scholarly journals The Children of Women in Prison

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Venezia Marlene Kingi
Keyword(s):  
Vulnerable Populations ◽  
Close Relationships ◽  
Alcohol Misuse ◽  
Single Parents ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Central Focus ◽  
Women In Prison ◽  
Imprisoned Mothers ◽  
Current Concerns ◽  
Drug And Alcohol

<p>The central focus of this thesis is on children whose mothers are sent to prison. Both the mothers and their children are vulnerable populations; they are likely to have experienced family violence, abuse, drug and alcohol misuse, chaotic lifestyles and disrupted close relationships. In addition, many imprisoned mothers are single parents who are detained far from their families and support systems; this makes the maintenance of relationships between them and their children fraught with difficulty. During the course of this research, 56 imprisoned mothers and the caregivers of the children of 11 of them were interviewed to gather data on how these children and the caregivers were faring while the mothers were in prison and on how the situation could be improved. At a later date 37 of the women, some of whom had been released into the community, were re-interviewed about how their relationships with their children had changed over the time since their last interview and about their current concerns. The results confirm findings from overseas research which identifies the need for programmes and facilities to assist women in prison to maintain their relationship with their children during their sentence. For the successful reintegration of the women into society and the reunification of their families, support and assistance are essential. This support and help is needed by the children, by the temporary caregivers and by the mothers. It is needed both during the period of the mother's imprisonment and after she has been released. Recommendations have been made about policies and practices that are likely to achieve these goals. Directions for future research have been suggested.</p>

scholarly journals The Children of Women in Prison

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Venezia Marlene Kingi
Keyword(s):  
Vulnerable Populations ◽  
Close Relationships ◽  
Alcohol Misuse ◽  
Single Parents ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Central Focus ◽  
Women In Prison ◽  
Imprisoned Mothers ◽  
Current Concerns ◽  
Drug And Alcohol

<p>The central focus of this thesis is on children whose mothers are sent to prison. Both the mothers and their children are vulnerable populations; they are likely to have experienced family violence, abuse, drug and alcohol misuse, chaotic lifestyles and disrupted close relationships. In addition, many imprisoned mothers are single parents who are detained far from their families and support systems; this makes the maintenance of relationships between them and their children fraught with difficulty. During the course of this research, 56 imprisoned mothers and the caregivers of the children of 11 of them were interviewed to gather data on how these children and the caregivers were faring while the mothers were in prison and on how the situation could be improved. At a later date 37 of the women, some of whom had been released into the community, were re-interviewed about how their relationships with their children had changed over the time since their last interview and about their current concerns. The results confirm findings from overseas research which identifies the need for programmes and facilities to assist women in prison to maintain their relationship with their children during their sentence. For the successful reintegration of the women into society and the reunification of their families, support and assistance are essential. This support and help is needed by the children, by the temporary caregivers and by the mothers. It is needed both during the period of the mother's imprisonment and after she has been released. Recommendations have been made about policies and practices that are likely to achieve these goals. Directions for future research have been suggested.</p>

Level of Disaster Preparedness in Patients Visiting the Emergency Department: Results of the Civilian Assessment of Readiness for Disaster (CARD) Survey

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas A. True ◽  
Juliana D. Adedoyin ◽  
Frances S. Shofer ◽  
Eddie K. Hasty ◽  
Jane H. Brice
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Vulnerable Populations ◽  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Single Parents ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Publication Type ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractBackgroundPatients seeking care in public hospitals are often resource-limited populations who have in past disasters become the most vulnerable. The objective of this study was to determine the personal disaster preparedness of emergency department (ED) patients and to identify predictors of low levels of preparedness. It was hypothesized that vulnerable populations would be better prepared for disasters.MethodsA prospective cross-sectional survey was conducted over a one-year period of patients seeking care in a public university hospital ED (census 65,000). Exclusion criteria were mentally impaired, institutionalized, or non-English speaking subjects. Subjects completed an anonymous survey detailing the 15 personal preparedness items from the Federal Emergency Management Agency's disaster preparedness checklist as well as demographic characteristics. Summary statistics were used to describe general preparedness. Chi-square tests were used to compare preparedness by demographics.ResultsDuring the study period, 857/1000 subjects completed the survey. Participants were predominantly male (57%), Caucasian (65%), middle-aged (mean 45 years), and high school graduates (83%). Seventeen percent (n = 146) reported having special needs and 8% were single parents. Most participants were not prepared: 451 (53%) had >75% of checklist items, 393 (46%) had food and water for 3 days, and 318 (37%) had food, water, and >75% of items. Level of preparedness was associated with age and parenting. Those aged 44 and older were more likely to be prepared for a disaster compared to younger respondents. (43.3% vs 31.1%, P = .0002). Similarly, single parents were more likely to be prepared than dual parenting households (47.1 vs 32.9%, P = .03).ConclusionsThis study and others have found that only the minority of any group is actually prepared for disaster. Future research should focus on ways to implement disaster preparedness education, specifically targeting vulnerable populations, then measuring the effects of educational programs to demonstrate that preparedness has increased as a result.TrueNA, AdedoyinJD, ShoferFS, HastyEK, BriceJH. Level of disaster preparedness in patients visiting the emergency department: results of the Civilian Assessment of Readiness for Disaster (CARD) survey. Prehosp Disaster Med.2013;28(2):1-5.

Young Males Attending a Family-Planning Clinic: Some Ideas about Consequences of Child Abuse

1999 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 529-532
Author(s):  
PEggy B. Smith ◽  
Maxine L. Weinman ◽  
Ruth S. Buzi
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Family Planning ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Substance Misuse ◽  
Alcohol Misuse ◽  
Family Planning Clinic ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Medical Needs ◽  
Drug And Alcohol

33 young males attending a family-planning clinic were asked about the consequences of child abuse as it affects behavioral problems of teens and their interest in programs that deal specifically with these problems. Nine reported they had been victims of abuse. Most believed that drug and alcohol misuse and suicide were the major consequences of child abuse. Fifteen were interested in programs for prevention of child abuse but not for specific problems such as substance misuse and smoking cessation. This study's findings suggest that family-planning clinics with services for males must address their behavioral as well as medical needs.

Evaluating the Association Between Psychopathy and Specific Attachment Models in Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-S16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elliott Christian ◽  
Martin Sellbom ◽  
Ross B. Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  
Peer Relationships ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Close Relationships ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Current Investigation ◽  
Attachment Relationships ◽  
Specific Attachment ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
General Community

In the current investigation, we examined the association between psychopathy and attachment styles in several specific attachment relationships (i.e., romantic, mother, father, friend). Data were collected online from a combination of Australian university and general community samples (N = 729, 53.50% female) using the Expanded Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy scale (Christian & Sellbom, 2016) and a modified version of the Experiences in Close Relationships Structures (Fraley, Heffernan, Vicary, & Brumbaugh, 2011). Our results revealed that specific attachment models tend to have small to moderate associations with the components of psychopathy, but that the strength and direction of these associations tends to differ between figures, components of psychopathy, and dimension of attachment considered. Interestingly, it appeared that peer relationships (i.e., romantic, friend) tended to account for the majority of the variance in the relationship between psychopathy and general attachment styles, which may be an important avenue for future research.

scholarly journals Our Boys and The Last Shot: Examples of the Power of Community Involvement in Underprivileged America

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Claire C. Schaeperkoetter
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Community Involvement ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
High School Athletes ◽  
Public Education System ◽  
The Public ◽  
Central Focus ◽  
Rural Environments ◽  
High School Coach

The central focus of this essay was to examine different socio-cultural structures that affect high school aged athletes in seemingly different impoverished areas in the United States. Specifically, narratives in the popular press books The Last Shot and Our Boys were explored in order to highlight similarities and differences between the high school athletes in these two different urban and rural environments. In all, four factors that showcase the power of community involvement in underprivileged America emerged: the values promoted by the high school coach, the socioeconomic status of the community, the public education system, and the battle between the desire to escape the community and fear of the unknown. The implications of community involvement are discussed and avenues for future research are presented.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a short version of the Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised questionnaire (ECR-RD8): results from a representative German sample

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes C. Ehrenthal ◽  
Johannes Zimmermann ◽  
Katja Brenk-Franz ◽  
Ulrike Dinger ◽  
Henning Schauenburg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Close Relationships ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Short Version ◽  
German Population ◽  
Attachment Insecurity ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Norm Values ◽  
Experiences In Close Relationships

Abstract Background Attachment insecurity is a prominent risk factor for the development and course of psychiatric and psychosomatic disorders. The Experiences in Close Relationships - Revised (ECR-R) questionnaire is a widely used self-report to assess attachment related anxiety and avoidance. However, its length has the potential to restrict its use in large, multi-instrument studies. The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a brief version of the ECR-R, and provide norm values for the German population. Methods A screening version of the original ECR-R was developed through principal components analysis of datasets from several previous studies. In a representative sample of 2428 randomly selected individuals from the German population, we compared fit indices of different models by means of confirmatory factor analyses (CFA). We investigated the convergent validity of the screening version in an independent convenience sample of 557 participants. Correlations between the short and the full scale were investigated in a re-analysis of the original German ECR-R evaluation sample. Results CFA indicated a satisfactory model fit for an eight-item version (ECR-RD8). The ECR-RD8 demonstrated adequate reliability. The subscales correlated as expected with another self-report measure of attachment in an independent sample. Individuals with higher levels of attachment anxiety, but especially higher levels of attachment avoidance were significantly more likely to not be in a relationship, across all age groups. Correlations between the short and the full scale were high. Conclusions The ECR-RD8 appears to be a reliable, valid, and economic questionnaire for assessing attachment insecurity. In addition, the reported population-based norm values will help to contextualize future research findings.

scholarly journals Bibliometric Analysis of Research on Peer Feedback in Teaching and Learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Nguoi Chui Lam ◽  
Hadina Habil
Keyword(s):  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Peer Feedback ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Bibliometric Indicators ◽  
Central Focus ◽  
Scopus Database ◽  
Bibliometric Approach ◽  
Productive Authors

A growing body of literature has highlighted the pivotal role of peer feedback in teaching and learning. However, a paucity of studies explore the trend of literature in this research area, particularly using a bibliometric approach. Therefore, this study was conducted to reveal the major trends in the research area and construct an intellectual landscape of the relevant studies in the field. Bibliometric details of a total of 276 research articles, published from 1985 to 2020 (August), were retrieved from the Scopus database for further analysis. In particular, the publication trend, the most productive countries, the most productive authors, the top ten source titles, and keyword used in the research area, were explored using bibliometric indicators. The rapid growth of publications on peer feedback was observed since 2010, with a sharp peak noted in 2019. Furthermore, writing context was found as the central focus of peer feedback research. Among others, three key themes that surfaced out of term-occurrence analysis included: impacts/effects of using peer feedback approach, sub-themes concerning peer feedback implementation, and peer feedback in writing context. Additionally, from the review of 30 top-cited publications, 3 prominent themes: effects of using peer feedback approach, effective or ineffective peer feedback, and potential challenges or issues in peer feedback implementation emerged. Based on the findings, this paper concludes with some recommended avenues for future research.

Drugs and alcohol in the workplace

2013 ◽  
pp. 490-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Brown ◽  
Henrietta Bowden-Jones
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Misuse ◽  
Problem Drinking ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Public Confidence ◽  
Occupational Physicians ◽  
Drugs And Alcohol ◽  
Output Performance ◽  
Patterns Of Use ◽  
Legal Implications ◽  
Drug And Alcohol

Drug and alcohol misuse is present at all levels of society and throughout the world although the patterns of use, the substances involved, and the prevailing attitudes vary widely. However it presents, drug and alcohol misuse is a particularly challenging issue for employers, managers, and occupational physicians. These include the effects of drugs and alcohol on health and well-being and the direct and indirect effects on output, performance, and behaviour at work. There are legal implications if employees are under the influence of alcohol or drugs or in possession of illegal drugs where there may be a degree of vicarious liability for the employer. Management may have limited tolerance towards such individuals and there may be significant issues regarding public confidence towards those involved in safety critical industries. Whilst attitudes towards alcohol in society and the workplace appears to be hardening, the distinction between what is acceptable drinking and problem drinking is often blurred.

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