The Effect of Gelatin Addition from Various Fish Skin to  the Physical and Chemical Properties of Chikuwa

Chikuwa is one of Japanese traditional fishery food product that commonly made from potato starch, fish surimi, and some spices. To enhance Chikuwa physical and chemical properties especially in texture attribute and protein content, Gelatin can be added. Gelatin is a partial hydrolysis protein that usually added in food making process to improve the gumminess quality and the protein content. Gelatin can be derived from bone collagen, skin and fish scale. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of gelatin from various skin fish to the physical and chemical characteristics of Chikuwa. The research method used is experimental laboratories using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 replications. The data analysed with ANOVA and continued with BNJ analysis if there is a significant difference between the treatments. This research has divided into two stages. The first step aim is to make the gelatin from the skin of seabass, payus fish and tilapia with 3% concentrations. The second step is Chikuwa making added with gelatin. The parameters that observed are water content, protein content, white degree, gel strength, sensory attributes, folding, bite. The results showed that Chikuwa with the addition of gelatin from seabass, payus and tilapia skin are significantly different (p <0.05) due to the physical and chemical characteristics of Chikuwa. The best Chikuwa quality is Chikuwa with the addition of seabass gelatin, where the gelatin yield is 18.03 ± 0.68; the gelatin gel strength is 251.11 ± 1.08 bloom; the viscosity is 5.80 ± 0.15 cP; the gel Chikuwa sample strength is 954.54 ± 0.56 gcm and protein content is 22.01 ± 0.98%

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Effect of Mosses on physical and chemical properties of soil in temperate forests of Garhwal Himalayas

Journal of Tropical Ecology ◽

10.1017/s0266467421000249 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Anshu Siwach ◽

Siddhartha Kaushal ◽

Ratul Baishya

Keyword(s):

Physical Properties ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Nutrient Status ◽

High Rate ◽

Physical And Chemical Properties ◽

Garhwal Himalayas ◽

Forest Sites ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

And Chemical Properties

Abstract Mosses are one of the most important and dominant plant communities, especially in the temperate biome, and play a significant role in ecosystem function and dynamics. They influence the water, energy and element cycle due to their unique ecology and physiology. The present study was undertaken in three different temperate forest sites in the Garhwal Himalayas, viz., Triyuginarayan (Kedarnath Wildlife Sanctuary (KWLS)), Chakrata, and Kanasar forest range. The study was focused on understanding the influence of mosses on soil physical properties and nutrient availability. Different physico-chemical properties were analysed under two different substrata, that is, with and without moss cover in two different seasons, viz., monsoon and winter. We observed mosses to influence and alter the physical properties and nutrient status of soil in both seasons. All soil physical and chemical properties, except magnesium, showed significant difference within the substrates, among all the sites and across the two seasons. Besides the soil characteristics underneath the moss vegetation, the study also highlights the diversity of mosses found in the area. Mosses appear to create high nutrient microsites via a high rate of organic matter accumulation and retain nutrients for longer periods thus, maintaining ecosystem stability.

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Characterization of gelatins from Nile tilapia skins preserved by freezing and salting

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2019v40n6p2581 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (6) ◽

pp. 2581

Author(s):

Adriana Cristina Bordignon ◽

Maria Luiza Rodrigues de Souza ◽

Eliane Gasparino ◽

Edson Minoru Yajima ◽

Jesuí Vergílio Visentainer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Nile Tilapia ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Gel Strength ◽

Physical And Chemical Properties ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

And Chemical Properties

After Nile tilapia skin was preserved using the methods of freezing and dry salting, characteristics of skin gelatin were evaluated with regard to yield, rheological features and physical and chemical properties. Preservation was performed after filleting, at which time skins were either frozen (-18°C) for 7 days or salted (25°C) for 7 days. Although no differences (p > 0.05) were observed with respect to humidity, protein, lipid, ash and calcium levels, gelatin from salted skins had a higher concentration of iron relative to frozen skins. Further, twenty-three fatty acids were detected in salted skins compared with merely three found in skin derived gelatin. Of amino acids found, glycine, alanine, proline and arginine were the most abundant. Hydroxyproline abundance in salted and frozen skin gelatin were 8.76% and 8.71%, respectively. In addition, salted skin gelatins had a greater accumulation of saturated fatty acids and lower rates of monounsaturated fatty acids. Salted skin gelatin had the highest yield (18g × 100g-1), gel strength (200 g) and viscosity (19.02mPas) when compared to the yield (17g × 100g-1), gel strength (12.7g) and viscosity (9.16 mPas) of frozen skins. Results show that gelatin from dry salted skin had the best yield and also had relatively better rheological properties, more iron, and better coloration relative to gelatin obtained from frozen skins of Nile tilapia.

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Improve the physical and chemical properties of camel's hair fiber in Afif province: تحسين الخصائص الفيزيائية والكيميائية لشعيرات وبر الإبل بمحافظة عفيف

Journal of natural sciences, life and applied sciences - مجلة العلوم الطبيعية و الحياتية والتطبيقية ◽

10.26389/ajsrp.l250519 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Leila Mahmoud Mokhtar, Enas Ibrahim Moussa

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Protein Content ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Physical And Chemical Properties ◽

Textile Materials ◽

Hair Fiber ◽

German System ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

And Chemical Properties

The study aimed to draw attention to the camel's hair available in Afif province and to give information about their physical and chemical properties, and improve their properties. The researchers' collected 50 samples of camel's hair, analyze, and then add improvement material. The study concluded that the Afif Province camel's hair have properties that can converted into textile materials. The softness are from 24.5 to 29 μ, (B and C1) according to the classification of the German system GER, and between 58 S And 60 S according to the classification of (USA, AUS, GRB). The thickness between 5.3 - 12 cn/ tex. The length between (3.8 - 25.5 cm), and the colors of camels hair (Brown, light brown, light creamy, dark creamy). The chemical properties were similar to the global chemical properties of wool, Absorption of moisture from 0.10% to 0.26%, the protein content from 52% to 95%, and its capable temperature to 140 °C without occur softness or fusion, and after 140 degree centigrade the decomposition occurs. Characteristics of the camel's hair can improve by adding some chemicals, such as acetic acid to improve the softness without affecting the durability, or by mixed with other fiber.

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Influences of Land Use/ Cover Changes on Soil Properties in Rib Watershed, Ethiopia

10.21203/rs.3.rs-94151/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Fentanesh Haile Buruso ◽

Zenebe Admasu Teferi

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Temporal Variations ◽

Natural Forest ◽

Physical And Chemical Properties ◽

Natural Forests ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

And Chemical Properties

Abstract BackgroundThe decrease in the area under natural vegetation and its conversion into other types of use has resulted in resource degradation including soil quality loss. Soil properties response to changes in land use/ cover has shown spatial and temporal variations. Hence this study was carried out to examine the influence of land use/ cover changes on physical and chemical properties of the soils in Rib watershed. Soil samples were taken over three selected land use/ covers (natural forest, grazing and cultivated lands) in two agro- ecological zones (Dega and High Dega). Multivariate analysis of variance (MNOVA) and Pearson’s correlation was computed. ResultsThe study revealed that land use/ cover and altitude have influenced physical and chemical properties of the soil in the study watershed. Significant difference in distribution of soil texture, BD, OC, TN and pH among land use/ covers have been observed. Natural forest had higher OC, OC stock and TN than grazing and cultivated lands. The mean OC stock ranged from 188.32 t/ha in natural forest to 72.75t/ha in cultivated lands. Soil pH was slightly higher for natural forests and lower in the soils of grazing and cultivated lands. Significant difference (P<0.05) among the two agro ecologies were also observed in OC, Ca2+, clay, and silt.. ConclusionTherefore, land use/ cover changes have affected the concentration of TN, OC, increase soil acidity and compaction that can affect productive of soils and production of crops.

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Effect of sulfur fertilization on the physical and chemical properties of crambe (Crambe abyssinica Hochst ex R.E. Fries) seeds

OCL ◽

10.1051/ocl/2020008 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 ◽

pp. 18

Author(s):

Ewa Ropelewska ◽

Krzysztof J. Jankowski

Keyword(s):

Protein Content ◽

Seed Weight ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Physical And Chemical Properties ◽

Crude Protein Content ◽

Crambe Abyssinica ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

Sulfur Fertilization ◽

And Chemical Properties

Crambe seeds have numerous industrial applications. Crambe seed oil contains mostly monounsaturated fatty acids. Seeds contain crude protein, amino acid, glucosinolates. They are used in human and animal nutrition. The aim of this study was to determine the physical and chemical properties of crambe seeds subjected to fertilization at 0, 15, 30 kg S ha−1. Thousand seed weight ranged from 6.93 g (0S) to 8.04 g (30S). All results were statistically significantly different. Length (L) of seeds ranged from 2.20 mm (0S, 15S) to 2.24 mm (30S), width (S) ranged from 1.90 mm (0S) to 1.95 mm (30S), surface area (F) ranged from 3.53 mm2 (0S) to 3.67 mm2 (30S). All samples (0S, 15S, 30S) formed one homogenous group for the values of L, S, F. Crude fat content was 349.8 g kg−1 DM (0S) to 377.9 g kg−1 DM (30S) and crude protein content was 241.0 g kg−1 DM (0S) to 250.3 g kg−1 DM (30S). The results for each sample were statistically significantly different. The results can be used in practice to determine the dose of sulfur fertilizer. Fertilization caused changes in 1000 seed weight of crambe. Additionally, selected linear dimensions and shape factors of crambe seeds were affected by fertilizer. Sulfur fertilization caused changes in the crude fat and crude protein content of crambe seeds.

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Substratos no desenvolvimento de cultivares de gérbera envasada

Ornamental Horticulture ◽

10.14295/oh.v21i2.566 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 177

Author(s):

Fernanda Ludwig ◽

Dirceu Maximino Fernandes ◽

Amaralina Celoto Guerrero ◽

Roberto Lyra Villas Bôas

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Ornamental Plants ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Chemical Characteristics ◽

Physical And Chemical Properties ◽

Ph Values ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

And Chemical Properties

The gerbera is a prominent culture that has gained in the Brazilian market of flowers and ornamental plants and there is a great demand for adequate substrates for its production. This study was conducted to evaluate the growth and distribution of dry mass and nitrogen in potted gerbera, depending on the substrates and cultivars. Experimental design was randomized blocks in a 5x2 factorial arrangement (5 substrates and 2 cultivars). Red and Cherry cultivars were evaluated at 1, 15, 29, 43 and 50 days of acclimation (DAA) to the leaves number, leaf area, dry mass of aerial parts (leaf and flower) and accumulation of nitrogen. From 29 DAA, the inflorescence has established as the drain and has contributed significantly to the total dry mass. The accumulation of nitrogen was similar in vegetative and reproductive periods. The traits evaluated varied depending on the substrate used, influenced by physical and chemical properties of the same. The growth, dry matter and nitrogen distribution potted gerbera cultivars Cherry and Red are influenced by physical and chemical characteristics of substrates, with better results in substrates with bulk density of less than 530 kg m-3 and pH values between 5.5 and 6.8

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The Characteristics of Buffalo Hide as Raw Material for Gelatin Production

Journal of Applied Food Technology ◽

10.17728/jaft.3 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Sri Mulyani ◽

F.M.C. Sigit Setya Budi ◽

Yudi Pranoto ◽

Umar Santoso

Keyword(s):

Chemical Properties ◽

Gel Strength ◽

Raw Material ◽

Physical And Chemical Properties ◽

Hydroxyproline Content ◽

Collagen Density ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

Better Than ◽

And Chemical Properties

This study was aimed to observe the physical and chemical properties of buffalo hide as raw material for gelatin production by pretreatment using alkali-acid. Buffalo hide was observed on three sections, i.e. back (butt/croupon), abdomen (belly) and shoulder. The physical properties of the hide were analysed through the measurement of hide thickness, whereas the chemical properties were analysed by determining the proximate and amino acid composition. The qualities of gelatin (gel strength, viscosity and pH) were compared to standard commercial gelatin and Gelatin Manufactures Institute of America (GMIA). Gelatin extraction was done using a combination pretreatment alkali (0.5M NaOH) and acid (0,9M HCl). The results showed that butt section had collagen density was best compared to shoulder and belly. The thickness of butt (10.219 ± 0.318 mm) smaller than the shoulder (11.365 ± 0.389 mm), but thicker than the belly. The protein and hydroxyproline content on the butt was the highest, resulting the value 27.517 ± 0.049% and 97.330 ± 0.331 ppm, respectively. Extraction using 0.9 M hydrochloric acid produced yield 29.17 ± 2.12%. The gel strength 242.35 ± 12.90 g Bloom, viscosity 16.37 ± 1.5 cp and pH 5.15 ± 0.05. The gelatin quality meets the standards of quality of GMIA (2012) even better than commercial gelatin.

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Assessment of Compost Maturity by Simple-Barrel Method for Kitchen Waste

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.295-298.1745 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 295-298 ◽

pp. 1745-1750 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kuang Hung Cheng ◽

Mei Chuan Huang ◽

Mei Fang Lu ◽

Jim Jui Min Lin

Keyword(s):

Organic Waste ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Waste Recycling ◽

Physical And Chemical Properties ◽

Kitchen Waste ◽

Easy Method ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

And Chemical Properties

Kitchen waste recycling is an environmental friendly measure. Two identical samples of kitchen waste were conducted for composting by the barrel-type of method in this study. Compost produced from these two experiments was analyzed for their physical and chemical properties. No significant difference was found between the compositions of the two kitchen waste samples. The major components of the two kitchen waste samples of this study were water content (averaged 72.7%), followed by combustible constituent (about 25.6%). The carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio was between 15 and 25. Compost by the simple barrel method had the average C/N ratio of 12. For the simple barrel method, because its enzyme fermentation lasted longer, the maturity of the compost was better. The compost samples had the average germination rate of 95%, indicating the simple barrel composting method definitely has better maturity. When comparing the compost samples produced in this study to the standards given by the Council of Agriculture, Taiwan, the simple barrel compost qualified all the criteria. The simple barrel composting method is a convenient and easy method for recycling and processing organic waste, especially kitchen. The compost products, both solid and liquid, can be used for agricultural purposes.

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SIFAT FISIKA DAN KIMIA TANAH PADA LAHAN HUTAN GAMBUT BEKAS TERBAKAR: STUDI KASUS KABUPATEN OGAN KOMERING ILIRSUMATERA SELATAN, INDONESIA PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF BURNT PEAT LAND FOREST: CASE STUDY IN OGAN KOMERING ILIR REGENCY, SOUTH SUMATRA, INDONESIA

Sylva: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Kehutanan ◽

10.32502/sylva.v8i1.1854 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Lulu Yuningsih ◽

Bastoni Bastoni ◽

Taty Yulianty ◽

Jun Harbi

Keyword(s):

Bulk Density ◽

Chemical Elements ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Germplasm Conservation ◽

Physical And Chemical Properties ◽

Comprehensive Information ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

Properties Of Soil ◽

And Chemical Properties

Kebakaran di hutan gambut telah mengubah karakteristik lahan tersebut. Ironisnya, saat ini perhatian berupa riset terhadap sifat fisik dan kimia lahan gambut yang mengalami perubahan tersebut masih sangat rendah. Padahal sifat fisik dan kimia gambut merupakan faktor penting yang mempengaruhi kemampuan tanah untuk berproses. Sehingga tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk kondisi fisik dan kimia tanah pada lahan gambut pasca kebakaran tahun 2006 dan 2015. Studi ini dilakukan pada tahun 2017 di Kebun Konservasi Plasma Nutfah, Indonesia dan analisis dilakukan di Laboratorium Ilmu Tanah, Universitas Sriwijaya dan Balai Riset Standarisasi Industri Palembang (Baristand). Berdasarkan analisis uji lanjutan Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ) pada sifat fisika tanah menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan nyata terhadap perubahan kadar air dan bulk density di lahan pasca terbakar tahun 2015 dan lahan pasca terbakar tahun 2006 yang sudah dilakukan kegiatan rehabilitasi. Pada sifat kimia, pH, C-Organik, Phospor, dan Kalium menunjukkan adanya perubahan nyata terhadap kebakaran di lahan gambut pasca terbakar tahun 2006 dan di lahan gambut pasca terbakar tahun 2015, akan tetapi terhadap N-total adanya perubahan akan tetapi tidak terlalu nyata di kedua lokasi. Masih dibutuhkan informasi lebih komprehensif terhadap unsur fisika dan kimia lainnya serta sifat biologi tanah sehingga dapat menjadi acuan yang lebih presisi. Fires in peat forests have changed the characteristics of the land. Ironically, current attention includes research on the physical and chemical properties of peatlands that have changed is still scarce. Though the physical and chemical properties of peatlands is an essential factor affecting the ability of the soil to process. So, the purpose of this research is to analyze the physical and chemical properties of soil on peatlands after burning in 2006 and 2015. This study was conducted in 2017 at the Kebun Konservasi Plasma Nutfah (Germplasm Conservation Garden), Indonesia and analysis were carried out at the Soil Science Laboratory, Sriwijaya University and the Palembang Industrial Standardization Research Center (Baristand). Based on further analysis of Honest Significant Difference (BNJ) on the physical properties of soil shows that there are significant differences in changes of water content and bulk density in post-burnt land in 2015 and post-burnt land in 2006 that have been carried out rehabilitation activities. In the analysis of chemical properties consisting of analysis of pH, C-Organic, Phosphor, and Potassium showed a real change in fires in peatlands after burning in 2006 and peatlands after burning in 2015. However, at the N-total values, changes occurred but not too real in both locations. More comprehensive information is still needed on other physical and chemical elements as well as soil biological characteristics so that they can become more precise references.

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Jambolan nectar: physical and chemical properties due to formulation ingredients

Research Society and Development ◽

10.33448/rsd-v9i5.3212 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. e161953212

Author(s):

Jackeline Cintra Soares ◽

Manoel Soares Soares Júnior ◽

Iramaia Angélica Neri Numa ◽

Gláucia Maria Pastore ◽

Márcio Caliari

Keyword(s):

Citric Acid ◽

Food Industry ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Chemical Characteristics ◽

Physical And Chemical Properties ◽

Simplex Design ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

And Chemical Properties

The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of different proportions of jambolan pulp, sugar and water on the physical and chemical characteristics to obtain information that allows the use of jambolan and, consequently, the evaluation of these fruits. Six jambolan nectar formulations were established through Simplex design. Ingredients significantly affected luminosity (32,14-34,24), apparent viscosity (7.8-73.8 cP), total soluble solids (8.87-26.43 °Brix), titratable acidity (0.55 -0.83g citric acid 100g-1) and the TSS / TA ratio (16.05-34.96) in jambolan nectars. Jambolan nectar with 55g 100g-1 of jambolan pulp, 15g 100g-1 of sugar and 30g 100g-1 of water has the highest desirability in relation to physical and physicochemical properties, 85.1% DPPH inhibition, 10526.12 μg TE mL-1 and 27014.25 μmol TE mL-1 by ABTS and ORAC method, respectively. It could be concluded that it is possible to produce jambolan nectar which can increase the possibilities of applying fruit as an ingredient in the food industry.

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