasted expenditures on research and development in biomedicine in the USA and Russia. It has been demonstrated that in 2014, basic funding for 27 research centers included in the US National Health Institutes network exceeded the amount of financing for 104 Russian medical scientific and research institutes subordinated to the Russian Ministry of Health and Federal Agency of Scientific Organizations by 173 times. We have concluded that a substantial increase in state funding for fundamental, exploratory, and applied research in the field of biomedicine is required if life sciences are to be preserved as one of the priorities in the scientific-technological and social development of Russia. It is also necessary to eliminate all administrative and tax barriers that prevent active participation of domestic industrial entities in the co-financing of the development of Russian drugs and medical equipment.

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