scholarly journals The Convergence Between Cultural Psychology and Developmental Science: Acculturation as an Exemplar

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
SJ Schwartz ◽  
Á Szabó ◽  
A Meca ◽  
Colleen Ward ◽  
CR Martinez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Cultural Psychology ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Developmental Science ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Level Versus ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Legal Immigrants

© Copyright © 2020 Schwartz, Szabó, Meca, Ward, Martinez, Cobb, Benet-Martínez, Unger and Pantea. The present article proposes an integration between cultural psychology and developmental science. Such an integration would draw on the cultural-psychology principle of culture–psyche interactions, as well as on the developmental-science principle of person↔context relations. Our proposed integration centers on acculturation, which is inherently both cultural and developmental. Specifically, we propose that acculturation is governed by specific transactions between the individual and the cultural context, and that different types of international migrants (e.g., legal immigrants, undocumented immigrants, refugees, asylum seekers, crisis migrants) encounter quite different culture–psyche interactions and person↔context relations. We outline the ways in which various acculturation-related phenomena, such as acculturation operating at macro-level versus micro-level time scales, can be viewed through cultural and developmental lenses. The article concludes with future directions in research on acculturation as an intersection of cultural and developmental processes.

scholarly journals The Convergence Between Cultural Psychology and Developmental Science: Acculturation as an Exemplar

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
SJ Schwartz ◽  
Á Szabó ◽  
A Meca ◽  
Colleen Ward ◽  
CR Martinez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Cultural Psychology ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Developmental Science ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Level Versus ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Legal Immigrants

© Copyright © 2020 Schwartz, Szabó, Meca, Ward, Martinez, Cobb, Benet-Martínez, Unger and Pantea. The present article proposes an integration between cultural psychology and developmental science. Such an integration would draw on the cultural-psychology principle of culture–psyche interactions, as well as on the developmental-science principle of person↔context relations. Our proposed integration centers on acculturation, which is inherently both cultural and developmental. Specifically, we propose that acculturation is governed by specific transactions between the individual and the cultural context, and that different types of international migrants (e.g., legal immigrants, undocumented immigrants, refugees, asylum seekers, crisis migrants) encounter quite different culture–psyche interactions and person↔context relations. We outline the ways in which various acculturation-related phenomena, such as acculturation operating at macro-level versus micro-level time scales, can be viewed through cultural and developmental lenses. The article concludes with future directions in research on acculturation as an intersection of cultural and developmental processes.

scholarly journals The Convergence Between Cultural Psychology and Developmental Science: Acculturation as an Exemplar

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
SJ Schwartz ◽  
Agnes Szabo ◽  
A Meca ◽  
Colleen Ward ◽  
CR Martinez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Cultural Psychology ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Developmental Science ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Level Versus ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Legal Immigrants

© Copyright © 2020 Schwartz, Szabó, Meca, Ward, Martinez, Cobb, Benet-Martínez, Unger and Pantea. The present article proposes an integration between cultural psychology and developmental science. Such an integration would draw on the cultural-psychology principle of culture–psyche interactions, as well as on the developmental-science principle of person↔context relations. Our proposed integration centers on acculturation, which is inherently both cultural and developmental. Specifically, we propose that acculturation is governed by specific transactions between the individual and the cultural context, and that different types of international migrants (e.g., legal immigrants, undocumented immigrants, refugees, asylum seekers, crisis migrants) encounter quite different culture–psyche interactions and person↔context relations. We outline the ways in which various acculturation-related phenomena, such as acculturation operating at macro-level versus micro-level time scales, can be viewed through cultural and developmental lenses. The article concludes with future directions in research on acculturation as an intersection of cultural and developmental processes.

Dialecticism across the Lifespan: Towards a Deeper Understanding of the Ontogenetic and Cultural Factors Influencing Dialectical Thinking and Emotional Experience

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Grossmann
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Cultural Psychology ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Developmental Models ◽  
Empirical Inquiry ◽  
Cultural Processes ◽  
Dialectical Thought

Before dialecticism became a topic of empirical inquiry in cultural psychology, scholars in related disciplines has discussed dialecticism as a model of human development, as an essential component of maturity and wisdom. This review chapter bridged these two perspectives, comparing conceptualizations of dialecticism in developmental and cultural psychology. After reviewing historical portrayals of dialecticism in various philosophical traditions, this chapter provides comparison of historical characterizations with the contemporary treatment of dialecticism in human development and cultural psychology. Both streams -- developmental and cross-cultural -- are proposed as essential for an integral understanding of the construct. Subsequently, the chapter discusses the emerging developmental models of dialecticism across the lifespan and reviews the accompanying empirical evidence, situating it in a cross-cultural context. It concludes with an outline of future directions of research on dialectical thought, with attention to psychological and socio-cultural processes engendering dialecticism across the lifespan.

Dialecticism across the Lifespan

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Grossmann
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Cultural Psychology ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Developmental Models ◽  
Empirical Inquiry ◽  
Sociocultural Processes ◽  
Dialectical Thought

Before dialecticism became a topic of empirical inquiry in cultural psychology, scholars in related disciplines had discussed dialecticism as a model of human development, as an essential component of maturity and wisdom. This chapter bridges these two perspectives, comparing conceptualizations of dialecticism in developmental and cultural psychology. After reviewing historical portrayals of dialecticism in various philosophical traditions, the chapter provides a comparison of historical characterizations with the contemporary treatment of dialecticism in human development and cultural psychology. Both streams—developmental and cross-cultural—are proposed as essential for an integral understanding of the construct. Subsequently, the chapter discusses the emerging developmental models of dialecticism across the lifespan and reviews the accompanying empirical evidence, situating it in a cross-cultural context. It concludes with an outline of future directions of research on dialectical thought, with attention to psychological and sociocultural processes engendering dialecticism across the lifespan.

The rise and endurance of radical right movements

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 918-935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuela Caiani
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Radical Right ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Leadership Communication ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Shed Light

This article reviews the scholarship on radical right movements in Europe. It focuses on three strands of this literature: first, the macro-level contextual opportunities-based explanations for the fortunes of these movements; second, internal supply-side approaches, referring to the internal organizational resources – leadership, communication and propaganda – that support the mobilization; and third, the individual (micro-level) factors of the emergence and the rise of radical right movements. The goal is to shed light on all these different approaches to explain the ‘Who’, ‘When’, ‘How’ and ‘Why’ of the emergence and (violent) mobilization of radical right groups, using empirical evidence drawn from various case studies in Western, Eastern and Central Europe. This is a topic often neglected in the academic literature on the radical right, which still focuses mainly on political parties and elections. The article concludes by discussing possible future directions for radical right movement research, including the transnationalization of the radical right, the usage of the Internet and radical right ‘movement parties’.

On the Individual

1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 205-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Magnusson
Keyword(s):  
School Psychologist ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Developmental Research ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Over Time

A description of two cases from my time as a school psychologist in the middle of the 1950s forms the background to the following question: Has anything important happened since then in psychological research to help us to a better understanding of how and why individuals think, feel, act, and react as they do in real life and how they develop over time? The studies serve as a background for some general propositions about the nature of the phenomena that concerns us in developmental research, for a summary description of the developments in psychological research over the last 40 years as I see them, and for some suggestions about future directions.

THE SCIENCE OF JUDICIAL PSYCHOLOGY

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-87
Author(s):  
Petru TĂRCHILĂ
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Scientific Explanation ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Psychosocial Characteristics ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Behavioral Profile ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Determining Factor ◽  
Determinant Factor

Judicial psychology is the science that analyzes and tries to understand the criminal phenomenon in general and its determinant factor in particular, by the complexity of factors that generate it and by the diversity of its forms of manifestation. Although the determining factor of criminal behavior is always subjective being generated by the psychic of the offender, this aspect must be correlated with the context in which it manifests itself: social, economic, cultural context etc. Judicial psychology investigates the behavior of the individual in all its aspects, seeking a scientific explanation of the mechanisms and factors enhancing criminal favors, thus enabling the identification of the preventive measures to be taken to reduce the categories of offenses. It studies the psycho-behavioral profile of the offender, identifying the causes that determined its behavior in order to take preventive measures.The domain of judicial psychology is mainly deviance, conduct that departs from the moral or legal norms that are dominant in a given culture. The object of judicial psychology is the criminal act, correlated with the psychosocial characteristics of the participants in the judicial action (offender, victim, witness, investigator, magistrate, lawyer, civil party, educator, etc.). The science of judicial psychology also analyzes how these characteristics appear and manifest themselves in concrete and special conditions of their interaction in three phases of the criminal act: the pre-criminal phase, the actual criminal phase and the post-criminal phase.

Perceived marketization in Poland: Translating key concepts of institutional anomie theory to the micro level

2021 ◽  
pp. 147737082199685
Author(s):  
Jacek Bieliński ◽  
Andreas Hövermann
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Institutional Anomie Theory ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Anomie Theory ◽  
Representative Random Sample ◽  
Order Factor ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
The Individual

Institutional anomie theory (IAT) describes the potentially criminogenic impact of economically dominated social institutions. Although originally cast at the macro level of society, more efforts have emerged lately to capture the IAT framework on the individual level, resulting in a need for appropriate measures representing the presumed marketization processes. Our study addresses this need by offering a theoretically derived, comprehensive measure of the individual-level instantiation of an anomic culture depicted in IAT, that is, ‘marketized mentality’. Structural equation models testing for the single higher-order factor marketized mentality are calculated with a representative random sample of Poland’s population. Finally, the implications and limitations resulting from the analyses are discussed.

Risk Evaluation for Conflicts between Crossing Pedestrians and Right-Turning Vehicles at Intersections

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110318
Author(s):  
Feifei Xin ◽  
Xiaobo Wang ◽  
Chongjing Sun
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Management ◽  
Traffic Signals ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Video Information ◽  
Fuzzy Clustering Method ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Conflict Risk ◽  
And Control ◽  
Deceleration Time

In recent years, conflicts between crossing pedestrians and right-turning vehicles have become more severe at intersections in China, where right-turning vehicles are usually not controlled by traffic signals. This study proposes a quantitative method for evaluating the conflict risk between pedestrians and right-turning vehicles at intersections based on micro-level behavioral data obtained from video detection. A typical intersection in Shanghai was selected as the study site. In total, 670 min of video were recorded during the peak hours from 7:30 a.m. to 9:30 p.m on one day. After processing the video information, vehicle and pedestrian tracking data were obtained, including the velocity, acceleration, deceleration, time, and location coordinates. Based on these data, several conflict indicators were proposed and these indicators were extracted automatically using MATLAB to identify pedestrian–right-turning vehicle conflicts and to determine the severity of the conflicts identified. This process identified 93 examples of such conflicts. The conflict risks were quantitatively classified using the K-means fuzzy clustering method and all of the conflicts were assigned to five grades. The characteristics of the conflict distribution and the severity of different types of conflict were also analyzed, which showed that conflicts on different areas on the crosswalk differed in their severity. Based on the conclusions, practical traffic management and control measures are proposed to reduce the risk on pedestrian crossings.

scholarly journals Selected In Situ Hybridization Methods: Principles and Application

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 3874
Author(s):  
Dominika Veselinyová ◽  
Jana Mašlanková ◽  
Katarina Kalinová ◽  
Helena Mičková ◽  
Mária Mareková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Probe Design ◽  
Rapid Progress ◽  
In Situ Techniques ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Laboratory Procedures ◽  
The Individual

We are experiencing rapid progress in all types of imaging techniques used in the detection of various numbers and types of mutation. In situ hybridization (ISH) is the primary technique for the discovery of mutation agents, which are presented in a variety of cells. The ability of DNA to complementary bind is one of the main principles in every method used in ISH. From the first use of in situ techniques, scientists paid attention to the improvement of the probe design and detection, to enhance the fluorescent signal intensity and inhibition of cross-hybrid presence. This article discusses the individual types and modifications, and is focused on explaining the principles and limitations of ISH division on different types of probes. The article describes a design of probes for individual types of in situ hybridization (ISH), as well as the gradual combination of several laboratory procedures to achieve the highest possible sensitivity and to prevent undesirable events accompanying hybridization. The article also informs about applications of the methodology, in practice and in research, to detect cell to cell communication and principles of gene silencing, process of oncogenesis, and many other unknown processes taking place in organisms at the DNA/RNA level.

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