scholarly journals Moral Justifications for Negative Screen Tourist Behaviour

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Taran Jorgensen
Keyword(s):  
Moral Disengagement ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Moral Justification ◽  
Level Of Involvement ◽  
Breaking Bad ◽  
Leisure Involvement ◽  
Tourist Behaviour ◽  
Disengagement Theory ◽  
Moral Justifications ◽  
Negative Behaviour

<p><b>Screen tourism has become increasingly more popular over the last two decades, and while it has positive benefits for stakeholders and destinations, screen tourists engaging in negative tourist behaviour has become a problem at popular screen tourism destinations. However, little is known about how screen tourists justify engaging in this negative behaviour. Bandura’s Moral Disengagement theory has been used in various non-tourism and tourism contexts to examine and explain how individuals justify negative behaviours. This thesis applies Moral Disengagement theory to negative tourist behaviour in a screen tourism context, aiming to examine screen tourists’ use of moral disengagement mechanisms to justify negative on-site tourist behaviour. It further draws on previous research and literature on fandom and level of leisure involvement to provide a better understanding of how these factors might influence screen tourists’ moral justification of negative behaviour. Data was collected using a self-administered online survey, distributed to individuals who self-identified as members of either the Breaking Bad or Game of Thrones fandoms, and received 243 eligible responses. The survey measured level of fandom involvement, participants’ use of moral disengagement mechanisms in three hypothetical scenarios presenting negative screen tourism related behaviours, and responses to Bandura’s Moral Disengagement scale. </b></p> <p>Findings from this research suggest that some screen tourists morally justify engaging in negative behaviour in some contexts. This aligns with findings from previous research on moral disengagement and tourism. Furthermore, this research finds that mechanisms that are centred on disregarding/distorting the perceived harm on the victim were most frequently used. Lastly, groups were found to differ in their use of moral justification mechanisms, indicating that fandom identification, the moral alignment of the fandom object, and level of involvement influence individuals’ use of moral justification. It is also argued that (screen) tourism and fandom communities both have characteristics that facilitate moral disengagement. This knowledge can support screen tourism stakeholders in screen tourism development, and in mitigation of negative behaviours.</p>

scholarly journals Moral Justifications for Negative Screen Tourist Behaviour

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Taran Jorgensen
Keyword(s):  
Moral Disengagement ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Moral Justification ◽  
Level Of Involvement ◽  
Breaking Bad ◽  
Leisure Involvement ◽  
Tourist Behaviour ◽  
Disengagement Theory ◽  
Moral Justifications ◽  
Negative Behaviour

<p><b>Screen tourism has become increasingly more popular over the last two decades, and while it has positive benefits for stakeholders and destinations, screen tourists engaging in negative tourist behaviour has become a problem at popular screen tourism destinations. However, little is known about how screen tourists justify engaging in this negative behaviour. Bandura’s Moral Disengagement theory has been used in various non-tourism and tourism contexts to examine and explain how individuals justify negative behaviours. This thesis applies Moral Disengagement theory to negative tourist behaviour in a screen tourism context, aiming to examine screen tourists’ use of moral disengagement mechanisms to justify negative on-site tourist behaviour. It further draws on previous research and literature on fandom and level of leisure involvement to provide a better understanding of how these factors might influence screen tourists’ moral justification of negative behaviour. Data was collected using a self-administered online survey, distributed to individuals who self-identified as members of either the Breaking Bad or Game of Thrones fandoms, and received 243 eligible responses. The survey measured level of fandom involvement, participants’ use of moral disengagement mechanisms in three hypothetical scenarios presenting negative screen tourism related behaviours, and responses to Bandura’s Moral Disengagement scale. </b></p> <p>Findings from this research suggest that some screen tourists morally justify engaging in negative behaviour in some contexts. This aligns with findings from previous research on moral disengagement and tourism. Furthermore, this research finds that mechanisms that are centred on disregarding/distorting the perceived harm on the victim were most frequently used. Lastly, groups were found to differ in their use of moral justification mechanisms, indicating that fandom identification, the moral alignment of the fandom object, and level of involvement influence individuals’ use of moral justification. It is also argued that (screen) tourism and fandom communities both have characteristics that facilitate moral disengagement. This knowledge can support screen tourism stakeholders in screen tourism development, and in mitigation of negative behaviours.</p>

“If not Mine, She Won't Belong to Another”: Mechanisms of Moral Disengagement in a Femicide Perpetrator from Brazil

2021 ◽  
pp. 107780122110389
Author(s):  
Amanda Regis-Moura ◽  
Leonardo B. Ferreira ◽  
Bruno Bonfá-Araujo ◽  
Fabio Iglesias
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Moral Disengagement ◽  
Moral Justification ◽  
Secondary Source ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
Case File ◽  
Case Files ◽  
Disengagement Theory ◽  
Brazilian Case

Case files can show how aggressors use different explanations to reduce the seriousness of their crime. We aimed to identify and categorize a 2016 Brazilian case file from a perpetrator of femicide, based on moral disengagement theory. Content analysis yielded 47 verbalized excerpts, with 70 disengagement occurrences. The most frequently used mechanisms throughout the aggressor's speeches consisted of moral justification and blaming the victim herself. Results indicated that he reduced the seriousness of the femicide and sought reduction of the consequences. We discuss how speeches in criminal cases can serve as a secondary source for producing data on violence.

scholarly journals Across the COVID-19 Waves; Assessing Temporal Fluctuations in Perceived Stress, Post-Traumatic Symptoms, Worry, Anxiety and Civic Moral Disengagement over One Year of Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5651
Author(s):  
Alessio Gori ◽  
Eleonora Topino
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Stress ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Moral Disengagement ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Well Being ◽  
First Year ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
One Year ◽  
Traumatic Symptoms

This study aimed at investigating the psychological effect of the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy by analysing the trends of perceived stress, post-traumatic symptoms, state anxiety, worry, and civic moral disengagement in four different moments from March 2020 to March 2021. The study involved a total of 1827 Italian participants (30% men and 70% women; Mage = 34.72; SD = 12.40) divided into four groups to which an online survey was administered. The first group completed the survey in March 2020, the second one in August 2020, the third one in November 2020, and the fourth one in March 2021. Results highlighted significant decreases in post-traumatic symptoms and a significant increase in civic moral disengagement over the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. The levels of perceived stress, worry, and state anxiety remained constant. The correlations between the variables at different times were also explored, as well as gender differences over the year. The COVID-19 emergency has had significant effects on the mental state of the population, with important repercussions for individual and collective well-being during but probably also after the pandemic. This study offers a clear snapshot of the psychological outcomes over one COVID-19 pandemic year, providing important information that may contribute to tailor more effective interventions for mental health.

scholarly journals Analyzing the Perceived Utility of Covid-19 Countermeasures: The Role of Pronominalization, Moral Foundations, Moral Disengagement, Fake News Embracing, and Health Anxiety

2021 ◽  
pp. 003329412110278
Author(s):  
Alessandro Ansani ◽  
Marco Marini ◽  
Christian Cecconi ◽  
Daniele Dragoni ◽  
Elena Rinallo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Moral Disengagement ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Health Anxiety ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Moral Values ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Moral Foundations ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Perceived Utility

An online survey (N = 210) is presented on how the perceived utility of correct and exaggerated countermeasures against Covid-19 is affected by different pronominalization strategies (impersonal form, you, we). In evaluating the pronominalization effect, we have statistically controlled for the roles of several personal characteristics: Moral Disengagement, Moral Foundations, Health Anxiety, and Embracing of Fake News. Results indicate that, net of personal proclivities, the you form decreases the perceived utility of exaggerated countermeasures, possibly due to simulation processes. As a second point, through a Structural Equation Model, we show that binding moral values (Authority, Ingroup, and Purity) positively predict both fake news embracing and perceived utility of exaggerated countermeasures, while individualizing moral values (Harm and Fairness) negatively predict fake news embracing and positively predict the perceived utility of correct countermeasures. Lastly, fake news embracing showed a doubly bad effect: not only does it lead people to judge exaggerated countermeasures as more useful; but, more dangerously, it brings them to consider correct countermeasures as less useful in the struggle against the pandemic.

Innocent cheaters: a new scale measuring the moral disengagement of marital infidelity

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Lișman ◽  
ANDREI CORNELIU HOLMAN
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Moral Disengagement ◽  
Moral Identity ◽  
Marital Relationships ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Total N ◽  
Dominant Strategies ◽  
Marital Infidelity ◽  
Attribution Of Blame ◽  
Moral Justifications

Marital infidelity is both socially perceived as immoral and very frequent. This contradiction might be explained through the process of moral disengagement, specifically by the use of certain socially shared moral justifications of infidelity, which consequently foster unfaithful behavior. This research developed and examined the Infidelity Moral Disengagement Scale (IMDS), aiming to capture the strategies of morally legitimizing infidelity used among people engaged in marital relationships. Across two studies (total N = 609 married participants) we investigated the dimensions and psychometric properties of the IMDS. Results showed that the dominant strategies of legitimizing marital infidelity are the diffusion of responsibility, the attribution of blame on the cheated partner, advantageous comparisons with other immoral acts, justifying infidelity through certain benefits, and minimizing its negative consequences. The IMDS emerged as negatively related to moral identity and strongly associated to people’s past infidelity and to their tendency to engage in unfaithful behaviors.

THE INFLUENCE OF MORAL DISENGAGEMENT ON CLASSROOM ENVIRONMENT IN A JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOLEMENT ON CLASSROOM ENVIRONMENT IN A JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL

2021 ◽  
pp. 208-216
Author(s):  
Yufiarti ◽  
Thia Rusbita
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Classroom Environment ◽  
Moral Disengagement ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Research Subject ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Negative Behaviour

Moral disengagement is a tendency to justify negative behaviour that is morally acceptable and minimizes the influence of others. It is supported by Bandura et al (2000) and Santrock (2003) who said that the teenagers have a tendency to not show their consistent behaviour in different moral situations. This research aimed to find out the influence of moral disengagement on classroom environment in junior high school. The research instruments used were a modified form of Moral Disengagement Instrument (MDI) and What is Happening in This Class? (WIHIC) Questionnaire. The research subject included 171 students of junior high school. The data analysis method used in testing hypothesis was regression analysis. Analysis of the data showed that there was a significant influence of moral disengagement on classroom environment in junior high school. The classroom environment was found to be influenced by moral disengagement .

Is helicopter parenting stifling moral courage and promoting moral disengagement? Implications for the training and development of millennial managers

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Randy Evans ◽  
Katherine A. Karl
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Moral Disengagement ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Training And Development ◽  
Moral Courage ◽  
Moral Foundations ◽  
Helicopter Parenting ◽  
Generational Cohort ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This paper aims to examine the ethical foundations of Gen Z individuals by studying the impact of helicopter parenting on moral courage and moral disengagement. In addition, this study considers the implications for Millennial generation managers that are likely to be supervising this current generational cohort. Design/methodology/approach Hypotheses were tested using a two-wave online survey of 215 undergraduate students. Findings Helicopter parenting was associated with lower levels of moral courage and an elevated propensity to morally disengage in a sample of Gen Z individuals. The impact of helicopter parenting on these moral foundations was mediated by the children’s increased desire for continued parental involvement in their lives. Practical implications Similar to the Gen Z students surveyed in this study, many Millennials were raised by helicopter parents, thus, it is likely that they are also prone to moral disengagement and low moral courage. Furthermore, Millennial managers will be managing Gen Z workers. Thus, many companies will need to enhance their efforts in providing Millennial managers with business ethics training aimed at developing moral courage and reducing moral disengagement. Originality/value This study examines a previously unidentified antecedent of moral courage and moral disengagement

scholarly journals Cognitive Distortions and Moral Disengagement in Sex Offenders: A Study in Order to Develop a Possible Treatment

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-19
Author(s):  
I. Petruccelli ◽  
◽  
G. D’ Urso ◽  
A. Gherardini ◽  
S. Grilli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Offenders ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Sexual Offenders ◽  
Moral Disengagement ◽  
Cognitive Distortions ◽  
Child Molesters ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cognitive Distortion ◽  
Moral Justification ◽  
Attribution Of Blame

Objective: The literature on sexual offenders (SOs) has considered cognitive distortions, defence mechanisms and moral disengagement mechanisms as risk factors in the individual history. Recent literature focuses on how both the concepts of moral disengagement (Bandura et al. 1996) and self-serving cognitive distortions (Barriga and Gibbs 1996) constitute a group of cognitive processes. These processes help to cognitively overcome dissonance between personal moral standards and behavioral transgressions, facilitating violent or, in general, wrong acts (Ribeaud and Eisner 2010). This pilot study investigates moral disengagement mechanisms and cognitive distortions in detained male SO to make treatment effective, taking into account the link between these two constructs. Design and Method: The study sample consisted of 101 males detained in some Italian prisons. Participants were administered a Socio-demographic Data Grid, the Moral Disengagement Scale, the Vindictive Rape Attitudes Questionnaire and the Hanson Supportive Attitudes Questionnaire. Results: Moral disengagement presents a significant correlation with all aspects of examined cognitive distortions (CD) [CD (child): r=.336, p<.01; CD “Sex Kids: r= .278, p<.01; CD “Sexual Entitlement”: r= .375, p<.01; CD (rapist): r= .299, p<.01]. Child molesters’ cognitive distortions are correlated with displacement of responsibility [r= .381; p<.01] and distortion of consequences [r= .278; p<.01]. Cognitive distortions about “sexual entitlement” are correlated with moral justification (r= .284; p<.01), attribution of blame [r= .304; p<.01], euphemistic labeling [r= .274; p<.01], displacement of responsibility (r= .418; p<.01) and distortions of consequences [r= .273; p<.01]. Rapist cognitive distortions present significant correlations with attribution of blame [r= .348; p<.01] and displacement of responsibility [r= .265; p<.01]. Cognitive Distortions, measured by “Sex Kids” subscale, present a moderate correlation with moral justification [r= .222; p<.05], displacement of responsibility [r= .234; p<.05] and distortion of consequences [r= .242; p<.05]. Conclusions: Our results suggest that moral disengagement and self-serving cognitive distortions often are present in the very same cognitive processes and that these processes tend to influence sex offenders’ behaviour (Ribeaud and Eisner, 2010). The correlation between child molester cognitive distortion and Displacement of Responsibility might be explained by an immaturity of the subject and the relative difficulty in relating to an adult preferring contact with child. The correlations between cognitive distortions rapist and Attribution of Blame and Displacement of Responsibility (MDM) could be referred to the offender’s idea that some aspects of the victim (Ex. Being too provocative) justify his violent behaviour against him/her. This study could be interesting to organize specific guidelines for treatment of the offenders and especially for the relapse prevention.

scholarly journals So, We Meat Again...

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 7-19
Author(s):  
Jesler Francesca Van Houdt ◽  
Arthur Bribosia
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Moral Disengagement ◽  
Meat Consumption ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Global South ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Meat Industry ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Disengagement Theory

The meat industry is being blamed for its role regarding climate change, environmental degradations as well as food insecurity in the Global-South. Additionally, the conditions in which animals are being raised and slaughtered in industrial farms are often denounced as cruel and morally unacceptable. Assuming that most meat consumers in developed countries are to a certain extent aware of the negative consequences inherent to meat consumption, how can the increasing consumption of meat be explained? In an attempt to understand what Ricard (2014) describes as a “moral schizophrenia” (p.15), this paper applies Bandura’s Moral Disengagement Theory to industrial meat production in developed countries.

scholarly journals Mechanisms of Moral Disengagement Used to Justify School Violence in Sicilian Primary School

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 682-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inmaculada Méndez ◽  
Giuseppa Liccardi ◽  
Cecilia Ruiz-Esteban
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Primary School ◽  
School Violence ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Moral Disengagement ◽  
Moral Justification ◽  
Italian Translation ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
And Gender

This study investigated the mechanisms of moral disengagement most commonly used to justify school violence in Sicilian primary school. The main objective of this study was to analyze the mechanisms of moral disengagement that are set in motion by those involved in situations of school violence (victims, aggressors, and bystanders) in Sicilian primary school. Likewise, the differences by gender and age are investigated. A total of 113 subjects in primary school were recruited (56.6% girls). The ages ranged from 8 to 11 (M = 9.56, SD = 0.99). The first scale used was the Bullying Inventory by Olweus (1993) in the Italian translation by Genta, Menesini, Fonzi, Costabile, and Smith (1996) and the questionnaire on moral disengagement developed by Caprara, Barbaranelli, Vicino, and Bandura (1996) is also used. The regression analysis showed that the sociodemographic variables and the mechanisms of moral disengagement are different depending on a person’s role (aggressor, victim, or bystander). Moral justification predicted the role of victim in school violence, dehumanization predicted the role of the aggressor (and gender), and the disclosure of responsibility (and dehumanization) predicted the role of the bystander in school violence. The conclusions of this study will facilitate the prevention of school violence, for example, by promoting social integration and minimizing situations of school violence (emphasizing morality, ethics, etc.), thereby establishing balanced and satisfactory interpersonal relationships.

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