scholarly journals Caracterização da Precipitação na Microrregião do Cariri Paraibano por meio da Técnica dos Quantis (Characterization of Precipitation in Cariri Paraiba Microregion Through Technique of Quantile)

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 871
Author(s):  
Jaricélia Patrícia De Oliveira Sena
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Climate Prediction ◽  
Annual Precipitation ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Monthly Precipitation ◽  
Region Data ◽  
Climate Prediction Center ◽  
Normal Class

O objetivo deste trabalho foi à aplicação da técnica dos quantis para a caracterização da intensidade e da frequência das chuvas na região do Cariri Paraibano. Foram utilizados dados de precipitação mensal provenientes do CPC (Climate Prediction Center) e da AESA (Agência Executiva de Gestão das Águas do Estado da Paraíba), respectivamente para o período 1979-2013 e 1995-2013.  Baseando-se nos quantis 0,05; 0,15; 0,35; 0,65; 0,85 e 0,95 utilizaram-se as seguintes categorias: Extremamente Seco (ES), Muito Seco (MS), Seco (S), Normal (N), Chuvoso (C), Muito Chuvoso (MC) e Extremamente Chuvoso (EC). Verificou-se que 51% da precipitação anual para a região se encontra na categoria normal e chuvoso, com precipitação variando de 452,38 mm a 845,93 mm. Observou-se ainda, que a maior frequência de anos dentro da categoria Muito Chuvoso (MC) ocorreu após o ano de 2003. A técnica dos quantis pra o período em estudo indicou que a região do Cariri, apesar de apresentar a menor precipitação anual do estado da Paraíba, apresentou os períodos abaixo e acima da média (períodos secos e chuvosos) são praticamente iguais. Em termos percentuais, também foi observado na análise para o trimestre mais chuvoso (FMA)  indicando que a problemática de água que ocorre na região é devido a falta de planejamento e de políticas públicas para o gerenciamente hídrico.    ABSTRACT   The objective of this work was the application of the technique of quantile to characterize the intensity and frequency of rainfall in Cariri Paraiba region. Data of monthly precipitation from the CPC (Climate Prediction Center) and AESA (Agência Executiva de Gestão das Águas do Estado da Paraíba), respectively for the period 1979-2013 and 1995-2013. Based on the quantile 0.05; 0.15; 0.35; 0.65; 0.85 and 0.95;  used the following categories, Extremely Dry (ES), Very Dry (MS), Dry (S), Normal (N), rainy (C) Very Rainy (MC) and Extremely rainy (EC). It was found that 51% of the annual rainfall is the region in the normal class and wet, with rainfall ranging from 452.38 mm to 845.93 mm. It was also observed that the highest frequency of years within the category Very Rainy (MC) occurred after the year 2003. Technique of quantile for the period under study indicated that the Cariri, despite having the lowest annual precipitation state of Paraíba, the periods presented below and above average (dry and rainy periods) are almost equal. In percentage terms, the same was observed in the analysis for the wettest quarter (FMA) indicating that the problem of water that occurs in the region is due to lack of planning and policy for water management.   KEYWORDS: Quantis technique, rainfall, semiarid     

scholarly journals Identificação de Tendência da Precipitação na Microrregião do Cariri Paraibano (Identification of Precipitation Trend in the Microregion of Cariri Paraibano)

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaricélia Patrícia de Oliveira Sena ◽  
Daisy Beserra Lucena
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Sudden Change ◽  
Climate Prediction ◽  
Annual Precipitation ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Precipitation Trend ◽  
Executive Agency ◽  
Year 2000 ◽  
Climate Prediction Center

O teste paramétrico de análise de regressão e o teste não-paramétrico de Mann Kendall foram utilizados com o intuito de identificar a existência de tendência na série de precipitação anual e para o período chuvoso na microrregião do Cariri Paraibano. Os dados de precipitação utilizados foram provenientes do Climate Prediction Center (CPC) e da Agência Executiva de Gestão das Águas do Estado da Paraíba (AESA), durante os anos de 1979 a 2010 e 1995 a 2010, respectivamente. Com base nos resultados encontrados, foi verificada a existência de uma tendência positiva da precipitação anual. Observa-se uma mudança brusca em torno do ano de 2000, onde antes deste ano tem-se redução de 13% e após um aumento de 24,5% na precipitação anual. Não foi verificada nenhuma tendência para o período chuvoso concluindo que outros meses é que contribuem para o aumento da precipitação anual encontrada.   ABSTRACT   The parametric test of regression analysis and the nonparametric Mann Kendall’s test were used to identify the existence of the trend in annual precipitation series and for the rainy season in the microregion of Cariri Paraibano. The precipitation data used were from the Climate Prediction Center (CPC) and the Executive Agency for Water Management in the State of Paraíba (AESA) during the years 1979-2010 and 1995-2010, respectively. Based on these results, it was verified the existence of a positive trend of annual precipitation. There is a sudden change around the year 2000, where before this year has been reduced 13% and after an increase of 24,5% in annual precipitation. Was not checked any significant tendency for the rainy season concluding that other months is contributing to the increase in annual precipitation found.   KEYWORDS: Regression Analysis, Mann Kendall’s test, Pettitt’s test, precipitation trend.  

Potentialities Evaluation of Rainwater Utilization in Xianing Port of Changsha

2014 ◽  
Vol 1065-1069 ◽  
pp. 2970-2973
Author(s):  
Yan Jie Wei ◽  
Guo Yi Li
Keyword(s):  
Uneven Distribution ◽  
Annual Precipitation ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Monthly Precipitation ◽  
Large Fluctuation ◽  
Precipitation Distribution

The Mann-Keddall formula was used for precipitation distribution and variation in Xianing Port of Changsha. The results shown that most rain fell between March and August,the rainfall in these month was about 70% of the annual rainfall. Monthly precipitation between March and July was greater than annual precipitation. Annual precipitation was 1413.5mm, and had the characteristics of uneven distribution and large fluctuation. The potential volume of rainwater for utilization was 1.82×1012m3.

scholarly journals CARACTERIZAÇÃO ATMOSFÉRICA QUANDO DA OCORRÊNCIA DE EVENTOS EXTREMOS DE CHUVA NA REGIÃO SUL DE MINAS GERAIS

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Simões Reboita ◽  
Diogo Malagutti Gonçalves Marietto ◽  
Amanda Souza ◽  
Marina Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Climate Prediction ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Weather Forecasts ◽  
European Centre ◽  
Medium Range ◽  
Climate Prediction Center

O objetivo deste estudo é apresentar uma descrição das características da atmosfera que contribuíram para elevados totais de precipitação no sul de Minas Gerais e que foram precursores de dois episódios de inundação e alagamento na cidade de Itajubá: um em 16 de janeiro de 1991 e outro em 02 de janeiro de 2000. Para tanto, foram utilizados dados do Climate Prediction Center e da reanálise ERA-Interim do European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). Entre os resultados, têm-se que os episódios de inundação e alagamento ocorridos na cidade de Itajubá, em ambos os anos, estiveram associados à atuação da Zona de Convergência do Atlântico Sul, que se estendia da Amazônia, passando pelo sudeste do Brasil, e chegava ao Atlântico Sul.

scholarly journals Recharging infiltration of precipitation water through the light soil, in the absence of surface runoff

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franciszek Czyżyk ◽  
Zbigniew Świerkot
Keyword(s):  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Annual Precipitation ◽  
Monthly Precipitation ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Soil Fertilization ◽  
Light Soil ◽  
Precipitation Water ◽  
Annual Index

Abstract The article presents the value of recharging infiltration of precipitation through the light soil and its distribution over time, based on five-year of lysimetric research. The effect of organic and mineral fertilization on the infiltration was studied. In lysimeters does not occur the phenomenon of surface runoff, and thus, by analogy, the results of the research can be applied to agriculturally used lowland areas with sandy soils. The results showed that the infiltration is very changeable in time. On its value, in addition to precipitation, the greatest influence has evapotranspiration. The largest infiltration occurs in March after the spring thaws (IE = 70-81% monthly precipitation) and the smallest in August (IE = 1.2-15.0% precipitation, depending on the type of fertilizer used and the level of fertilization). The soil fertilization, especially by using organic fertilizer (compost), is a factor, which has significantly influence on reduction of the recharging infiltration. The soil fertilization with compost reduced the infiltration of 7.4-9.0%, and with mineral fertilization of 5.4-7.0% of annual precipitation totals, compared with the infiltration through the soil not fertilized. The average annual index of infiltration was 21.8-25.3% of annual precipitation totals in variant of soil fertilized and 30.7% in case of the soil not fertilized.

scholarly journals Nutritional Characterization of Medicago sativa (Alfalfa) for Feeding to Ruminants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Almeida López ◽  
P. Toalombo Vargas ◽  
S. Jiménez Yánez ◽  
M. Chávez Haro
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Nutritional Characteristics ◽  
Region Data

This study aimed to analyze the nutritional characteristics of Medicago sativa (Alfalfa) hay for the feeding of ruminants in the central zone of the Sierra Region. The study was conducted in the Laboratory of the Faculty of Pecaurias Sciences of the Higher Polytechnic School of Chimborazo. Cutting was carried out for 60 days in different areas of the central Sierra region. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results of the bromatological analysis showed that the average total humidity was 11.12 ± 0.20% in (Rp-00542) while the minimum was 7.79 ± 0.05% in (Rp-00224). Values for dry matter ranged between 91.25 ± 0.03% (Rp336) and 88.53 ± 0.09% (Rp492); dry base ash ranged between 12.51 ± 0.08% (Rp500) and 9.16 ± 0.08% (Rp521); dry organic matter ranged between 90.84 ± 0.13% (Rp521) and 87.49 ± 0.08% (Rp521); and dry crude protein ranged between 22.44 ± 0.26% (Rp492) and 18.73 ± 0.08% (Rp336). The following values were also obtained: 1.94 ± 0.93% dry ethereal extract; 32.06 ± 2.11% dry nitrogen free extract; 46.96 ± 3.78% dry neutral detergent fiber; 40.67 ± 3.36% dry acid detergent fiber; and 8.23 ± 0.64% dry lignin detergent acid. Therefore, it can be determined that forage mixture provides all of the nutrients to the species of zootechnical interest. Keywords: Medicago sativa, alfalfa, sierra centro, rumiants. RESUMEN En el Laboratorio de la Facultad de Ciencias Pecaurias de la Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, se realizó la Caracterización Nutricional de henos de Medicago sativa (Alfalfa) para la alimentación de Rumiantes en la zona centro de la Región Sierra; Mediante estadística descriptiva se obtuvo los siguientes resultados del análisis bromatológico a los 60 días de corte en las diferentes zonas de la región Sierra - Centro, se puede observar que el mayor promedio de la humedad total fue 11,12 ± 0,20% en (Rp-00542) mientras que el menos fue 7,79 ± 0,05% en (Rp-00224); para Materia Seca-Total los valores se obtuvieron entre  91,25 ± 0,03% (Rp336) y 88,53 ± 0,09% (Rp492); Cenizas base seca 12,51 ± 0,08% (Rp500) y 9,16 ± 0,08% (Rp521); el mayor valor para % Materia Orgánica Base seca fue de 90,84 ± 0,13% (Rp521) y el menor con 87,49 ± 0,08% (Rp521); para % Proteína cruda base seca la mejor respuesta fue 22,44 ± 0,26 (Rp492) % y el menor  18,73 ± 0,08 (Rp336), Fibra cruda base seca; 1,94 ± 0,93% Extracto etéreo base seca; 32,06 ± 2,11% Extracto Libre de Nitrógeno base seca; 46,96 ± 3,78% Fibra Detergente Neutro base seca; 40,67 ± 3,36% Fibra Detergente Acida base seca; 8,23 ± 0,64% Lignina Detergente Acida base seca. Por lo que se puede determinar que la mezcla forrajera aporta todos los nutrientes a todas las especies de interés zootécnico. Palabras clave: Medicago sativa, alfalfa, sierra centro, rumiantes.

scholarly journals Spatial variability of concentration and aggressiveness of precipitation in North-East of Algeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanene Bessaklia ◽  
Abderrahmane Nekkache Ghenim ◽  
Abdessalam Megnounif ◽  
Javier Martin-Vide
Keyword(s):  
Concentration Index ◽  
Annual Precipitation ◽  
Monthly Precipitation ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Precipitation Concentration Index ◽  
Precipitation Concentration ◽  
North East ◽  
Mk Test ◽  
High Precipitation ◽  
Extreme North

AbstractIn this study, the spatial variation of daily and monthly concentration precipitation index and its aggressiveness were used in 23 rainfall stations in the extreme north-east of Algeria over the period 1970–2010. The trend was analysed by the Mann–Kendall (MK) test. The results show that daily precipitation concentration index (CI) values are noticeably higher in places where the amount of total precipitation is low, the results of MK test show that areas of high precipitation concentration tend to increase. The seasonality and aggressiveness of precipitation are high in the eastern and western parts of the study region (eastern and central coastal of Constantine catchments), whereas a moderately seasonal distribution with low aggressiveness is found in the middle of the study area (plains and central Seybouse catchment). As a result, the modified Fournier index (MFI) has a significant correlation with annual precipitation, whereas the CI and monthly precipitation concentration index (PCI) show an opposite correlation in relation to annual precipitation.

scholarly journals Effects of record length and resolution on the derived distribution of annual precipitation

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 12987-13018
Author(s):  
C. I. Meier ◽  
J. S. Moraga ◽  
G. Pranzini ◽  
P. Molnar
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Interannual Variability ◽  
Probability Model ◽  
Annual Precipitation ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Precipitation Data ◽  
Return Periods ◽  
Record Length ◽  
High Return ◽  
Log Normal

Abstract. Traditional frequency analysis of annual precipitation requires the fitting of a probability model to yearly precipitation totals. There are three potential problems with this approach: a long record (at least 25 ~ 30 years) is required in order to fit the model, years with missing data cannot be used, and the data need to be homogeneous. To overcome these limitations, we test an alternative methodology proposed by Eagleson (1978), based on the derived distribution approach (DDA). This allows for better estimation of the probability density function (pdf) of annual rainfall without requiring long records, provided that high-resolution precipitation data are available to derive external storm properties. The DDA combines marginal pdfs for storm depth and inter-arrival time to arrive at an analytical formulation of the distribution of annual precipitation under the assumption of independence between events. We tested the DDA at two temperate locations in different climates (Concepción, Chile, and Lugano, Switzerland), quantifying the effects of record length. Our results show that, as compared to the fitting of a normal or log-normal distribution, the DDA significantly reduces the uncertainty in annual precipitation estimates (especially interannual variability) when only short records are available. The DDA also reduces the bias in annual precipitation quantiles with high return periods. We also show that using precipitation data aggregated every 24 h, as commonly available at most weather stations, introduces a noticeable bias in the DDA. Our results point to the tangible benefits of installing high-resolution (hourly or less) precipitation gauges at previously ungauged locations. We show that the DDA, in combination with high resolution gauging, provides more accurate and less uncertain estimates of long-term precipitation statistics such as interannual variability and quantiles of annual precipitation with high return periods even for records as short as 5 years.

scholarly journals Spatial and temporal variation of precipitation characteristics in the semiarid region of Xi'an, northwest China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Han ◽  
Jingming Hou ◽  
Rengui Jiang ◽  
Jiahui Gong ◽  
Ganggang Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Resource Planning ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Annual Precipitation ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Monthly Precipitation ◽  
Xi’An City ◽  
Semi Arid

Abstract Precipitation variations mostly affect the water resource planning in semi-arid regions of northwest China. The objective of this study is to quantitatively explore the spatial and temporal variations of precipitation in different time scales in Xi'an city area. The Mann–Kendall test and wavelet analysis methods were applied to analyze the precipitation variability. In terms of temporal variation of precipitation, the results indicated that the annual precipitation exhibited a significant decreasing trend during 1951–2018. Except for summer precipitation representing a slightly increasing trend, the other seasonal precipitations had a similar decreasing trend to annual precipitation throughout 1951–2018. The monthly precipitation had different change trends, showing the precipitation from June to September could account for 58.4% of the total annual precipitation. In addition, it was clear that annual precipitation had a significant periodic change, with the periods of 6, 13, 19, and 27 years. For the spatial variation of precipitation during 1961–2018, the results showed that annual and seasonal precipitation exhibited obvious spatial differences, indicating an increasing spatial trend from north to south. Thus, understanding the precipitation variation in Xi'an city can provide a theoretical foundation of future water resources management for other cities in semi-arid regions of northwest China.

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