scholarly journals Semantic contrast and inequality in the vocative position (based on English fiction)

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-72
Author(s):  
Iryna Tryshchenko
Keyword(s):  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Contextual Analysis ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Address Forms ◽  
Pragmatic Analysis ◽  
Referential Use ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
The Given

This paper aims at analysis of stylistic devices based on semantic contrast and inequality actualized in the vocative position. The subject of the study is functioning of the given vocatives in literary texts. The author used methods of semantic, contextual analysis and elements of pragmatic analysis. The results of the study. Ironic forms of address were firstly analysed among contrastive vocatives. They often include evaluative component of connotation. Depending on the context this component of connotation may change its meaning from negative to positive and vice versa. Cases of non-referential use of address forms for creating ironic meaning are also discussed. During the analysis of address forms based on oxymoron certain postulates of M. V. Nikitin's theory of semantic combinatorics are used. The findings indicate that contradictory relations may exist not only inside a vocative syntagm, but also between the vocative and the rest of the utterance. In addition to that, semantic and stylistic types of such contradictoriness are characterized. Moreover, types of gradation and frequency of their actualization in the vocative position are analyzed. Besides that, variants of gradation components positioning in the text are revealed. The role of authorial text in the adequate interpretation of emotional and evaluative address forms — components of gradation — is defined. The usage of all of the above mentioned stylistic devices in the vocative position is combined with the evaluative component of connotation, highlighting positive or negative attitude of the speaker to the addressee and certain reaction of the speaker to the concrete communicative situation, addressee's words or behaviour. Further study of address forms may be promising in their interrelation with other means expressing the category of speech addressability, in revealing their genre specificity and characteristic features of other stylistic devices actualization in the vocative position.

scholarly journals Language means of representation of the chronotope of Chaos in a series of novels “The Chronicles of Amber” by Roger Zelazny

Litera ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Alla Yur'evna Beletskaya ◽  
Sergei Vladimirovich Mangushev
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Universal Principles ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Realistic Perception ◽  
Characteristic Features

This article examines the problem of representation of chronotope using language means. The object of this research is a series of novels “The Chronicles of Amber” by Roger Zelazny in English language. The subject of this research is the lexical units and stylistic techniques used by R. Zelazny for visualization of representation of the chronotope of Chaos. The article substantiates attribution of this series of novels to postmodernist based on the analysis of characteristic features of the text and realization of the ideological concept. The goal of study lies determination of the universal principles of representation of spatial-temporal continuum of the Chaos, as well as establishment of dependence of the choice evaluative connotation of language means on personality of the narrator. The work is conducted at the intersection of linguistics and literary studies. The novelty consists in recognition of the leading role of chronotopic subject in determining tonality of representation of the chronotope. The main conclusion is defined by the fact that the key principle of representation of spatial and temporal components of the chronotope of Chaos in R. Zelazny’s series of novels is the destruction of realistic perception of space and time. It was also established that change of voice of the narrator leads to the shift of evaluative paradigm. An extremely negative attitude of the first narrator to the Courts of Chaos as a representative of the chronotope of Chaos, expressed through the negatively connoted epithets, is justified by its affiliation to Amber as a representative of the Order. Dual position of the second narrator leads to the change in tonality of description of physical personification of the chronotope of Chaos. Counterbalance of negatively and positively connoted lexical units creates the effect of objectivity, essential for realization of ideological content of the novel.

scholarly journals Tożsamość i jej kreowanie w grach wideo. Przykład postaci LGBT

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 197-212
Author(s):  
Hanna Kuliga
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Video Games ◽  
Sexual Identity ◽  
Sexual Minorities ◽  
Virtual Space ◽  
Game Industry ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Given ◽  
Negative Phenomena

The presented article covers the subject of creating one’s identity in a virtual reality of video games, in the perspective of LGBT characters and their influence on the exploration of the sexual identity of a gamer. It describes the means by which the user has the ability to experiment with and express their identity, putting an emphasis on the role of immersion and cultural reflection in this process. The fol-lowing presented issues concern the representation of sexual minorities and negative phenomena that are present in the virtual space (such as queerbaiting), which have an impact on both the user, as well as the game industry. It emphasizes the role of the appearance of LGBT characters in this medium, which potentially can positively influence the player and producer communities. In this article I also describe three examples of non-heteronormative characters and their importance to users and developers of the given games.

scholarly journals Kontribusi Fenomenologi Post-Subjek pada Metodologi Filosofis dan Teologis

MELINTAS ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-79
Author(s):  
Hadrianus Tedjoworo
Keyword(s):  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Mutual Exclusion ◽  
Philosophical Thinking ◽  
Philosophical Discourse ◽  
Saturated Phenomenon ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Given

Givenness is probably an odd term in methodology, but not in phenomenology. The long history of subjectivism in philosophy faces confrontations from Derrida's deconstruction. This history also results in a sort of mutual exclusion between philosophy and theology. The concept of the subject becomes a problem for both, but frequently it is safeguarded for the sake of a more universal 'objectivity'. The phenomenological tendency towards phenomenon, more than towards the experiencing subject and more than anything regarded as object, provokes some philosophical focus on the emancipation of the phenomena. Marion pushes phenomenology to its limits, to the extent that he is suspected of undermining the role of the subject in contemporary philosophical discourse. He reacts to Derrida's deconstruction, which was also criticised for not offering a way out of the labyrinth from the collapse of traditional thoughts. Marion is quite consistent with his phenomenology, namely in offering a way out for the subject to be a witness, and reminds that philosophy should be more appreciative of phenomena. The term saturated phenomenon represents his philosophical thinking that can be regarded as a methodological approach to respect, and not to dominate, reality. Being a witness is not the same as playing a critic on reality. This could be a useful stance for philosophers as well as theologians in the presence of the phenomena they cannot master, namely, the given phenomena.

scholarly journals The role of the subject “literature” in forming personality in modern secondary schools

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Gultas Kurmanbay
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Education ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Critical Study ◽  
Teaching Literature ◽  
Current Time ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Inner World ◽  
The Subject

In the current time, one of the important tasks of modern schools is to prepare a highly educated student who can think creatively and independently in any situation. In the realization of this task, literature, as a school discipline, which forms the inner world and valuable orientations of students, plays a large role. The study of literature can have crucial importance in the education of the independent personality possessing esthetical taste. Scholars consider the subject of literature as a critical study of literary texts. They clarify that one of the main aims of the subject is the critical analysis of how language is used in different types of texts to identify meaning and find out text elements. With the help of reading various literary texts, students in secondary education of modern schools can receive skills of critical analysis through connecting the meaning of these texts with their lives and the world. Besides, teaching literature in secondary education can provide the ability to imagine the inner and outer worlds of any substance, to solve and investigate important, present, and future problems individually. A considerable number of scholars and studies have attempted to describe the importance of this discipline.

scholarly journals ON THE CHANGE OF VALUES OF POSTNOMINATIVE APPENDICES IN THE PROCESS OF TRANSFORMATION IN THE MODERN ENGLISH

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (21) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sevil M. Radjabova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Subjective Assessment ◽  
General Concept ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Altered Form ◽  
The Given ◽  
Informative Element

Article deals with the changes of the meanings of the post nominal adjectives in the process of transformation in the modern English language. On the basis of the linguoculturological approach and the method of linguistic analysis, the characteristic features of the change in the meanings of post-nominative adjectives in the English language have been revealed. In the English language the adjectives can perform the function of predicative. For the semantics of the adjectives which have the predicative function, these adjectives are characterized by inner qualitative diversity. Mainly, qualitative adjectives refer to classical predication and denote the feature of the object directly. Such adjectives have more features of predication. The predicative sign of the adjective, the presence of a connotation of subjective assessment determines its semantics and use. There are differences between the constructions used in the predicate function in phrases that perform the function of the subject and in the altered form of word phrases related attributively and predicatively. The predicative relation is the immunest form of syntactic connection and in predicative connectives the structural restriction in comparison with attributive constructions is extremely limited. Adjectives as predicative words do not have denotation and reference, they have no denoter, there is a signification. Basing on their indicative characteristics, it is possible to present all the possible semantic features. For the English language it is characteristic the use of the attribute before the defined word. The development from a special sign of thought to a general concept is characteristic for the whole structure of the English language; it is even possible to observe it in word formation. In most cases, taking into account the use of the adjective in the function of an attribute, the terms like postpositional (post nominal) and prepositional (prenominal) adjectives are used. The reasons for the change in the position of adjectives should be sought not always in the nature of the adjective, but in the degree to which it determines its referent. The semes that make up the meaning of the word are at different levels and are more or less stable. In adjectives, the nuclear seme, or subseme, is always found next to the differential seme. In other words, the adjective cannot be combined with nouns in all semantic groups. When an adjective is combined with a noun, a background is formed that allows or prevents the actualization of a particular seme. This causes the activation of a specific seme associated with the semantics of the given name in combination with the given name. Such semes are reflected in the join semantics. The opposite can also be said. The adjective itself chooses the noun for word formation. After all, the same adjective behaves differently in relation to transformation into different attributive complexes. In our opinion, adjectives act as an important restrictive informative element at the content level.

scholarly journals LINGUISTIC PECULARITIES OF REALISATION OF PERSUASIVE STRATEGIES IN MOTIVATIONAL TED TALKS SPEECHES

2021 ◽  
pp. 70-77
Author(s):  
Nataliia Lopatiuk ◽  
Vira Yakymchuk
Keyword(s):  
Contextual Analysis ◽  
Media Discourse ◽  
Discursive Space ◽  
Persuasive Strategies ◽  
Pragmatic Analysis ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Working Out ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
Ted Talks

The paper presents the analysis of linguistic means of realization of persuasive strategies in motivational Ted Talks speeches. Nowadays, the popularity of Ted Talks gradually increases due to the variety of meticulously organized speeches presented to the view of society since the moment of TED’s creation. Millions of people from all around the world visit the online TED platform daily in search of inspiration, motivation and knowledge from various spheres. The object of our scientific research is the persuasive strategies in motivational Ted Talks speeches. The relevance of the study is determined by the need to identify and study the mechanisms of verbal realization of persuasive strategies in rhetorical and media discourse, as persuasion in discourse is one of the current problems of modern linguistics. The subject of the research is verbal means of realization of persuasive strategies in the discursive space of Ted Talks speeches. In the research the following methods have been used: the methods of analysis and deduction; the method of pragmatic analysis, the method of contextual analysis, and the descriptive method. The data of the research has been withdrawn from the transcripts of motivational Ted Talks speeches. The scientific novelty of the results obtained is in singling out the peculiarities of persuasive strategies realization in Ted Talks media discourse and working out the typology of persuasive strategies. The study is based on the three persuasive strategies outlined by the principle of rhetoric: ethos, logos, and pathos. Together, they support efficient persuasion and present the tools to effectively connect with the audience; know their interests, prejudices and expectations. Ethos is a persuasive strategy that allows an orator to establish their authority to speak on the subject, logos is categorized as a tool for implementing a logical argument into the speech to prove its point and pathos is a speaker’s attempt to influence the audience emotionally. The results prove that all three of those rhetorical persuasive strategies are frequently used by Ted Talks presenters in their motivational speeches. The appeals to credibility, logic and emotions are the key features implemented in the discursive space of Ted Talks as the necessary elements of persuasion. Key words: persuasive strategies, ethos, pathos, logos, motivational speeches, Ted Talks.

scholarly journals Re-rigging Othering: Subversive Infantilisation in Contemporary Bosnian-Herzegovinian Prose

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 1259-1273
Author(s):  
Fedja Borčak
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
The Other ◽  
Subject Position ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Western Discourse ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Way

In this article I put forward the concept of subversive infantilisation to designate a phenomenon in contemporary Bosnian literature, which by using a certain kind of childish outlook on the world undermines paternalistic and balkanist Western discourse on Bosnia and Herzegovina. By analysing primarily the portrayal of the role of mass media in a few literary texts, principally books by Nenad Veličkovié and Miljenko Jergovié, I highlight the way in which these texts “re-rig” and by means of irony and exaggeration illuminate the problematic logic inherent in the subject position from which one represents the other. Textual characteristics of subversive infantilisation are contextualised further and seen as a discursive continuation of experiences of the 1990s war in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Scarce Resources: Philosophical Economics Reproduced

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-42
Author(s):  
Jacob Neusner
Keyword(s):  
Second Century ◽  
Fundamental Importance ◽  
Rational Utilization ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
Religious System ◽  
Philosophical System ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Given ◽  
New System

Abstract The heirs of the initial, philosophical Judaism, in the second century C.E. received a system in which the subject of economics—the rational disposition of scarce resources—was utilized in order to set forth a systemic statement of fundamental importance. While making every effort to affirm the details of that statement and apply them, their system repeated the given but made no significant use of what had been received. Instead the heirs of the Mishnah invented what we must call a counterpart-category, that is to say, a category that dealt with problems of the rational utilization of scarce resources, but not with those same scarce resources defined by the philosophical system of the Mishnah. The systemic category for the aborning religious system was not an economics, but corresponded, in the new system, to the position and role of economics in the old.

scholarly journals Functioning of Allusive Names in Literary Discourse

2018 ◽  
pp. 228-238
Author(s):  
Iryna Tryshchenko
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Feature ◽  
Literary Discourse ◽  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Direct Speech ◽  
Address Forms ◽  
The Given

This paper is devoted to the study of specifics of allusive names functioning in literary discourse. They are considered within the framework of metaphoric antonomasia and are treated as cases of allusion actualization in literary discourse. Allusive names are subdivided into names of real persons and names of literary, biblical characters. They are analyzed as means of secondary nomination of the addressee. This process takes place on the basis of common semantic feature of subjects of primary and secondary nomination. The semantic feature that is in the focus of metaphoric antonomasia may take both central and peripheral place in the semantic structure of original name. The given names are also distinguished according to the familiarity of their denotata to the readers. Many names have become symbols of certain human qualities. The denotata of such names are models of a certain kind, i.e. they impersonate the highest degree of some quality. In their figurative use the weakening in quality intensity is observed for the occasional referent. Besides symbolic names, allusive names based on secondary occasional nomination are studied. The choice of certain common semantic features and neutralization of different oppositions add expressivity to such names. The role of context during the actualization of such names is established, and examples of acquiring by them positive or negative connotations are discussed. Types of motivation of secondary nominations usage as address forms are revealed and characterized in this paper: objective, subjective and speech ones. Besides that, variants of explication of motivation for the choice of this or that semantic feature for renaming are defined. They include direct speech or remarks of the characters (both the speaker and addressee), author’s text or remarks.

scholarly journals Underordnat, undanskymt och otydligt – om samhällskunskapsämnets relationsproblem inom SO-gruppen på svenskt mellanstadium

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Martin Kristiansson
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Education ◽  
Social Studies ◽  
Primary Education ◽  
The Other ◽  
Teaching Culture ◽  
Upper Secondary Education ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
High Degree

I artikeln diskuteras en lärarstudie om vad som utmärker samhällskunskaps-ämnet på svenskt mellanstadium. Det sker mot bakgrund av en skandinavisk ämnesdidaktisk diskussion om ämnets tydlighet med fokus riktad mot svenska förhållanden. Här har ämnet beskrivits som otydligt i läroplans- och läroboks-forskning medan det framträder som mer tydligt i lärarforskning. Denna lärarforskning har dock oftast studerat grundskolans högstadium och gymnasium. Studier på mellanstadiet saknas och min studie visar, till skillnad från dessa studier, att ämnet är otydligt när lärarna talar om det. Det är ett stadie som också skiljer sig från högstadiets och gymnasiets ämnescentrerade ämneslärarkultur genom att det är mer elevcentrerat och klasslärarbundet med högre grad av ämnesintegration. Artikeln fokuserar därför samhällskunskapsämnets relationer till övriga samhällsorienterande (SO) ämnen – geografi, historia och religionskunskap – och vad det innebär för ämnets otydlighet. Genom intervjuer med lärare om deras SO-undervisning och samhällskunskapsämnets del i den, illustrerat med hjälp av begreppen ”ämnesmarkörer”, ”ämnesväxlingar” och ”ämnesöverlappningar”, framträder ämnet som underordnat och undanskymt i relation till särskilt geografi och historia. De har en dominerande position inom gruppen och bidrar till att samhällskunskapsämnet förblir otydligt. I artikelns konklusion och diskussion argumenteras för betydelsen av en rekonstruktion av relationerna inom gruppen, inte endast för att göra samhällskunskapsämnet tydligare, utan för att också övriga ämnen skall ge ett starkare bidrag till elevers lärande om samhället och dess frågor både som enskilda ämnen och tillsammans.Nyckelord: samhällskunskap, samhällsorienterande ämnen, ämnesmarkörer, ämnesväxlingar, ämnesöverlappningarAbstractThis article reports on a practice-related study of the characteristic features of the civics subject in Swedish upper primary education. The discussion takes place against the background of a Scandinavian subject-specific pedagogical debate on the lack of clarity in the civics subject in relation to the other social studies subjects. In Sweden, curriculum and textbook research has pointed out that civics seems to have a vague and unspecified role in primary education, while it seems to have a more prominent role in practice-related research. However, the latter research has often focused on lower and upper secondary education, and so far there have been no studies of the role of civics in primary education. In contrast to the studies of civics in secondary education, my study shows that civics in primary education emerges as very obscure in teachers’ talk about it. At this stage of education, civics is not as subject-centred as it is in the subject-teaching culture of secondary education, but rather a pupil-centred subject with a high degree of integration with other subjects. The article has a focus on civics in relation to the other social studies subjects (SO), namely geography, history and religious studies, and on how the interrelations affect the perception of civics. The study is based on interviews with teachers on their SO teaching and the role of civics with the help of the concepts of ”subject marker”, ”subject-switching”, and ”subject-overlapping”. The result of the analysis is that civics emerges as a subordinated and inconspicuous subject in relation to geography and history, in particular. These two subjects have a dominant position in the subject cluster and contribute to relegating civics to a vague and unclear backseat. In conclusion, the article argues for the need of reconstructing the interrelations in the subject cluster, not only for the sake of clarifying the role and content of civics, but also to ensure that the other subjects can also contribute more to pupils’ learning about community and citizenship issues, as separate subjects and together.Keywords: civics, social studies subjects, subjects, subject marker, subject-switching, subject-overlapping

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document