TO THE QUESTION OF PROTECTION OF PLAIN LANDS FROM FLOODING

2020 ◽  
pp. 77-83
Author(s):  
V.I. SMETANIN ◽  
◽  
I.M. ZHOGIN
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Level Scheme ◽  
Building Material ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Flood Plain ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Wave Impact ◽  
Hydraulic Fill ◽  
Multi Level

There are considered engineering solutions on protection of flood plain – riverbed areas by means of the system of alluvial dams with a multi-level scheme of their location and a possibility of flood pass in the automated regime from the first level of the protection dam to the next. The proposed solution allows preventing from dam erosion in case of flood rising higher its crest. The authors propose a comprehensive approach to the floodplain protection from floodwater using hydro – mechanization means which includes clearing of the riverbed from bottom sediments with pump dredgers increasing its capacity and simultaneously alluvial narrow-profile dams from the bottom sediments using a device for alluvial washing,which allows alluvial narrow-profile dams with a combined profile in the form of side prisms from large fractions of soil and the middle part-from small fractions. The characteristics of the protective dam with this profile are resistant to wave impact and filtration of the dam. Calculations of technical and technological parameters carried out by the authors, as well as laboratory and field studies confirmed the possibility of using bottom sediments as a building material for construction of narrow-profile dams by the hydraulic fill method.

HYDRAULIC JUSTIFICATION FOR THE OPERATION OF THE DEVICE FOR ALLUVIATION OFNARROW-PROFILEDAMS

2021 ◽  
pp. 134-141
Author(s):  
I. M. ZHOGHOGIN ◽  
◽  
V. I. SMETANIN ◽  
A. A. STEPANOV ◽  
D. A. PENKIN
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Building Material ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Average Speed ◽  
General Flow ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Inlet Opening

The construction of protective dams is the most effective means of combating flooding. There are various ways to build protective dams. The alluvial method of constructing protective dams can significantly reduce the cost of their construction. The article describes a method and device for alluvial narrow-profile dams that allows the use of bottom sediments as a building material. The method includes clearing the riverbed from bottom sediments with dredging operations,improving the fl ow capacity during floods. The work is carried out by a dredger and the developed soil in the form of pulp is delivered to the alluvial device. The alluvial device ensures the separation of large fractions of soil from the general flow of pulp and allows the formation of a narrow-profile dam with stable slopes and an antifiltration core. The article offers hydraulic calculations that allow us to justify the design and technological parameters of the method and device for alluvial narrow-profile dams: the values of the fl ow rate and the average speed of the pulp movement in the distribution unit of the device are determined; the dimensions of the inlet opening of the bell are justified; the time of alluvium of one map is determined; the number of outlet openings in the distribution slurry pipelines is justified and their location is specified. Nomograms are constructed that allow us to determine the optimal modes of alluvial dams – the length of the pulp pipeline, the height of the pulp rise, and the time of fi lling the alluvial map.

Mercury in bottom sediments of the Amur River, its flood-plain lakes and estuary, Eastern Siberia

2009 ◽  
Vol 168 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 133-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fyodor S. Kot ◽  
Konstantin G. Bakanov ◽  
Nikolay A. Goryachev
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Flood Plain ◽  
Eastern Siberia ◽  
Amur River ◽  
The Amur River

scholarly journals Current State of Heterotrophic Bacterioplankton and Bacteriobenthos in the Northern and Middle Parts of the Caspian Sea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Dyakova ◽  
Victoria Volodina ◽  
Ekaterina Galyautdinova ◽  
Anna Menkova ◽  
Olga Soprunova
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacterioplankton ◽  
Fermenting Bacteria ◽  
Two Peaks

Data on the abundance of heterotrophic bacterioplankton and bacteriobenthos in the northern and middle parts of the Caspian during the period from 2013 to 2017 are presented. In the waters of the northern part of the Caspian, a peak in the number of saprotrophs and crude oil degraders was recorded in 2013. In the middle part of the Caspian and in the region of the Mangyshlak regression, high numbers of heterotrophic bacteria were recorded in 2013 and 2016. The biodiversity of bacterioplankton in the surveyed areas is almost the same; the species composition of saprotrophs and crude oil degraders is identical. In the bottom sediments of the northern and middle parts of the Caspian Sea, two peaks of saprotrophic bacteriobenthos development (in 2013 and 2016) were recorded; in the region of the Mangyshlak threshold, the concentration of saprotrophs remained stable. The number of crude oil degraders was inferior to those of saprotrophs, while the proportion of crude oil degraders to saprotrophs changed annually. The species composition of saprotrophs is relatively stable, the biodiversity of oil-oxidizing bacteriobenthos has changed in the direction of increasing the proportion of non-fermenting bacteria. Constant changes in the ratio of the number of saprotrophs and crude oil degraders, together with the transformations of the dominant groups of the species composition of bacteria, indicated the instability of bacteriobenthos, and, as a result, the vulnerability of the microecosystem of bottom sediments under changing environmental conditions.

scholarly journals Integrated development of iron ore deposits based on competitive underground geotechnologies

2021 ◽  
Vol 250 ◽  
pp. 569-577
Author(s):  
Vladimir Trushko ◽  
Olga Trushko
Keyword(s):  
Iron Ore ◽  
Strength Criterion ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Iron Ores ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Complex Development ◽  
Analytical Review

The article presents an analytical review of the current state of the iron ore base of the ferrous metallurgy of Russia and the world, identifies the largest iron ore provinces and iron ore producers. The promising directions of development and improvement of the quality of the iron ore base of Russia and the features of the development of new deposits of rich iron ores are identified. Effective technologies for the development of rich iron ores deposits that ensure an increase in production volumes are proposed. The geomechanical justification of rational technological parameters that are easily adapted to changes in mining and geological conditions has been performed. Based on the results of field studies, the use of an elastic-plastic model with the Coulomb – Mohr strength criterion for modeling changes in the stress-strain state of an ore rock mass during mining operations is justified and recommendations for ensuring the stability of mine workings are developed. Effective engineering and technical solutions for the complex development and deep processing of rich iron ores with the production of fractionated sinter ore, which increases the efficiency of metallurgical processes, the production of high-grade iron oxide pigments and iron ore briquettes, which increase the competitiveness of iron ore companies and the full use of the resource potential of deposits, are presented.

scholarly journals Agrotechnical and energy assessment of strip tillage machine in field conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00248
Author(s):  
S.G. Mudarisov ◽  
H.M. Safin ◽  
I.M. Farkhutdinov ◽  
R.I. Aminov
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Experimental Setup ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Energy Assessment ◽  
Load Cells ◽  
Energy Indicators ◽  
Strip Tillage ◽  
The Relationship

The article presents the results of field studies to determine the quality and energy indicators of a modernized cultivator for strip tillage for industrial crops. An experimental setup with load cells with a nominal value of 30000 N is designed to measure the tractive resistance of the cultivator in the field. The result of the study is to establish the relationship between the cultivator traction resistance on the speed movement at various angles of spherical disks attack and the degree of crumbling on the structural and technological parameters of the cultivator. Various structural and technological parameters of the cultivator are the basis for measuring hectare fuel consumption.

scholarly journals Experimental studies results of electromagnetic field effect of dielcometer system to increase the yield of greenhouse crops

2020 ◽  
Vol 176 ◽  
pp. 03011
Author(s):  
Roman S. Singatulin ◽  
Alexandr V. Sapryka
Keyword(s):  
Chromosomal Aberrations ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Flow Density ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Tomato Seed ◽  
Biological Objects ◽  
Tomato Seeds

The article presents experimental studies of the application of electromagnetic technologies for impact on biological objects. Tomato seeds were chosen as experimental biological objects. For the study, the technological parameters of EMF were obtained using the method of full factor experiment. Laboratory and field studies were carried out. In laboratory studies, the results of EMF effects on chromosomal aberrations of tomato seeds were obtained. Dependencies of chromosomal aberrations in tomato seeds on changes in seeds EMF exposure, EMF frequency, and EMF power flow density were given. In field studies, pre-sowing treatment of tomato seeds with electromagnetic radiation was performed in order to cause changes in biochemical processes in the plant. During the experiment, 55 options of pre-sowing EMF treatment with specified parameters were obtained. Dependencies of tomato seed germination on input parameters - EMF frequency, power flow density and exposure were given. After laboratory and field tests, it was concluded that pre-sowing EMF treatment of tomato seeds with optimal parameters results in an increase in chromosomal aberrations of tomatoes by 5.5%; field germination of tomatoes by 18%.

Faecal Lipids Released by Fish Feeding on Zooplankton

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 547-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. G. Prahl ◽  
G. Eglinton ◽  
E. D. S. Corner ◽  
S. C. M. O'Hara
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Water Column ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Fish Feeding ◽  
Faecal Material ◽  
General Field

Pelagic zooplankton and fish release faecal material which rapidly sinks through the water column and contributes various amounts and types of organic and other chemical constituents to bottom sediments. The major importance of this process in linking biological events in the water column with inputs to sediments has been well demonstrated in a number of sea areas through the use of field experiments with pumps or traps (Bishop et al. 1977; Gagosian, Volkman & Nigrelli, 1983; Honjo, 1978; Knauer, Martin & Bruland, 1979; Prahl, Bennett & Carpenter, 1980; Wakeham et al. 1980; Wakeham, Farrington & Volkman, 1983). In general, field studies have shown that the deposition of organic matter of pelagic origin occurs with considerable alterations both quantitative and qualitative (Gagosian, Nigrelli & Volkman, 1983; Prahl et al. 1980; Wakeham, 1982). Such studies, however, have not clearly defined how individual biological processes competing in the water column influence the overall composition of organic matter in vertically transported paniculate material.

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