STUDY OF DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS OF THE BUKHARA EMIRATE IN MODERN RUSSIAN HISTORIORGRAPHY

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Rustam Shukurov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Diplomatic Relations ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Research Analysis ◽  
Modern Russian

The article presents the scientific conclusions of modern historiographic research on the history of diplomatic relations of the Bukhara Emirate. The object of the research is the analysis of the history of the activities of Alexander Burns, who carried out a diplomatic mission in Central Asia in the first quarter of the 19th century. The history of the diplomatic missions of the Russian and British empires in relation to the Bukhara Emirate is highlighted. Although most of the research on the history of the Bukhara Emirate has been carried out by historians from Uzbekistan, Russia and Tajikistan, historians from Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan can also be found.Index Terms:Bukhara Emirate, embassy, diplomacy, expedition, mission, historiography, research, analysis, conclusion

The Uyghurs: Making a Nation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Brophy
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Russian Revolution ◽  
State Recognition ◽  
Russian Territory ◽  
The First World War ◽  
History Of ◽  
Muslim Intellectuals ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
First World

The Uyghurs comprise a Turkic-speaking and predominantly Muslim nationality of China, with communities living in the independent republics of Central Asia that date to the 19th century, and now a global diaspora. As in the case of many national histories, the consolidation of a Uyghur nation was an early 20th-century innovation, which appropriated and revived the legacy of an earlier Uyghur people in Central Asia. This imagined past was grounded in the history of a Uyghur nomadic state and its successor principalities in Gansu and the Hami-Turfan region (known to Islamic geographers as “Uyghuristan”). From the late 19th century onward, the scholarly rediscovery of a Uyghur past in Central Asia presented an attractive civilizational narrative to Muslim intellectuals across Eurasia who were interested in forms of “Turkist” racial thinking. During the First World War, Muslim émigrés from Xinjiang (Chinese Turkistan) living in Russian territory laid claim to the Uyghur legacy as part of their communal genealogy. This group of budding “Uyghurists” then took advantage of conditions created by the Russian Revolution, particularly in the 1920s, to effect a radical redefinition of the community. In the wake of 1917, Uyghurist discourse was first mobilized as a cultural rallying point for all Muslims with links to China; it was then refracted through the lens of Soviet nationalities policy and made to conform with the Stalinist template of the nation. From Soviet territory, the newly refined idea of a Uyghur nation was exported to Xinjiang through official and unofficial conduits, and in the 1930s the Uyghur identity of Xinjiang’s Muslim majority was given state recognition. Since then, Uyghur nationhood has been a pillar of Beijing’s minzu system but has also provided grounds for opposition to Beijing’s policies, which many Uyghurs feel have failed to realize the rights that should accord to them as an Uyghur nation.

THE LANGUAGE POLICY IN TURKIC STATES AND COMMUNITIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-237
Author(s):  
Elchin Ibrahimov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Language Policy ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Literary Language ◽  
First Order ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The 19Th Century

The history of the language policy of the Turks begins with the work Divanu lugat at-turk, written by Mahmud Kashgari in the 11th century. Despite the fact that the XI-XVII centuries were a mixed period for the language policy of the Turkic states and communities, it contained many guiding and important questions for subsequent stages. Issues of language policy, originating from the work of Kashgari, continued with the publication in 1277 of the first order in the Turkic language by Mehmet-bey Karamanoglu, who is one of the most prominent figures in Anatolian Turkic history, and culminated in the creation of the impeccable work Divan in the Turkic language by the great Azerbaijani poet Imadaddin Nasimi who lived in the late XIV - early XV centuries. Later, the great Uzbek poet of the 15th century, Alisher Navoi, improved the Turkic language both culturally and literally, putting it on a par with the two most influential languages of that time, Arabic and Persian. The appeal to the Turkic language and the revival of the Turkic language in literature before Alisher Navoi, the emergence of the Turkic language, both in Azerbaijan and in Anatolia and Central Asia, as well as in the works of I. Nasimi, G. Burkhanaddin, Y. Emre, Mevlana, made this the language of the common literary language of the Turkic tribes: Uzbeks, Kazakhs-Kyrgyz, Turkmens of Central Asia, Idil-Ural Turks, Uighurs, Karakhanids, Khorezmians and Kashgharts. This situation continued until the 19th century. This article highlights the history of the language policy of the Turkic states and communities.

scholarly journals The Slavic Qur’an Translation of the 16th–18th Centuries: Poland and Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 45-82
Author(s):  
D. V. Mukhetdinov
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
The West ◽  
Research Cycle ◽  
History Of ◽  
Grand Duchy Of Lithuania ◽  
Ethnocultural Group ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Grand Duchy ◽  
Modern Russian

This paper aims to continue and develop the research cycle on history of Qur’an translations in Europe. The paper deals with rethinking of possible background of Russian Qur’an translations, commonly traced back up to the first half of the 19th century. Ca. 1800 the tradition of Qur’an translating in Russia was already rich and varied in its scientific, literary and religious contexts. However, its origin could be found in the earlier similar tradition of Lithuanian Tatars, which was developed at least from the 16th century in intellectual space of the three states, namely Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Rzeczpospolita and Tsardom of Russia. This Muslim ethnocultural group shaped their own Qur’an translation school in the West Russian (Ruthenian, Old Belorusian) language closely related to modern Russian.

scholarly journals Journey From Central Asia To Mecca In The 19th Century: Roads And Conditions (Based On Muntahab Ut-Tawarikh)

2020 ◽  
Vol 02 (11) ◽  
pp. 350-355
Author(s):  
Guldona Mamanovna Tanieva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
History Of ◽  
Central Route ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Southern Route

It is known that in the XVI-early XX centuries there were three main routes from Central Asia to Mecca - the northern route through the territory of the Russian Empire, the southern route through India and the central route through Iran. It is through these routes that a number of works dedicated to the memories of the pilgrimage by some pilgrims who have made the pilgrimage have come down to us. They contain very valuable information about the history of the pilgrimages of the peoples of Central Asia, the ways of pilgrimage and the conditions in them.

TROOPS OF THE TURKESTAN MILITARY DISTRICT IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE XIX CENTURY: TO THE QUESTION OF MATERIAL SUPPORT

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
Timur Raishev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Material Support ◽  
Keen Interest ◽  
History Of ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
The 19Th Century

Among the topical issues of the history of the Turkestan Territory in the second half of the 19th century, which continue to arouse keen interest of domestic and foreign scientists today, is the uniform of the troops of the Turkestan Military District. In the scientific literature, no studies have been found that would comprehensively illuminate the issues of the dress of the Russian imperial troops who served in Central Asia

TASHKENT THE PRINCE THE FATE OF UZBEKISTAN NATIONAL ARCHIVE IN THE DOCUMENTS

Infolib ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 84-86
Author(s):  
Nasriddin Mirzaev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
National Archive ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Asian Cities ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
New Finding ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ottoman Turkey ◽  
The 19Th Century

This article describes the history of Sultan Muhammad Pahlavi which lived in the 19th century. In particular, archival documents show us his migration from Central Asia to Ottoman Turkey and his activities in some regions there. New finding of archival documents about Sultan Muhammad refer to him as the «Prince of Tashkent», that is «Khanzada» and indicate that he was a descendant of Yunus Khan (1416–1487), who ruled in Tashkent (1485–1487). The article analyzes the documents of Sultan Muhammad’s arrival from Ottoman Turkey to his native Central Asian cities. It was concluded that most of the archival documents found in his possession were related to his activities in Turkey.

scholarly journals Administrative Policy or Administrative Dreams?

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Pochekaev
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Legal History ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Chronological Order ◽  
Administrative Policy ◽  
Russian State ◽  
History Of ◽  
Regional Authorities ◽  
The 19Th Century

In his monograph The Burden of the Empire. The Administrative Policy of Russia in Central Asia. Second Half of the 19th Century, D. V. Vasilyev analyses imperial Russian policy in the region, focusing on the administration of the steppe provinces and Russian Turkestan between 1865 and 1891. This approach allows the author to observe the evolution of views of the central and regional authorities responsible for the administration of these regions and compare broader imperial policy. The monograph is innovative, as it provides a parallel examination of Russian policy in the steppe provinces and in Russian Turkestan, with the author analysing draft regulations in chronological order. The measures taken to adapt the administrative system in both regions are considered at specific stages of their development. Vasilyev refers to new archival materials, which should be of interest both to researchers of the imperial Russian policy in Central Asia and specialists in the administrative and legal history of the Russian state. Careful and comprehensive analysis of the sources offers the reader an informed perspective on these documents and makes it possible to trace specific aspects and changes in imperial policy.

scholarly journals К вопросу присоединения Средней Азии к России (обзор некоторых башкирских письменных источников второй половины XIX в.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1234-1242
Author(s):  
Minlegali Kh. Nadergulov ◽  
◽  
Ilshat S. Igdavletov
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Ethnic Composition ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Federal Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century

Introduction. The article studies southeastern policies of the Russian Empire in the second half of the 19th century, its campaigns and the annexation of Central Asia. Goals. The work analyzes reasons for the activation of foreign policy in the region during the mentioned period. The course and goals of the conquest of the Khanates of Kokand and Khiva, Emirate of Bukhara are considered. Materials. The paper investigates data contained in reports by the State Councilor М. Bekchurin, and one more document ― Arabic-script travel records (manuscript) by a private soldier Husniyar currently stored at the Manuscript Collection of the Institute of History, Language and Literature (Ufa Federal Research Centre of the RAS) and for the first time studied as a historical source. Results. Messages about the beauty of Eastern cities and Asian wealth had long attracted attention of Russian monarchs. Finally, Russia’s attempts to penetrate into Central Asia were crowned with success. In just two decades, the vast country further extended its borders far to the south and became a neighbor of another one ― the British Empire. Nowadays, the study of the history of establishing relations with Kazakhstan and Central Asia, when the southeastern borders of Russia almost returned to those of the early 18th century, is relevant and practically expedient. Reports by State Councilor M. Bekchurin reveal the economic objectives of the government: Russian industry and trade were looking for new markets for their products. So, M. Bekchurin gives his suggestions how to facilitate the growth of trade. The manuscript of Husniyar’s travel notes contains observations of an ordinary soldier, his attitude and experience as a Muslim in the campaign against his co-religionists. The source makes it possible to present the set and route of one military formation. Both the documents provide an opportunity to depict this region in the late 19th century. Currently, there are independent countries across this territory with different state borders, and the ethnic composition of many settlements has changed significantly.

scholarly journals Germany as a contract partner of Serbia and Yugoslavia 1882-1992

2002 ◽  
pp. 287-318
Author(s):  
Branko Pavlica
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Former Yugoslavia ◽  
Diplomatic Relations ◽  
Bilateral Contracts ◽  
History Of ◽  
Trade War ◽  
State Relations ◽  
Kingdom Of Yugoslavia ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Inter State

Continuously from 1882 to 1992 (till the disintegration of the former Yugoslavia), Germany was the contract partner of Serbia, that is The Kingdom of Yugoslavia, that is the SFR of Yugoslavia. In spite of belligerent relations (disruption of diplomatic relations, discontinuity of contract practice) Germany occupied an extremely significant place within the international contract capacity of Serbia in the 19th century, that is of The Kingdom of Yugoslavia between the two wars, and specially in the period from 1934. to 1941, that is of Yugoslavia in the period from 1949 to 1990. Precisely the history of international contracts - bilateral Serbian/Yugoslav-German contracts - is also the "history of (their) inter-state relations". Diplomatic political, trade, war or any other relations - one could always find their traces in bilateral contracts; the contracts regulated these relations and it could be said that the bilateral contracts are today the most important source of comprehensive and developed relations between the two countries. Actually bilateral contracts are the legal instruments for the regulation of relations between states.

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