scholarly journals Global Values — The Basis for the Life Support Paradigm Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 6-16
Author(s):  
O. V. Rozhnova ◽  
T. V. Lesina

The article is devoted to the study of the accounting paradigm, which is based on global values, priorities of companiesstakeholders and individuals. To comprehend the task, the key values of the global community aimed at its sustainable development are identified and compared with a similar resource of companies and individuals. In the recent years, the significant economic, technological, social and environmental changes have a significant impact on the revision of life priorities at all levels: person — company — global community. The dramatic transformation of global life values that took place in 2020 (and is still ongoing) under the influence of the COVID‑19 pandemic has profoundly and seriously affected the entire life support system of physical and economic entities. All this together determined the need to develop a new value-oriented foundation for building an accounting paradigm. In the course of the study, the authors used methods and techniques of comparative, logical and expert analysis. The authors studied a chronology of the emergence of modern accounting models which is based of generalization of the works of modern scientists in this field. The main purpose of the study was to substantiate the global initial grounds for constructing an accounting paradigm based on a common value characteristic of life support for interested users and economic entities in conditions of uncertainty as well as risks and new opportunities associated with environmental and social changes. Thus, its results caused the justification of the commonality and interdependence of the life activity of an individual, company and society; the necessity and possibility of developing a new value-based view of life support for the accounting sphere. The proposed methods are aimed to improve the life quality in general. They are recommended for the accounting and reporting theory development, as well as to be a basis for improving the quality of the information space of the economy and society.

2019 ◽  
Vol 105 ◽  
pp. 04050
Author(s):  
Elvira Zabneva ◽  
Elena Nagrelli ◽  
Julia Kuznetsova

The objective: to consider the peculiarities of social tension occurrence in the coal-mining region. Methods: the research is based on the awareness of the fact that social tension is a mass adaptation syndrome that reflects the degree of different population categories physiological, psychophysiological and social-psychological adaptation (or maladaptation) to chronic frustration, hardships (drop in living standards and social changes).Social tension is addressed through the lens of both population categories: the population living on the territory of a coal-mining region but not employed in coal-mining industry as well as population directly employed in coal-mining industry. Results: the factors influencing the degree of social tension of the population living in a coal-mining region and directly employed in coal-mining industry have been released. Conclusion: the ways of social tension in coal-mining region easingbased on integrated research data have been offered. It has been determined that sustainable development of a coal-mining region must be connected with the following interrelated aspects: ecosystem preservation, satisfaction of human needsas well as life quality satisfaction together with efficient resources distribution and others. It has been proved that maximum involvement of thecitizens in social and political life plays the discrete role in the process of social tension easing in a coal-mining region.


2011 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha Dowsley ◽  
Shari Gearheard ◽  
Noor Johnson ◽  
Jocelyn Inksetter

Abstract Most of the climate change literature for Arctic Canada in the social sciences has focused on men’s knowledge and experiences. Drawing on research from Qikiqtarjuaq and Clyde River, Nunavut, we explore Inuit women’s perspectives on recent environmental changes, many of which are often attributed to climate change by Inuit or others. We divide issues resulting from environmental change into primary and secondary effects. Primary effects are changes in environmental features that affect, for example, hunting, fishing, and travelling. Secondary effects occur in the community as a result of environmental change. These include changes in the use and condition of country products like seal skins, and the psychological and social impact of environmental changes, such as going out on the land less often due to fear of dangerous conditions. We also offer a preliminary discussion on women’s role in responses to climate change, through their often dominant economic and political roles in their communities, the territory, and various wider global governance fora. Our research indicates that gender helps shape Inuit knowledge of environmental change, as well as social responses to perceptions of change. By examining women’s perceptions of environmental change, we draw attention to the social aspects and also highlight how women can contribute to adaptation, not only to physical changes but also to the resulting social changes.


2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan Bennett ◽  
Philip Dearden

Coastal communities experience a wide array of environmental and social changes to which they must constantly adapt. Further, a community's perception of change and risk has significant implications for a community's willingness and ability to adapt to both current and future changes. As part of a larger study focusing on the adaptive capacity of communities on the Andaman Coast of Thailand, we used Photovoice to open a dialogue with communities about changes in the marine environment and in coastal communities. This article presents the results of two exploratory Photovoice processes and discusses prospects for using the Photovoice method for exploring social and environmental change. Changes examined included a number of broader environmental and social trends as well as ecological specifics and social particularities in each site. Participants also explored the social implications of environmental changes, the impacts of macro-scale processes on local outcomes, and emotive and active responses of individuals and communities to change. Photovoice is deemed a powerful method for: examining social, environmental, and socio-ecological change, triangulating to confirm the results of other scientific methods, revealing novel ecological interactions, and providing input into community processes focusing on natural resource management, community development, and climate change adaptation.


Author(s):  
Kristie L. Ebi ◽  
Frances Harris ◽  
Giles B. Sioen ◽  
Chadia Wannous ◽  
Assaf Anyamba ◽  
...  

Human health and wellbeing and the health of the biosphere are inextricably linked. The state of Earth’s life-support systems, including freshwater, oceans, land, biodiversity, atmosphere, and climate, affect human health. At the same time, human activities are adversely affecting natural systems. This review paper is the outcome of an interdisciplinary workshop under the auspices of the Future Earth Health Knowledge Action Network (Health KAN). It outlines a research agenda to address cross-cutting knowledge gaps to further understanding and management of the health risks of these global environmental changes through an expert consultation and review process. The research agenda has four main themes: (1) risk identification and management (including related to water, hygiene, sanitation, and waste management); food production and consumption; oceans; and extreme weather events and climate change. (2) Strengthening climate-resilient health systems; (3) Monitoring, surveillance, and evaluation; and (4) risk communication. Research approaches need to be transdisciplinary, multi-scalar, inclusive, equitable, and broadly communicated. Promoting resilient and sustainable development are critical for achieving human and planetary health.


Author(s):  
Margaret M. deGuzman

This chapter provides a theoretical framework for the book’s central argument that the concept of gravity should be reconceived as a function of values and goals to promote the legitimacy of international criminal law. It does so by: (1) explaining how the book uses the concept of legitimacy; (2) describing the pervasive goal-independent approach to gravity as a justification for regime decisions, and explaining the proposed reconceptualization; (3) elaborating a theory of international criminal law as both a tool, and constructor, of the global justice community; and (4) suggesting some of the global values and goals that ought to guide regime decisions.


2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 883-890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lunia Sofia Lima Azevedo ◽  
Lucas Gaspar Ribeiro ◽  
André Schmidt ◽  
Antônio Pazin Filho

Abstract We sought to evaluate the impact of Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) training in the professional career and work environment of physicians who took the course in a single center certified by the American Heart Association (AHA). Of the 4631 students (since 1999 to 2009), 2776 were located, 657 letters were returned, with 388 excluded from the analysis for being returned lacking addressees. The final study population was composed of 269 participants allocated in 3 groups (< 3 years, 3-5 and > 5years). Longer training was associated with older age, male gender, having undergone residency training, private office, greater earnings and longer time since graduation and a lower chance to participate in providing care for a cardiac arrest. Regarding personal change, no modification was detected according to time since taking the course. The only change in the work environment was the purchase of an automated external defibrillator (AED) by those who had taken the course more than 5 years ago. In multivariable analysis, however, the implementation of an AED was not independently associated with this group, which showed a lower chance to take a new ACLS course. ACLS courses should emphasize also how physicians could reinforce the survival chain through environmental changes.


The Holocene ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 1558-1571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Piet Brozio ◽  
Johannes Müller ◽  
Martin Furholt ◽  
Wiebke Kirleis ◽  
Stefan Dreibrodt ◽  
...  

In the regions of southern Scandinavia and northern Germany, within the Neolithic ( c. 4100–1700 BCE), two episodes of intensified monumental burial construction are known: Funnel Beaker megaliths mainly from c. 3400–3100 BCE and Single Grave burial mounds from c. 2800–2500 BCE. So far, it remains unclear whether these boom phases of monumental construction were linked with phases of economic expansion, to phases of economic changes or to periods of economic crisis: do they precede and stimulate periods of economic growth? Or are they a social practice that results from social changes within the societies? To approach these research questions, we will use mainly information on the intensity of monumental construction phases, artefact depositions, environmental changes and changes in subsistence strategies as proxies for comparative studies. Our database comes from the southern Cimbrian Peninsula and adjacent areas. Being one of the most intensively archaeologically researched regions of Neolithic Europe, this region provides robust data sets. As a result, the study demonstrates that during the Funnel Beaker period, economy and ritual were closely interlinked, while disconnected in the Single Grave period.


Author(s):  
Milena Mária Assunção ◽  
Larissa Nascimento Barreto ◽  
Felipe Morais Addum ◽  
Antonio Cordeiro Feitosa ◽  
Zulimar Márita Ribeiro Rodrigues

O rio Pindaré integra o conjunto de cursos fluviais que desaguam no Golfão Maranhense, utilizados historicamente pela população, ao longo dos processos de ocupação e povoamento do território norte maranhense. Neste contexto foi edificada a cidade de Pindaré-Mirim, localizada às margens do rio Pindaré, que se utiliza das águas do rio para usos diversos em que incluem o sustento, transporte e lazer. Com o crescimento populacional, o ambiente fluvial vem sofrendo impactos negativos que interferem na qualidade ambiental e de vida. No presente estudo, analisa-se a percepção dos moradores em relação aos problemas ambientais e sanitários na área urbana ribeirinha de Pindaré, com base no diagnóstico socioambiental, procurando identificar tais problemas especificamente no bairro Beira Rio. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória e descritiva, com abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa. Foram aplicados questionários com 103 famílias, tendo como critério de inclusão morar há mais de cinco anos no bairro. Os dados coletados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva; os dados qualitativos, mais representativos, foram expressos através das falas dos informantes. Utilizou-se uma matriz de inter-relação homem e ambiente e registros fotográficos. Os problemas mais citados foram identificados nas falas dos informantes que apontaram os impactos negativos relacionados ao esgoto a céu aberto, acúmulo de lixo e o rio contaminado. De forma similar a matriz de inter-relação identificou as modificações ambientais e na qualidade de vida do bairro. Conclui-se que os impactos ambientais e sanitários identificados são de responsabilidade dos moradores e poder público, sendo necessário o planejamento integrado dos mais diversos setores e atores sociais para resolução dos problemas.Palavras-chave: População Ribeirinha; Ambiente; Saneamento; Pindaré-Mirim-MA.SOCIOENVIRONMENTAL DIAGNOSTIC OF A RIVERSIDE URBAN POPULATION OF THE PINDARÉ RIVER, MARANHÃO STATE.ABSTRACTThe Pindaré River integrates the group of fluvial courses that drain towards the Gulf of Maranhão, historically used by the population throughout the occupation and settlement processes of the northern Maranhão State’s territory. In this context the Pindaré-Mirim city was built, located at the margins of the Pindaré River using its waters for several uses including sustenance, transportation, and leisure. With the population growth the fluvial environment has been suffering negative impacts that interfere with the environmental and life quality. In the present study, the resident’s perception regarding environmental and sanitary problems in Pindaré’s urban riverside area are analyzed, based on the socioenvironmental diagnostic, aiming at identifying such problems, specifically in the Beira Rio neighborhood. This study is an exploratory and descriptive research using the quantitative and qualitative approaches. A total of 103 families that lived in the neighborhood for at least five years were interviewed. Data collected were analyzed through descriptive statistics; the qualitative data, more representative, were expressed by the informant’s words. An inter-relationship matrix between man and environment was used together with photographic records. The most commonly cited problems identified by the interviewed were the negative impacts associated to the lack of sanitation, garbage accumulation and contaminated water from the river. In a similar manner, the inter-relationship matrix identified the environmental changes and the neighborhood’s quality of life. It is concluded that the environmental and sanitary impacts identified are of the residents and the local government’s responsibility. Integrated planning from several sectors and social actors is needed in order to solve the problems shown.Keywords: Riverside Population; Environment; Sanitation; Pindaré-Mirim-MA.DIAGNÓSTICO SOCIOAMBIENTAL DE UNA POBLACIÓN RIBEIRINHA URBANA DEL RÍO PINDARÉ, ESTADO DEL MARANHÃORESUMENEl río Pindaré integra el conjunto de cursos fluviales que desaguan en el Golfão Maranhense, utilizados históricamente por la población, a lo largo de los procesos de ocupación y poblamiento del territorio norte maranhense. En este contexto fue edificada la ciudad de Pindaré-Mirim, ubicada a orillas del río Pindaré, que se utiliza de las aguas del río para usos diversos en que incluyen el sustento, transporte y ocio. Con el crecimiento poblacional, el ambiente fluvial viene sufriendo impactos negativos que interfieren en la calidad ambiental y de vida. En el presente estudio se analiza la percepción de los habitantes en relación a los problemas ambientales y sanitarios en el área urbana ribereña de Pindaré, con base en el diagnóstico socioambiental, buscando identificar tales problemas específicamente en el barrio Beira Rio. Se trata de una investigación exploratoria y descriptiva, con abordaje cuantitativo y cualitativo. Se aplicaron cuestionarios con 103 familias, teniendo como criterio de inclusión morar desde hace más de cinco años en el barrio. Los datos recolectados fueron analizados por medio de estadística descriptiva; Los datos cualitativos, más representativos, se expresaron a través de las palabras de los informantes. Se utilizó una matriz de interrelación hombre y ambiente y registros fotográficos. Los problemas más citados fueron identificados en las palabras de los informantes que apuntaron los impactos negativos relacionados con el alcantarillado a cielo abierto, la acumulación de basura y el río contaminado. De forma similar la matriz de interrelación identificó las modificaciones ambientales y en la calidad de vida del barrio. Se concluye que los impactos ambientales y sanitarios identificados son de responsabilidad de los habitantes y poder público, siendo necesario la planificación integrada de los más diversos sectores y actores sociales para la resolución de los problemas.Palabras clave: Población Ribereña; Entorno; Saneamiento; Pindaré-Mirim-MA.


2005 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nairn Afgan ◽  
Maria Carvalho ◽  
Nikolai Hovanov

Sustainability comprise complex system approach in the evaluation of energy system state. By its definition sustainability include definition of quality merits without compromising among different aspect of system complexity. It is of paramount importance for any energy system as the complex system to quantify elements of complexity taking into a consideration various degree of complexity. Energy conversion process is characterized by the entropy production as the measure of the irreversibility of the processes within the energy system. So, the complexity element of the energy system reflecting internal parameter interaction can be defined by the entropy production in the system. Complexity elements of the economic indicators are structured in different levels are intrinsic to the specific levels and are measured in different scale. The economic quality is reflecting the finale energy cost. There are a number of parameters which are of interest to be taken into a consideration in the mathematical model for the determination of the optimized values of required for its evaluation. Mutual interaction between the energy system and its surrounding is immanent for any life support system. As it is known every energy system is taking energy sources from the surrounding and disposing residual to the environment. In the social aspect of the energy system are included risk of environmental changes, health and nuclear hazards and may have to deal with a compounding of complexity at different level.


2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s248-s248
Author(s):  
M. Ramirez Gaite ◽  
E. Gundendorfer-Mag. FH ◽  
W. Hrubos

IntroductionOur ICM Project was implemented in 2012, with the primary objective of preventing hospitalizations and unburdening services. Here, we present a description.ObjectivesICM is a type of multi-professional assertive community treatment (ACT) and case management, although our concept has a stronger focus on social work than ACT and uses less resources. It aims at patient's stabilization at home, better life quality, less inpatient/residential treatments, and more access to crisis intervention.MethodsPresently we have 118 spots. Target groups are persons with severe psychiatric conditions at high risk for institutionalization or already institutionalized, including heavy users of mental health services. An initial eligibility assessment is required. At least 3 workers are providing a minimum of 2 h face-to-face contact per week per person. Care is offered predominantly at home environment and anchored in: careful distance-closeness ratio, structured and restructuring, autonomy enhancing, respectful, non-judgmental, confidential, regularity and commitment. Each treatment plan is individualized and based on two axes: intensive assistance and day-structure. It comprises comprehensive psychiatric treatment, counselling, assistance in everyday life, support groups, crisis management and interdisciplinary organizational meetings.ResultsThe program was evaluated in 2014 using the CANSAS and FLZ scales and its effectiveness was validated. Most significant improvements were found in day-structure, housing, social contacts and performance, nutrition, and psycho-education. Life satisfaction improvement was found mostly in areas of general health, performance, relaxation and autonomy.ConclusionsSince its implementation ICM has steadily expanded. Further research tools are currently being developed. Results will be presented in future publications.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.


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