Effect of Resveratrol on Metabolic Syndrome

The purpose of the study is to analyze the sources of modern literature of domestic and foreign researchers on the prospects of resveratrol in the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome is a clinical manifestation characterized by many comorbidities, including hyperglycemia, abdominal obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. All components of metabolic syndrome are involved in the induction of low-quality inflammation and oxidative stress, characteristic of this symptom complex. Metabolic syndrome is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and early mortality, which has a significant impact on health care costs. Finding an effective and alternative therapeutic strategy, which is natural and has no side effects, can be a useful tool in the fight against metabolic syndrome. This review focuses on the potential beneficial effects of a polyphenolic natural compound – resveratrol – on various molecular targets with programming for the development of disorders associated with metabolic syndrome and its comorbidities. A number of data on the effects of resveratrol on body weight, insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance, lipid profile, blood pressure, oxidative stress indicate that this compound has a wide range of beneficial effects on human health, and also has a beneficial effect on metabolic syndrome. A numerous data on the improvement of homeostasis, glucose, lipids, fat reduction, blood pressure, oxidative stress may demonstrate how resveratrol may be useful in the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome and related disorders due to its anti-inflammatory, antiplatelet and antioxidant properties. Resveratrol can be used either early as a reprogramming agent or later as a part of the treatment of metabolic syndrome. A few of the main molecular mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of resveratrol on metabolic syndrome are given in the article. Conclusion. Presented review of literature outlined the potential of resveratrol as supplementary or alternative medicine. Thus, resveratrol could be a useful regimen for the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome and its related conditions. The article considers some molecular level targets for resveratrol in terms of its effect on the metabolic syndrome, such as adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, SIRT1 protein, the main switch of the cellular defense system (Nrf2), nuclear factor-kappa B, estrogen receptor and the like

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Abstract MP58: Tissue And Sex Specific Effects Of Gstm1 Deletion In Mouse Models

Hypertension ◽

10.1161/hyp.78.suppl_1.mp58 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 78 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Yves Wang ◽

Nhu Nguyen ◽

Keith Nehrke ◽

Paul S Brookes ◽

Thu H Le

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Antioxidant Enzymes ◽

Mouse Model ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽

Ischemia Reperfusion ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Iri Model ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Study Gene Expression

The glutathione S-transferase ( Gst ) gene family encodes antioxidant enzymes. In humans, a common null allele deletion variant of GST μ-1 ( GSTM1 ) is highly prevalent across populations and is associated with increased risk and progression of various diseases. Using a Gstm1 knockout (KO) mouse model, we previously showed that KO mice with angiotensin II-induced hypertension (HTN) have increased kidney injury compared to wild-type (WT) controls, mediated by elevated oxidative stress. In the same mouse model, we have recently reported that in a Langendorff-perfused cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) model, where damage is also mediated by oxidative stress, male KO hearts are protected while females are not. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanisms for this difference in male hearts. WT and KO mice of both sexes were studied at 12-20 weeks of age. Hearts were snap frozen at baseline and after 25 min of global ischemia, and kidneys were collected at baseline and 4 weeks following HTN induction. A panel of 18 Gst genes were probed by qPCR from baseline hearts and kidneys of both sexes. Global metabolites were assayed using Metabolon, Inc. from hearts of both sexes and kidneys of males, at both baseline and diseased states. Analysis by qPCR (n = 3/group) showed that male, but not female, KO hearts had upregulation of other Gst s. In contrast, no significant differences between were found in male kidneys. Metabolomics (n = 6/group) detected 695 metabolites in hearts and 926 in kidneys. There were increases in several metabolites in KO vs. WT hearts including those with antioxidant properties. Notably, increases in carnosine and anserine were observed in KO male hearts but not in female hearts, while that of other antioxidant-related metabolites were observed in hearts of both sexes, but not in kidneys. HTN induced significant increases in metabolites in KO vs. WT kidneys in the pathways related to and linking methionine, cysteine, and glutathione, which were not observed in hearts. In this study, gene expression and metabolites suggest that the mechanisms compensating for the loss of GSTM1 are both tissue and sex specific. The resulting differences in antioxidant enzymes and metabolites may explain the unexpected protection for male Gstm1 KO hearts in IRI.

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Effect ofBifidobacterium lactisHN019 on inflammatory markers and oxidative stress in subjects with and without the metabolic syndrome

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114518001861 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 120 (6) ◽

pp. 645-652 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Luciana J. Bernini ◽

Andréa N. Colado Simão ◽

Cínthia H. B. de Souza ◽

Daniela F. Alfieri ◽

Liliane G. Segura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Inflammatory Markers ◽

Healthy Subjects ◽

Antioxidant Defenses ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Inflammatory State ◽

Baseline Values ◽

And Oxidative Stress

AbstractBeneficial effects of probiotics have been reported on body weight, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, inflammatory state and oxidative stress in healthy subjects and in many metabolic and inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects ofBifidobacterium lactisHN019 on inflammatory state and nitro-oxidative stress in patients with and without the metabolic syndrome (MetS). The usual diets of the thirty-three subjects were supplemented with probiotic milk for 90 d. Inflammatory markers and oxidative measurements were performed. In relation to the baseline values, subjects in both groups showed a decrease in homocysteine (P=0·02 andP=0·03, respectively), hydroperoxides (P=0·02 andP=0·01, respectively) and IL-6 levels (P=0·02). Increases in adiponectin (P=0·04) and nitric oxide metabolites (NOx,P=0·001) levels were only seen in the group with the MetS in relation to the baseline values, whereas only the individuals without the MetS had increases in total radical-trapping antioxidant parameter levels (P=0·002). In conclusion,B. lactisHN019 have several beneficial effects on inflammatory and oxidative biomarkers in healthy subjects and the MetS patients. Patients with the MetS showed a specific improvement in adiponectin and NOx levels, whereas a specific favourable effect was shown in the antioxidant defenses in healthy subjects. If the results obtained in the present study are confirmed, supplementation of fermented milk with probiotics in healthy subjects and patients with the MetS must be further discussed.

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The Niemann-Pick C1 Like 1 (NPC1L1) Inhibitor Ezetimibe Improves Metabolic Disease Via Decreased Liver X Receptor (LXR) Activity in Liver of Obese Male Mice

Endocrinology ◽

10.1210/en.2013-2143 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 155 (8) ◽

pp. 2810-2819 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Taichi Sugizaki ◽

Mitsuhiro Watanabe ◽

Yasushi Horai ◽

Nao Kaneko-Iwasaki ◽

Eri Arita ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Insulin Signaling ◽

Metabolic Diseases ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Liver X Receptor ◽

Gene Expressions ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Increased Risk

Dyslipidemic patients with diabetes mellitus, including metabolic syndrome, are at increased risk of coronary heart disease. It has been reported that ezetimibe, a cholesterol absorption inhibitor, improves metabolic diseases in mice and humans. However, the underlying mechanism has been unclear. Here we explored the effects of ezetimibe on lipid and glucose homeostasis. Male KK-Ay mice were fed a high-fat diet, which is the mouse model of metabolic syndrome, with or without ezetimibe for 14 weeks. Ezetimibe improved dyslipidemia, steatosis, and insulin resistance. Ezetimibe decreased hepatic oxysterols, which are endogenous agonists of liver X receptor (LXR), to decrease hepatic lipogenic gene expressions, especially in stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1), leading to a remarkable reduction of hepatic oleate content that would contribute to the improvement of steatosis by reducing triglycerides and cholesterol esters. Simultaneously, hepatic β-oxidation, NADPH oxidase and cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) were reduced, and thus reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammatory cytokines were also decreased. Consistent with these changes, ezetimibe diminished c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation and improved insulin signaling in the liver. In vitro study using primary hepatocytes obtained from male SD rats, treated with oleate and LXR agonist, showed excess lipid accumulation, increased oxidative stress and impaired insulin signaling. Therefore, in obese subjects, ezetimibe reduces hepatic LXR activity by reducing hepatic oxysterols to lower hepatic oleate content. This improves steatosis and reduces oxidative stress, and this reduction improves insulin signaling in the liver. These results provide insight into pathogenesis and strategies for treatment of the metabolic syndrome.

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Potential Application of Probiotics in the Prevention and Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Ulcers ◽

10.1155/2011/841651 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Silvina del Carmen ◽

Alejandra de Moreno de LeBlanc ◽

Anderson Miyoshi ◽

Clarissa Santos Rocha ◽

Vasco Azevedo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Genetically Engineered ◽

Treatment Protocols ◽

Host Immune Responses ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Wide Range ◽

Prevention And Treatment ◽

Bowel Diseases ◽

Inflammatory Bowel

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) represent a heterogeneous group of microorganisms that are naturally present in many foods and possess a wide range of therapeutic properties. The aim of this paper is to present an overview of the current expanding knowledge of the mechanisms by which LAB and other probiotic microorganisms participate in the prevention and treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases. These include changes in the gut microbiota, stimulation of the host immune responses, and reduction of the oxidative stress due to their antioxidant properties. A brief overview of the uses of genetically engineered LAB that produce either antioxidant enzymes (such as catalase and superoxide dismutase) or anti-inflammatory cytokines (such as IL-10) will also be discussed. This paper will show that probiotics should be considered in treatment protocols of IBD since they provide many beneficial effects and can enhance the effectiveness of traditional used medicines.

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Metabolic syndrome in patients with prostate cancer undergoing intermittent androgen-deprivation therapy

Canadian Urological Association Journal ◽

10.5489/cuaj.3655 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 10 (9-10) ◽

pp. 300 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Mohammadali Mohammadzadeh Rezaei ◽

Mohammadhadi Mohammadzadeh Rezaei ◽

Alireza Ghoreifi ◽

Behzad Feyzzadeh Kerigh

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Androgen Deprivation Therapy ◽

Androgen Deprivation ◽

Safe Alternative ◽

Metabolic Complications ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Blood Pressures

Introduction: The presence of metabolic syndrome in men with prostate cancer (PCa) undergoing androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT), especially intermittent type, has not been completely evaluated. The aim of this study is to evaluate metabolic syndrome in men with PCa undergoing intermittent ADT.Methods: In this longitudinal study, we studied the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components in 190 patients who were undergoing intermittent ADT. The metabolic syndrome was defined according to the Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. All metabolic parameters, including lipid profile, blood glucose, blood pressures, and waist circumferences of the patients were measured six and 12 months after treatment.Results: Mean age of the patients was 67.5 ± 6.74 years. The incidence of metabolic syndrome after six and 12 months was 6.8% and 14.7%, respectively. Analysis of various components of the metabolic syndrome revealed that patients had significantly higher overall prevalence of hyperglycemia, abdominal obesity, and hypertriglyceridemia in their six- and 12-month followups, but blood pressure has not been changed in the same period except for diastolic blood pressure after six months.Conclusions: Although there was an increased risk of metabolic syndrome in patients receiving intermittent ADT, it was lower than other studies that treated the same patients with continuous ADT. Also it seems that intermittent ADT has less metabolic complications than continuous ADT and could be used as a safe alternative in patients with advanced and metastatic PCa.

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Melatonin Ameliorates Autophagy Impairment in a Metabolic Syndrome Model

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox10050796 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 796

Author(s):

Adrián Santos-Ledo ◽

Beatriz de Luxán-Delgado ◽

Beatriz Caballero ◽

Yaiza Potes ◽

Susana Rodríguez-González ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Metabolic Diseases ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Blood Lipid ◽

Harderian Gland ◽

Chow Diet ◽

Melatonin Treatment ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Metabolic Syndrome Model

Metabolic syndrome is a global health problem in adults and its prevalence among children and adolescents is rising. It is strongly linked to a lifestyle with high-caloric food, which causes obesity and lipid metabolism anomalies. Molecular damage due to excessive oxidative stress plays a major role during the development of metabolic syndrome complications. Among the different hormones, melatonin presents strong antioxidant properties, and it is used to treat metabolic diseases. However, there is not a consensus about its use as a metabolic syndrome treatment. The aim of this study was to identify melatonin effects in a metabolic syndrome model. Golden hamsters were fed with 60% fructose-enriched food to induce metabolic syndrome and were compared to hamsters fed with regular chow diet. Both groups were also treated with melatonin. Fructose-fed hamsters showed altered blood lipid levels (increased cholesterol and LDL) and phenotypes restored with the melatonin treatment. The Harderian gland (HG), which is an ideal model to study autophagy modulation through oxidative stress, was the organ that was most affected by a fructose diet. Redox balance was altered in fructose-fed HG, inducing autophagic activation. However, since LC3-II was not increased, the impairment must be in the last steps of autophagy. Lipophagy HG markers were also disturbed, contributing to the dyslipidemia. Melatonin treatment improved possible oxidative homeostasis through autophagic induction. All these results point to melatonin as a possible treatment of the metabolic syndrome.

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Patterns of Alcohol Consumption and the Metabolic Syndrome

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/jc.2007-2788 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 93 (10) ◽

pp. 3833-3838 ◽

Cited By ~ 85

Author(s):

Amy Z. Fan ◽

Marcia Russell ◽

Timothy Naimi ◽

Yan Li ◽

Youlian Liao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Binge Drinking ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Fasting Glucose ◽

Drinking Patterns ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Increased Risk

Context and Objective: Protective and detrimental associations have been reported between alcohol consumption and the metabolic syndrome. This may be due to variations in drinking patterns and different alcohol effects on the metabolic syndrome components. This study is designed to examine the relationship between alcohol consumption patterns and the metabolic syndrome. Design, Setting, Participants, and Measures: The 1999–2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey is a population-based survey of noninstitutionalized U.S. adults. Current drinkers aged 20–84 yr without cardiovascular disease who had complete data on the metabolic syndrome and drinking patterns were included in the analysis (n = 1529). The metabolic abnormalities comprising the metabolic syndrome included having three of the following: impaired fasting glucose/diabetes mellitus, high triglycerides, abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, and low high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol. Measures of alcohol consumption included usual quantity consumed, drinking frequency, and frequency of binge drinking. Results: In multinomial logistic regression models controlling for demographics, family history of cardiovascular disease and diabetes, and lifestyle factors, increased risk of the metabolic syndrome was associated with daily consumption that exceeded U.S. dietary guideline recommendations (more than one drink per drinking day for women and more than two drinks per drinking day for men (odds ratio 1.60, 95% confidence interval 1.22–2.11) and binge drinking once per week or more [odds ratio (95% confidence interval) 1.51 (1.01–2.29]. By individual metabolic abnormality, drinking in excess of the dietary guidelines was associated with an increased risk of impaired fasting glucose/diabetes mellitus, hypertriglyceridemia, abdominal obesity, and high blood pressure. Conclusion: Public health messages should emphasize the potential cardiometabolic risk associated with drinking in excess of national guidelines and binge drinking.

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Reduced cardiovagal baroreflex gain in visceral obesity: implications for the metabolic syndrome

AJP Heart and Circulatory Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpheart.00642.2001 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 282 (2) ◽

pp. H630-H635 ◽

Cited By ~ 69

Author(s):

Stacy D. Beske ◽

Guy E. Alvarez ◽

Tasha P. Ballard ◽

Kevin P. Davy

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Visceral Fat ◽

Subcutaneous Fat ◽

Visceral Obesity ◽

Abdominal Fat ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Wide Range ◽

Abdominal Visceral Fat ◽

Total Body

The influence of excess total and abdominal adiposity on cardiovagal baroreflex gain remains unclear. We tested the hypotheses that cardiovagal baroreflex gain would be reduced in men with 1) higher [higher fat (HF), mass >20 kg, n = 11] compared with lower [lower fat (LF), mass <20 kg, n = 10] levels of total body and abdominal fat and 2) higher abdominal visceral fat (HAVF; n = 10) compared with total body weight- and subcutaneous fat-matched peers with lower abdominal visceral fat (LAVF; n = 7) levels. To accomplish this, we measured cardiovagal baroreflex gain (modified Oxford technique), body composition (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry), and abdominal visceral and subcutaneous fat (computed tomography) in sedentary men (age, 18–40 yr; body mass index, <34.9 kg/m2) across a wide range of adiposity. Cardiovagal baroreflex gain was significantly lower in HF compared with LF (14.3 ± 2.8 vs. 21.4 ± 2.8 ms/mmHg, respectively). In addition, cardiovagal baroreflex gain was lower in HAVF compared with LAVF (13.0 ± 2.0 vs. 21.4 ± 3.6 ms/mmHg, P< 0.05). Therefore, the results of the present study indicate that cardiovagal baroreflex gain is reduced in men with elevated total body and abdominal fat mass. The reduced cardiovagal baroreflex gain in these individuals appears to be linked to their higher level of abdominal visceral fat. Importantly, reduced cardiovagal baroreflex gain may contribute to the increased risk of cardiovascular disease observed in men with the metabolic syndrome.

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Beneficial Effects of Multicomponent Functional Foods in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome

10.20944/preprints201811.0015.v1 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Simona Dragan ◽

Georgiana Damian ◽

Dana Velimirovici ◽

Maria Rada ◽

Delia Berceanu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Plasma Lipids ◽

Grape Juice ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Trial Testing ◽

Balsamic Vinegar ◽

Group 3 ◽

And Oxidative Stress

The ANTIATERO-ALIM study was a randomized, parallel design nutritional trial testing functional food (FF) diets against the usual diet recommended in the metabolic syndrome. Functional meals included balsamic vinegar from apples and honey and grape juice enriched with polyphenols from seeds of red grapes. 300 patients with metabolic syndrome were randomized into 4 groups: gr.1: FF + Ω-3 supplements, gr.2: FF, gr.3: Ω-3 supplements, gr.4: control. IRHOMA insulin resistance, plasma lipids and oxidative stress were assessed at inclusion and at 6 months. After 6 months there was a very significant decrease of oxidative stress in group 3, followed by a significant decrease in groups 1 and 2.

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Attenuation of Diabetes-induced Cardiac and Subcellular Defects by Sulphur-containing Amino Acids

Current Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/0929867324666170705115207 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 336-345 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Paramjit S. Tappia ◽

Adriana Adameova ◽

Naranjan S. Dhalla

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Amino Acids ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Blood Lipid ◽

Cardiovascular Complications ◽

Blood Lipid Profile ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Risk Of Mortality ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Patients With Diabetes

Background: Patients with diabetes mellitus have an increased risk of mortality due to cardiovascular complications. Supplementation with specific sulphur-containing amino acids is rapidly emerging as a possible therapeutic adjuvant for diabetes and associated cardiovascular complications. Observations: It is well-known that oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetes-induced cardiovascular disease, which is invariably associated with abnormal blood lipid profile, insulin resistance and other symptoms of metabolic syndrome. Cysteine and taurine are among the most common sulphur-containing amino acids and their cellular levels decline during diabetes that may contribute to the development of the cardiomyopathy. Although sulphur-containing agents exert multiple actions on cellular and subcellular functions in the heart, they also exhibit antioxidant properties and thus may exert beneficial effects in different pathophysiological conditions. Conclusion: It is concluded that reduction of oxidative stress by cysteine and taurine may serve as an important mechanism for the attenuation of diabetes-induced subcellular and functional abnormalities in the heart.

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