scholarly journals Hydroethanolic leaf extract of Parthenium hysterophorus attenuates blood glucose in alloxan induced diabetic mice.

Food Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-77
Author(s):  
S. Bashir ◽  
S.A. Raza ◽  
M. Ahmad ◽  
M. Farhan ◽  
S. Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Parthenium Hysterophorus ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid

The Parthenium hysterophorus (P. hysterophorus) is used to treat diabetes mellitus in local medicinal system of Pakistan but very limited scientifically proved information is available in this context. The objective of this work was to evaluate the antioxidant and antidiabetic activity of P. hysterophorus leaf extract. The extraction was made with freeze drying assisted ultrasonication using 40%, 60% and 80% ethanol as solvent. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents were calculated. Antioxidant activity was determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay and α-glucosidase inhibitory assay was also performed. The in vivo hypoglycemic potential of leaf extract was determined in alloxan monohydrate induced diabetic mice. The 60% ethanolic extract exhibited comparatively higher phenolic and flavonoid contents with values of 105.44±2.55 mg GAE/g D.E and 41.50±2.25 mg RE/g D.E, respectively. The 60% extract also possessed lowest IC50 value of 87.55 μg/mL and 98.22 μg/mL for DPPH radical scavenging and α-glucosidase inhibition, respectively. The same extract substantially reduced the blood glucose level in alloxan induced diabetic mice and results were quite comparable with standard drug metformin. The extract dose of 450 mg/kg reduced the blood glucose level of diabetic mice from 268.05 mg/dL 137.88 mg/dL at the end of 28 days treatment. The findings confirmed the ethnopharmacological use of P. hysterophorus to treat and manage diabetes mellitus type 2. The experimental outcomes may be employed as pharmacological leads to treat diabetes mellitus and to develop functional foods with hypoglycemic attributes.

scholarly journals Assessment of In-vivo Anti-diabetic and Anti-diarrheal Effects of Flemingia stricta Roxb. Leaf.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahrear Biozid ◽  
Mohammad Nazmul Alam ◽  
Jainul Abeden ◽  
Faruk ◽  
Ahmad Ibtehaz Chowdhury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Standard Drug

Objective: To evaluate the anti-diabetic and anti-diarrheal activity of methanol extract of Flemingia stricta Roxb. (Fabaceae) leaf.Methods: In anti-diabetic study, the extract was administered to alloxan-induce diabetic mice at two concentrations (200mg/kg and 400mg/kg body weight) for acute (12 hours) and prolong treatments (15 days) and blood glucose levels (Blood glucose level) of diabetic mice were monitored at intervals of hours and days throughout the duration of treatment. Antidiarrheal test was conducted by castor oil induced diarrhea and enteropooling as well as intestinal motility in mice at three different concentration (100mg/kg, 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg body weight).Results: Treatment of alloxan induce diabetic mice with the extract caused a significant reduction in fasting blood glucose level of the diabetic mice both in acute (12 hours) and prolong treatment (15 days) and it was determined that the extract at both concentration (200mg/kg and 400mg/kg) showed the significant (P<0.05) hypoglycemic effect in comparison to the standard drug Metformin (10mg/kg). In the case of castor oil induced diarrheal test, enteropooling test and gastrointestinal motility test, the extract of F. stricta at 100mg/kg, 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg has given significant effect (P<0.05) in comparing to standard drug Loperamide (5mg/kg). Conclusion: These result suggested that the methanol extract of F. stricta Roxb. possess promising anti-diabetic effect on alloxan-induced mice and significant antidiarrheal effect on castor oil induced diarrheal mice.

scholarly journals The Activity of Wungu Leaf (Graptophyllum pictum (L) Griff) Extract in Reducing Blood Glucose Level of Hyperglycemic Mice

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-88
Author(s):  
Hayatul Rahmi ◽  
I Made Artika ◽  
Norman Razief Azwar ◽  
Djarot Sasongko Hami Seno ◽  
Waras Nurcholis
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Diethyl Ether ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Potential Use

Wungu leaf (Graptophyllum pictum (L.) Griff) is a plant thought to have potential use in alleviating symptoms of diabetes mellitus. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the activity of wungu leaf extracts in decreasing blood glucose level of alloxan (200 mg/kg BW)-induced hyperglycemic mice. Extracts of wungu leaf were obtained by macerating with ethanol and then partitioning the extract with diethyl ether, ethyl acetate, and butanol. Each extract obtained was used to treat hyperglycemic mice for 28 days. The results showed that wungu leaf extracts have the ability to decrease the blood glucose level of hyperglycemic mice (dose 50 mg/kg BW). The ethyl acetate extract showed the highest activity, bringing about a decrease of blood glucose of 37.6 %. The wungu leaf extract has the potential to be developed as a source of anti-diabetic agents.

scholarly journals Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic and antidiabetic activities of Cordia myxa L. leaves

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Enas R. Abdel-Aleem ◽  
Eman Z. Attia ◽  
Fatma F. Farag ◽  
Mamdouh N. Samy ◽  
Samar Y. Desoukey
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Cordia Myxa ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid

Abstract Background Many plants of genus Cordia are traditionally used as astringent, anti-inflammatory, anthelminthic, antimalarial, diuretic, febrifuge, appetite suppressant and cough suppressant and to treat urinary infections, lung diseases and leprosy. The aim of the study is to determine the total phenolic and flavonoid contents of total ethanol extract and different fractions of C. myxa L. leaves, in addition to evaluation of some pharmacological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic and antidiabetic effects. Methods Air dried powder of C. myxa leaves were extracted using 95% ethanol and fractionated successively with petroleum ether, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and finally with n-butanol. The fractions were concentrated and then investigated for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic and antidiabetic activities using phosphomolybidinum and DPPH assays, carrageenan-induced paw edema, hot plate, yeast -induced pyrexia and streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia methods, respectively. Results The ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest antioxidant activity with high phenolic and flavonoid contents (31.03 ± 0.15 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dried weight and 811.91 ± 0.07 mg rutin equivalent/g dried weight, respectively). Dichloromethane and ethyl acetate fractions exhibited higher anti-inflammatory activity with percentages of inhibition 45.16% and 40.26%, respectively, which were quite comparable to that of indomethacin (51.61%). The petroleum ether and dichloromethane fractions showed the highest analgesic activity with reaction time 289.00 ± 3.00 and 288.33 ± 20.82, respectively. Evaluation of antipyretic activity revealed that the total ethanol extract and different fractions showed high antipyretic activities after 2 h, which were very close to that of the standard acetyl salicylic acid with a rapid onset (30 min). The total ethanol extract and the petroleum ether fraction exhibited the most potent hypoglycemic effect with a significant reduction in blood glucose level especially after 3 h to 95.67 ± 5.77 mg/dl and 87.67 ± 10.26 mg/dl, respectively and percentages decrease in blood glucose level were 68.22% and 70.78%, respectively. Conclusion Cordia myxa L. extract and fractions exhibited antioxidant, anti-inflammatory analgesic, antipyretic and antidiabetic activities which may be attributed by the presence of active phytoconstituents.

scholarly journals Antidiabetic effect of Pterocarpus marsupium seed extract in gabapentin induced diabetic rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 371
Author(s):  
Sivanageswararao Mekala ◽  
Salum Seif Salum Mchenga ◽  
Saravanan R.
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Pterocarpus Marsupium ◽  
Standard Drug

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the most common type of diabetes. Diabetes mellitus is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among Indian population and all over the world with more than hundreds of millions of patients worldwide. Pterocarpus marsupium is a medicinal plant used in Ayurvedic system of medicine to control blood sugar and strong antidiabetic. The purpose of this study was to assess the hypoglycemic effect of the ethanolic extract of Pterocarpus marsupium seeds in diabetic rats.Methods: The present work was designed to evaluate the anti-hyperglycaemic activity of Pterocarpus marsupium seed extract (100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg) on gabapentin induced hyperglycaemia in wistar albino rats. Blood glucose level, serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and LDL cholesterol were evaluated in gabapentin induced diabetic rats. The results of the test drug were compared with the standard drug.Results: Ethanolic seed extract of Pterocarpus marsupium at 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg had significantly reduced the blood glucose level compared to disease control rats on day 1, 7, 14 and 21. Pterocarpus marsupium shows significant decrease in triglycerides levels, serum cholesterol levels, LDL levels and increased HDL levels, total protein levels compared to the disease control group.Conclusions: In conclusion, the present study shows that the ethanolic seed extract of Pterocarpus marsupium has potential antidiabetic action in gabapentin induced diabetic rats and the effect was found to be more similar to the standard drug metformin.

scholarly journals Assessment of β-Aescin Effect in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Model: Diabetic Hepatotoxicity Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 160-168
Author(s):  
Saumya Gupta ◽  
Megha Tiwari ◽  
Vishal Dubey
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Standard Drug

Objective - Diabetic hepatotoxicity involves complex events which include kupffer cell activation, formation of reactive oxygen species, cytokines release (TNF-α, IL-1β), and finally leads to hepatocyte death. “β- Aescin showed anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, gastroprotective and anti-oedema properties. The present study investigated the protective effect of β- Aescin in streptozotocin induced diabetic hepatotoxicity. Method - Female mice were divided into six groups, the first group served as the control, the second to sixth group received single i.p. dose of 90 mg/kg of STZ, the second group served as the untreated diabetic group, the third, fourth and fifth group received β- aescin intra-peritoneally at the dose of 0.9 mg/kg, 1.8 mg/kg and 3.6 mg/kg body weight respectively. The last sixth group was treated with 10 mg/kg glibenclamide i.p. for 14 days. A significant decrease in the blood glucose level was showed in β-aescin group as compared to the control group. Result - A significant increase of blood glucose level was observed in high and mid dose of β- aescin (3.6 mg/kg and 1.8 mg/kg respectively), standard drug (glibenclamide 10 mg/kg) groups as compared to control group. ROS generation was evaluated by using DCF-DA estimation method for the acute toxicity in liver tissue. Streptozotocin group showed more ROS generation in comparison to β- aescin group (3.6 mg/kg). Serum biochemical markers showed a significant decrease in β- aescin treated diabetic mice compared to untreated diabetic mice. Histopathological evaluation showed severe changes in untreated diabetic liver tissue marked by large number of inflammatory cells such as lymphocytes along with hepatic sinusoidal inflammation and hepatocyte necrosis whereas treated diabetic mice with β- aescin showed reduction in hepatotoxicity marked by regeneration changes of hepatocytes and mildly hepatocyte degeneration. Conclusion - In the study, β- aescin showed beneficial effects on the efficient properties of the liver and microscopic improvements in diabetic hepatotoxicity.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antidiabetic Activity of Ajuga integrifolia (Lamiaceae) Root Extract and Solvent Fractions in Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Molalegn Alene ◽  
Mohammedbrhan Abdelwuhab ◽  
Assefa Belay ◽  
Taklo Simeneh Yazie
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Aqueous Fraction ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes

Traditional healers and the community have used the roots of Ajuga integrifolia for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. It is not scientifically validated for its antidiabetic activity previously. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to determine the hypoglycemic and antidiabetic activity of Ajuga integrifolia. Ajuga integrifolia roots’ crude extract and solvent fractions were prepared. The doses of 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 400 mg/kg of crude root extract and solvent fractions were used on normoglycemic, oral glucose loaded, and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice models to determine their hypoglycemic and antihyperglycemic activities. The crude extract and solvent fractions’ effect on bodyweight was also evaluated on streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. A standard drug in all cases was glibenclamide (5 mg/kg), and the blood glucose level was measured by using a glucose meter. Data analysis was performed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 21. One-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s post hoc multiple comparison test was used to analyze the data. p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Hydromethanolic crude extract and its aqueous fraction of Ajuga integrifolia root showed a considerable blood glucose lowering activity at all doses. Both the repeated daily doses of the crude extract and the repeated daily doses of the aqueous fraction of Ajuga integrifolia root extract revealed the similar effect in lowering the fasting blood glucose level in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice models. It was also found that groups treated with the Ajuga integrifolia at the doses of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg showed significant ( p < 0.05 ) bodyweight improvement at the 14th day of treatment compared to the respective baseline bodyweight, and the diabetic control group showed significant ( p < 0.01 ) reduction in bodyweight at the 14th day compared to the baseline. This study revealed that crude extract and solvent fractions of Ajuga integrifolia root possess significant antidiabetic activity which supports its traditional use for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.

Glucose Levels and Outcome After Primary Intraventricular Hemorrhage

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
Rui Guo ◽  
Ruiqi Chen ◽  
Chao You ◽  
Lu Ma ◽  
Hao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Intraventricular Hemorrhage ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
History Of ◽  
Poor Outcomes ◽  
The Impact

Background and Purpose: Hyperglycemia is reported to be associated with poor outcome in patients with spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ICH), but the association between blood glucose level and outcomes in Primary Intraventricular Hemorrhage (PIVH) remains unclear. We sought to identify the parameters associated with admission hyperglycemia and analyze the impact of hyperglycemia on clinical outcome in patients with PIVH. Methods: Patients admitted to Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital with PIVH between 2010 and 2016 were retrospectively included in our study. Clinical, radiographic, and laboratory data were collected. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify independent predictors of poor outcomes. Results: One hundred and seventy patients were included in the analysis. Mean admission blood glucose level was 7.78±2.73 mmol/L and 10 patients (5.9%) had a history of diabetes mellitus. History of diabetes mellitus (P = 0.01; Odds Ratio [OR], 9.10; 95% Confidence Interval [CI], 1.64 to 50.54) was independent predictor of admission critical hyperglycemia defined at 8.17 mmol/L. Patients with admission critical hyperglycemia poorer outcome at discharge (P < 0.001) and 90 days (P < 0.001). After adjustment, admission blood glucose was significantly associated with discharge (P = 0.01; OR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.59) and 90-day poor outcomes (P = 0.03; OR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.58), as well as mortality at 90 days (P = 0.005; OR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.11 to 1.78). In addition, admission critical hyperglycemia showed significantly increased the incidence rate of pneumonia in PIVH (P = 0.02; OR, 6.04; 95% CI 1.27 to 28.80) even after adjusting for the confounders. Conclusion: Admission blood glucose after PIVH is associated with discharge and 90-day poor outcomes, as well as mortality at 90 days. Admission hyperglycemia significantly increases the incidence rate of pneumonia in PIVH.

scholarly journals A vércukorértékek nem feltétlenül jellemzik megfelelően a sejtanyagcsere-állapotot

2017 ◽  
Vol 158 (11) ◽  
pp. 409-417
Author(s):  
Kornél Simon ◽  
István Wittmann
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Cellular Metabolism ◽  
Transport Parameter ◽  
Metabolic State ◽  
Cellular Energy ◽  
Acute And Chronic Stress

Abstract: In clinical recommendations the normalized blood glucose level is declared as the main target in therapy of diabetes mellitus, i.e. the achievement of euglycemia is the main therapeutic goal. This approach suggests, that the normal blood glucose value is the marker of the normal carbohydrate metabolism (eumetabolism), and vice versa: hyperglycemia is associated with abnormal metabolism (dysmetabolism). However the question arises, whether identical blood glucose values do reflect the same intracellular biochemical mechanisms? On the basis of data published in the literature authors try to answer these questions by studying the relations between the short/longterm blood glucose level and the cellular metabolism in different clinical settings characterized by divergent pathophysiological parameters. The correlations between blood glucose level and cellular metabolism in development of micro-, and macroangiopathy, in the breakthrough phenomenon, as well as during administration of metabolic promoters, the discrepancies of relation between blood glucose values and cellular metabolism in type 1, and type 2 diabetes mellitus, furthermore association between blood glucose value and myocardial metabolism in acute and chronic stress were analyzed. Authors conclude, that the actual blood glucose values reveal the actual cellular metabolism in a very variable manner: neither euglycemia does mandatorily indicate eumetabolism (balance of cellular energy production), nor hyperglycemia is necessarily a marker of abnormal metabolic state (dept of cellular energy production). Moreover, at the same actual blood glucose level both the metabolic efficacy of the same organ may sharply vary, and the intracellular biochemical machinery could also be very different. In case of the very same longterm blood glucose level the metabolic state of the different organs could be very variable: some organs show an energetically balanced metabolism, while others produce a significant deficit. These inconsistencies between blood glucose level and cellular metabolism can be explained by the fact, that blood glucose value is a transport parameter, reflecting the actual steady state of glucose transport from the carbohydrate pools into the blood, and that from the blood into the tissues. Without knowing the speed of these transports of opposite direction, the blood glucose value per se can not reveal the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of cellular metabolism. Orv. Hetil., 2017, 158(11), 409–417.

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