scholarly journals Land use capacity and environment services

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1712
Author(s):  
Lucas Emanuel Servidoni ◽  
Joaquim Ernesto Bernardes Ayer ◽  
Marx Leandro Naves Silva ◽  
Velibor Spalevic ◽  
Ronaldo Luiz Mincato
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Base Saturation ◽  
Natural Fertility ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Effective Depth ◽  
Aluminum Saturation ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Cationic Exchange

The increasing demand for food resulting from demographic growth has required more productive agropastoral practices. Consequently, new areas were selected for agropastoral production in an arbitrary way, disregarding land use capacity. This ends up in acceleration of degradation processes, mainly those related to water erosion. In this context, the system of land use capacity proposes the classification of maximum use allowed for land of a rural property or of a hydrographic sub-basin, in an attempt to make sustainable plans of use and management of natural resources. Concerning current use of land, the system indicates the sites where there are conflicts in use in relation to their use capacity. Thus, it is possible to propose measures to adapt land use to its use capacity. Therefore, in this study, the classes of land use capacity at the hydrographic sub-basin of Córrego Pedra Branca, in Alfenas, in the state of Minas Gerais, were evaluated. For that purpose, the following soil parameters were evaluated: effective depth, water permeability, texture, declivity, erosion class, base saturation, effective and potential cationic exchange capacity, and aluminum saturation. Soil analyses presented values of base saturation and of low capacity of effective and potential cationic exchange, which illustrate the low natural fertility of these soils, as well as aluminum saturation level harmful to most cultures. Thus, land use would be restricted to low impact, permanent crops, silvicultures, associated agrosilvipastoral system with conservationist management techniques, as, for example, direct seeding, soil correction and fertilization, and reforestation of permanent preservation areas

scholarly journals Outlining precision boundaries among areas with different variability standards using magnetic susceptibility and geomorphic surfaces

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 695-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sammy S. R. Matias ◽  
José Marques Júnior ◽  
Diego S. Siqueira ◽  
Gener T. Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Susceptibility ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Base Saturation ◽  
Soil Base ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Cationic Exchange ◽  
Geomorphic Surfaces ◽  
Specific Management

There is an increasing demand for detailed maps that represent in a simplified way the knowledge of the variability of a particular area or region maps. The objective was to outline precision boundaries among areas with different accuracy variability standards using magnetic susceptibility and geomorphic surfaces. The study was conducted in an area of 110 ha, which identified three compartment landscapes based on the geomorphic surfaces model. To determinate pH, organic matter, phosphorus, potassium and magnesium, the total sand and clay, 514 soil samples were collected at depths of 0-0.20 m and 0.60-0.80 m. The sum of base, cationic exchange capacity and base saturation were calculated and the magnetic susceptibility was evaluated in the laboratory using a system based on a balance of analytical precision method. Geomorphic surfaces identification allowed setting specific management areas (locations with maximum homogeneity of soil attributes). The map of spatial variability of magnetic susceptibility can be used to validate the precise boundaries among geomorphic surfaces identified in the field and infer the variability of clay content and soil base saturation.

scholarly journals Geotechnology applied to land classification in areas of the Atlantic Forest in southeastern Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. e28510615927
Author(s):  
Nivaldo Schultz ◽  
Kellis Fernanda Amancio Moreira ◽  
Isabela Beatriz Pereira da Cruz ◽  
Pedro Araújo Garcia ◽  
Luiz Carlos de Souza Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Soil Profiles ◽  
Land Classification ◽  
Effective Depth ◽  
Predominant Factor ◽  
Agricultural Areas

The objective of this study was to classify the lands of a micro-watershed located in the Atlantic forest biome, in a region of rough relief, in the use capacity system using geotechnology resources and indicate uses for the lands according to their suitability. The theoretical basis of the Manual for Utilitarian Survey and Classification of Land in the Use Capacity System with adaptations for areas of rough relief was adopted. The study was carried out from the survey of topographic information to construct the altimetric map of the watershed, followed by the survey of the physical environment, especially water erosion, description of soil profiles and collection of samples. The parameters effective depth, texture, permeability, slope, erosion, fertility, and land use were evaluated. Based on the pedological data and on the use of applied geotechnology, the soil map was created, and the lands of the watershed were classified and mapped in the use capacity system. After interpretation of the survey products, it was verified that in rough relief, slope is the predominant factor to determine the classes of land use, as it outweighs the other parameters evaluated. Land classification land with the use capacity system promotes optimization in the use of areas with agricultural areas and preservation of those destined for conservation.

scholarly journals Relationships between soil pH and base saturation – conclusions for Polish and international soil classifications

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 206-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cezary Kabała ◽  
Beata Łabaz
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Soil Classification ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Base Saturation ◽  
Control Section ◽  
Soil Units ◽  
Mineral Soils ◽  
Diagnostic Horizons ◽  
Soil Groups

Abstract Taking into account the fact that (a) measurement of the cation exchange capacity and base saturation is practically unavailable in the field, that formally makes impossible the reliable field classification of many soils, (b) base saturation is measured or calculated by various methods those results significantly differ, (c) base saturation and soil pH are highly positively correlated, it is suggested to replace the base saturation with pHw (measured in distilled/deionized water suspension) in the classification criteria for diagnostic horizons and soil units/subunits, both in the Polish Soil Classification and FAO-WRB. Based on statistical analysis of 4500 soil samples, the following pHw values are recommended instead of 50% base saturation: pHw <5.5 for umbric and pHw ≥5.5 for the mollic horizon, and for Chernozems, Kastanozems, Phaeozems (directly) and Umbrisols (indirectly). Furthermore, the pHw <4.7 may feature the Dystric qualifier in mineral soils and respective Reference Soil Groups of WRB; while the pHw ≥4.7 may feature the Eutric qualifier. The distinction between subtypes of the brown soils in the Polish Soil Classification may base on the pHw 4.7 or 5.0, but using different requirements of pH distribution in the depth control section. The replacement of the base saturation with pH refers to the formal soil classification only, and does not exclude the use of base saturation for professional soil characteristics.

scholarly journals Effects of liming on the growth and nutrient concentrations of pitaya species in acidic soils

2020 ◽  
pp. 1756-1763
Author(s):  
Letícia Alves Carvalho Reis ◽  
Maria do Céu Monteiro Cruz ◽  
Enilson de Barros Silva ◽  
Josimara Mendes Rabelo ◽  
Cintia Maria Teixeira Fialho
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Base Saturation ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Brazilian Soils ◽  
Aluminum Saturation ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium ◽  
Hylocereus Undatus ◽  
Increasing Demand

With the increasing demand for pitaya orchard management information to achieve high productivity and commercial quality fruits, liming practice is fundamental since most Brazilian soils are acidic. This study aims to assess lime requirements of Typic Quartzipisamment and Haplorthox soils to calculate tolerated aluminum saturation, desired base saturation, calcium and magnesium requirements to cultivate two pitaya species; Hylocereus undatus and Hylocereus polyrhizus. Two independent experiments were conducted in a greenhouse, organized in a 2 x 4 factorial scheme. Treatments were distributed in randomized blocks with five replications. Treatments of the first experiment corresponded to H. undatus and H. polyrhizus and four lime requirements, 0; 0.8; 1.2 and 1.7 t ha-1 cultivated in Typic Quartzipisamment. Treatments of the second experiment corresponded to H. undatus and H. polyrhizus and four lime requirements, 0; 1.3; 2.0 and 2.8 t ha-1 cultivated in Haplorthox. Shoot and root dry matter, chemical soil attributes and shoot nutrient concentrations were measured. Regression equations were adjusted for each variable, according to the lime requirements of both soils providing the highest dry matter yield in both pitaya species. H. undatus and H. polyrhizus cultivated in Typic Quartzipisamment produced more dry matter when the aluminum saturation was between 13% and 16%, base saturation 70% and the calcium and magnesium requirement 2.5 cmolcdm-3. H. undatus and H. polyrhizus cultivated in Haplorthox produced more dry matter when the aluminum saturation was between 1% and 4%, base saturation between 55% and 70%, and calcium and magnesium requirement 3.0 cmolcdm-3.

scholarly journals Correction of Soil Acidity in an Organic System of Shadowed Coffee

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Victor Casimiro Piscoya ◽  
Cristiane Maria Gonçalves Crespo ◽  
Renisson Neponuceno de Araújo Filho ◽  
Julyane Silva Mendes Policarpo ◽  
Nayane Laisa de Lima Cavalcanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Natural Fertility ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Nutritional Conditions ◽  
Increase Productivity ◽  
Aluminum Saturation ◽  
Ecological Complex

Through sustainable agriculture it is possible to explore the coffee culture in consortium with native forests in more rugged reliefs, as coffee is a permanent crop in addition to the climatic conditions offered by the swamps that favor its development. Given the above, the present work proposes, based on the acidity results, to quantify  the need for correctives in the soil to obtain a better nutritional use offered by agroforestry cultivation of organic coffee in the shade with favorable results to increase productivity and, consequently, the farmer's profit. The research was carried out at the Várzea da Onça farm, in the Yaguara Ecological Complex, located in the municipality of Taquaritinga do Norte, Borborema plateau, in the Agreste Pernambuco mesoregion. Altitude, it is necessary to adopt appropriate management techniques that guarantee production, soil conservation and biodiversity, proposing soil correction to guarantee the ideal nutritional conditions for coffee growth. For this purpose, soil samples were collected in the Top (T), Hillside (E) and Pedimento (P) ranges at depths of 0-20, 20-40 and 40-60 cm when planting shaded coffee and soil samples from Native Forest (MN) preserved and legally protected from the Brejo de Taquaritinga. Active, exchangeable and potential acidity were analyzed, as well as the sum of bases, the potential and effective cation exchange capacity, base saturation and aluminum saturation. The results obtained were subjected to analysis of variance and the means were tested at 5% by the Tukey test. A potential of the system was found with low to very low natural fertility, with a strongly acidic reaction. Thus, adequate soil management and correction techniques are necessary for the crop to absorb all the nutrients made available by the organic matter present on the surface, concluding that all slopes require liming, the slope of Hillside and Mata Nativa they also need plastering for the culture to develop properly.

scholarly journals Changes in soil acidity and organic carbon in a sandy typic hapludalf after medium-term pig-slurry and deep-litter application

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 1620-1628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Brunetto ◽  
Jucinei José Comin ◽  
Djalma Eugênio Schmitt ◽  
Renato Guardini ◽  
Célito Pescador Mezzari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Base Saturation ◽  
Pig Slurry ◽  
Swine Waste ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Aluminum Saturation

Successive applications of liquid swine waste to the soil can increase the contents of total organic carbon and nutrients and change acidity-related soil chemical properties. However, little information is available on the effects of swine waste application in solid form, as of swine deep-litter. The objective of this study was to evaluate alterations of organic carbon and acidity-related properties of a soil after eight years of pig slurry and deep-litter application. In the eighth year of a field experiment established in Braço do Norte, Santa Catarina (SC) on a sandy Typic Hapludalf samples were taken (layers 0-2.5; 2.5-5; 5-10; 10-15; 15-20 and 20-30 cm) from unfertilized plots and plots with pig slurry or deep-litter applications, providing the simple or double rate of N requirement of Zea mays and Avena strigosa in rotation. Soil total organic carbon, water pH, exchangeable Al, Ca and Mg, and cation exchange capacity (CECeffective and CECpH7.0), H+Al, base saturation, and aluminum saturation were measured. The application of pig slurry and deep-litter for eight years increased total organic carbon and CEC in all soil layers. The pig slurry and deep-litter applications reduced active acidity and aluminum saturation and increased base saturation down to a depth of 30 cm. Eight years of pig slurry application did not affect soil acidity.

scholarly journals Soil Fertility as a Criterion of Value Classification of Agricultural Land

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-113
Author(s):  
Viktoriia Makarova ◽  
◽  
Andrii Mykhaylov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Natural Fertility ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Genetic Classification ◽  
Rural Landscapes

Introduction. Soil fertility is the most important parameter that reflects the ecological condition of agricultural land. The complex of interconnected and interdependent properties that determines the natural fertility has certain differences on different types of soils. The constitutional properties of soils are practically not subject to significant changes in relatively short periods of time, while the dynamic-functional ones are quite variable under the influence of anthropogenic factors. In this regard, they have a different impact on the formation of the value of agricultural land. Price is the quantitative equivalent of assessing the right to own or use land resources, and value is an integrated indicator that determines both the set of properties of land resources and their qualitative and quantitative characteristics. Therefore, taking into account the fertility of land as a criterion for the value classification of agricultural land is beyond doubt. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to prove the importance of determining the value of land classification taking into account the fertility of the soil. In this article the presentation of proposals for predictive modeling of land relations is showed. Results. Humus is an essential organic element in which the main nutrients for crops are formed and stored, and therefore humus most accurately characterizes one or another type of productive agricultural soil. It is caused due to the deficit of humus balance in the soil that the value equivalent of agricultural lands significantly decreases. The disproportionate actions of man year by year lead to the transformation of the qualitative properties of productive soils with the loss of significant particles of humus. Direct impoverishment of lands occurs due to insufficient application of organic fertilizers, excessive plowing of rural landscapes, neglect of field crop rotations, and excessive removal of nutrients by commercial crops, reduction of organic residues entering the soil, etc. Conclusions. Genetic classification of land by origin, properties and characteristics is a platform for combining their value equivalent with certain rules and regulations of sustainable productive land use. Based on this, it is appropriate to define the “genetic approach” as a way to study certain phenomena, based not only on the analysis of their genesis, but also on the features of dynamic development associated with the manifestation of ecological and economic transformations in agricultural land use.

scholarly journals Influence of Soil Genesis Factors on Gurghiu Mountain Forest Soils’ Physical and Chemical Properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 14(63) (2) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Avram CICŞA ◽  
◽  
Gheorghe Marian TUDORAN ◽  
Maria BOROEANU ◽  
Alexandru C. DOBRE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Humus Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Base Saturation ◽  
Mountain Forest ◽  
Saturation Degree ◽  
Forest Sites ◽  
Cationic Exchange ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

This research aimed to determine the values of chemical properties and the relationships between the main pedoecological factors that characterize the soils in the Gurghiu Mountains. The mapping surveys were carried out on an area of 4,647.36 ha located in the mixed mountain forest sites (FM2) (1,000–1,400 m altitude). The area was stratified into homogeneous site units in terms of climate, hydricity, and trophicity. At the level of the elementary site units, 35 main soil profiles and 46 control profiles were placed. The number of profiles was determined statistically to ensure an error of no more than 10%. Soil samples collected from the main profiles were analyzed in the laboratory. Soil’s properties values decreased on the soil’s profile (humus content from 15 to 2%, nitrogen from 1.1 to 0.5%, sum of exchangeable hydrogen from 20 to 9 me/100 g soil, and total cationic exchange capacity from 38 to 20 me/100 g soil), except the pH and the base saturation degree (the pH increased on profile from 4.5 to 6, and the base saturation degree from 40 to 70%). The soil properties, except for moisture, were significantly affected by altitude, and decreased when the altitude increased. Soil trophicity can be characterized by a soil index, the values of which were between 17 and 42 for the analyzed soils. These values indicated soil-specific trophicity levels from oligotrophic to eutrophic.

scholarly journals Characterization and Classification of Soils of Jirang Block in Meghalaya Plateau

Agropedology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R.K. Jena ◽  
◽  
V.P. Duraisami ◽  
R. Sivasamy ◽  
S. Shanmugasundaram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Granite Gneiss ◽  
Soil Survey ◽  
Base Saturation ◽  
Moisture Regime ◽  
Lower Base ◽  
Irs P6 ◽  
Deccan Plateau ◽  
Irs P6 Liss Iv

The Meghalaya plateau occupying a major portion of entire state of Meghalaya remains as an important part of the ancient Deccan plateau. A detailed soil survey (1:10,000 scale) of the Jirang block of Ri-Bhoi district was carried out using IRS-P6 LISS IV and Cartosat-1 images. Typical pedons representing major landforms of the study area viz., denudational hills, plateau and inter hill valley plain developed from granite–gneiss occurring under varying land use were characterized, classified and assessed. The soils were deep to very deep, dark grayish brown to red in colour, extremely acid to moderately acid in reaction and high in organic carbon; the latter decreased with increase in depth. Soils on high denudational hills, highly dissected upper and lower plateau and lowly dissected lower plateau are highly weathered (kandic horizons) with base saturation <35% and are classified to Ultisols. Soils on low denudational hills are highly weathered Alfisols. Soils of moderately dissected lower plateau and those on upper valley region are both Alfisols, but the latter has lower base saturation than the former. The soils of the lower valley are Alfisols with an aquic moisture regime.

scholarly journals Characterization and Classification of Soils of the Terra da Esperança Settlement Project in Chapada do Apodi, Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 235
Author(s):  
Joseane Dunga da Costa ◽  
Jeane Cruz Portela ◽  
Phâmella Kalliny Pereira Farias ◽  
Francisco Ernesto Sobrinho ◽  
Carolina Malala Martins Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Classification ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Undisturbed Soil ◽  
Aluminum Saturation ◽  
Crop Area ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Acid Character ◽  
High Aluminum

Soil characterization and pedological classification are essential to define its main potentials and restrictions. The objective of this work was to classify the morphological, physical, chemical, and pedological attributes of soils of the Terra da Esperan&ccedil;a Settlement Project (TESP) in Chapada do Apodi, Brazil, and find the most sensitive attributes for distinguishing them using multivariate analysis. The research was carried out in the TESP, in the municipality of Governor Dix-Sept Rosado, state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Ten sites were chosen to open representative soil profiles: Native Forest Area 1 (NFA1), 2 (NFA2), and 3 (NFA3), Collective Area with Native Forest (CNF), Agroecological Area (AEA), Cashew crop Area (CCA) Collective Area with Pasture 1 (CAP1), and 2 (CAP2), Permanent Preservation Area (PPA), and Cajaraneira (Spondia sp.) Orchard Area (COA). Disturbed and undisturbed soil samples were collected and subjected to physical and chemical analysis for soil classification. The soils classes found were: Cambissolo Haplico Carbonatico vertissolico (NFA1), Cambissolo Haplico Carbonatico tipico (CNF, and AEA), Cambissolo Haplico Ta Eutrofico tipico (CAP2, NFA2, and COA), Cambissolo Haplico Ta Eutrofico vertissolico (NFA3), Argissolo Vermelho Distrofico latossolico (CCA), Chernossolo Rendzico Ortico saprolitico (CAP1), and Neossolo Fluvico Ta Eutrofico tipico (PPA). The material of origin of the soils contributed to the presence of a calcic horizon in the profiles NFA1, CNF, AEA, CCA (Cambissolos), and CAP1 (Chernossolos). The textural class of the soils varied from sand to clay. The Argissolo (CCA) presented acid character, high aluminum saturation, low base saturation, dystrophic character, and low cation exchange capacity, forming horizons with chemical limitations, due to its latossolico character. The most sensitive attributes for distinguishing the soil classes were related to the source material, which directly influenced the soil physical (silt and clay) and chemical (acidity, salinity, nutrient availability, and clay activity) attributes.

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