scholarly journals Position-related differences in morphological characteristics of U14 female handball players

Kinesiology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-242
Author(s):  
Lidija Bojić-Ćaćić ◽  
Dinko Vuleta ◽  
Dragan Milanović
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Calf Circumference ◽  
Leg Length ◽  
Body Dimensions ◽  
Univariate Anova ◽  
Three Components

The aim was to establish differences in morphological characteristics of 48 selected female younger cadet (U14) handball players (age 13.88±0.46 years) in the playing positions of wings, backs and pivots. The sample of variables embraced 24 morphological measures defining the already established four latent body dimensions. Univariate ANOVA revealed the significant global differences among the three groups of U14 players in 11 morphological measures. Between the backs and pivots no significant differences were established. The greatest differences between the pivots and wings were established in body height, leg length, arm length, ankle breadth, body weight and calf circumference (p<.01). The greatest differences between the wings and backs were established in four variables: body height, arm length, knee breadth and ankle breadth (p<.01). We endorse the interpretation that specificities of technical-tactical activities executed by backs and pivots in attack repose in the background of the established differences, that is, backs and pivots are exposed to more body contacts in attack in which they must overcome defenders’ resistance. In the sample of the Croatian U14 female handballers apparently no somatotypic component prevailed. However, a slightly larger contribution of endomorph component was perceived in the pivots’ body composition, which was in line with the general results of the entire age group. In U14 backs both the endomorph and mesomorph component were pronounced equally, whereas all the three components were of even values in the wings

scholarly journals Weight status and body composition analysis among Polish boys with autism spectrum disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-161
Author(s):  
Sylwia Trambacz-Oleszak
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Standard Deviations

Abstract Currently, autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are one of the main health care problems in both Poland and in other countries. There are limited studies on the physical growth and body composition among children and adolescents with ASD. Several studies have indicated that the prevalence of unhealthy weight is high among autistic patients. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity of Polish boys with ASD and to analyse body composition. A cross-sectional study was performed on 29 Polish boys aged 3–11 with autism. Anthropometric measurements were taken. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) was used to evaluate body composition. The percentile values and z-scores for body height, body weight and BMI were calculated. The CDC cut–points were used to determine weight status. Statistical analyses were performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25. 16.1% autistic boys had z-scores for body weight above two standard deviations, 12.9% had z-scores for body height above two standard deviations and z-scores for BMI above two standard deviations were found in 19.4% of the boys. 13.8% of autistic boys were underweight, 48.3% had healthy weight, 20.7% were overweight, and 17.2% were obese. The mean value of body fat percentage was 18.46%, and 16.1% of the boys with ASD had higher than normal fat tissue. There is a high prevalence of overweight and obesity among Polish boys with autism.

scholarly journals Relations of Morphological Characteristics and Aerobic Durability of Fudbalers of Different Age Categories // Relacije morfoloških karakteristika i aerobne izdržljivosti fudbalera različitih uzrasnih kategorija

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladan Pelemiš ◽  
Darijan Ujsasi ◽  
Danica Džinović ◽  
Dušan Josić
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Median Volume ◽  
Run Test ◽  
Shuttle Run

The aim of the study was to analyze if there is a connection between some anthropometric measrements and a test for assessing aerobic ability in footballers of different age categories. 65 players were subjected to these measurements, of which 25 players aged 13-14 years (pioneers); 20 players aged 15-16 years (cadets) and 20 players aged 17-18 years (juniors). By using standard anthropometric instruments, body height, body weight, median volume of the chest and aerobic endurance were measured using a 20m “shuttle run” test. Using linear regression analysis, it was found that there is no statistically significant effect of anthropometric variables on a variable (20m “shuttle run”) of all three age players. In these ages, obviously some other characteristics have more influence on the manifestation of aerobic ability. The results of the research can be used by experts in the field of sports in further planning and organizing training contents

scholarly journals Telesné zloženie a distribúcia tekutín u vrcholových hádzanárok

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-106
Author(s):  
Lucia Malá ◽  
Tomáš Malý ◽  
František Zahálka ◽  
Martin Tůma ◽  
Jaroslav Teplan
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Equal Proportion ◽  
Dead Weight ◽  
National Team ◽  
Multifrequency Bioimpedance

The topic of body composition in sport requires a great deal of attention. Excessive adipose tissue acts as a dead weight, especially in situations characteristic for handball – jumps, when body weight must be repeatedly lift ed against gravity during locomotion and jumping. Th e purpose of the study was to determine body composition and distribution of liquids in individual body segments in a national team of female handball players (n = 16, age 24,0±3,5 years, body height 176,0±6,5 cm, body weight 72,5±8,3 kg). Body composition was measured by means of a multifrequency bioimpedance method InBody (Biospace). Th e examined parameters were the following: absolute and relative amount of fat free mass (FFM and  FFM/BW), percentage of fat mass (FM), absolute and relative amount of body cell mass (BCM and BCM/TH), total body water (TBW) distinguishing extracellular water (ECW) and intracellular water (ICW) and distribution of body liquids in individual segments. In the monitored group, we recorded the mean value of TBW = 42,58±3,99. Th e mean value of ICW was 28,92±2,53 l (67.92 %). Th e mean value of ECW was 13.66±1,57 l (32,08 %). FM made 20,16 ± 4,08 %. FFM for the whole sample was 57,82±5,27 kg; in relative values it was 0,80±0,04. Th e mean proportion of BCM in the monitored group was 40,47±3,55 kg, in relative values 0,56 ± 0.03. Monitoring distribution of liquids in the extremities showed a signifi cant diff erence only in the upper extremities (t15 = 5,95; p 0,01). In the lower extremities, we found out an equal proportion of liquids with an insignifi cant diff erence between the observed segments (t15 = 0,41; p > 0,05). Individual parameters of body composition indicate values corresponding to elite sport. Interindividual assessment revealed diff erences in terms of player’s function; however, when assessing parameters of body composition, it is not possible to express clearly the trend in dep endence on player’s function. Results of our study may help as a certain top standard for comparison of body composition in female players of a lower performance level with the aim of optimization and compensation of diff erences.

scholarly journals A Kinematics Analysis Of Three Best 100 M Performances Ever

2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maćkała Krzysztof ◽  
Antti Mero
Keyword(s):  
Body Height ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Step Length ◽  
Stride Frequency ◽  
Leg Length ◽  
Step Frequency ◽  
Running Speed ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
Video Footage ◽  
Main Factor

The purpose of this investigation was to compare and determine the relevance of the morphological characteristics and variability of running speed parameters (stride length and stride frequency) between Usain Bolt’s three best 100 m performances. Based on this, an attempt was made to define which factors determine the performance of Usain Bolt's sprint and, therefore, distinguish him from other sprinters. We analyzed the previous world record of 9.69 s set in the 2008 Beijing Olympics, the current record of 9.58 s set in the 2009 Berlin World Championships in Athletics and the O lympic record of 9.63 s set in 2012 London Olympics Games by Usain Bolt. The application of VirtualDub Programme allowed the acquisition of basic kinematical variables such as step length and step frequency parameters of 100 m sprint from video footage provided by NBC TV station, BBC TV station. This data was compared with other data available on the web and data published by the Scientific Research Project Office responsible on behalf of IAAF and the German Athletics Association (DVL). The main hypothesis was that the step length is the main factor that determines running speed in the 10 and 20 m sections of the entire 100 m distance. Bolt’s anthropometric advantage (body height, leg length and liner body) is not questionable and it is one of the factors that makes him faster than the rest of the finalists from each three competitions. Additionally, Bolt’s 20 cm longer stride shows benefit in the latter part of the race. Despite these factors, he is probably able to strike the ground more forcefully than rest of sprinters, relative to their body mass, therefore, he might maximize his time on the ground and to exert the same force over this period of time. This ability, combined with longer stride allows him to create very high running speed - over 12 m/s (12.05 -12.34 m/s) in some 10 m sections of his three 100 m performances. These assumption confirmed the application of Ballerieich's formula for speed development. In most 10 m sections of the 100 m sprint, the step length was the parameter that significantly determined the increase of maximal running speed, therefore, distinguishing Bolt from the other finalists.

scholarly journals Phenotypic and morphometric characteristics of Bangkaew dog in Phitsanulok Province, Thailand

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suphawadee Yaemkong ◽  
PRAPASIRI JAIPONG ◽  
PATTHANUN KOTHAM ◽  
TUAN NGUYEN NGOC
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Morphometric Characteristics ◽  
Leg Length ◽  
Body Width ◽  
Black Color ◽  
Brown Color

Abstract. Yaemkong S, Jaipong P, Kotham P, Ngoc TN. 2019. Phenotypic and morphometric characteristics of Bangkaew dog in Phitsanulok Province, Thailand. Biodiversitas 20: 2877-2882. A research study was conducted to analyze phenotypic and morphometric characteristics of Bangkaew dogs in Mueang, Phromphirum, and Bangrakam districts, Phitsanulok Province, Thailand. In total, 54 Bangkaew dogs were randomly sampled by purposive sampling from 20 farmers between November 2018 and March 2019. The data consisted of nine phenotypic characteristics that were recorded visually and five morphometric characteristics that were obtained by using descriptive statistics and analysis of ANOVA to compare difference among means and correlation coefficients. Majority of the standard identities of Bangkaew dogs were according to the breed such as the guard coat around the face (100.00%), the guard coat around the neck or the chest coat (100.00%), the coat of belly (100.00%), the guard coat behind ears (100.00%), the lion’s leg shape (100.00%), the long coat from hip to the upper thigh (100.00%), and the plume tail (100.00%), except for the guard coat from the ruff around the shoulder (98.15%). Moreover, the coat of hair of Bangkaew dogs in this study was white-brown color (55.31%), followed by white-gray color (23.92%), white-black color (10.78%), brown color (6.44%), gray color (2.11%), and black color (1.44%), respectively. Least square means of males morphometric characteristics was significantly (p<0.05) greater than female body weight (21.44 ± 3.33 kg vs. 19.04 ± 3.01 kg), body height (49.52 ± 4.09 cm vs. 46.21 ± 5.30 cm) and leg length (38.64 ± 8.88 cm vs. 34.31 ± 5.75 cm), except for body width (19.48 ± 5.82 cm vs. 17.76 ± 4.24 cm; p>0.05), and for body length of females (55.76 ± 9.37 cm vs. 55.00 ± 7.18 cm; p>0.05) was superior to males of Bangkaew dogs. The correlations among morphometric characteristics such as body width vs. leg length, body length vs. body height, body weight vs. body height, body weight vs. body length, and body height vs. leg length, were 0.64, 0.56, 0.52, 0.34, and 0.33, respectively. These results implied that in order to conserve standard identities and improve morphometric characteristics, their typical characteristics such as structure, coat of hair and body size required by raisers should be considered in the breeding selection and mating system.

scholarly journals Stav antropometrických parametrov a telesného zloženia u detí mladšieho školského veku

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-27
Author(s):  
Tomáš Hadžega ◽  
Václav Bunc
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Body Height ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
School Age ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Frequency Apparatus

The aim of our observation was to measure selected anthropometric characteristics and to analyze actual body composition in children of younger school age from elementary schools in Prague. The group consisted of a total of 222 probands, boys (n-117) and girls (n-105) aged 8–11 years (average boys age = 9.0 ± 1.0 years, body height = 139.9 ± 8.6 cm, body weight = 32 ± 7.5 kg, BMI = 16.3 ± 2.4 kg.m–2). Average age girls = 8.9 ± 0.9 years, body height = 137.3 ± 8.8 cm, body weight = 30.5 ± 7.3 kg, BMI = 15.9 ± 2.4 kg.m–2). The BIA 2000 M multi-frequency apparatus (whole-body bioimpedance analysis) was used to analyze the body composition. Children of younger school age showed higher TBW values – total body water (boys 65.5 ± 6.0%, girls 66.6 ± 6.5%), low body fat (boys 16.1 ± 2.4%, girls 16.5 ± 2.9%) and higher ECM/BCM coefficients (boys 1.0 ± 0.13, girls 1.02 ± 0.11). The authors draws, attention to the importance of monitoring other body composition parameters. The percentage of fat-free mass (FFM) and the share of segmental distribution of body fat and muscle mass on individual parts of the human body.

scholarly journals Body composition and somatotype of judo athletes and untrained male students as a reference group for comparison in sport

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Buśko ◽  
Anna Pastuszak ◽  
Ewa Kalka
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Body Build ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
Judo Athletes

Summary Study aim: The aim of this study was to determine the body composition and somatotype of untrained male students studying at Warsaw University of Technology in 2011, in order to create a current reference group for comparison, and to investigate the difference in body build of male judoists compared with the non-athlete group.Materials and methods: Fifteen male judo athletes (age 18.6 ± 1.9 years, body height 177.4 ± 8.5 cm, body mass 80.3 ± 15.8 kg, training experience 10.0 ± 2.8) and 154 male untrained students of the Warsaw University of Technology (age 20.1 ± 0.9 years, body height 180.9 ± 7.2 cm, body mass 75.6 ± 10.9 kg) participated in the study. Somatotype was determined using the Heath- Carter method.Results: The mean somatotype of the untrained students was 3.94.62.9, whilst that of the judo athletes was 3.25.91.8; the groups differed significantly in their mesomorphy and ectomorphy components. Significant differences between the groups were found in breadth of wrist, bicristal diameter and arm circumference (p < 0.05). The groups were also significantly different in body composition as estimated by BIA and anthropometric methods (p < 0.05).Conclusion: The morphological characteristics of the judo athletes differed from those of the untrained men. The somatic profile of body build for athletes in this sport seems to be optimal for achieving high results, the somatotype not having changed since the 1990s.

scholarly journals Association between an IGF-I gene polymorphism and body fatness: differences between generations

2006 ◽  
Vol 154 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul G Voorhoeve ◽  
Elisabeth F C van Rossum ◽  
Saskia J te Velde ◽  
Jan W Koper ◽  
Han C G Kemper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Promoter Polymorphism ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
I Gene

Objective: A polymorphism near the promoter region of the IGF-I gene has been associated with serum IGF-I levels, body height and birth weight. In this study, we investigated whether this polymorphism is associated with body composition in young healthy subjects in two cohorts of different generations. Design: Observational study with repeated measurements. Methods: The study group consisted of two comparable young Dutch cohorts with a generational difference of around 20 years. The older cohort consisted of 359 subjects born between 1961 and 1965. Measurements were performed from 13 until 36 years of age. The younger cohort consisted of 258 subjects born between 1981 and 1989. Measurements were performed from 8 until 14 years of age. Height, body mass index (BMI), fat mass, fat-free mass, waist and hip circumference were compared between wild-type carriers and variant type carriers of the IGF-I polymorphism. Results: In the younger cohort, body weight, BMI, fat mass and waist circumference were significantly higher in female variant carriers of the IGF-I polymorphism. A similar trend was observed in male variant carriers. In contrast, these differences were not observed in the older cohort. Irrespective of genotype, the younger cohort showed a significantly higher total fat mass, body weight and BMI compared with the older cohort. Conclusions: Because the differences between both genotypes were small, it seems likely that the genetic variability due to this IGF-I polymorphism impacts only slightly on body composition. Importantly, our study suggested that associations between this IGF-I promoter polymorphism and body composition possibly reflect a gene–environmental interaction of this polymorphism and that an environment that promotes obesity leads to a slightly more pronounced fat accumulation in variant carriers of this IGF-I polymorphism.

scholarly journals Model for Prediction of the Weight and Height Measurements of Patients with Disabilities for Diagnosis and Therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-352
Author(s):  
Numan S. Dawood ◽  
◽  
Ruwaidah A. Mussttaf ◽  
Mayyadah Hasan Rhaif AL-Sahlanee ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
The Body ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
Leg Length ◽  
Established Method ◽  
Diagnosis And Therapy ◽  
Arm Span ◽  
Model Equations

Background: Accurate measurement of a patient’s height and weight is an essential part of diagnosis and therapy, but there is some controversy as to how to calculate the height and weight of patients with disabilities. Objective: This study aims to use anthropometric measurements (arm span, length of leg, chest circumference, and waist circumference) to find a model (alternatives) that can allow the calculation of the height and the body weight of patients with disabilities. Additionally, a model for the prediction of weight and height measurements of patients with disabilities was established. Method: Four hander patients aged 20-80 years were enrolled in this study and divided into two groups, 210 (52.5%) male and 190 (47.5%) female. Result: A significant correlation was noted between body height and arm span, as well as between body height and length of leg in all study groups. The body weight and the ratio of arm span or leg length to the sum of chest and waist circumferences were found to have a negative significant correlation. Model equations were derived to estimate the height and body weight according to anthropometric measurements. Conclusion: Anthropometric measurements can be used to create a model for calculating the body height and body weight of patients with disabilities and which can be considered an alternative to measurements that can be made on otherwise healthy subjects.

scholarly journals Principal component analysis of the conformation traits of Yankasa sheep

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Yakubu
Keyword(s):  
Body Height ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
The Body ◽  
Head Width ◽  
Principal Component Factor Analysis ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Leg Length

This study was preformed to evaluate the biometric traits of 227 Yankasa sheep in northern Nigeria under a multivariate approach. The body measurements taken were: withers height, rump height, body length, heart girth, tail length, face length, shoulder width, head width, rump width, ear length, foreleg length, hind leg length and rump length. The animals were divided into two age groups: <15.5 and 15.5 - 28.3 months old, respectively. General linear model was used to study age group effect while principal component factor analysis was performed to define body shape upon the correlation matrix of the thirteen body measurements. Age group significantly (P<0.05) affected the morphological characters except ear length. Pearson?s coefficients of correlation were positive and significant in both age groups. In <15.5 months old sheep, four principal components (factors) were extracted (ratio of variance = 89.27). The first factor accounted for 73.03% of the total variance and was interpreted as a measure of general size. The second factor which explained 7.61% of the generalized variance tended to describe flesh dimensions (shoulder width and rump width), while the third factor had its loadings for tail length and ear length. The fourth factor was influenced by head width. In 15.5-28.3 months old sheep, three factors (ratio of variance=75.21) were identified. These seven extracted factors could be considered in breeding programmes to improve body conformation of sheep since variation in meat traits was not associated with body height.

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