scholarly journals Treatment of oxidative stress injuries using ROS scavenging nanomedicine

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-89
Author(s):  
Toru Yoshitomi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Ros Scavenging ◽  
Stress Injuries

scholarly journals The Remarkable Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of the Extracts of the Brown Alga Cystoseira amentacea var. stricta

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Gina De La Fuente ◽  
Marco Fontana ◽  
Valentina Asnaghi ◽  
Mariachiara Chiantore ◽  
Serena Mirata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
No Production ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Ros Scavenging ◽  
Ligurian Sea ◽  
Raw 264.7 Macrophages ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
First Time

Inflammation and oxidative stress are part of the complex biological responses of body tissues to harmful stimuli. In recent years, due to the increased understanding that oxidative stress is implicated in several diseases, pharmaceutical industries have invested in the research and development of new antioxidant compounds, especially from marine environment sources. Marine seaweeds have shown the presence of many bioactive secondary metabolites, with great potentialities from both the nutraceutical and the biomedical point of view. In this study, 50%-ethanolic and DMSO extracts from the species C. amentacea var. stricta were obtained for the first time from seaweeds collected in the Ligurian Sea (north-western Mediterranean). The bioactive properties of these extracts were then investigated, in terms of quantification of specific antioxidant activities by relevant ROS scavenging spectrophotometric tests, and of anti-inflammatory properties in LPS-stimulated macrophages by evaluation of inhibition of inflammatory cytokines and mediators. The data obtained in this study demonstrate a strong anti-inflammatory effect of both C. amentacea extracts (DMSO and ethanolic). The extracts showed a very low grade of toxicity on RAW 264.7 macrophages and L929 fibroblasts and a plethora of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects that were for the first time thoroughly investigated. The two extracts were able to scavenge OH and NO radicals (OH EC50 between 392 and 454 μg/mL; NO EC50 between 546 and 1293 μg/mL), to partially rescue H2O2-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages cell death, to abate intracellular ROS production in H2O2-stimulated macrophages and fibroblasts and to strongly inhibit LPS-induced inflammatory mediators, such as NO production and IL-1α, IL-6, cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible NO synthase gene expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages. These results pave the way, for the future use of C. amentacea metabolites, as an example, as antioxidant food additives in antiaging formulations as well as in cosmetic lenitive lotions for inflamed and/or damaged skin.

scholarly journals Supplemental Selenium and Boron Mitigate Salt-Induced Oxidative Damages in Glycine max L.

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2224
Author(s):  
Mira Rahman ◽  
Khussboo Rahman ◽  
Khadeja Sultana Sathi ◽  
Md. Mahabub Alam ◽  
Kamrun Nahar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Monodehydroascorbate Reductase ◽  
Ros Scavenging ◽  
H2o2 Content ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Different Levels

The present investigation was executed with an aim to evaluate the role of exogenous selenium (Se) and boron (B) in mitigating different levels of salt stress by enhancing the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging, antioxidant defense and glyoxalase systems in soybean. Plants were treated with 0, 150, 300 and 450 mM NaCl at 20 days after sowing (DAS). Foliar application of Se (50 µM Na2SeO4) and B (1 mM H3BO3) was accomplished individually and in combined (Se+B) at three-day intervals, at 16, 20, 24 and 28 DAS under non-saline and saline conditions. Salt stress adversely affected the growth parameters. In salt-treated plants, proline content and oxidative stress indicators such as malondialdehyde (MDA) content and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content were increased with the increment of salt concentration but the relative water content decreased. Due to salt stress catalase (CAT), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), glyoxalase I (Gly I) and glyoxalase II (Gly II) activity decreased. However, the activity of ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and peroxidase (POD) increased under salt stress. On the contrary, supplementation of Se, B and Se+B enhanced the activities of APX, MDHAR, DHAR, GR, CAT, GPX, GST, POD, Gly I and Gly II which consequently diminished the H2O2 content and MDA content under salt stress, and also improved the growth parameters. The results reflected that exogenous Se, B and Se+B enhanced the enzymatic activity of the antioxidant defense system as well as the glyoxalase systems under different levels of salt stress, ultimately alleviated the salt-induced oxidative stress, among them Se+B was more effective than a single treatment.

scholarly journals Ent-Peniciherqueinone Suppresses Acetaldehyde-Induced Cytotoxicity and Oxidative Stress by Inducing ALDH and Suppressing MAPK Signaling

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1229
Author(s):  
Taehoon Oh ◽  
Mincheol Kwon ◽  
Jae Sik Yu ◽  
Mina Jang ◽  
Gun-Hee Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Pc12 Cells ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Ros Scavenging ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Cellular Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Related Stress ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Studies on ethanol-induced stress and acetaldehyde toxicity are actively being conducted, owing to an increase in alcohol consumption in modern society. In this study, ent-peniciherqueinone (EPQ) isolated from a Hawaiian volcanic soil-associated fungus Penicillium herquei FT729 was found to reduce the acetaldehyde-induced cytotoxicity and oxidative stress in PC12 cells. EPQ increased cell viability in the presence of acetaldehyde-induced cytotoxicity in PC12 cells. In addition, EPQ reduced cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and restored acetaldehyde-mediated disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential. Western blot analyses revealed that EPQ treatment increased protein levels of ROS-scavenging heme oxygenase-1 and superoxide dismutase, as well as the levels of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) 1, ALDH2, and ALDH3, under acetaldehyde-induced cellular stress. Finally, EPQ reduced acetaldehyde-induced phosphorylation of p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase, which are associated with ROS-induced oxidative stress. Therefore, our results demonstrated that EPQ prevents cellular oxidative stress caused by acetaldehyde and functions as a potent agent to suppress hangover symptoms and alcohol-related stress.

Melatonin synthesis enzymes interact with ascorbate peroxidase to protect against oxidative stress in cassava

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (18) ◽  
pp. 5645-5655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yujing Bai ◽  
Jingru Guo ◽  
Russel J Reiter ◽  
Yunxie Wei ◽  
Haitao Shi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Ascorbate Peroxidase ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Direct Interaction ◽  
Ros Scavenging ◽  
Melatonin Synthesis

Abstract Melatonin is an important indole amine hormone in animals and plants. The enzymes that catalyse melatonin synthesis positively regulate plant stress responses through modulation of the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the relationship between melatonin biosynthetic enzymes and ROS-scavenging enzymes has not been characterized. In this study, we demonstrate that two enzymes of the melatonin synthesis pathway in Manihot esculenta (MeTDC2 and MeASMT2) directly interact with ascorbate peroxidase (MeAPX2) in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. Notably, in the presence of MeTDC2 and MeASMT2, MeAPX2 showed significantly higher activity and antioxidant capacity than the purified MeAPX2 protein alone. These findings indicate that MeTDC2–MeAPX2 and MeASMT2–MeAPX2 interactions both activate APX activity and increase antioxidant capacity. In addition, the combination of MeTDC2, MeASMT2, and MeAPX2 conferred improved resistance to hydrogen peroxide in Escherichia coli. Moreover, this combination also positively regulates oxidative stress tolerance in cassava. Taken together, these findings not only reveal a direct interaction between MeTDC2, MeASMT2, and MeAPX2, but also highlight the importance of this interaction in regulating redox homoeostasis and stress tolerance in cassava.

scholarly journals Effects of Bisphenol A on Oxidative Stress in the Rat Brain

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keiko Kobayashi ◽  
Yanchen Liu ◽  
Hiroshi Ichikawa ◽  
Shigekazu Takemura ◽  
Yukiko Minamiyama
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Ros Scavenging ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Systemic Oxidative Stress ◽  
Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Phosphorylated Akt ◽  
Phosphatase 2A ◽  
Related Proteins ◽  
The Brain

We investigated the effect of bisphenol A (BPA) on oxidative stress and tau-related proteins in adult rat brains. BPA (10 mg/L) was administered to rats for eight weeks through their drinking water. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging capacity for hydroxyl radicals in the plasma was reduced after two weeks. In the hippocampus, four and eight weeks of BPA increased the ratio of oxidized DJ-1/DJ-1 (PARK7). The ratio of phosphorylated-GSK3β/GSK3β and phosphorylated-AKT/AKT increased after one week of BPA treatment. The ratio of phosphorylated JNK/JNK and phosphorylated-ERK/ERK increased after eight weeks of BPA; the elevation could be related to tau phosphorylation. Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) in the hippocampus decreased after eight weeks of BPA treatment. At that time, SOD1 was significantly induced, but no changes in SOD2 expression were apparent in the hippocampus. Furthermore, the ratio of phosphorylated-tau (PHF-1, Ser396/ Ser404) to total tau level did not change. However, PHF-1 or other sites of tau could be phosphorylated after eight weeks in the hippocampi of rats. BPA induced systemic oxidative stress and could change ROS-induced signaling pathways in the brain. These results suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction possibly is not responsible for oxidative stress and neurodegeneration due to low doses of BPA.

scholarly journals Caramel dye IV increases hepatic and renal oxidative stress injuries

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emerson Marins ◽  
Julia Spanhol da Silva ◽  
Aline Zuanazzi Pasinato ◽  
Pâmela Carvalho da Rosa ◽  
Vitor Antunes de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Stress Injuries

scholarly journals Calcium Dobesilate Modulates PKCδ-NADPH Oxidase- MAPK-NF-κB Signaling Pathway to Reduce CD14, TLR4, and MMP9 Expression during Monocyte-to-Macrophage Differentiation: Potential Therapeutic Implications for Atherosclerosis

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1798
Author(s):  
Florence Njau ◽  
Hermann Haller
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Nadph Oxidase ◽  
Inflammatory Mediators ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Ros Scavenging ◽  
Calcium Dobesilate ◽  
Macrophage Differentiation ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Human Macrophages ◽  
Mmp9 Expression

Monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation results in the secretion of various inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress molecules necessary for atherosclerosis pathogenesis. Consequently, this differentiation represents a potential clinical target in atherosclerosis. Calcium dobesilate (CaD), an established vasoactive and angioprotective drug in experimental models of diabetic microvascular complications reduces oxidative stress and inhibits inflammation via diverse molecular targets; however, its effect on monocytes/macrophages is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory mechanism of CaD during phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation in in vitro models of sepsis (LPS) and hyperglycemia, using THP-1 monocytic cell line. CaD significantly suppressed CD14, TLR4, and MMP9 expression and activity, lowering pro-inflammatory mediators, such as IL1β, TNFα, and MCP-1. The effects of CaD translated through to studies on primary human macrophages. CaD inhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, PKCδ, MAPK (ERK1/2 and p38) phosphorylation, NOX2/p47phox expression, and membrane translocation. We used hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to mimic oxidative stress, demonstrating that CaD suppressed PKCδ activation via its ROS-scavenging properties. Taken together, we demonstrate for the first time that CaD suppresses CD14, TLR4, MMP9, and signature pro-inflammatory cytokines, in human macrophages, via the downregulation of PKCδ/NADPH oxidase/ROS/MAPK/NF-κB-dependent signaling pathways. Our data present novel mechanisms of how CaD alleviates metabolic and infectious inflammation.

scholarly journals Dietary Polyphenols in Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Protection against Oxidative Stress and Beyond

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elzbieta Pawlowska ◽  
Joanna Szczepanska ◽  
Ali Koskela ◽  
Kai Kaarniranta ◽  
Janusz Blasiak
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Janus Kinase ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Ros Scavenging ◽  
Rpe Cells ◽  
Dietary Polyphenols ◽  
Age Related

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a multifactorial disease of the retina featured by degeneration and loss of photoreceptors and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells with oxidative stress playing a role in its pathology. Although systematic reviews do not support the protective role of diet rich in antioxidants against AMD, dietary polyphenols (DPs) have been reported to have beneficial effects on vision. Some of them, such as quercetin and cyanidin-3-glucoside, can directly scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to the presence of two hydroxyl groups in their B ring structure. Apart from direct ROS scavenging, DPs can lower oxidative stress in several other pathways. Many DPs induce NRF2 (nuclear factor, erythroid 2-like 2) activation and expression of phase II enzymes that are under transcriptional control of this factor. DPs can inhibit A2E photooxidation in RPE cells, which is a source of oxidative stress. Anti-inflammatory action of DPs in RPE cells is associated with regulation of various interleukins and signaling pathways, including IL-6/JAK2 (Janus kinase 2)/STAT3. Some DPs can improve impaired cellular waste clearance, including AMD-specific deficient phagocytosis of the Aβ42 peptide and autophagy.

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