scholarly journals BANDITRY IN NIGERIA’S NORTHWEST: A REFLECTIVE PERSPECTIVE

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-224
Author(s):  
Isaac Adi ◽  
◽  
Joel Udochukwu Onyebuchi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
The Troubles ◽  
The Government ◽  
Northwest Region ◽  
Cattle Rustling

The menace of crime around the globe has raised the question of what underscore security. It draws attention to how criminals and their activities can be nipped in the bud. The concurrence of banditry activities in Nigeria's northwest region remains a ready case for discussion, giving the escalation in the number of cases of cattle rustling, kidnapping and other dreadful incidences affecting the residents of the region. The qualitative methodology was employed in the conduct of the research. The researcher paid a keen attention to the different forms of crimes around the above location and how best to keep it under check. It was observed that the region is volatile with the presence of an array of criminal elements who have overtime posed a humongous threat to the region, and the sovereignty of the Nigerian state as a whole. It was however, opined that, for peace and tranquility to return to the Northwest region of Nigeria currently bedeviled by nefarious activities of bandits, stakeholders at all levels must own the troubles by consciously agreeing to stamp out all enemies of peace. Furthermore, the paper recommended that the government should apply judicial jurisprudence in the prosecution of suspects arrested according to extant laws. Keywords: Banditry, Crime, Nigeria’s northwest

Enclaves of Banditry: Ungoverned Forest Spaces and Cattle Rustling in Northern Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ifeanyi Onwuzuruigbo
Keyword(s):  
Forest Governance ◽  
Governance Structures ◽  
Northern Nigeria ◽  
The Government ◽  
Criminal Groups ◽  
Cattle Rustling

Abstract Parts of northern Nigeria are becoming enclaves of banditry for gangs of cattle rustlers who maraud largely ungoverned forests. Extant studies of banditry shy away from serious interrogation of cattle rustling and ungoverned forest spaces in northern Nigeria. Onwuzuruigbo investigates the connection between cattle rustling and ungoverned forest spaces, highlighting the role of criminal groups in creating their own governance structures. The upswing in cattle rustling may thus be attributed to poor forest governance, which effectively keeps the government and its agents away from forests. Inclusive forest governance is one path toward addressing cattle rustling in northern Nigeria.

scholarly journals Tipologi Penindakan Kejahatan Korporasi Dalam Korupsi Dana Bantuan Pandemi Covid-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Michelle Kristina
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Corporate Responsibility ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Assistance Program ◽  
Community Activities ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

The development of human life nowadays cannot be separated from various aspects such as economy, politics, and technology, including the impact of the coronavirus outbreak (Covid-19 or SARS-CoV-2) which emerged at the end of 2019. Responding to this Covid-19 pandemic outbreak In Indonesia, the government has issued various policies as measures to prevent and handle the spread of Covid-19. One of these policies is to limit community activities. These restrictions have implications for the fulfilment of the economic needs of the affected communities. Responding to the urgency of this community's economic situation, the government held a social assistance program as a measure to ease the community's economic burden. However, the procurement of the program was used as a chance for corruption involving the Ministry of Social Affairs and corporations as the winning bidders. This study uses a qualitative methodology with a normative juridical approach and literature. The approach is carried out by conducting a juridical analysis based on a case approach. The results of the study show that the corporations involved cannot be separated from corporate responsibility. However, the criminal liability process against the corporation is deemed not to reflect justice for the current situation of Indonesia is experiencing. The crime was not carried out in a normal situation but in a situation when Indonesia was trying hard to overcome the urgent situation, the Covid-19 pandemic. Corporate crimes committed by taking advantage of the pandemic situation are deemed necessary to prioritize special action or the weight of criminal acts committed by corporations. The weighting of criminal sanction is the right step as a law enforcement process for corporate crimes during the pandemic.

scholarly journals An Examination of Rural Homestay Operations through the Lens of the Sustainable Livelihood Framework: A Case Study of Phou Khao Khouay National Park Community-Based Tourism (PKK NP CBT), Lao PDR

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Khamsavay Pasanchay
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Culture Shock ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Sustainable Livelihood ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Sustainable Livelihood Framework ◽  
The Government

<p>In many developing countries, Community-Based Tourism (CBT) is regarded as a sustainable tourism development tool as well as a catalyst for rural community development through the involvement of local people and the improvement of the standard of living. To extend the involvement of the local community in CBT, homestay tourism is a form of operation unit and its concept aims to facilitate individual household social-cultural and economic benefit from CBT directly. Although homestays are widely regarded as providing better livelihoods directly to the homestay operators, it is not clear to what extent homestay operations actually contribute to the sustainable livelihood of homestay operators when considering the wider livelihood implications. This research seeks to explore this gap by analysing homestay operators through the lens of Sustainable Livelihood theory (Scoones, 1998). This research adopts a post-positivist paradigm with qualitative methodology. Taking a case study approach, semi-structured interviews and observations were employed to collect primary data from community leaders, heads and deputy heads of the tourist guides, and homestay operators themselves.  Results of the study found that although homestay tourism was initially established by the government. The study also found the main characteristics of the homestay operation are in a small size with a limitation of bedrooms, and a few family members involved in hosting tourists, which are husband, wife, and an adult child. All of these people are unpaid labour but receive benefits from the sharing of food and shelter. The study also uncovered that cash-based income, gender empowerment enhancement, and environmental enhancement were the positive impacts of homestay tourism on the livelihoods of the homestay operators, and these positive livelihood outcomes were in line with the original sustainable livelihood framework. In addition, cultural revitalisation was found as an emerged indicator of the sustainable livelihood outcomes, which was used to extend the revised framework. However, the study discovered that opportunity costs, culture shock, and conflict with villagers were negative implications affecting sustainable livelihood outcomes of the homestay operators. The revised Sustainable Livelihood Framework (SLF) suggests that if these negative implications are mitigated, the overall livelihood outcomes will be even greater. The results of this study are expected to provide a deeper understanding of how the impacts of homestay tourism on the sustainable livelihood of the homestay operators.</p>

scholarly journals "You can never be on one side alone": Some Young Somali-Kiwi Women's Narratives about Identity, Resettlement and Community Development in Wellington, Aotearoa New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Emily Kathryn James
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Support Services ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Key Informants ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Somali Women ◽  
The Government

<p>This research investigates how young Somali women are navigating through the resettlement process while negotiating their own identities in Wellington, New Zealand. It is important as it addresses two main research gaps: 1) it focuses on research with young Somali women at university and 2) it offers a strength-based analysis. The research also addresses important development concerns about how former refugees can better contribute into their host societies. Employing the use of participatory methods within a feminist qualitative methodology, I created a project that enabled the young women to voice their opinions regarding identity construction, cultural maintenance and their goals for the future.  I conducted approximately 150 hours of ethnographic research at organisations that catered to former refugee needs. I found a young female Somali student who worked as my Cultural Advisor and enhanced my credibility and access within the Somali community. I then conducted a focus group and five individual interviews with young Somali women to hear their narratives about their resettlement experience and their advice on how to improve the process for others. I conducted five interviews with key informants at organisations that provide support services for former refugees. The key informants gave the policy perspective on refugee resettlement as well as advice on how support services and the government can approve the transition for former refugees.  The results of this study revealed that the young women did feel tension at times negotiating their Somali culture and that of their host society but found benefits in both. The importance of the family resettling successfully was vital for the young women especially the wellbeing of their mothers and other female elders. The key informants echoed these sentiments and voiced the necessity for more women-focused support services. The young women also will be facing a second resettlement process through their emigration to Australia as they search for more job opportunities and a better Somali cultural connection.</p>

Fighting Hunger, Fearing Violence after the Revolutionary War

2019 ◽  
pp. 109-135
Author(s):  
Rachel B. Herrmann
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
South Carolina ◽  
Native Americans ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
Food Policy ◽  
Revolutionary War ◽  
Old Northwest ◽  
Indian Country ◽  
The Government ◽  
Northwest Region

This chapter assesses how, after the Revolutionary War, Native Americans increased their authority by working with the U.S. government to circumvent hunger. The federal government failed to win power because it cost so much to distribute food aid, and the government was not yet powerful enough to refuse to do so. Postwar Indian country was a place of simultaneous resilience and desolation; although burned villages and scattered tribes provide plentiful evidence of disruption, there were numerous sites where Indian power waxed, at least until the mid-1790s. Approaches to Indian affairs, which included food policy, varied from state to state and evolved in three separate regions in the 1780s and 1790s: the southern states of Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia; the mid-Atlantic states of New York and Pennsylvania; and the old northwest region of the Ohio Valley. Food negotiations reveal similarities between federal and state approaches, but also demonstrate that it was the competition between the states and the federal government that by 1795 left Native Americans more willing to accommodate U.S. officials in a joint cooperative fight against hunger.

The Troubles and censorship

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark O'Brien
Keyword(s):  
Free Speech ◽  
The State ◽  
The Troubles ◽  
The Government

This chapter examines the fraught relationship that emerged between journalists and government and amongst journalists themselves during the 1970s. As the Northern Troubles escalated the dangers for journalists, both physically and politically, quickly became apparent and the imposition of censorship brought the journalist–politician relationship to a new low. While the government was concerned about the security of the state, journalists were concerned about the survival of free speech. As the conflict wore on the debate on censorship became more fractious as did relations among and between journalists, editors and government.

24. The War in Iraq

2020 ◽  
pp. 587-611
Author(s):  
John W. Young ◽  
John Kent
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
National Security ◽  
Operation Iraqi Freedom ◽  
The United States ◽  
Weapons Of Mass Destruction ◽  
The Troubles ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Arab Spring ◽  
Iraqi Freedom

This chapter focuses on the Iraq war of 2003–11 and the troubles in the Middle East. George W. Bush’s advisers, led by Dick Cheney and Don Rumsfeld, had been considering an attack on Iraq well before 9/11. At the same time, many experts within the government pointed to the lack of any evidence for Iraqi-sponsored terrorism directed against the United States. The threats to US national security were outlined to Bush in a briefing just prior to his inauguration; these threats came primarily from al-Qaeda’s terrorism and the proliferation of nuclear arms and other weapons of mass destruction (WMDs). The chapter first considers the US decision to invade Iraq, before discussing the war, taking into account the US’s Operation Iraqi Freedom and the war’s costs to the US and to Iraq. It also examines the Israeli–Palestinian conflict and concludes with an assessment of the ‘Arab Spring’.

scholarly journals Necesidades de formación del profesorado de Lengua y Literatura para el desarrollo de la argumentación informal en el comentario de texto

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (1 Mar-Jun) ◽  
pp. 213-234
Author(s):  
María Isabel De Vicente-Yagüe Jara ◽  
María Teresa Valverde González ◽  
María González García
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Professional Experience ◽  
Teaching Materials ◽  
Inductive System ◽  
Desarrollo Profesional ◽  
The Will ◽  
Informal Argumentation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Phenomenological Design

Este estudio se enmarca en un proyecto de I+D+i sobre la formación del profesorado de español como lengua materna y extranjera en la didáctica de la argumentación informal implicada en el comentario de texto, el cual ha sido patrocinado por el Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad de Gobierno de España. El objetivo general de la presente investigación consiste en profundizar en las demandas de formación y de materiales didácticospor parte de este profesorado para el desarrollo de la argumentación informal en el comentario de texto. La investigación se centra en una metodología cualitativa de diseño interpretativo-fenomenológico para explorar los significados que explican las demandas aludidas, por medio del instrumento de la entrevista realizada a 34 docentes, que han sido seleccionados como informantes clave en atención a su perfil y experiencia profesional. El proceso de análisis se ha llevado a cabo mediante la reducción de la información obtenida en un mapa de significados, a través de un sistema inductivo de categorización y codificación de los datos realizado por el programa de análisis cualitativo Atlas.ti 7.Finalmente, el diálogo propiciado a través de las entrevistas ha revelado argumentos de gran interés sobre las demandas de formación y de materiales didácticos que este profesorado formula con razones causales y con la voluntad de autentificar su desarrollo profesional competente en didáctica de la argumentación informal en el comentario de textos. This study is part of an R+D+i project on the training of teachers of Spanish as a first and foreign language in the didactics of informal argumentation involved in text commentary, which was sponsored by the Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness of the Government of Spain. The general aim of this research consists of delving into the demands of training and teaching materials for the development of informal argumentation when doing textcommentary. The research adopts a qualitative methodology with an interpretative-phenomenological design in order to explore the meanings that explain the aforementioned demands. 34 teachers were selected, and later interviewed, as key informants according to their profile and professional experience. Data analysis was conducted by means of the reduction of the information obtained in a map of meanings, through an inductive system of data categorisationand codification carried out with the qualitative analysis program Atlas.ti 7. Finally, the dialogue fostered through the interviews revealed arguments of great interest regarding the demands of training and teaching materials, which these teachers formulate with causal reasons and with the will to authenticate their competent professional development in the didactics of informal argumentation in text commentary.

Some Archives in the Bandundu and Equateur Regions of Zaire

1977 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 291-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Harms
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Administrative System ◽  
The Troubles ◽  
The Core ◽  
Fire Station ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government

Archives in the Republic of Zaire contain valuable documents for historical and ethnographic research, but finding these treasures often demands a great deal of perseverance and a certain amount of luck. Since the government archives in Kinshasa deal mainly with national administration, they generally have little to offer researchers interested in more localized topics. Although a small number of documents from the countryside have trickled into the Archives Nationales (housed in a wing of the fire station on Avenue de la Justice in Kinshasa), most of them remain dispersed throughout the network of regional, sub-regional, and zonal offices that form the core of the country's administrative system.Since policies regarding the conservation of archives and the granting of access to them are not uniform, but made on an ad hoc basis by the officials on the spot, conditions vary widely from place to place and from time to time but I should point out that during my research in the Bandundu and Equateur Regions in 1975-76, the officials with whom I worked were unfailingly helpful, though the quality of the collections varied greatly. Some archives had disappeared or fallen into disarray during the troubles of the early 1960s; yet others remained remarkably intact, although even in the best-kept archives, many older documents had been partially eaten by insects.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF THE 2000 LAND REFORM PROGRAMME ON THE CAPITAL BLOCK, POPULARLY KNOWN AS THE ‘NEW MALAWI’

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-25
Author(s):  
Calvin Phiri ◽  
Njabulo Bruce Khumalo ◽  
Mehluli Masuku
Keyword(s):  
Land Reform ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Reform Programme ◽  
Foreign Origin ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The 2000 land reform programme implemented by the government of Zimbabwe came with an initiative of acquiring enormous hectares of white-owned farmland and distributing it on a massive scale to small-scale farmers. Indeed the greater part of the land was taken from the white commercial farmers and distributed to the majority black Zimbabweans, leaving only a small share of the farmland in the hands of the whites. The land reform programme, undoubtedly, benefited Zimbabweans. In Zimbabwe, especially in mining areas, there are classes of Zimbabweans, those who originate from Zimbabwe, as well as those who are of foreign origin, but are Zimbabweans by birth. Zimbabweans by birth who are of foreign origin occupied an allocated A2 farm, Capital Block, located near a cement mining area, Colleen Bawn. Most of them were of Malawian origin, and the area is now popularly known as ‘New Malawi’. This study sought to investigate how Zimbabweans of foreign origin benefited from the 2000 land reform programme. The article further sought to reveal the diverse farming systems as well as Indigenous Knowledge (IK), which were passed on from the forefathers who were born in Malawi, but migrated to Zimbabwe’s mining areas in search for employment in the then Rhodesia around 1960. A qualitative methodology was used in this research, in which oral history interviews were conducted with the people living in the area of the ‘New Malawi’. The study revealed that most of the land was being used for farming purposes. Beneficiaries of the programme had become self-dependent. The study further revealed that there was knowledge sharing among the beneficiaries of different foreign origins including Zambia, Malawi, Mozambique, Botswana and those of Zimbabwean origin. Based on the findings of the study, it was concluded that the programme benefited a number of people of foreign origins who were now Zimbabweans by birth and Zimbabweans by both birth and origin were happy with these people benefiting, a situation which shows the extent to which Zimbabweans are tolerant of foreigners.

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