scholarly journals Analyzing policy processes as complex systems: The case of Mesoamerican Sustainable Development Initiative.Analyzing policy processes as complex systems: Mesoamerican Sustainable Development Initiative.

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (1/2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Almaguer-Kalixto ◽  
José A. Amozurrutia ◽  
Chaime Marcuello Servós

This paper presents a research methodology for analyzing policy processes that are defined at the global level but implemented locally. The interrelations between these two levels pose great conceptual challenges in explaining the changes, transformations and continuations occurring in this complex process based on empirical information. Understanding the policy process as a complex system, this paper proposes analyzing macro, meso and micro levels as subsystems of the total process, identifying the interrelations between policy action, actors and discourses. The paper takes the example of the Mesoamerican Sustainable Development Initiative (MSDI) of the Puebla Panama Plan (PPP), a regional integration plan for a new ‘Mesoamerica’ that originally included the seven Central American countries and the southern states of Mexico.

1970 ◽  
Vol 12 (1/2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Paetau

  The present issue of the JOURNAL OF SOCIOCYBERNETICS is the last edition under my responsibility. In January 2015 the quite recently elected board of the ISA-Research Committee 51 will take up its work and Fabio Giglietto, Professor at the Department of Communication and Human Studies of the University of Urbino “Carlo Bo” (http://www.uniurb.it) and research fellow of the Center for Sociocybernetics Studies (http://www.sociocybernetics.eu), will commence as the new journal editor. During the last four years Fabio Giglietto, already was a member of the editorial board of our Journal. I wish him and the new board continued success and all the best for the upcoming period. The current edition includes articles applying several theoretical aspects of complexity analysis on different empirical cases. In their article "Reflections on the Complexity of Ancient Social Heterarchies: Toward New Models of Social Self-Organization in Pre-Hispanic Colombia" Nathalie Mezza-Garcia, Tom Froese and Nelson Fernández face the limitations which hierarchical and centrally controlled systems have in their information processes with respect to manage large-scale crisis and challenges. With reference to historical examples in pre-Hispanic Colombia, specifically the cultures of the Zenú, the Muiscas and the Tayronas, the authors propose that creating and analyzing computer models of their heterarchically and decentralized processes of management could provide a broader perspective on the possibilities of self-organized political systems. In his article "The Paradox of Social Ties after the ICT Revolution: A Second-Order Observation" Saburo Akahori explores what kinds of distinctions are used when the change of social systems is observed. His analysis refers on the question of significance of social ties in Japan, which has repeatedly been emphasized in recent years. One example is the frequency of use of the Japanese word kizuna which means bond. It sounds odd because conventionally kizuna indicates intimate, continuous relationships, not temporary relationships. Even though the word kizuna means strong ties, now it also implies weak ties. Here the author asks for the reason why the strange usage of the word kizuna has become acceptable. Patricia E. Almaguer-Kalixto, José A. Amozurrutia, Chaime Marcuello Servós present in their paper "Policy Processes as Complex Systems: The case of Mesoamerican Sustainable Development Initiative" a research methodology for analyzing policy processes that are defined at the global level but implemented locally. The interrelations between these two levels pose great conceptual challenges in explaining the changes, transformations and continuations occurring in this complex process based on empirical information. Understanding the policy process as a complex system, the paper proposes analyzing macro, meso and micro levels as subsystems of the total process, identifying the interrelations between policy action, actors and discourses. The paper takes the example of the Mesoamerican Sustainable Development Initiative (MSDI) of the Puebla Panama Plan (PPP), a regional integration plan for a new ‘Mesoamerica’ that originally included the seven Central American countries and the southern states of Mexico. In her paper "Sustainable Technology Assessment and Sustainable Scenarios of Techno Social Phenomena" Michiko Amemiya-Ramírez describes sustainable technology as a technological subsystem with marginal or no negative impacts on other technological systems, as well as the environment, the society and the economy. To identify such technologies it is necessary to describe their behavior and their present and future interactions with those systems. Due to social dynamics, a complete assessment to identify sustainable technologies requires a hard systems analysis and a soft system analysis. A hard system analysis is useful to assess the interactions, behavior and characteristics of the technology quantitatively. A soft system analysis is convenient to describe other characteristics and interactions through qualitative and non measurable characteristics. For further issues of the JOURNAL OF SOCIOCYBERNETICS we invite scholars who have their background in the field of systems theory, sociocybernetics, information- and communication science and who apply this for studying various social phenomena regarding their complexity and dynamics, to submit articles for publication in the JOURNAL OF SOCIOCYBERNETICS. For submitting articles authors need to register with the journal prior to submitting. People who want to register have the option to register as a reader or as an author. Every reader or author can register by themselve using the journal's website. After clicking the register item they will be guided through the registration process. After registration they will be able to login by username and password and then authors may submit their papers. The system will immediately confirm the submission and will automatically trigger the review process. Authors will get an email with a URL that will enable them to track its progress through the editorial process once they are logged in. We recommend to review the "About the Journal” page for the journal's policies, as well as the "Author Guidelines".


Geodiversity presents overall diversity of relief shapes, processes and the diversity of landscape. It basically consists of geological, geomorphological and pedological diversity. The most interesting for tourism valorisation are karstic areas that cover over 50% of the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina. When it comes to geoparks, it is necessary to emphasize that such forms of protection have not yet been established in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The European Geopark Network exsist since 2000 and currently there are 140 geoparks in the 38 countries in Europe. Three geoparks stand out in our region; in Slovenia, Idrija and Karavanke (together with part in Austria) and Papuk in Croatia. Their main goals are promotion of geoheritage, protection of geodiversity and support of economic development through geotourism, with the inevitable participation of local communities. In the meantime, this initiative has been raised to a global level by including these areas in the newly adopted UNESCO program - International Geodetic and Geopark Program, which now has over 130 parks in 33 countries of the world. In our country, Blidinje Nature Park and the Protected landscape of Bijambare, have potential for becoming geopark. These parks would be based on promotion of the geological heritage, the geodiversity of the karst zone of Bosnia and Herzegovina, preservation of biodiversity and the protection of specific karst hydrography of this area. The plan for protecting these areas and potential admission to the European geopark network should primarily be based on a new legal framework and a plan that would include sustainable development of geotourism in Bosnia and Herzegovina.


2002 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet Newman

This paper argues that the study of social policy can be enriched by a greater focus on the dynamics of the policy process itself. Such a focus needs to transcend the usual descriptive accounts of institutions and implementation methods. The paper draws on a range of theoretical approaches that illuminate the shaping and delivery of policy, from classic theories of power and the state to analyses of the micro-dynamics of the policy–action relationship. The paper explores the contribution of recent developments in governance theory, and assesses contemporary debates about the ‘modernisation’ of the policy process and the focus on evaluating ‘what works’ in social policy.


2012 ◽  
Vol 544 ◽  
pp. 170-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Yan ◽  
Ping Jiang ◽  
Wei Jia Li ◽  
Jun Yan ◽  
Long Wen

Shipbuilding is a very important industry for its irreplaceable role into the sea transport and oceans exploration. But ship production design is a very complex process, causing the inefficiency of the shipbuilding. At the same time, the current situation of most shipbuilding enterprises is the multi-project environment and the resources among them are shared, the large and complex systems are hardly to simulate. In this research, a multi-resources oriented hierarchical timed petri net (HTPN) are constructed to model the ship production design process under the multi-project environment and a WFPN software is developed based on HTPN. To evaluate the efficiency and applicability of WFPN, a case study is conducted and the results show that it’s practicable. Beside on it, the analyses of the resource loads are also providing a way to promote the efficiency of the shipbuilding enterprises.


2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denielle M. Perry ◽  
Kate A. Berry

At the turn of the 21st century, protectionist policies in Latin America were largely abandoned for an agenda that promoted free trade and regional integration. Central America especially experienced an increase in international, interstate, and intraregional economic integration through trade liberalization. In 2004, such integration was on the agenda of every Central American administration, the U.S. Congress, and Mexico. The Plan Puebla-Panama (PPP) and the Central America Integrated Electricity System (SIEPAC), in particular, aimed to facilitate the success of free trade by increasing energy production and transmission on a unifi ed regional power grid (Mesoamerica, 2011). Meanwhile, for the United States, a free trade agreement (FTA) with Central America would bring it a step closer to realizing a hemispheric trade bloc while securing market access for its products. Isthmus states considered the potential for a Central America Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA) with the United States, their largest trading partner, as an opportunity to enter the global market on a united front. A decade and a half on, CAFTA, PPP, and SIEPAC are interwoven, complimentary initiatives that exemplify a shift towards increased free trade and development throughout the region. As such, to understand one, the other must be examined.


Author(s):  
James Hudnut-Beumler

Of all European faiths transplanted to what became the U.S. southern states, Roman Catholicism came first. Southern Catholicism was mostly confined to the Atlantic and Gulf coasts and the Ohio and Mississippi river valleys, leading a Glenmary priest to dub the interior “No Priest Land.” This chapter depicts the Catholic filling of the southern interior in four waves: first, select immigrant towns were established like Cullman, Alabama in the 19th century, home to a Benedictine monastery; a second wave came in the early and mid-20th century with the Glenmary Home Missioners and a colorful nun named Mother Angelica, determined in different ways to evangelize and serve the South; the third wave came from rustbelt transplant Catholics moving south for jobs, especially with the auto industry in the 1980s forward; finally, the fourth and largest wave is composed of Hispanic Catholics helping making the South’s states the fastest growing in Hispanic population 2000-2010. This chapter features visits to two fast growing Hispanic congregations, one largely Mexican in ethnicity, the other pan-Central American. The principal emerging religious feature for Catholicism in the South that it has quickly become the most immigrant-embracing form of Christianity in the region.


2022 ◽  
pp. 32-51
Author(s):  
Alex Nester Jiya ◽  
Ernest Roderick Falinya

The chapter seeks to provide insights on the alternatives for financing sustainable development in the Sub- Saharan Africa (SSA). It has been highlighted in the chapter that the region faces the danger of not attaining the SDGs due to poor political systems, climate change, high population growth and restricted economic growth and development. This comes in the midst of declining and unpredictable Official Development Assistance (ODA) plus other domestic and foreign financing instruments. Despite the constraints, the chapter has explored the potential for the region to attain and maintain the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) way beyond 2030. Sub-Saharan Africa has a lot of natural resources and a favorable demographic structure. Furthermore, the region has shown some signs of industrial development of late and increasing regional integration which are key to economic transformation. Finally, the chapter has highlighted some policy recommendations in order for the region to realise its potential and attain the SDGs.


2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 192057
Author(s):  
Balkrishna C. Rao

Frugal products possess a proper mix of features including minimal consumption of resources, good functionality under nominal conditions and low cost. Therefore, increasing use of frugal products, that are designed and also fabricated systematically, is crucial to all-round sustainable development . However, their low factor-of-safety rigorous-design makes them inherently prone to failure under conditions of overloading. And multitudes of such coupled-products would create topologies of interconnected complex systems in the foreseeable future whose individual products should be made to adapt against any events of failure to enhance functionality while maintaining low cost. Accordingly, this paper proposes a two-pronged methodology for adaptation of frugal products along with ramifications of complex systems of frugal products. The adaptation methodology is crucial to the functioning of individual and also networks of frugal products and this work accordingly explicates scenarios of ensuing networks. Other than application to various sectors including electric vehicles , a basic example of which is covered in this paper, the proposed adaptation-and-networking framework can also be applied to a growing numbers of sustainable products, which are frugal according to the terminology of this effort and hence prone to premature failure.


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