scholarly journals The infertile couple: a cohort study in Duhok, Iraq

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 234-238
Author(s):  
A. H. Razzak ◽  
S. A. Wais
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Male Infertility ◽  
Endometrial Biopsy ◽  
Unexplained Infertility ◽  
Female Infertility ◽  
Serum Prolactin ◽  
Infertile Couple ◽  
Secondary Infertility ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Primary Infertility

From January 2000 to May 2001 causes of infertility were studied for 250 couples, 193 [77.2%] of whom had primary infertility and 57 [22.8%] had secondary infertility. Male infertility was found in 36.8% of cases. The most common cause of female infertility was ovulation disorders [41%] while tubal obstruction contributed to only 5% of cases. Only 15% of the couples had unexplained infertility. Galactorrhoea and/or increased serum prolactin was seen in 60% of cases. Ultrasonographic detection of mature follicles was consistent with the results of cervical mucus study and endometrial biopsy in 90% of cases.

Clinical patterns and major causes of infertility among Sudanese couples

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 243-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsir A Elussein ◽  
Yagoub M Magid ◽  
Maha M Omer ◽  
Ishag Adam
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Male Infertility ◽  
Clinical Management ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Secondary Infertility ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Primary Infertility ◽  
The Mean

An understanding of the medical causes of infertility is crucial in order to reduce incidences of Infertility and for improving the clinical management of infertility. Although there were much data on infertility in other African countries, no data exist on infertility in Sudan. Seven hundred and ten Sudanese couples were investigated for the infertility in Khartoum Fertility Center, Sudan: 443 (62.4%) had primary infertility and 267 (37.6%) had secondary infertility. The mean (standard deviation) duration of the infertility was 5.2 (4.3) years. A positive male factor alone was found in 257 (36.2%) couples and a female factor in 350 (49.3%) couples: eleven (1.5%) couples had a combination of male and female factors: and the cause of infertility was unexplained in 92 (13.0%) couples. Oligozoospermia and asthenozoospermia were factors responsible for 16.8% and 17.5% of male infertility, respectively. Failure of ovulation (60.3%) was the most common cause of female infertility. The study revealed a high proportion of secondary infertility and a greater contribution of the female factors to infertility.

scholarly journals Laparoscopy as a diagnostic tool in evaluation of female factors in infertility

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaitra Krishna ◽  
Prathima S. ◽  
Savitha Chandraiah ◽  
Anitha G. S.
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Laparoscopy ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Infertile Couple ◽  
Polycystic Ovaries ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Secondary Infertility ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Primary Infertility

Background: Infertility leads to considerable personal suffering and disruption of family life. According to United Nations "Reproductive health is a state of complete physical mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity in all matters relating to the reproductive system and to its functions and processes". The objective of present study was to find out different causes of female infertility with diagnostic laparoscopy and their comparative frequency in primary and secondary infertility.Methods: It is a prospective study conducted on all infertile women and they underwent diagnostic laparoscopy for primary and secondary infertility during the study period. Couples who had not lived together for at least 12 months, and those with male factor infertility were excluded. Data were collected on a proforma, and analyzed on SPSS package for windows version 10. Frequencies were calculated for laparoscopic findings regarding primary and secondary infertility.Results: Fifty infertile women underwent laparoscopy during the study period, 35 (70%) had primary infertility while 15 (30%) secondary infertility. 10 (28.5%) patients with primary and 3 (20%) patients with secondary infertility had no visible abnormality. The common finding was tubal blockage in 10 (28.5%) and 5 (33.3%) cases of primary and secondary infertility respectively. 9 (25.7%) cases of primary infertility were detected as polycystic ovaries (PCO) and 2 (13.3%) in cases of secondary infertility. Endometriosis was found in 1 case with primary infertility and 2 (13.3%) cases with secondary infertility. Fibroid was found in 3 (8.57%) and 1 (6.6%) cases of primary and secondary infertility respectively.Conclusions: Most common causes responsible for infertility were tubal occlusion and polycystic ovary. Infertile couple should be thoroughly investigated. Laparoscopy in infertility can be used for a definitive diagnosis.

scholarly journals Prevalence of infertility in Sudan: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah A. A. ◽  
Musa Ahmed ◽  
Adesina Oladokun
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Male Infertility ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Secondary Infertility ◽  
Primary Infertility ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Common Causes

Background/aim: Infertility is defined as the inability of heterosexual couples to achieve a successful clinically recognizable pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular, unprotected sexual intercourse. Infertility estimations are very important to inform the healthcare policymakers and governments to implement appropriate social and economic policies. Thus, this study aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of infertility (primary and secondary) and its etiologic factors in Sudan. Methods: This study included all published and unpublished studies written in Arabic or English. Electronic sources (namely, PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and ClinicalTrials.gov) and nonelectronic sources (direct Google search, Google Scholar, OpenGrey, OATD, WorldCat log, and university websites) were used from their inception to May 16, 2021. A total of 1955 studies were reviewed, of which only 20 studies were eligible for the meta-analysis. Studies were eligible if they provided the prevalence of infertility in Sudan. The Joanna Briggs Institute Quality Assessment Tool was used to evaluate each study. Data synthesis and statistical analysis were conducted using Jeffrey's Amazing Statistics Program version 0.14.1.0. Results: The pooled prevalence of overall infertility, primary infertility, and secondary infertility in Sudan were 13% (I2 = 96.45, p < 0.001), 65% (I2 = 98.5, p < 0.001), and 35% (I2 = 98.5, p < 0.001), respectively, and the prevalence of infertility factors were 41%, 27%, 16%, and 17% for female, male, combined factors, and unexplained factors, respectively. Women with infertility were mainly present because of ovulatory disorders (ovulatory factors, 36%; polycystic ovary syndrome, 38%). By contrast, spermatic disorders such as azoospermia (37%), oligozoospermia (30%), and asthenozoospermia (30%) were the main causes of male infertility. Conclusion: In Sudan, the prevalence of primary infertility is higher than that of secondary infertility. Female factors were the most common causes of infertility in Sudan, and this study found a high prevalence of unexplained factors. Polycystic ovary syndrome and azoospermia were the most common causes of female and male infertility in Sudan, respectively. The interpretation of these findings should take into consideration the presence of substantial heterogeneity between the included studies.

THE VELOCITY CHARACTERISTICS OF SPERM MOVEMENT BY CASA MACHINE

2013 ◽  
pp. 70-75
Author(s):  
Anh Thu Nguyen ◽  
Duc Phan Tran
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Secondary Infertility ◽  
Progressive Motility ◽  
Primary Infertility ◽  
Key Words Male Infertility ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sperm Movement

Objective: To study the velocity characteristics of sperm movement by CASA machine. Materials and Method: Using description method, we analyse speed of 136 semen samples in male infertilities. Results: (i) In the primary infertile males group: the rate of patients with mobile speed of sperm <30µm/s is 3.64%, > 30-40µm/s is 25.45%, > 40-50µm/s is 50.91% and > 50 µm/s is 20%. These indicators in the secondary infertile males group as follow: 6.17%, 18.52%, 51.85 %, and 23.46%; (ii) The rate of samples with sperm progressive motility ≥ 25% in primary and secondary infertilities was no statistically significant difference. Discussion: using the rate of sperm progressive motility, we can’t identify the different between primary and secondary infertility, however speed of sperms were different. Conclusion: Measuring the speed of sperm provide the characteristics of male infertility. Key words: Male infertility, sperm, sperm motility, primary infertility, secondary infertility.

scholarly journals Laparoscopic Evaluation of Female Factor in Bangladeshi Infertile Couple

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
Umme Ruman ◽  
TA Chowdhury ◽  
Nusrat Mahmud ◽  
Tanjeem S Chowdhury ◽  
Samira H Habib
Keyword(s):  
Clinical History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Pelvic Surgery ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Infertile Couple ◽  
Polycystic Ovaries ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Secondary Infertility ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Primary Infertility

Background: Infertility prevails in good number in our society, causing social disharmony and distress. Laparoscopy is now a very effective tool for diagnosis and evaluation of female infertility. Method: This cross sectional study was conducted in Infertility Unit of Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM) General Hospital, from July, 2012 to June 2014. The aim of the study is to identify common pelvic pathologies of female factor infertility by laparoscopy so that early detection and treatment modalities can be instituted. Total 230 sub fertile patients attending OPD were selected for this study. Patients with DM, HTN, known case of hypothyroidism and male factor infertility was excluded from study. Detailed clinical history of every patient was recorded on a pre-set questionnaire and physical examination was performed. Laparoscopy was scheduled in proliferative phase of menstrual cycle. Results: Among the study subjects, 130 (56.5%) had primary infertility while 100 (43.5%) secondary infertility. On laparoscopy, 64.4% patient had normal sized uterus, 31 % had bulky uterus. Two patients had bicornuate uterus in secondary infertility cases. Uterus was restricted in mobility in 41% of patients due to endometriosis, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) or previous pelvic surgery. Fibroid uterus was detected in 30(13%) and 10(4.3%) cases of primary and secondary infertility cases respectively. Bilateral tubal blockage was present in 16(6.9%) and 17 (7.4%) cases of primary and secondary infertility respectively. Forty (17.4%) cases of primary infertility were detected as polycystic ovaries (PCO) which was 30(13%) in cases of secondary infertility. Endometriosis was found in total 9(3.9%) patient in both the groups. Pelvic adhesion was found in 22(9.5%) and 21 (9.1%) cases of primary and secondary infertility respectively. Conclusion: Laparoscopy could diagnose a substantial number of portion pelvic pathology. In a developing country like Bangladesh, earlier and justified intervention with laparoscopy can save time and expense of infertility treatment by diagnosing pelvic factor responsible for infertility. Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2018; Vol. 33(1) : 29-35

scholarly journals Spectrum of hysterosalpingographic findings among women presenting with infertility in Abuja, Nigeria’s capital

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1583
Author(s):  
Ukamaka D. Itanyi ◽  
Hadijat O. Oluseyi
Keyword(s):  
Uterine Fibroid ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Female Infertility ◽  
Major Contributor ◽  
Fallopian Tubes ◽  
Secondary Infertility ◽  
Primary Infertility ◽  
Endometrial Cavity ◽  
Age Range

 Background: Hysterosalpingography HSG provides the outline of the endometrial canal and fallopian tubes and is an invaluable imaging modality in the investigative management of infertility especially in resource challenged environments. The objective of the study was to review the hysterosalpingographic (HSG) findings in women investigated for infertility in Abuja, Nigeria’s capital.Methods: This is a descriptive review of retrospective radiologic reports of 219 patients who underwent HSG as part of infertility investigation over a three-year period (2013-2015) in University of Abuja teaching Hospital.Results: A total of 219 reports were reviewed with age range of 20-53years (mean 33.9 ±5.7 2SD) years. Majority were between the ages of 26-37 years (n=102, 33.6%). Secondary infertility was the indication in 172 (78.5%) and primary infertility in 47 (21.5%). Majority of the women (n=149, 68%) had hysterosalpingographic abnormalities with Tuboperitoneal pathology as the prevalent finding in 112 (75.2%) of the cases either as a single pathology or coexisting with intrauterine abnormality. The most common endometrial cavity abnormality was uterine Fibroid seen in 53, (35.6%) women.Conclusions: Hysterosalpingography remains very important in the investigation of infertility in our center with tuboperitoneal pathology as the major contributor to female infertility.

scholarly journals Role of hysterolaparoscopy in the evaluation of female infertility in a tertiary care centre

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 4955
Author(s):  
Bharti Choudhary Parihar ◽  
S. Gowri
Keyword(s):  
Social Stigma ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Female Infertility ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Secondary Infertility ◽  
Primary Infertility ◽  
Tubal Blockage ◽  
Gandhi Medical College ◽  
Infertile Patients

Background: Infertility is one of the most important and underappreciated reproductive health problems in developing countries. Inability to conceive bears a social stigma which causes societal repercussion and personal suffering. The advent of hysterolaparoscopy have redefined the evaluation and treatment of infertile women. Study aimed to assess the role of hysterolaparoscopy in the evaluation of female infertility.Methods: This prospective observational study was done in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology, Gandhi Medical College, Sultania Zanana Hospital, Bhopal, during the period between 1st December 2016 to 30th November 2017. 104 infertile patients either with primary or secondary infertility were included after thorough evaluation.Results: Out of 104 infertile patients, 82(78.8%) women had primary infertility and rest 22(21.1%) women had secondary infertility. In primary infertility group, most common laparoscopic finding was PCOD in 24(29%) women and in secondary infertility group, tubal blockage was seen in 9(40%) women. The most common pathology seen in hysteroscopy was submucous fibroid in 6(7.3%) women with primary infertility, whereas in secondary infertility group, synechiae was found in 2(9%) patients and septum was seen in 1(4.5%) patient. Out of 104 patients, 33 (31.7%) patients underwent various interventions. The most common intervention was ovarian drilling for PCOS in 21(63.3%) patients followed by hysteroscopic cannulation in 5(15.5%) patients.Conclusions: Hysterolaparoscopy is a very useful tool that can detect various structural abnormalities in multiple sites like uterus, tubes, ovaries and peritoneal cavity in the same sitting. When done by experienced hands and proper selection of patients, hysterolaparoscopy can be considered as a definitive investigative procedure for evaluation of female infertility.

scholarly journals INFERTILITY: STILL AN ENIGMA

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (04) ◽  
pp. 654-659
Author(s):  
SAIMA QURESHI ◽  
SHAHIDA KHALIQ ◽  
MAHNAAZ ROOHI ◽  
NAZIA MUSSARAT
Keyword(s):  
Management Plan ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Infertile Couple ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Secondary Infertility ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Primary Infertility ◽  
Sample Technique ◽  
Tubal Factor ◽  
Group 2

Objectives: (1) To find out the major causative factors in primary versus secondary infertility in study group. (2) To suggest an easy plan of investigation for an infertile couple. Study Design: Descriptive study. Setting: Gynecology & Obstetric Unit in Independent University Hospital, Faisalabad. Period: Two years from Jan 2008 to Dec 2009. Material & Methods: Convenience sample technique was used to collect the patients. Results: Anovulation had contributed 20% in primary infertility and 16% in secondary infertility. Tubal factor wasmore common in secondary infertility. Male factor was 40% in primary infertility and 16% secondary infertility. Conclusions: Counseling, reassurance and efficient, timely and appropriate management plan is essential to minimize the distress of infertile couples. 

scholarly journals Role of diagnostic hysterolaparoscopy in the evaluation of female infertility

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1531
Author(s):  
Madhuri N. ◽  
Rashmi H. S. ◽  
Sujatha M. S. ◽  
Dhanyata G.
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Female Infertility ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Secondary Infertility ◽  
Unprotected Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Primary Infertility

Background: Infertility is defined by WHO as a disease of the reproductive system defined by the failure to achieve a clinical pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular unprotected sexual intercourse. The prevalence of infertility is about 10%-15% of reproductive age couples. Female factor is responsible for 40-45% of etiology of infertility. Aim of the study was to evaluate the role of diagnostic hysterolaparoscopy in female infertility at a tertiary care centre.Methods: This is a retrospective hospital based study done at a tertiary care hospital attached to JSS Medical College, Mysuru between January 2017 and December 2018. Infertile women with primary or secondary infertility in the 18-40 years age group, with normal hormonal profile and no known male factor were included.Results: In our study, primary infertility was found in 77% of the 96 patients and secondary infertility was found in 23% of patients. In primary infertility, ovarian pathology was the most common finding while Endometriosis was the most common finding in secondary infertility group. 77 % patients were found to have bilaterally patent tubes while remaining had unilateral or bilateral blockage. On hysteroscopy, endometrial polyps were the commonest hysteroscopic finding in both groups.Conclusions: Combined hystero-laparoscopy is a safe, effective and reliable method in comprehensive evaluation of infertility. It helps in the diagnosis of pelvic pathology which may have been missed by routine examination and thereby helps in optimal management of female infertility.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study to find the prevalence of hyperprolactinemia in infertile euthyroid patients in a hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 4398
Author(s):  
Sanjay Badesara ◽  
Kiran Jakhar
Keyword(s):  
Prolactin Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Serum Prolactin ◽  
Serum Prolactin Level ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Secondary Infertility ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Primary Infertility ◽  
Euthyroid Status ◽  
One Year

Background: Infertility whether primary or secondary, has multi-factorial causation, out of which hormonal imbalance is one of the important factors. Current study evaluates the prevalence of hyperprolactinemia in infertile euthyroid women.Methods: After Ethics Committee approval and written informed consent, all infertile euthyroid women (n=153) with age group 20-40 years attending outpatient department of general hospital, with marriage duration of at least one year and willing to participate in study were recruited. Male factor infertility, women with diagnosed hyperprolactinemia, thyroid abnormality, tubal factors, any congenital anomaly of urogenital tract or obvious organic lesion or with history of anxiety or other psychological disorders and on treatment for same were excluded. Detailed obstetrics history with relevant laboratory, radiological investigations including serum prolactin level was done.Results: Mean serum prolactin level was 13.89±10.03 ng/ml. Out of 153 participants, 13 had hyperprolactinemia which comprised 8.50% of the sample. The mean of the level of serum prolactin level in primary infertility cases was 13.18±8.485 ng/ml while that in secondary infertility was 17.21±15.1 ng/ml. Primary infertility was approximately half (53.85%) in hyperprolactinemia group and majority (85%) in normoprolactinemia group. Duration of married life, infertility and fasting blood sugar were positively correlated with prolactin levels.Conclusions: Prevalence of hyperprolactinemia was 8.50% with higher serum prolactin level in secondary infertility as compared to primary infertility. So, estimation of serum prolactin levels in infertile patients with euthyroid status can help to a large extent in finding the cause of infertility and may help in further management.

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