scholarly journals An Annotated Bibliography on Screenwriting Manuals between 2000-2020 that aid in Character Development

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Lene Aiono
Keyword(s):  
Character Development ◽  
Annotated Bibliography ◽  
Short Film ◽  
Media Content ◽  
Feature Film ◽  
Government Organisation ◽  
Common Problems ◽  
The Government ◽  
Film Scripts ◽  
Content Feature

<p>The New Zealand Film Commission (NZFC) is the government organisation that finances films. The NZFC agrees with many screenwriting authors that the most common problems with scripts relate to character development (Batty, 2011, p. 45; Frayne, 2019; Nelmes, 2010, p. 202; NZFC Scriptwriting, 2020). Therefore, a screenwriter needs resources to overcome character development problems in their scripts. However, there are too many screenwriting manuals in publication. Also, an inexperienced amateur screenwriter may not know which manuals would solve their particular character development problems. In this annotated bibliography, the screenwriter is the author responsible for developing the script. Furthermore, the script serves as a guideline to producing media content: feature film, short film, videogames, radio-play, television (Field, 2005, p. 19; Gallo, 2012a, Chapter 2; Nannicelli, 2013, pp. 11–18). On account of this, this annotated bibliography will focus mainly on screenwriting manuals dealing with feature film scripts. Feature film scripts are 90 minutes or longer in duration (Field, 2005, p. 22). Additionally, since a script encompasses story and character elements, this annotated bibliography will focus only on character development.</p>

scholarly journals An Annotated Bibliography on Screenwriting Manuals between 2000-2020 that aid in Character Development

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Lene Aiono
Keyword(s):  
Character Development ◽  
Annotated Bibliography ◽  
Short Film ◽  
Media Content ◽  
Feature Film ◽  
Government Organisation ◽  
Common Problems ◽  
The Government ◽  
Film Scripts ◽  
Content Feature

<p>The New Zealand Film Commission (NZFC) is the government organisation that finances films. The NZFC agrees with many screenwriting authors that the most common problems with scripts relate to character development (Batty, 2011, p. 45; Frayne, 2019; Nelmes, 2010, p. 202; NZFC Scriptwriting, 2020). Therefore, a screenwriter needs resources to overcome character development problems in their scripts. However, there are too many screenwriting manuals in publication. Also, an inexperienced amateur screenwriter may not know which manuals would solve their particular character development problems. In this annotated bibliography, the screenwriter is the author responsible for developing the script. Furthermore, the script serves as a guideline to producing media content: feature film, short film, videogames, radio-play, television (Field, 2005, p. 19; Gallo, 2012a, Chapter 2; Nannicelli, 2013, pp. 11–18). On account of this, this annotated bibliography will focus mainly on screenwriting manuals dealing with feature film scripts. Feature film scripts are 90 minutes or longer in duration (Field, 2005, p. 22). Additionally, since a script encompasses story and character elements, this annotated bibliography will focus only on character development.</p>

Duration, Compression, Extension and Distortion of Time in Contemporary Transgender Cinema

Somatechnics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-83
Author(s):  
Akkadia Ford
Keyword(s):  
Life Experiences ◽  
Private Life ◽  
First Century ◽  
Short Film ◽  
New Wave ◽  
Privileged Access ◽  
Feature Film ◽  
Theoretical Issues ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Film Change

Cinema provides ‘privileged access’ ( Zubrycki 2011 ) into trans lives, recording and revealing private life experiences and moments that might never be seen, nor heard and after the time had passed, only present in memory and body for the individuals involved. Film, a temporal medium, creates theoretical issues, both in the presentation and representation of the trans body and for audiences in viewing the images. Specific narrative, stylistic and editing techniques including temporal disjunctions, may also give audiences a distorted view of trans bodily narratives that encompass a lifetime. Twenty first century cinema is simultaneously creating and erasing the somatechnical potentialities of trans. This article will explore temporal techniques in relation to recent trans cinema, comparing how three different filmmakers handle trans narratives. Drawing upon recent films including the Trans New Wave ( Ford 2014 , 2016a , 2016b ), such as the experimental animated autoethnographic short film Change Over Time (Ewan Duarte, United States, 2013), in tandem with the feature film 52 Tuesdays (Sophia Hyde, Australia, 2013), I will analyse the films as texts which show how filmmakers utilise temporality as a narrative and stylistic technique in cinematic trans narratives. These are texts where cinematic technologies converge with trans embodiment in ways that are constitutive of participants and audiences' understanding of trans lives. This analysis will be contrasted with the use of temporal displacement as a cinematic trope of negative affect, disembodiment and societal disjunction in the feature film Predestination (The Spierig Brothers, Australia, 2014), providing a further basis for scholarly critique of cinematic somatechnics in relation to the trans body.

The Use of Social Media by the Botswana Government and Governance of Liquid Communication

Mousaion ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tshepho Lydia Mosweu
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Customer Service ◽  
Community Involvement ◽  
Media Content ◽  
Service Access ◽  
Communication Tool ◽  
African Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government ◽  
Use Of Social Media

Social media as a communication tool has enabled governments around the world to interact with citizens for customer service, access to information and to direct community involvement needs. The trends around the world show recognition by governments that social media content may constitute records and should be managed accordingly. The literature shows that governments and organisations in other countries, particularly in Europe, have social media policies and strategies to guide the management of social media content, but there is less evidence among African countries. Thus the purpose of this paper is to examine the extent of usage of social media by the Botswana government in order to determine the necessity for the governance of liquid communication. Liquid communication here refers to the type of communication that goes easily back and forth between participants involved through social media. The ARMA principle of availability requires that where there is information governance, an organisation shall maintain its information assets in a manner that ensures their timely, efficient and accurate retrieval. The study adopted a qualitative case study approach where data were collected through documentary reviews and interviews among purposively selected employees of the Botswana government. This study revealed that the Botswana government has been actively using social media platforms to interact with its citizens since 2011 for increased access, usage and awareness of services offered by the government. Nonetheless, the study revealed that the government had no official documentation on the use of social media, and policies and strategies that dealt with the governance of liquid communication. This study recommends the governance of liquid communication to ensure timely, efficient and accurate retrieval when needed for business purposes.

scholarly journals Pajak Penghasilan Pada Subjek Penghasilan Di Bawah Umur Melalui Media Sosial

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-198
Author(s):  
Retno Sari Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Media Content ◽  
Income Generation ◽  
Collection System ◽  
Mapping Data ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Tax Collection ◽  
The Government

The unregulated income tax for underage tax subjects who use social media in Indonesia needs attention from the government. The increasing number of social media users by underage tax subjects who currently do not receive supervision. The self-assessment-based income tax collection system is also an obstacle to this problem. In the study in this article using the socio-legal research method which examines the limitations of legal sources. Normative aspects and often legal issues are related to social and political contexts in empirical aspects. The findings from this study required policy formulation: mapping data on underage tax subjects with income generation using social media content, collaborating with various related parties and conducting a review of the income tax collection system.

Breaking Stereotypes

2020 ◽  
pp. 135-143
Author(s):  
Manisha Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Women Characters ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Coming Of Age ◽  
Short Film ◽  
Feature Film ◽  
Film Genre ◽  
Short Films ◽  
First Time

Indian films are gradually coming of age: becoming more realistic, bold, and daring. Indian short films are getting candid: talking openly about issues rather than brushing them under the carpet. The digital media boom and the advent of social media have made the short film genre popular. In the fast-paced age where people, caught up in the humdrum and rat race of everyday life, are generally becoming impatient about everything, the short film has come to the rescue of filmmakers and film lovers. Gone are the days where everyone had ample time and patience to watch a three hour feature film or a two hour saga. In case of a short film, the message gets conveyed in a quick, crisp, and focused manner, without beating about the bush. Women-oriented short films like Her First Time, Juice, The Day After Every Day, Mama's Boy, Going Dutch, Pressure Cooker, The Girl Story, Ek Dopahar, Khaney Mein Kya Hai, White Shirt, Naked, etc. are breaking stereotypes of the patriarchal notions about women. The chapter probes the portrayals of women characters in Indian short films.

scholarly journals Media Capture Through Favor Exchange

Econometrica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 281-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Szeidl ◽  
Ferenc Szucs
Keyword(s):  
Structural Model ◽  
Media Content ◽  
Media Ownership ◽  
Targeted Advertising ◽  
Qualitative Evidence ◽  
The Media ◽  
Favor Exchange ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Rule Out

We use data from Hungary to establish two results about the relationship between the government and the media. (i) We document large advertising favors from the government to connected media, and large corruption coverage favors from connected media to the government. Our empirical strategy exploits sharp reallocations around changes in media ownership and other events to rule out market‐based explanations. (ii) Under the assumptions of a structural model, we distinguish between owner ideology and favor exchange as the mechanism driving favors. We estimate our model exploiting within‐owner changes in coverage for identification and find that both mechanisms are important. These results imply that targeted government advertising can meaningfully influence content. Counterfactuals show that targeted advertising can also influence owner ideology, by making media ownership more profitable to pro‐government connected investors. Our results are consistent with qualitative evidence from many democracies and suggest that government advertising affects media content worldwide.

scholarly journals CINECLUBE ESPORTE E SOCIEDADE: cinema, comunicação e entretenimento em um projeto de extensão

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 197-222
Author(s):  
Pablo Cezar Laignier de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Social Communication ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
The Other ◽  
Short Film ◽  
Sports Journalism ◽  
Feature Film ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
The Subject

O jornalismo esportivo é um setor muito procurado pelos alunos de graduação da Unesa. Infelizmente, a bibliografia de referência sobre o tema é insuficiente para tratar do assunto em toda a sua complexidade. Por outro lado, filmes de referência sobre futebol e outros esportes existem em grande número, tanto no Brasil quanto no exterior. Desse modo, o objetivo deste artigo é relatar o processo e os resultados obtidos por meio da realização do projeto de extensão intitulado Cineclube Esporte e Sociedade, idealizado e conduzido pelo professor e pesquisador Pablo Laignier, ao longo do ano de 2014, no Campus Madureira da Unesa (RJ), junto a uma equipe de alunos do curso de Jornalismo da mesma instituição. O projeto consistia em efetuar sessões de exibição de filmes sobre esportes, em que um longa-metragem era precedido por um curta-metragem e seguido de um debate com um professor convidado. O projeto atendeu também à população externa, na medida em que alunos trouxeram familiares e amigos para participar das sessões, que eram gratuitas e para finalidades didáticas.   PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Comunicação Social; Jornalismo; Cinema; Extensão Universitária; Cineclube Esporte e Sociedade.     ABSTRACT Sports journalism is a sector highly sought after by undergraduate students of the Estácio de Sá University (Unesa). Unfortunately, the reference literature on the subject is insufficient to address the issue in all its complexity. On the other hand, reference films about soccer and other sports exist in large numbers, both in Brazil and abroad. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to report the process and results obtained through the extension project titled Sports and Film Society, in campus Madureira, together with a team of students of the journalism course of that education institution. The project consisted of holding sports screening sessions where a feature film was preceded by a short film and followed by a discussion with a guest teacher. The project also served the outside population, as students brought family and friends to participate in the sessions, which were free and for teaching purposes.   KEYWORDS: Social Communication; Journalism; Film; University Extension; Cineclube Esporte e Sociedade (Sports and Film Society).     RESUMEN El periodismo deportivo es un área muy procurada por los alumnos de graduación de la Universidad Estácio de Sá (Unesa). Desafortunadamente, la bibliografía de referencia sobre el tema es insuficiente para tratar del asunto en toda su complejidad. Por otro lado, hay un gran número de películas de referencia sobre futbol y otros deportes, tanto en Brasil como en el exterior. De esta manera, el objetivo de este artículo es relatar el proceso y los resultados obtenidos por medio de la realización del proyecto de extensión titulado Cineclub Deporte y Sociedad, en el campus Madureira, junto a un equipo de alumnos de Periodismo de la institución. El proyecto consistía en realizar sesiones de muestra de películas sobre deportes, en las que un largo metraje era precedido por un corto metraje y seguido de un debate con un profesor invitado. El proyecto integró también a la población externa, ya que alumnos trajeron a familiares y amigos para participar de las sesiones, que eran gratuitas con una finalidad didáctica.   PALABRAS CLAVE: Comunicación Social; Periodismo; Cine; Extensión Universitaria; Cineclub Deporte y Sociedad.

scholarly journals Analyzing Social Media to Explore the Attitudes and Behaviors Following the Announcement of Successful COVID-19 Vaccine Trials: Infodemiology Study

10.2196/28800 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. e28800
Author(s):  
Jean-Christophe Boucher ◽  
Kirsten Cornelson ◽  
Jamie L Benham ◽  
Madison M Fullerton ◽  
Theresa Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Media Content ◽  
Media Content Analysis ◽  
Vaccine Trials ◽  
The Government

Background The rollout of COVID-19 vaccines has brought vaccine hesitancy to the forefront in managing this pandemic. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy is fundamentally different from that of other vaccines due to the new technologies being used, rapid development, and widespread global distribution. Attitudes on vaccines are largely driven by online information, particularly information on social media. The first step toward influencing attitudes about immunization is understanding the current patterns of communication that characterize the immunization debate on social media platforms. Objective We aimed to evaluate societal attitudes, communication trends, and barriers to COVID-19 vaccine uptake through social media content analysis to inform communication strategies promoting vaccine acceptance. Methods Social network analysis (SNA) and unsupervised machine learning were used to characterize COVID-19 vaccine content on Twitter globally. Tweets published in English and French were collected through the Twitter application programming interface between November 19 and 26, 2020, just following the announcement of initial COVID-19 vaccine trials. SNA was used to identify social media clusters expressing mistrustful opinions on COVID-19 vaccination. Based on the SNA results, an unsupervised machine learning approach to natural language processing using a sentence-level algorithm transfer function to detect semantic textual similarity was performed in order to identify the main themes of vaccine hesitancy. Results The tweets (n=636,516) identified that the main themes driving the vaccine hesitancy conversation were concerns of safety, efficacy, and freedom, and mistrust in institutions (either the government or multinational corporations). A main theme was the safety and efficacy of mRNA technology and side effects. The conversation around efficacy was that vaccines were unlikely to completely rid the population of COVID-19, polymerase chain reaction testing is flawed, and there is no indication of long-term T-cell immunity for COVID-19. Nearly one-third (45,628/146,191, 31.2%) of the conversations on COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy clusters expressed concerns for freedom or mistrust of institutions (either the government or multinational corporations) and nearly a quarter (34,756/146,191, 23.8%) expressed criticism toward the government’s handling of the pandemic. Conclusions Social media content analysis combined with social network analysis provides insights into the themes of the vaccination conversation on Twitter. The themes of safety, efficacy, and trust in institutions will need to be considered, as targeted outreach programs and intervention strategies are deployed on Twitter to improve the uptake of COVID-19 vaccination.

Michel Gondry as Transcultural Auteur

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Marcelline Block ◽  
Jennifer Kirby
Keyword(s):  
Short Film ◽  
Romantic Comedy ◽  
Art Cinema ◽  
Feature Film ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
Popular Cinema ◽  
The Road ◽  
Award Winning ◽  
Television Documentary ◽  
Academy Award

In the introduction to this volume, “Michel Gondry as Transcultural Auteur,” editors Marcelline Block and Jennifer Kirby present an overview of Gondry’s career as well as this volume’s approaches to Gondry’s oeuvre. Born in Versailles, France in 1963, Gondry is an Academy Award-winning transnational (France-USA) and transcultural (French-American) auteur whose body of work as a writer, director, and producer spans multiple genres—including feature film, short film, television, documentary, music video, big budget superhero film, romantic comedy, the road movie, advertisements—and languages (English, French, Japanese). In this respect, Gondry can be considered a contemporary globalized auteur whose films and other works display continuities and eclecticism. In addition, this introduction presents an overview of each of this volume’s sections and chapters in terms of how they identify connections and continuities between Gondry’s films while placing Gondry’s oeuvre in dialogue with French and American cinematic traditions and socio-cultural contexts. The introduction puts forth this volume’s main contention, namely that “Gondry is emblematic of transnational auteur filmmaking…crossing aesthetic and cultural borders between national film industries as well as between art and popular cinema and between media” and how Gondry’s oeuvre defies classification according to traditional conceptions of European art cinema.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document