Investigations of socioeconomic factors associated with follow-up compliance with malaria treatment in Haiti

Objective. To identify factors affecting compliance with follow-up during treatment in confirmed malaria patients at two health centers in Haiti. Methods. A prospective observational study of malaria patients undergoing treatment over a six-week period. Patients’ return visits (follow-up visits) to the health centers for consultation in accordance with the physicians’ requests were recorded and used to determine compliance. Socioeconomic data were obtained from patient enrollment questionnaires and through post-treatment interviews. The management practices and procedures at the health centers to retain patients were also reviewed. Descriptive statistics and Spearman’s rank correlation were used to identify significant factors, which were used as variables in a logistic regression model. Results. Sixty-eight percent of the malaria patients completed follow-up, with higher compliance being recorded in the larger, more established health center of Leogane (67%) than Cite Soleil (33%). The patient socioeconomic profiles differed between the two health center locations by level of education, religious diversity, household size, and percentage of married individuals. Crude logistic regression analyses identified health center location (OR = 0.179 [95% CI 0.064, 0.504]) and household size (OR = 1.374 [95% CI 1.056, 1.787]) to be associated with compliance. The adjusted model only identified health center location (OR = 0.226 [95% CI 0.056, 0.918]) as significantly associated with compliance. Conclusion. Although patients’ household size may be important according to the crude logistic regression analysis, in the adjusted analysis the site location of the health center where patients receive treatment was identified as the only important factor associated with follow-up compliance in malaria patients during treatment in Haiti. This information might be helpful to improve treatment outcomes and contribute to the monitoring of antimalarial resistance in Haiti.

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Role of Chest X-Ray in Coronavirus Disease and Correlation of Radiological Features with Clinical Outcomes in Indian Patients

Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology ◽

10.1155/2021/6326947 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Satyanand Sathi ◽

Richa Tiwari ◽

Savita Verma ◽

Anil Kumar Garg ◽

Virendra Singh Saini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Hospital Stay ◽

Rank Correlation ◽

X Rays ◽

X Ray ◽

Radiological Features ◽

Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽

Spearman’S Rank Correlation Coefficient ◽

Discharged Patients ◽

Chest X Ray

Recent literature has reported that radiological features of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients are influenced by computed tomography. This study aimed to assess the characteristic chest X-ray features of COVID-19 and correlate them with clinical outcomes of patients. This retrospective study included 120 COVID-19 patients. Baseline chest X-rays and serial chest X-rays were reviewed. A severity index in the form of maximum radiological assessment of lung edema (RALE) score was calculated for each lung, and scores of both the lungs were summed to obtain a final score. The mean ± standard deviation (SD) and frequency (%) were determined, and an unpaired t test, Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient, and logistic regression analyses were performed for statistical analyses. Among 120 COVID-19 patients, 74 (61.67%) and 46 (38.33%) were males and females, respectively; 64 patients (53.33%) had ground-glass opacities (GGO), 55 (45.83%) had consolidation, and 38 (31.67%) had reticular-nodular opacities, with lower zone distribution (50%) and peripheral distribution (41.67%). Baseline chest X-ray showed a sensitivity of 63.3% in diagnosing typical findings of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. The maximum RALE score was 2.13 ± 1.9 in hospitalized patients and 0.57 ± 0.77 in discharged patients ( p value <0.0001). Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient between maximum RALE score and clinical outcome parameters was as follows: age, 0.721 ( p value <0.00001); >10 days of hospital stay, 0.5478 ( p value <0.05); ≤10 days of hospital stay, 0.5384 ( p value <0.0001); discharged patients, 0.5433 ( p value <0.0001); and death, 0.6182 ( p value = 0.0568). The logistic regression analysis revealed that maximum RALE scores (0.0932 [0.024–0.367]), (10.730 [2.727–42.206]), (1.258 [0.990–1.598]), and (0.794 [0.625–1.009]) predicted discharge, death, >10 days of hospital stay, and ≤10 days of hospital stay, respectively. The study findings suggested that the RALE score can quantify the extent of COVID-19 and can predict the prognosis of patients.

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Patient-reported outcomes after Silastic replacement of the trapezium for osteoarthritis

Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volume) ◽

10.1177/1753193411419433 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 37 (3) ◽

pp. 263-268 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

N. G. Burke ◽

J. Walsh ◽

C. J. Moran ◽

G. Cousins ◽

D. Molony ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rank Correlation ◽

Dominant Hand ◽

Work Related ◽

Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽

Trapeziometacarpal Osteoarthritis ◽

Patient Reported ◽

Outcome Scores ◽

And Function ◽

Mean Time

This retrospective study evaluated 69 Swanson trapezium replacements performed between 1990 and 2009 for trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis in 58 patients. Pain and function were assessed using the Michigan Hand Questionnaire and the Disability of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire. Patients had a mean age of 62 years at the time of surgery, with a mean time of 7.7 years (range 9 months to 19 years) from surgery to follow-up interview. There was no association between outcome scores and the length of follow-up, suggesting that the results are maintained over time (Spearman’s rank correlation test < ±0.2). Scores for activities of daily living and work-related activities were higher when surgery was on the dominant hand ( p < 0.05). Silicone trapezium replacement remains a good option for patients with painful trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis that has not responded to nonoperative management.

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Reference values for Lactate Pro 2™ in fetal blood sampling during labor: a cross-sectional study

Journal of Perinatal Medicine ◽

10.1515/jpm-2016-0027 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 45 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Brynhildur Tinna Birgisdottir ◽

Malin Holzmann ◽

Ingela Hulthén Varli ◽

Sofie Graner ◽

Sissel Saltvedt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lactate Concentration ◽

Rank Correlation ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

University Hospital ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽

Fetal Blood Sampling ◽

Conversion Equation

AbstractObjective:Lactate ProStudy design:A cross-sectional study was conducted at a university hospital in Sweden. A total of 113 laboring women with fetal heart rate abnormalities on cardiotocography (CTG) had FBS carried out. Lactate concentration was measured bedside with both LP1 and LP2 from the same blood sample capillary. A linear regression model was constructed to retrieve a conversion equation to convert LP2 values to LP1 values.Results:LP2 measured higher values than LP1 in all analyses. We found that 4.2 mmol/L with LP1 corresponded to 6.4 mmol/L with LP2. Likewise, 4.8 mmol/L with LP1 corresponded to 7.3 mmol/L with LP2. The correlation between the analyses was excellent (Spearman’s rank correlation, r=0.97).Conclusion:We recommend the following guidelines when interpreting lactate concentration in FBS with LP2: <6.4 mmol/L to be interpreted as normal, 6.4–7.3 mmol/L as preacidemia indicating a follow-up FBS within 20–30 min, and >7.3 mmol/L as acidemia indicating intervention.

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Pendampingan Kader Puskesmas Dalam Pengelolaan Limbah Rumah Tangga Sebagai Kompos

Dinamisia Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ◽

10.31849/dinamisia.v4i4.4159 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 643-648

Author(s):

Maksuk ◽

Lukman

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Center ◽

Community Health Centers ◽

Health Workers ◽

Health Centers ◽

Household Waste ◽

Bank Managers ◽

Working Groups ◽

Waste Bank

The cadres of public health center have an important role in managing of households in the community, therefore it is important to improve skills to manage such waste so that the waste can be utilized and beneficial. The method of managing household waste in this activity uses the concept of Pilah – Kumpul - Manfaat - Untung (PKMU) to reduce the volume of household waste and provide benefits to the community. Participants involved in this activity were health workers, kader of community health centers and the community of RT 14 and RT 33. The Achievement targets in this activity were to improve the ability of health workers and cadres to manage of household waste, use of household waste for the planting of medicinal plants, families and the formation of independent care working groups for batra activities in health center and the formation of waste bank managers. The results of this activity show that cadres and the community can use household waste as compost, in addition, household waste such as plastic can be reused. The follow up of this activity is the formation of a waste bank manager at the location of the activity.

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Blind Listening Evaluation of Steel String Acoustic Guitar Compensation Strategies

10.31219/osf.io/bqzf4 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

R.M. Mottola

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Rank Correlation ◽

Test Results ◽

Compensation Strategy ◽

Double Blind ◽

Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Acoustic Guitar ◽

Intonation Accuracy

A double blind multisample intonation rating test was administered to 32 experienced guitar players/guitar builders to test perceived effectiveness of some common steel string acoustic guitar intonation compensation strategies. The test used a randomized complete block design where each treatment was a typical guitar intonation compensation strategy. Each subject completed two sequentially presented sessions. Subjects were asked to rate intonation accuracy following audition of prepared sound clips. Each clip contained a short sequence of notes recorded from steel string acoustic guitar with either perfect intonation or tuning modified to fit the intonation profile of one of three typical guitar intonation compensation strategies: straight saddle compensation, individual string saddle compensation, or individual string saddle and nut compensation. Subject ratings indicate that all compensation strategies tested were equally effective. Analysis of test results by ANOVA did not indicate significant perceived differences for either session (p=0.596, p=0.286). Results of follow-up t-tests comparing intonation ratings for perfect intonation and the compensation treatment associated with the highest intonation errors (straight saddle compensation) also showed that these two treatments were equally effective in both sessions (p=0.137, p=0.359). Results of follow-up Bayesian estimation analyses comparing these two treatments also indicated no discernable difference for either session (session 1 difference of means 95% HDI: -1.31, 0.472; session 2 difference of means 95% HDI: -0.819, 1.13). Subjects’ correlation between ratings and actual intonation accuracy was determined by comparing ratings to intonation errors for each compensation strategy using Spearman's rank correlation. Rating correlation varied greatly among subjects (-1 ≤ ρ ≤ 0.949). The two subjects with the best overall correlations each gave identical ratings to two different strategies. These correlations showed low correlation to subject age and to years of guitar playing experience. These analyses suggest that all compensation strategies tested are equally successful.

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Management of Isoniazid Preventive Therapy in Southern Lima, Peru: An Analysis of Health Center Characteristics

10.21203/rs.3.rs-143791/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Roberto Zegarra-Chapoñan ◽

Lily Victoria Bonadonna ◽

Courtney M. Yuen ◽

Martha Brigida Martina-Chávez ◽

Jhon Zeladita

Keyword(s):

Health Center ◽

Preventive Treatment ◽

Preventive Therapy ◽

Health Centers ◽

Isoniazid Preventive Therapy ◽

Tuberculosis Patients ◽

Children And Adolescent ◽

Clinical Evaluations ◽

Critical Activity

Abstract Background: Prevention of TB through the use of preventive treatment is a critical activity in the elimination of TB. Health personnel are a key element in achieving proper management of isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) for TB contacts. This study aims to determine the association between health center characteristics and indicators of TB contact care management with isoniazid preventive therapy in southern Lima. Methods: We conducted an ecological study. Through the review of medical records, we identified children and adolescent contacts of tuberculosis patients, who initiated IPT between 2016 and 2018. We assessed bivariate associations between clinic staffing and IPT initiation and completion using binomial logistic regression with robust standard errors.Results: We included 977 contacts, among whom 69% took more than a week to start IPT and 41% did not complete IPT. For those who did successfully complete IPT, 58% were not medically evaluated with three follow-up appointments. While completion of IPT and 3 clinical appointments was better among health centers with more physicians and nurses, these differences were not statistically significant. Contact sex was associated with initiating IPT (p=0.005), and contact age was associated with completion of IPT (p=0.025) and completion of clinical evaluations (p=0.041). Conclusion: There are significant gaps in IPT management in health centers of southern Lima, Peru, but insufficient staffing of health centers may not be responsible. Further research is needed to identify how IPT management can be improved, including through improving training and staffing.

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Abstract W P259: ICH &FUNC Scores in the Ethnic/Racial Variations of Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ERICH) Study

Stroke ◽

10.1161/str.45.suppl_1.wp259 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 45 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Kevin N Sheth ◽

Gene Sung ◽

Carl D Langefeld ◽

Charles J Moomaw ◽

Jennifer Osborne ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽

Functional Outcome ◽

Rank Correlation ◽

Predictive Ability ◽

Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽

Hispanic Patients ◽

Chart Abstraction ◽

Ich Score ◽

Hispanic White

Introduction: The Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ICH) Score and Functional Outcome (FUNC) Score are prediction scales used to estimate outcome. These scales have not yet been validated in large minority cohorts. Our goal was to evaluate the predictive ability of the ICH and FUNC Score for white, black, and Hispanic patients. Methods: ERICH is an ongoing study of genetic and environmental risk factors for spontaneous ICH. The analysis included 847 cases enrolled prior to 1/1/2013 that had chart abstraction, baseline interview, CT imaging, GCS, and 3-month follow-up data available. Spearman’s rank correlation was used to assess the correlation between each score and 3-month modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score by ethnicity. Regression models were used to determine the predictive ability of each score. Results: Patients analyzed were 42% non-Hispanic black, 34% Hispanic, and 24% non-Hispanic white. Black and Hispanic subjects were younger compared with white subjects (p<.0001) and had higher proportions of deep ICH (p=.0013). Spearman’s rank correlations for ICH Score/FUNC Score and mRS at 3 months post ICH were 0.53/0.53 for black subjects, 0.66/0.63 for Hispanics, and 0.55/0.54 for whites. Both ICH and FUNC Scores had better predictive ability for minorities compared with whites (ICH Score, B = 0.87 black, 1.02 Hispanic, 0.76 white, p<.0001; FUNC Score, B = 0.56 black, 0.65 Hispanic, 0.49 white, p<.0001). Multiple regression demonstrated independent contributions by both scores for each ethnicity. Figure 1 demonstrates distribution of mortality by score. Conclusions: Both the ICH Score and FUNC Score were independently predictive of functional outcome at 3 months. Importantly, each score exhibits higher predictive ability in minority populations compared with whites. Whether or not this difference is attributed to minority status or baseline differences in age or ICH location requires further study.

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Is Continuity of Care Preserved in Children Who Utilize the Pediatric Emergency Department?

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.95.1.37 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 95 (1) ◽

pp. 37-41

Author(s):

Patrick M. Vivier ◽

William J. Lewander ◽

Stanley H. Block ◽

Peter R. Simon ◽

Anthony J. Alario ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Primary Care ◽

Emergency Department ◽

Inner City ◽

Health Center ◽

Continuity Of Care ◽

Pediatric Emergency ◽

Health Centers ◽

Pediatric Emergency Department ◽

Primary Care Site

Objective. Inner city families often use multiple sites for nonemergent medical care, including the pediatric emergency department. This practice raises concerns about continuity of care. The present study examined one aspect of continuity of care: Do children who receive care in a pediatric emergency department return to their primary care site so that appropriate follow up may be obtained? Methods. Over a 4-week period two groups of neighborhood health center children were studied: Those who sought care at the pediatric emergency department and those who were "walk-ins" at the health centers. All visits during the 4-week study period which resulted in a recommendation for the child to be seen within 6 weeks at the health centers were included in the analysis. Results. During the study period there were 87 patient visits to the pediatric emergency department with a documented physician instruction to be seen at their health center within 6 weeks. In 66 (76%) of the cases, the patient was seen at one of the health centers during the 6 weeks following the pediatric emergency department visit. There were 146 "walk-in" visits to the health centers with a documented physician instruction to be seen again at the health centers during the 6 weeks following the walk-in visit. In 111 (76%) of the cases, the patient was seen during the 6-week period. Conclusion. Our study shows that revisit rates were comparable for the two groups. We conclude that the rate of compliance with follow-up recommendations is similar for those who utilized the pediatric emergency department versus those who used the primary care site.

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Risk Aversion, Behavioral Finance and Green Bonds for the Sustainability of Environmental Assets in Peru

Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies ◽

10.22610/jebs.v12i6(j).3092 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (6(J)) ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Edelina Coayla

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Risk Aversion ◽

Behavioral Finance ◽

Negative Relationship ◽

Rank Correlation ◽

Fixed Income ◽

Study Objective ◽

Bond Rating ◽

Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽

The Relationship

The study objective is to investigate the relationship between behavioral finance and the decision to invest in green bonds for the sustainability of environmental assets in Peru. A survey with behavioral questions was applied to a sample of 54 respondents between July and October 2019. Spearman's rank correlation, independence tests, and logistic regression were used. Significant negative correlations were found between the level of education and risk aversion, and between age and risk aversion. A negative relationship was found between risk aversion and the feeling of comfort when investing in stock market instruments such as green bonds. Aversion to a loss in investment decisions was validated; most people choose low-risk fixed income instruments despite feeling safe investing in stocks. According to the logistic regression, the decision to invest in green bonds to improve environmental quality is explained by the variables “green bond rating” and “feeling of comfort (satisfaction) investing in green bonds.”

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Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices towards Lightning in Bangladesh

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su14010448 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 448

Author(s):

Md. Mostafizur Rahman ◽

Irtifa Alam Nabila ◽

Mohammed Sadman Sakib ◽

Nusrat Jahan Silvia ◽

Muhammad Abdullahil Galib ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Rank Correlation ◽

Good Knowledge ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Attitudes And Practices ◽

Preventive Practices ◽

Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽

Positive Attitudes ◽

Kap Survey ◽

Lightning Safety

Despite the significant number of fatalities and injuries, there is currently a lack of data on public knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding lightning in Bangladesh. This study aims to assess the public’s knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) towards lightning in the country. A total of 1641 individuals participated in an online KAP survey. Where appropriate, the Kruskal–Wallis or Mann–Whitney U test, Spearman’s rank correlation, and logistic regression models were performed. About 65% of the survey population reported frequent lightning; most (72.64%) did not receive any warning messages, and small proportions (22.12%) had lightning safety precautions. Individuals with numerous lightning experiences perceived considerably unsafe places against lightning compared to infrequent lightning experiences (p < 0.05). Respondents reported good knowledge (56.06%), positive attitudes (82.27%), and good preventive practices (72.33%). The logistic regression demonstrated that having good knowledge and positive attitudes can help people practice lightning safety. Females demonstrated better lightning attitudes and practices compared to males. In comparison to urban residents, rural residents had poor practices. In addition, individuals’ educational levels might also play a crucial role in preparing them for lightning. Overall, extensive lightning campaign activities combined with effective education are required for the behavioral changes in this lightning-vulnerable society.

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