scholarly journals New breed of dairy cattle Sibiryachka

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 62-70
Author(s):  
S. В. Yarantseva ◽  
M. A. Shishkina ◽  
L. D. Gerasimchuk
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
White Breed ◽  
One Year

Based on the use of the best domestic and world gene pool of the Holstein breed, a domestic highly productive breed of cattle with a genetic potential of more than 10 000 kg of milk per lactation adapted to the climatic conditions of Siberia was created. When breeding it, different reproductive crosses were used. As a result, a competitive livestock breed with a population of 26 770 heads was obtained. The productivity of 10 129 cows at the time of breed testing averaged 7,461 kg of milk with a fat content of 3.78% and a protein content of 3.16%. In terms of milk yield and protein content in milk, they surpass Black-and-White cows by 1,460 kg and 0.05%, respectively. However, the animals of the original breed have a higher fat content of milk, by 0.14%. The live weight of cows of Sibiryachka breed is 36 kg (6%) more than that of Black-and-White cows. Young animals of the new breed are intensively growing and developing. At all ages, their live weight is higher than Black-and-White peers. The average daily increase from birth to one year for heifers of the new breed was 770 g, for Black-and-White peers – 700 g. For a growing period of up to 18 months, daily growth averaged 706 and 673 g, respectively. The live weight of heifers at 18 months is 424 kg, Black-and-White – 405 kg, which allows insemination of heifers of Sibiryachka breed 24 days earlier. The average yield of calves over 3 years in the new breed was 82.7%, in the original one it was 3.7% less. The period of use of the cows of the created breed is 3.47 calving, which is 8% more compared to the Black-and-White breed.

Milk productivity of the cows of Holstein and Simmental breeds in environment of the Novosibirsk region

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Zheltikov ◽  
N. Kostomakhin ◽  
D. Adushinov ◽  
O. Zaiko ◽  
V. Dementev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Novosibirsk Region ◽  
Daily Milk Yield

The characteristic of milk productivity of cows of Holstein and Simmental breeds in LLC “Sibirskaya Niva” in the Maslyaninsky district in the Novosibirsk region has been given. It has been revealed that under the natural and climatic environments of the Western Siberia, when creating favorable conditions for feeding and housing for cows of Holstein and Simmental breeds have sufficiently high milk productivity. It has been found that Holstein first-calf heifers surpassed their Simmental herdmates by 959 kg in milk yield for the first 305 days of lactation under the same conditions of housing and feeding, by 3,1 kg in daily milk yield, by 38,2 kg in milk fat yield, and by 28,3 kg in milk protein yield (P < 0,001). There were no statistically significant differences between animals of Holstein and Simmental breeds in terms of fat and protein content in milk, which amounted to 3,94 and 2,96 % in Holstein breed and 3,97 and 2,98 % in Simmental breed, respectively. Both breeds have shown high milk productivity during the first 3 lactations. Thus, the milk yield of Holstein cows for the first 3 lactation was 6475–9290 kg, Simmental cows it was 5516–7680 kg, fat content was 3,93–3,99 and 3,96–3,97 %, respectively. The protein content in the milk of cows of both breeds did not exceed 3,0 %. High variability has been found in milk yield, yield of milk fat and protein, the coefficient of milk content and duration of lactation, the lowest in the content of protein and fat in milk and live weight. The correlation coefficients between the fat and protein content in milk were generally positive, but did not exceed 0,28. Therefore, breeding in the herd of cows in LLC “Sibirskaya Niva” have to be conducted not only by fat content, but also by protein content in milk.

scholarly journals Influence of Genotype and Intensity of Cows’ Formation on the Level of their Lactation performance

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Т.В. Павлова ◽  
Н.Н. Шамич ◽  
В.А. Бельцов
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Weight Fraction ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Lactation Performance ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
White Breed ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Protein Milk

Цель работы – установить влияние генотипа и интенсивности формирования коров на уровень их молочной продуктивности в одном из предприятий Минской области Республики Беларусь. Объектом исследований являлись 940 коров белорусской чёрно-пёстрой породы с разной долей генотипа по голштинской породе. Для проведения группировки коров по генотипам у каждого животного определяли линейную принадлежность, породность по голштинской породе и страну селекции отца. При оценке молочной продуктивности коров учитывались следующие показатели: удой за 305 дней первой и последней законченной лактации; массовая доля жира, %; массовая доля белка, %; выход молочного жира и белка, кг. Установлено, что с увеличением породности по голштинской породе у коров в стаде рассматриваемого предприятия прослеживается повышение удоев и снижение жирно- и белковомолочности. Наиболее высокий удой наблюдается у коров шведской (9190 кг) и итальянской (8148 кг) селекций, удой этих коров достоверно (Р = 0,999) превышает средний по стаду на 2019 и 977 кг соответственно; массовая доля жира и белка в молоке – у коров российской селекции (4,26 и 3,54% соответственно); у животных белорусской селекции удой составил 6714 кг при жирно- и белковомолочности 4,24 и 3,49% соответственно. С увеличением интенсивности формирования животных снижается возраст первого осеменения и увеличивается живая масса при первом осеменении, наиболее близки к оптимальным параметры у умеренноформирующихся животных. У них же отмечен и наиболее высокий удой за 305 дней первой лактации – 7226 кг, что достоверно (Р = 0,95) превышает этот показатель у медленно- и быстроформирующихся животных на 264 и 150 кг соответственно. The purpose of the work is to establish the influence of the genotype and intensity of cows’ formation on the level of their lactation performance in one of the enterprises of the Minsk region of the Republic of Belarus. The object of research was 940 cows of the Belarusian Black-and-White breed with different genotype proportions for the Holstein breed. To group cows by genotypes, each animal was determined by directional affiliation, race by Holstein breed and country of father selection. When assessing the lactation performance of cows, the following indicators were taken into account: yield for 305 days of the first and last completed lactation; weight fraction of fat, %; weight fraction of protein, %; milk fat and protein yield, kg. It was established that with an increase in breeding in the Holstein breed, cows in the herd of the enterprise under consideration show an increase in yields and a decrease in fat and protein milking capacity. The highest yield is observed in cows of Swedish (9190 kg) and Italian (8148 kg) selection, the yield of these cows significantly (P = 0.999) exceeds the herd average yield for 2019 and 977 kg, respectively; mass fraction of fat and protein in milk – in cows of Russian selection (4.26 and 3.54%, respectively); in animals of Belarusian selection the yield was 6714 kg with fat and protein milking capacity of 4.24 and 3.49%, respectively. As the intensity of animal formation increases, the age of the first insemination decreases and the live weight increases at the first insemination, the parameters are closest to optimal in moderately forming animals. They also had the highest yield for 305 days of the first lactation – 7226 kg, which significantly (P = 0.95) exceeds this indicator in slow and fast-forming animals by 264 and 150 kg, respectively.

Dynamics of the live weight of replacement heifers depending on their origin from the sire

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-30
Author(s):  
O. V. Gorelik ◽  
N. A. Fedoseeva ◽  
A. S. Gorelik ◽  
E. V. Koksharov
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Age Dynamics ◽  
Breeding Stock ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Intensive Rearing ◽  
Selection Of

In the last few decades the improvement of domestic dairy cattle was due to the widespread use of the gene pool of the best world breed such as Holstein. As a result of crossbreeding the breeding stock of the domestic Black-and-White breed with the sires of Holstein breed in different regions of the country a population of crossbreds has been created. The purpose of the work was to study the age dynamics of the live weight of replacement heifers depending on the paternal origin and the correlation between the indicators for the growth periods. The daughters of different sires have a difference in their live weight at the first insemination. The live weight of more than 400 kg was obtained from replacement heifers obtained from the sires Saber, Decaro and Baquero. The daughters of the sires Gatedenser, Bentley and Alta Ciara in live weight were inferior to their herdmates by 2,7–9,3 kg or by 0,7–2,8 % (P ≥ 0,05). The bulk of the replacement heifers are inseminated at the age of 13 months and only the daughters of the sire Alta Ciara are inseminated at the age of 14,1 months with a live weight of 396,7 kg. Despite the almost identical live weight of heifers at birth they differed from each other in the process of rearing. It has been established that the live weight at birth is not an indicator for assessing the further growth of replacement young animals. At 6 months of age the correlation of live weight at the age of 6 months and at the first insemination was positive and ranges from 0,01 (daughters of the sire Baquero) to 0,55 (daughters of the sire Decaro). Selection of heifers at the age of 6 months by their live weight allows us to choose the best and provide the opportunity to inseminate them at the age of 12–13 months with the organization of intensive rearing.

scholarly journals Productivity of fi rst-calf cows of different sire lines

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 58-64
Author(s):  
A. G. Kolchev
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
White Breed ◽  
High Level ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

The results of the study of milk productivity and lactation rates of fi rst-calf cows are presented. The research into fi rst-calf cows of black-andwhite Holstein breed, belonging to sire lines of Wis Ideal 1013415 and Refl ection Sovereign 198998 was conducted in 2018 in Novosibirsk region. The number of cows under study was 64, the period of the study covered 305 days of lactation. Monitoring of milk production, milk fl ow intensity, fat and protein content was carried out monthly. The research materials were analyzed for groups of cows depending on their sire line and productivity for single and daily milk yield, fat and protein content, and dynamics of milk ejection for the fi rst 3 minutes of milking. The highest daily milk yield in both lines was observed in the second month of lactation. In the fourth and fi fth months of lactation, the average daily milk yield of Refl ection Sovereign cows was signifi cantly higher (р < 0.001) than that of their peers of the Vis Ideal line, by 1.3 kg. During the lactation period, the productivity of the Vis Ideal and Refl ection Sovereign cows was almost the same: milk yield – 8296 and 8220 kg, fat content – 4.02 and 4.06%, protein – 3.36 and 3.35% and milk fl ow intensity – 2.70 and 2.78 kg/min, respectively. In the second and third months of lactation, cows of both lines had a decrease in the content of fat, protein and intensity of milk fl ow with a gradual increase in these indices in the fourth and fi fth months of lactation. First-calf cows of the black-and-white breed of Canadian selection of different sire lines showed a high level of milk productivity and proved to be suitable for further breeding work.

THE BLACK-AND-WHITE CATTLE BREEDING RESULTS WHEN USING THE POTENTIAL OF HOLSTEIN BREED

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (86) ◽  
pp. 107-114
Author(s):  
А.I. Shendakov ◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Mothers And Daughters ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Productive Traits ◽  
Positive Correlations

The share of genes of Holstein breed was 76.8% in the herd. It was found that during the research period, the normal distributions of milk productivity traits were observed in the herd. The number of cows in the herd decreased, but their breeding qualities increased. The main reason for which animals were culled from the herd was their gynecological diseases (in some years, up to 175 to 188 heads were culled). The protein content in milk varied from 2.90 to 3.39%. Most cows produced milk in which the protein content was at a level of 3.00 to 3.19%. The herd showed positive correlations between the yields of mothers and daughters for the 305-day-long period: 0.234 for the whole herd, 0.517 for the group of cows with 50% of Holstein breed (HF) genes, 0.098 for the group with 51-75% of HF genes, and 0,189 for the group with minimum 76% of HF genes. For the herd, the heritability coefficient for milk yield for the 305- day-long period (h2) was 0.468. The percent of the protein content in milk produced by cows with 50% of Holstein genes had a high heritability coefficient of 0.668. Only cows of the M. Chieftain line showed positive correlations between the fat content in milk produced by mothers and daughters, and positive correlations between the protein content in milk produced by cows of the W. B. Ideal and M. Chieftain lines was found. With an increase in percent of Holstein breed genes (HF) from 25 to 75% and more, there were no significant differences in milk yield among first-calf cows (they amounted to 5,424 ± 83 – 5,520 ± 116 kg of milk). The percentage of fat and protein in milk for the whole herd was positively interconnected (r = + 0.460). On average, daughters exceeded their mothers by 23.3% in terms of milk yield and by 2.0% in terms of the percentage of fat content in milk (of the trait value). The quantity of milk fat and protein increased by 25.8 and 22.5%, respectively. Based on the research results, it has been concluded that the Holstein breed has a positive effect on the productive traits of dairy cattle, but technology optimization is required to continue selection activities.

Realization of the potential of cows of Holstein breed of different generations in terms of productive traits

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-35
Author(s):  
O. V. Nazarchenko ◽  
A. N. Rusanov
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Productive Traits

Breeding work with dairy cattle in the Kurgan region is aimed at breeding animals that combine the adaptive properties and valuable traits of cattle of Black-and-White breed with a high proportion of genes of Holstein breed. Such animals are characterized by high productivity and suitability for intensive technology of their housing. The purpose of the research was to determine the indicators of milk productivity of first-calf heifers of different generations of Holstein breed, imported to the pedigree farms of the Kurgan region, as well as to determine the degree of realization of the genetic potential of animals. Scientific research has been carried out in the herd of CJSC “Glinka” (Kurgan), where highly productive cattle of Black-and-White and Holstein breeds are bred. The subject of research was the first-calf heifers of the imported Holstein breed of German selection of different generations, as well as the herdmates of Black-and-White breed. It has been found that the realization of the genetic potential for milk yield in Holstein cows of German breeding was higher and amounted to 76,4 %, in cows of Black-and-White breed 69,9 %. The highest milk yield for 305 days of lactation has been observed in the second generation of Holstein heifers 8905 kg, which exceeded the milk yield of herdmates of the second and third generations by 113 kg or 1,26 % and 174 kg or 1,95 %, respectively. The mass fraction of fat in German Holsteins of different generations ranged from 3,99 to 4,21 % (P < 0,001), while the mass fraction of protein in the milk of first-calf heifers varied slightly in the range from 3,18 to 3,20 %. In terms of live weight, the animals of the third generation slightly exceeded the herdmates of the 1st and 2nd generations by 19 kg or 3,25 % and 20 kg or 3,43 %, respectively. The largest profit has been received from the first-generation first-calf heifers of Holstein breed of German selection, where the level of profitability of milk production was 50,7 %, which was higher than that of the herdmates of the second and third generations by 3,9 and 7,9 %, respectively.

Milk productivity of cows of different ages under the conditions of the dairy complex «Ryzhovo»

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-13
Author(s):  
G. Rodionov ◽  
N. Kostomakhin ◽  
L. Tabakova ◽  
G. Tabakov ◽  
A. Olesyuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Somatic Cells ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Black And White ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Breeding Mode ◽  
Favorable Conditions

When production of milk in industrial volumes it is necessary to monitor all processes aff ecting its quantity and quality: animal feeding, breeding, mode and method of milking, herd reproduction, labour organization in the dairy complex, creating favorable conditions for cows that correspond to physiological characteristics. The dairy industry continues to impose higher and higher demands on milk, so in addition to improving the milk productivity of cows, we must not forget about the quality of the product. The issues of milk yield of cows, fat and protein, yield of milk fat and protein, somatic cells in milk of cows of Black-and-White breed for a number of lactations in terms of the dairy complex “Ryzhovo” have been considered in the article. It has been noted be researches that in the 1st and 2nd lactations milk yield of animals was 10 621 and 10 553 kg, respectively. The highest productivity of the cows has reached in the 3rd and 4th lactations 11 365 and 11 655 kg, respectively, after which, in the 5th lactation there was a decrease in milk yield to 10 592 kg. When considering fat content for diff erent lactations, positive dynamics up to the 4th lactation inclusive has been revealed. Thus, the fat content in milk for the 1st lactation was 3,61 %, for 2nd – 3,68 %, for 3rd – 3,93 % and 4th – 4,00 %. In the 5th lactation fat content decreased to 3,78 %. It has been found when calculating the yield of milk fat in experimental cows for lactation that up to the 4th lactation inclusive the indicator increases: for the 1st lactation received 383 kg of milk fat, 2nd – 388 kg, 3rd – 447 kg, 4th – 466 kg, and for the 5th lactation, the decrease in the index to 400 kg. At the same time the yield of milk fat for the 5th lactation exceeds the 1st and 2nd. The protein content in the milk of cows of diff erent ages during the fi rst four lactations increases from 3,18 to 3,43 %. Then, in the 5th lactation there is the decrease in protein content to 3,35 %, however, this fi gure is second only to the highest the 4th lactation. It has been established that before the 3rd lactation the number of somatic cells in milk increases, then in the 4th lactation this indicator decreases (151,25 thousand/cm3 ) and in the 5th lactation reaches a maximum (242,27 thousand/cm3).

scholarly journals The influence of living mass of the ukrainian black and white dairy breed cells in various everyday periods on their more dairy productivity

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (84) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. V. Ferenz ◽  
M. I. Polylikh ◽  
G. I. Ilnitskaya
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Individual Growth ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
The Third ◽  
Carpathian Region ◽  
The Difference

The connection of live weight of cows of Ukrainian black-and-white milk breed in the conditions of the Carpathian region of Lviv region in different ages with their subsequent milk productivity is established. It was investigated that live weight during the period of individual growth and development of animals has a significant impact on hopes, the content of fat in milk and the amount of milk fat. The difference in liveliness between cows with live weight at the first insemination to 300 and 361–380 kg for the first lactation was 249.3, for the second – 500.7 (P < 0.002), for the third – 97.0 kg, and for the highest – 405.5 kg (P < 0.01). Between cows with live weight at the first insemination of 361–380 and 401–420 kg, this difference was 185.1, 319.9 (P < 0.05), 38.7 and 265.3 kg respectively (P < 0.05). According to the results of the research, it can be stated that the optimum live weight during the period of raising cows at 6 months of age is a live weight of 160–180 kg, at 12 months of age it is 260–280 kg and the highest rates are obtained from cows that were growing at 18-months of age had a live weight of 360–380 kg. From the results of our research, it follows that for the Ukrainian black-and-white milk breed in the conditions of the Carpathian region of Lviv, the optimum live weight at the first insemination is 361–380 kg. The share of influence on milk production of live weight of cows during their growing period: at 6 months of age on hopes – 13.53–27.56%, on the fat content in milk – 15.18–39.70 and on the amount of milk fat 11.89–39.41%; at 12 months of age – respectively 24.65–37.84, 23.45–33.0 and 23.37–35.17%; in the 18-month – 27.38–40.93, 29.12–33.23 and 25.81–39.10%, and at the first insemination – 21.59–40.08, 31.32–39.99 and 21.52–39.88% at P < 0.05–0.001. The probable correlation coefficients between the live weight of cows at 6 months of age and the reliance on second, third and highest lactation were 0.163–0.2253 and between live weight and fat content in milk – 0.110–0.233, between live weight at 12 months of age and the expectation for the second, the third and highest lactation – 0.233–0.240 and between the live weight and the amount of milk fat – 0.127–0.202, at the age of 18 months and for the second, third and highest lactation – 0.246–0.337 and between the live weight and the amount of milk fat – 0.116–0.308, and at the first insemination – 0.135–0.195 and 0.118–0.188 respectively at P < 0.005 – P < 0.001.

The use of dairy steers in the production of beef in Transnistria

2020 ◽  
pp. 36-49
Author(s):  
L. Syarova ◽  
A. Vostroilov
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Meat Processing ◽  
Urgent Problem ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Meat Productivity ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Comprehensive Study

In Transnistria own production is not able to meet the needs of meat processing enterprises in beef. Due to natural and climatic conditions beef breeds are not grown in this region. All beef production in Transnistria is carried out at the expense of dairy breeds of cattle. The search for ways to effectively produce beef in Transnistria is an urgent problem. The purpose of the research was to determine the effectiveness of the use of purebred Black-and-White steers and crossbreds with Holstein breed in the production of beef in Transnistria. A comprehensive study of meat productivity and meat qualities of purebred and crossbred steers, when they are reared and fattened to different age periods. In all age periods the steers of the experimental group surpassed their herdmates in live weight. It has been found that at the age of 3 months the difference was 14,8 kg (P < 0,01), 6 – 23,9 kg (P < 0,001), 9 – 21,4 kg (P < 0,001), 12 – 38,1 kg (P < 0,001), 15 – 40,3 kg (P < 0,001), and 18 months – 33,5 kg (P < 0,001). The maintenance and fattening of young animals in equal conditions allowed to reveal the most optimal variant of rearing of crossbreds to 18-month age with a live weight of 500–510 kg and their transfer to slaughter. Characterizing the profitability of production of live weight gain in the experimental group of animals, it has been found that the most profitable (34,8 %) was the rearing of animals up to 18 months of age, which is by 2,3 % higher than when rearing steers up to 16 months of age, and 2,4 % higher than when rearing them up to 20 months of age.

scholarly journals Evaluation of breeding groups by living weight of over-age cows depending on breeding

2021 ◽  
pp. 89-97
Author(s):  
A. S. Durov ◽  
V. S. Deeva
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Breeding Group ◽  
Novosibirsk Region ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Productive Traits ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Breeding Groups

 The assessment of cattle of black-and-white, red steppe, Simmental breeds, differentiated by live weight, was carried out. Three groups were formed: selection, production, and marriage. The selection parameters are calculated using the standard deviation. The calculated parameters of selection of animals of breeding groups by live weight in full-aged cows of the black-and-white breed are 527–472 kg, red steppe-595–514, Simmental breed from the Novosibirsk region – 555–447, the Republic of Khakassia – 610–475, Hereford – 570–462 kg. The animals of the breeding group of the black-and – white breed have an average live weight of 552.5 kg, the red steppe – 641.1 kg, the Simmental Novosibirsk region – 576.7 kg, the Republic of Khakassia – 648 kg, and the Hereford Region-591.1 kg. The analysis of interbreed differences of cows of breeding groups shows that animals of Simmental and Red steppe breeds surpass their peers in most measurements. Animals of the black-and-white breed are the leaders in milk yield and milk content index, Red steppe-in milk fat content and milk fat, Simmental cows bred in the Republic of Khakassia – in live weight. The assessment of production groups of animals by live weight allows us to note that the black-and-white breed surpasses its peers in milk productivity and is characterized by broadness; the red steppe breed – by live weight and fat content of milk and is characterized by elongation; the Simmental breed has a greater development of high-altitude measurements. Evaluation of breeding groups of animals by live weight allows us to note its relationship with other productive traits. The formation of a breeding group with a high live weight allows you to create a tall and stretched array of cattle. 

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