scholarly journals Quality of raw milk from a farm with automatic milking system in the Czech Republic

2011 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bohumíra Janštová ◽  
Michaela Dračková ◽  
Kateřina Dlesková ◽  
Šárka Cupáková ◽  
Lenka Necidová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Freezing Point ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Milk Analysis ◽  
Microbial Count ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Automatic Milking System ◽  
Automatic Milking

The aim of this study was to assess the quality of raw cow’s milk from an automatic milking system. Samples of milk (48) were analyzed chemically and microbiologically and the somatic cell count, freezing point and inhibitor residues were determined. For comparison purposes, milk analysis data from two farms using conventional machine milking and 2008 milk analysis report data for the Czech Republic were used. All physical and chemical characteristics of the study samples were within the established limits. The average content (%) of chemical indicators was following: fat 3.79 ± 0.18, protein 3.46 ± 0.06, casein 2.67 ± 0.09, lactose 4.82 ± 0.04 and NFS 8.96 ± 0.11. The values for freezing point and somatic cells count were 221 ± 46.103·ml-1 and -0.521 ± 0.003 °C respectively. No inhibitor residue was detected in any of the samples. Microbiological values were lower than the limits: the total microbial count (2.3·104 CFU·ml-1), psychrotrophic count (6.3·103 CFU·ml-1), coliform count (2.4·101 CFU·ml-1), Escherichia coli count (3.2·101 CFU·ml-1), enterococci count (8.5·101 CFU·ml-1) and Staphylococcus aureus count (1.1·101 CFU·ml-1). The study provides a comprehensive view on the quality of milk produced by robotic milking. The automatic milking system seems to be excellent in terms of milking and milk hygiene.

scholarly journals Differences of some indicators of raw milk properties and especially mineral composition between small ruminants as compared to cows in the Czech Republic

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 51-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oto Hanuš ◽  
Marcela Vyletělová ◽  
Václava Genčurová ◽  
Irena Hulová ◽  
Hana Landová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Freezing Point ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
True Protein

Sheep and goat farming is returning back into the Czech Republic (CR) because of positive effects of alternative milk consumption on human health. Especially the elements Ca and Mg are important for nutrition. Paper presents the comparison of mineral milk composition of goats (White short–haired–W, n = 60), sheep (Tsigai–C, n = 60) and cows (Holstein–H, n = 36; Czech Fleckvieh–B, n = 93). Cow milk results were considered as reference. The herds were kept at altitude 260 m (H), 360 m (B), and 572 m above sea level (W, C) with total precipitation 449, 700 and 1200 mm per year and mean air temperatures 9.6, 7.0 and 3.7 °C. Bulk milk samples (4–8 animals in sample) from the first two thirds of the lactation and the winter and summer season were investigated. Goat milk freezing point differed from other species (P < 0.001), −0.6048 for C < −0.5544 W < −0.5320 H < −0.5221 °C for B. Cow milk Ca values were comparable to former results although milk yield (MY) was higher. Along lower MY the Ca was higher (1299.6 > 1172.0 mg . kg−1; P < 0.001) in B than H, similar trend was in Mg (122.0 > 107.4 mg . kg−1; P<0.001). Differences (P > 0.05) between species were in Ni and also mostly in Cu. Iodine results differed between species but not between cow breeds (P < 0.001; 462.8 H and 434.9 B > 126.0 W and 164.2 μg . l−1 C). It could be explainable by using of I disinfection at teat treatment in cows and absence of treatment in small ruminants. Macroelements were mostly highest (Ca, P, Na, Mg) in sheep milk, with exception of K. Phosphorus values (950.1 H, 1016.9 B, 1042.6 W and 1596.7 mg . kg−1 C) in species were linked with crude or true protein and casein values. Small ruminant milk could be good source of minerals for human nutrition, especially in the case of Ca and Mg of sheep and goat milk.

scholarly journals Introduction of automatic milking system in Finland effect on milk quality

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 346 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. SALOVUO ◽  
P. RONKAINEN ◽  
A. HEINO
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Freezing Point ◽  
Psychrotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Automatic Milking System ◽  
Automatic Milking ◽  
Quality Of Milk ◽  
Total Bacteria

When an automatic milking system (AMS) is introduced on a farm the milking of cows and related work is changed in many ways compared to farms with traditional milking systems. The objective of this paper was to study the effect of the introduction of robotic milking in Finland on the composition and hygienic quality of milk. The study was carried out on three farms which were the first in Finland to introduce the automatic milking system (Volontary Milking System™). Main chemical composition, somatic cell count, total bacteria count, freezing point, free fatty acids, as well as Bacillus cereus, Clostridium spores, psychrotrophic bacteria and coliforms were determined. After the introduction of the automatic milking system an increase in somatic cell count and total bacteria count, psychrotrophic bacteria and coliforms was observed; however, the differences were not statistically significant. The counts for Clostridium spores were at the same level in the automatic and the conventional milking system. Bacillus cereus counts were very low in both milking systems studied. Milk fat content and free fatty acids were elevated when AMS was introduced. The introduction of AMS resulted in a significant increase (P < 0.01) in the freezing point during the first three months. Though there was a trend that the overall quality of milk was impaired after the introduction of AMS, the quality of milk remained at premium class.;

INTERNATIONAL GRANT COOPERATION AS A TOOL FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCIES OF UNIVERSITY TEACHERS

2018 ◽  
pp. 4-8
Author(s):  
Milan Chmura
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
European Countries ◽  
International Project ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
University Teachers ◽  
Quality Of Higher Education ◽  
Education And Development

The education and development of university teachers have its justifcation and its importance is signifcant not only in the Czech Republic but also abroad. This study provides an analysis of further professional education of university teachers in the Czech Republic and in selected European countries. Subsequently, it presents an international project with participants from the Czech Republic, Ukraine, Slovakia and Poland, which, ultimately, plays a role in the improvement of the quality of higher education.

Review of quality of life studies in the Czech Republic

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (S4) ◽  
pp. 319s-319s
Author(s):  
E. Dragomirecká ◽  
C. Škoda
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
The Czech Republic

scholarly journals Effect of somatic cell count on dairy products: a review

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukta Talukder ◽  
HM Manir Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Proteolytic Enzymes ◽  
Somatic Cells ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Microbial Count ◽  
Endogenous Enzymes ◽  
Fluid Milk

Somatic cells are the most essential factors naturally present in milk, and somatic cell count (SCC) is used as an indicator of monitoring mastitis incidence in the herd and also to assess the quality of milk. In addition, SCC is frequently used to determine quality payments to dairy producers. The SCC is directly related to get maximum milk production from individual cow and a lower SCC indicates better animal health, as somatic cells originate only from inside the animal's udder. SCC monitoring is important because as the number of somatic cells increases, milk yield is likely to fall, primarily due to the damage to milk-producing tissue in the udder caused by mastitis pathogens and the toxins they produce, particularly when epithelial cells are lost. Keeping low SSC will allow good quality more raw milk and provide a better product to milk processors whether used as fluid milk or converted to milk based products. Somatic cells containing lipolytic and proteolytic enzymes lead to degrade major nutrients fats and proteins, respectively. Elevated SCC is related to udder inflammation, which leads to alter the normal microbial count and physicochemical parameters of milk, as well as the quality of heat treated fluid milk and milk based product. The objective of this review is to discuss on the SSC and endogenous enzymes released from somatic cells in raw milk as well as effect of somatic cells count and their endogenous enzymes in processed milk and milk based products.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2017, 3(1): 1-9

scholarly journals Analysis of development of basic characteristics of the dairy industry in the Czech Republic

2005 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
Renata Kučerová
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Dairy Industry ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Market Growth ◽  
Basic Characteristics

The paper deals with the analysis of changes in the development of basic characteristics of the dairy industry in the Czech Republic, which cohere with the integration of the Czech Republic into the European Union. The attention is paid on size of the market, growth rate, life cycle, development of prices and development of foreign trade. The total domestic consumption reached 2111.1 million litres in 2004. The industry is in the maturity. The excess of supply exists in the industry; the growth rate is low, under 5% per year. The integration of the Czech Republic into the EU didn’t bring about changes in the development of basic characteristics – size of the market, growth rate, and life cycle. The volume of production changed. The total volume of purchase of raw milk for production went down by 1.4% to the value in 2000. And all prices in the product vertical – milk and milk products (prices of agricultural producers, production prices and consumer’s prices) rose.The paper is a part of solution of the research plan of the FBE MUAF in Brno, No. MSM 6215648904.

scholarly journals Quality of malting barley crop 2009 in the Czech Republic.

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivo HARTMAN ◽  
Josef PROKEŠ ◽  
Alena HELÁNOVÁ
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Malting Barley ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Barley Crop

Quality of Life Modeling at the Regional Level

2012 ◽  
pp. 163-186
Author(s):  
Jirí Krupka ◽  
Miloslava Kašparová ◽  
Pavel Jirava ◽  
Jan Mandys
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Decision Tree ◽  
Decision Rules ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
First Case

The chapter presents the problem of quality of life modeling in the Czech Republic based on classification methods. It concerns a comparison of methodological approaches; in the first case the approach of the Institute of Sociology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic was used, the second case is concerning a project of the civic association Team Initiative for Local Sustainable Development. On the basis of real data sets from the institute and team initiative the authors synthesized and analyzed quality of life classification models. They used decision tree classification algorithms for generating transparent decision rules and compare the classification results of decision tree. The classifier models on the basis of C5.0, CHAID, C&RT and C5.0 boosting algorithms were proposed and analyzed. The designed classification model was created in Clementine.

scholarly journals Polymorphism of prolamin proteins of the grain of triticale varieties certifiedin the Czech Republic

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 151-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Vyhnánek ◽  
J. Bednář
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Cold Resistance ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Baking Quality ◽  
The Individual

&nbsp;Genetic diversity was detected in 11 varieties of triticale registered in the Czech Republic by means of polymorphism of prolamin proteins using the PAGE ISTA method. The polymorphism of prolamin proteins allowed the differentiation of the individual triticale varieties in 2002 and 2003 harvests. On the basis of Dice&rsquo;s calculations of coefficients of similarity we discovered, in parallel with the uniform genotypes, genotypes with sister prolamin spectrums with a&nbsp;different percentage of participation in the respective years. A uniform spectrum was detected in the following varieties: Disco, Kolor, Lamberto, Marko, Presto, Sekundo, Ticino and Tricolor; Kitaro and Modus were dimorphous varieties. In 2003 three sister prolamin lines appeared in the variety Gabo and in 2004 only two. In 2003 a 5% admixture of a foreign genotype was detected in the variety Marko. Typical of the unknown genotype was the gliadin block Gld&nbsp;1B3, which is the marker of rye translocation T1BL.1RS, gene Sr31 with resistance to black rust, higher cold resistance and lower baking quality of the wheat. The prolamin proteins of triticale grain are suitable for the detection of the genetic diversity and for the assessment of varietal authenticity and purity in seed samples of triticale varieties registered in the Czech Republic.

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