scholarly journals Physical and Mechanical Properties of Cassava-Bamboo Composite Lumber

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 6-9
Author(s):  
Ros Syazmini Mohd Ghani ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Testing ◽  
Compression Test ◽  
Basic Density ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Bambusa Vulgaris ◽  
Physical Testing ◽  
Composite Lumber

The study was carried out to determine the physical and mechanical properties of composite lumber made from cassava (Mahinot esculenta Crantz) and bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris) in different ratios which is 100% cassava with 0% bamboo, 75% cassava with 25% bamboo, 50% cassava with 50% bamboo, 25% cassava with 75% bamboo and 0% cassava with 100% bamboo. The tests samples for determining the strength properties were divided into two categories namely mechanical testing and physical testing. Basic density of the samples was carried out for physical testing. The lowest basic density was in samples with 100% cassava which is 0.49 g/cm3 and highest in samples with 100% bamboo which is 0.68 g/cm3 . Two tests for the mechanical testing are bending test and compression test. In bending test, modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR) were both highest for samples with 100% bamboo which the reading of MOE was 16794.03 N/mm2 and 122.52 N/mm2 for MOR. Similar to the bending test, compression test is the highest for the samples with 100% bamboo which are 65.58 N/mm2 . From statistical analysis, the basic density, static bending can compression strength give significant value at 95% confidence interval.

scholarly journals The classical mechanics engineered of Bambusa vulgaris and Schizostachyum brachycladum

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-61
Author(s):  
Mohamad Saiful Sulaiman ◽  
Sitti Fatimah Mhd. Ramle ◽  
Rokiah Hashim ◽  
Othman Sulaiman ◽  
Mohd Hazim Mohamad Amini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Classical Mechanics ◽  
Basic Density ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Flexural Test ◽  
Thickness Swelling ◽  
Bambusa Vulgaris

Physical and mechanical properties of Bambusa vulgaris and Schizostachyum brachycladum wereinvestigated. The sample were classified into two different ages which are young and mature foreach culm of bamboo. The aim of this study to investigate the physical properties such as density,basic density, moisture content, water absorption and thickness swelling. Other than that, themechanical properties also help to determine their flexural test for modulus of rupture (MOR) andmodulus of elasticity (MOE). The method used to analyse physical and mechanical properties werefollowing the ISO standard. From this study, young Bambusa vulgaris has indicated the highercontent of moisture content, water absorption and thickness swelling with 67.66%, 2.69% and34.03%, respectively while mature Schizostachyum brachycladum has shown the higher value inbasic density, density, and flexural test for MOR and MOE with 876.33 kg/m3, 1084.49 kg/m3, 317.01 N/mm2 and 122986.18 N/mm2, respectively.

scholarly journals Decay Process Characteristics and Fungal Community Composition of Salix psammophila Sand Barriers in an Arid Area, Northern China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7590
Author(s):  
Xia Yang ◽  
Yumei Liang ◽  
Yong Gao ◽  
Ruidong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Basic Density ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Decay Process ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Mechanical Index

With the increase in setting years in deserts, Salix psammophila sand barriers with different degrees of lodging damage caused by decay are losing wind-prevention and sand-fixation properties. In this study, we focus on the change in chemical properties of soils, and physical and mechanical properties of plants along different setting years; meanwhile, the change in fungal communities has been analyzed using high-throughput sequencing technology. The results show that a change in physical and mechanical properties and the loss of primary chemical components led to the degradation of the protective properties of the barrier to different degrees. After five years of setting, the physical parameters of basic density and shrinkage rate decreased by 44.04% and 28.68%, respectively, and the loss of the modulus of rupture mechanical index declined by 62.72%. After seven years of setting, the mechanical indexes of the modulus of rupture decreased by 76.95%. Five and seven years represented important inflection points in the decay process. Sordariomycetes (53.75%) and Eurotiomycetes (19.78%) were the main fungal groups present during the decay of the sand barrier. The basic density, moisture content, cellulose, and lignin of the sand barrier were the main driving factors affecting the distribution of fungal communities. The mechanism on fungal community to the decay of sand barriers still needs further studies to keep the function of sand barriers in fragile desert ecosystems.

scholarly journals Properties of Malaysian Solid Coco-Lumber

CORD ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Khairul, M.
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Outer Part ◽  
Basic Density ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Furniture Industry ◽  
Absorption Properties ◽  
Dry Conditions

Solid coco-lumber is relatively a new raw material in Malaysia’s furniture industry. However, different situations can be seen in the Philippines and Indonesia as they are actively producing and marketing coconut wood-based products. In this study, the physical and mechanical properties such as moisture content, basic density, Modulus of Rupture (MOR), Modulus of Elasticity (MOE), shear stress, compression parallel to the grain, thickness swelling and water absorption properties of Malaysian solid coco-lumber were determined. The solid coco-lumber was divided into inner and outer parts and were tested under two different conditions i.e. green and air-dry conditions. The study showed that the physical and mechanical properties of the air-dried outer part of the solid coco-lumber were 50% higher compared to the inner part under both conditions. The results proved that the properties of coconut wood tested are very useful to the emerging coco-lumber based furniture industry in Malaysia.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KELAYAKAN SIFAT FISIK DAN MEKANIK KOMPOSIT GIPSUM BERPENGUAT SERAT ALAM SISAL SUMBAWA SEBAGAI PAPAN PLAFON

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
Asywendi Rukini
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Sisal Fiber ◽  
Fiber Direction ◽  
Sisal Fibre ◽  
Fibre Amplifier ◽  
Physical Testing ◽  
Discontinuous Fiber

The gypsy composite ceiling of the sisal fibre amplifier is a potential environmentally friendly alternative replacing the commercial gyssum without fiber or a gypsy sum reinforcing fiber synthesis. In this study, manufactured a gypsy composite ceiling of a Sumbawa sisal fiber with a faction composition of the volume of 65% of a gypsy, cement 29% and sisal fiber 6%. The direction of fiber is variated with four conditions namely continuous fibre (SC) fiber woven (SW), discontinuous fibre (SDC) and hybrid fiber (SH). As a comparison of the use of Gypsy board without fiber with a fraction of the volume of a gypsy 65% and cement 35%. Then carried out physical testing (density test and water absorption) and mechanical testing of broken forces (modulus of rupture/MOR) and bending strength (modulus of elasticity/MOE). The results of physical testing showed an increase in the the density of a gypsy board of the 1.17 g/cm3 to ± 1.71 g/cm3 after reinforced fiber and absorbent water ± 42.76% for all fiber board. For the mechanical properties of MOR and MOE the highest value is produced by specimen with a directional continuous fiber direction (SC) of 10.58 MPa and 3890.6 MPa. And the lowest is owned specimen with a random discontinuous fiber direction (SDC) of 5.05 MPa and 1530.2 MPa. However, the value of fracture and bending of the SDC specimen is still higher than the commercial gypsy board without fiber. Feasibility analysis is performed by comparing the physical and mechanical properties of JIS A 5417-1992 and ISO 8336-2017 standards.

scholarly journals Physical and Mechanical Properties of Fast Growing Polyploid Acacia Hybrids (A. auriculiformis × A. mangium) from Vietnam

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 717
Author(s):  
Dang Duc Viet ◽  
Te Ma ◽  
Tetsuya Inagaki ◽  
Nguyen Tu Kim ◽  
Nghiem Quynh Chi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Equilibrium Moisture Content ◽  
Compression Strength ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Basic Density ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Acacia Auriculiformis

Acacia plants are globally important resources in the wood industry, but particularly in Southeast Asian countries. In the present study, we compared the physical and mechanical properties of polyploid Acacia (3x and 4x) clones with those of diploid (2x) clones grown in Vietnam. We randomly selected 29 trees aged 3.8 years from different taxa for investigation. BV10 and BV16 clones represented the diploid controls; X101 and X102 were the triploid clones; and AA-4x, AM-4x, and AH-4x represented neo-tetraploid families of Acacia auriculiformis, Acacia mangium, and their hybrid clones. The following metrics were measured in each plant: stem height levels, basic density, air-dry equilibrium moisture content, modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE), compression strength, and Young’s modulus. We found that the equilibrium moisture content significantly differed among clones, and basic density varied from pith-to-bark and in an axial direction. In addition, the basic density of AA-4x was significantly higher than that of the control clones. Furthermore, the MOR of AM-4x was considerably lower than the control clones, whereas the MOE of X101 was significantly higher than the control values. The compression strength of AM-4x was significantly lower than that of the control clones, but AH-4x had a significantly higher Young’s modulus. Our results suggest that polyploid Acacia hybrids have the potential to be alternative species for providing wood with improved properties to the forestry sector of Vietnam. Furthermore, the significant differences among the clones indicate that opportunities exist for selection and the improvement of wood quality via selective breeding for specific properties.

scholarly journals PENGARUH WAKTU PERENDAMAN DALAM AIR, KADAR PATI DAN KADAR LIGNIN TERHADAP SIFAT FISIK DAN MEKANIK BAMBU AMPEL (Bambusa vulgaris Schard)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Abdurachman Abdurachman ◽  
Agus Ismanto
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Immersion Time ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Running Water ◽  
Bambusa Vulgaris

The effect of immersion time in the water, starch and lignin content physical and mechanical properties of Ampel bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris Schard)The studied effect of immersion time in the water on physical and mechanical properties of ampel bamboo had been studied  at the Forest Products Research and Development Center Bogor. Round Bamboo of ampel species (Bambusa vulgaris Schard) a length of 50 cm was immersed in running water, stagnant and in the sludge for 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. Then the changes in starch and lignin content, physical and mechanical properties were evaluated. The physical properties studied were evaluated density and moisture content, while mechanical properties were bending and parallel tensile strength of fiber. The results showed that the media and immersion time significantly affect the density and moisture content, but did not affect the physical and mechanical properties. Increased starch content in a variety of treatments, especially on immersion in water, otherwise the lignin content decreases, causing a decrease in the nature of Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) and Modulus of Rupture (MOR). Immersion in stagnant water better than by soaking in the mud and in running water.Keywords: Bambusa vulgaris Schard,  media, immersion time, physical and mechanical properties ABSTRAKPenelitian pengaruh waktu perendaman dalam air terhadap sifat fisik dan mekanik bambu ampel (bambusa vulgaris) telah dilakukan di Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan Bogor. Bambu bulat berukuran panjang 50 cm direndam dalam air mengalir, tergenang dan lumpur selama 7, 14, 21 dan 28 hari, kemudian diamati perubahan kadar pati,diuji sifat fisik dan mekaniknya. Sifat fisik yang diteliti adalah kerapatan dan kadar air, sedangkan sifat mekanik adalah keteguhan lentur dan tarik sejajar serat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media dan waktu rendaman berpengaruh nyata terhadap kerapatan dan kadar air, tetapi tidak berpengaruh terhadap sifat fisis dan mekanis bambu yang diteliti. Kadar pati meningkat pada berbagai perlakuan terutama pada rendaman dalam air mengalir, sebaliknya kandungan lignin menurun sehingga menyebabkan penurunan sifat Modulus elastisitas (MOE) dan keteguhan lentur maksimum (MOR). Perendaman dalam air tergenang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan cara perendaman dalam lumpur maupun dalam air mengalir.Kata kunci : Bambusa vulgaris Schard, media, waktu perendaman, sifat fisis dan mekanis

Impact of Chemical Modification on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Tropical Wood Material

2012 ◽  
Vol 576 ◽  
pp. 314-317
Author(s):  
Sinin Hamdan ◽  
M. Saiful Islam
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Diazonium Salt ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Coupling Reaction ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ir Analysis ◽  
D Values ◽  
Benzene Diazonium

Five types of selected tropical light hardwoods were chemically modified with benzene diazonium salt to improve their physical and mechanical properties. Benzene diazonium salt underwent a coupling reaction with wood which was confirmed through FT-IR analysis. The compressive modulus of the treated wood increased, whereas modulus of rupture was shown to decrease on treatment. The modified wood samples had higher hardness (Shore D) values compared to that of the control ones.

scholarly journals Composites from Thermoplastic Natural Rubber Reinforced Rubberwood Sawdust: Effects of Sawdust Size and Content on Thermal, Physical, and Mechanical Properties

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chatree Homkhiew ◽  
Surasit Rawangwong ◽  
Worapong Boonchouytan ◽  
Wiriya Thongruang ◽  
Thanate Ratanawilai
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Shore Hardness ◽  
Thermoplastic Natural Rubber ◽  
Plastic Content

The aim of this work is to investigate the effects of rubberwood sawdust (RWS) size and content as well as the ratio of natural rubber (NR)/high-density polyethylene (HDPE) blend on properties of RWS reinforced thermoplastic natural rubber (TPNR) composites. The addition of RWS about 30–50 wt% improved the modulus of the rupture and tensile strength of TPNR composites blending with NR/HDPE ratios of 60/40 and 50/50. TPNR composites reinforced with RWS 80 mesh yielded better tensile strength and modulus of rupture than the composites with RWS 40 mesh. The TPNR/RWS composites with larger HDPE content gave higher tensile, flexural, and Shore hardness properties and thermal stability as well as lower water absorption. The TPNR/RWS composites with larger plastic content were therefore suggested for applications requiring high performance of thermal, physical, and mechanical properties.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF THERMO-MECHANICAL TREATMENT ON PROPERTIES OF PARICA PLYWOODS (Schizolobium amazonicum Huber ex Ducke)

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mírian de Almeida Costa ◽  
Cláudio Henrique Soares Del Menezzi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Treatment ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
The Other ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Thermal Treatments ◽  
Mechanical Compression ◽  
Specific Mass ◽  
Thermo Mechanical Treatment ◽  
Temperature And Pressure

ABSTRACT Thermo-mechanical treatment is a technique for wood modification in which samples are densified by means of heat and mechanical compression, applied perpendicularly to fibers, which under different combinations of time, temperature, and pressure increases wood density and thus improve some of its properties. This study aimed to treat thermo-mechanically parica plywood and observe the effects on its physical and mechanical properties. Specimens were submitted to two treatments, 120 and 150 ºC, remaining under pressure for seven minutes and, subsequently, under zero pressure for 15 minutes. Results showed a significant increase in specific mass from 0.48 g cm-3 to an average of 0.56 g cm-3, and a compression ratio of about 31.7% on average. Physical properties also varied significantly and results showed that treated samples swelled and absorbed more water than those untreated, leading to a greater thickness non-return rate. This indicates the proposed thermal treatments did not release the internal compressive stress generated during panel pressing, not improving its dimensional stability as a result. On the other hand, mechanical properties were positively affected, leading to an increase of 27.5% and 51.8% in modulus of rupture after treatments at 120 and 150 ºC, respectively. Modulus of elasticity and glue-line shear strength did not vary statistically and Janka hardness was 29.7% higher after treatment at 150 ºC.

scholarly journals Determination of Physical and Mechanical Properties of Three-layer Boards of Teak (Tectona grandis), Seike (Cedrelinga catenaeformis) and Mascarey (Hieronima alchorneoides), Company PISMADE S.A., Riobamba Canton, Chimborazo Province

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Criollo Barahona ◽  
D. Román Robalino ◽  
E. Cabezas ◽  
E. Salazar Castañeda
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compression Test ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Hyeronima Alchorneoides ◽  
Commercial Use ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Thickness Measurements

The present investigation aims to determine the physical and mechanical properties in three-layer boards of Teak (Tectona grandis), Seike (Cedrelinga catenaeformis) and Mascarey (Hieronima alchorneoides), from the PISMADE S.A. Company, Canton Riobamba, province of Chimborazo. The three specimens used for each of the species in each of the tests performed were worked on using the ASTM D143-94 standard for the tests of parallel compression, perpendicular compression and flexion, and the DIN-52182 standard, with the main variation in thickness measurements caused by the commercial use established by the company. Mechanical tests showed that Seike had the best results, being superior in two tests: perpendicular compression and flexion. Teak tests gave us results that were superior in the perpendicular compression test. Mascarey, unlike the two species mentioned above, had complications during the trials due to problems with the glue between layers. Keywords: physical and mechanical properties of wood, three-layer boards. Resumen La presente investigación pretende: Determinar las propiedades físicas y mecánicas en tableros tricapa de Teca, Seike (Cedrelinga catenaeformis) y Mascarey (Hyeronima alchorneoides), Empresa PISMADE S.A., cantón Riobamba, provincia de Chimborazo; para lo cual se utilizaron 3 probetas por cada una de las especies en cada uno de los ensayos realizados, las mismas fueron trabajadas con base a la Norma ASTM D143-94 para las pruebas de compresión paralela, compresión perpendicular y flexión y la Norma DIN-52182, teniendo como principal variación en las medidas de espesor debido al uso comercial establecido por la empresa. Las pruebas mecánicas mostraron que Seike tuvo los mejores resultados al ser superior en dos ensayos: Compresión perpendicular y flexión. Los ensayos con Teca nos dieron como resultados que es superior en el ensayo de compresión perpendicular. Mascarey a diferencia de las dos especies mencionadas anteriormente tuvo complicaciones con los ensayos debido a problemas con el pegamento entre capas. Palabras clave: propiedades físicas y mecánicas de la madera, tableros tricapa.

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