scholarly journals Exploring different weeds management practices in wheat

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-225
Author(s):  
Muhamamd Arif
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Experimental Treatment ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Weed Suppression ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Neem Extract

Frequent utilization of herbicides has caused ecological and health complications for human beings as well as for animals. Moreover, its unwise application also developed resistance in some weed species against the herbicides. Therefore, a field investigation was planned to assess the effect of multi-approached weed suppression in wheat at Reclamation Research Station, 7/3-L Ahmad Pur Sial District Jhang during Rabi 2019-20. Experimental treatment was comprised of two wheat cultivars i.e. Ujala 2016 and Faisalabad 2008 and seven weeds control approaches i.e. hand weeding, organic mulching, eucalyptus extract, neem extract, clodinafop, bromoxynil + MCPA and clodinafop + bromoxynil + MCPA including control. Results of the experiment showed that hand weedings, combined application of clodinafop + bromoxynil + MCPA and mulching significantly reduced the weeds density, fresh and dry weight of weeds. However, covering the soil surface with the organic mulch may have a great impact on the growth and yield-contributing attributes, hence produced maximum grain yield.

Effect of Land Configuration and Weed Management on Performance of Urdbean [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper]

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Venkata Rao ◽  
A. Subbarami Reddy ◽  
M. V. Ramana
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Vigna Mungo ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Marginal Lands ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Plot Design

Background: Blackgram is an important crop among kharif pulses and is usually grown on marginal and sub-marginal lands without proper weed management under rainfed situation. Broad bed furrows had greater influence on plant growth over farmers practice. Weed management through mechanical or manual is normally tedious, labour consuming and costlier. Keeping this in view, the present study was envisaged to investigate integrated effect of land configuration and weed management regimes on productivity of urdbean. Methods: A field experiment was carried out during kharif seasons of 2016 and 2017 at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Lam, Guntur on effect of land configuration and weed management on performance of urdbean (Vigna mungo L.Hepper). The treatments included two land configurations i.e., flat bed and broad bed furrow method allotted as horizontal plots and four weed management practices i.e., weedy check, pendimethalin 30 EC @ 1.0 kg a.i ha-1 PE, imazethapyr 10% SL @ 55 g ha-1 at 15-20 DAS and pendimethalin 30 EC @ 1.0 kg a.i ha-1 PE fb imazethapyr 10% SL @ 55g ha-1 at 15-20 DAS allotted as vertical plots replicated four times in a strip plot design. The comparison of treatment means was made by critical difference (CD) at P less than 0.05 by using standard statistical procedures. Result: Based on the results, it can be concluded broad bed method of land configuration proved its superiority over flat bed method by producing 12.8 per cent higher grain yield besides empowering growth and yield attributes. Among the weed management practices, the highest grain yield (1280 kg ha-1) recorded with pendimethalin 30 EC @ 1.0 kg a.i ha-1 PE fb imazethapyr 10% SL @ 55g ha-1 at 15-20 DAS along with maximum monetary returns and B:C can be recommended for urdbean.

scholarly journals The weed composition in an orchard as a result of long-term foliar herbicide application

2016 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Licznar-Małańczuk ◽  
Iwona Sygutowska
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Grass ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Convolvulus Arvensis ◽  
Stellaria Media ◽  
Senecio Vulgaris ◽  
Perennial Weeds

<p>The weed composition and the dominance of individual species occurring in an orchard were assessed at the Research Station of the Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Poland, during the first 10 years after orchard establishment. ‘Ligol’ apple trees were planted in the spring of 2004 (3.5 × 1.2 m). Foliar herbicides were applied in 1 m wide tree rows twice or three times per each vegetation period. In the inter-row spaces, perennial grass was maintained.</p><p>Ten years of maintenance of herbicide fallow contributed to a change in the weed composition in the orchard. It changed as a result of different responses of the most important weed species to the foliar herbicides. Total suppression of <em>Elymus repens</em> was observed in the first year after planting the trees. <em>Convolvulus arvensis</em>, <em>Cirsium arvense</em>, and other perennial weeds, completely disappeared in the succeeding periods. The maintenance of herbicide fallow did not affect the abundance of <em>Taraxacum officinale</em>. The percentage of the soil surface covered by <em>Trifolium repens</em> and <em>Epilobium adenocaulon</em>, perennial weeds with considerable tolerance to post-emergence herbicides, increased during the fruit-bearing period of the trees. The abundance of these weeds was significantly reduced only in the rows with the stronger growing trees on the semi-dwarf P 2 rootstock. <em>Stellaria media</em> was the dominant annual weed. <em>Senecio vulgaris</em>, <em>Poa annua</em>, <em>Capsella bursa-pastoris</em>, and <em>Lamium</em> spp. were also frequently observed. A significant increase in the abundance of annual and perennial weeds was found in the tree rows as a result of improved water availability after a period of high precipitation.</p>

scholarly journals ACC Deaminase-Positive Halophilic Bacterial Isolates With Multiple Plant Growth-Promoting Traits Improve the Growth and Yield of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Under Salinity Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yalavarthi Nagaraju ◽  
Mahadevaswamy ◽  
Nagaraj M. Naik ◽  
S. B. Gowdar ◽  
K. Narayanarao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Acc Deaminase ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Rhizosphere Ph ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Yield Attributes

In this study, a total of 50 halophilic bacterial isolates were screened for 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase activity, of these six with the highest ACC deaminase activity were selected for an increase in chickpea yield under salinity. The ACC deaminase activity among the isolates was ranged between 0.12 and 3.56 mM α-KB mg−1 min−1. These six isolates and one reference strain from the Agricultural College, Raichur, were used in the microcosm experiment during the rabi season of 2018. After 60 days of sowing, decreased rhizosphere pH and electrical conductivity (EC) from 8.4 to 7.6 and 4.3 to 3.4 dS m−1, respectively, were reported in chickpea. Among the treatments, Bacillus safensis (B. safensis)-inoculated plants showed a higher number of flowers (71 flowers/plant), pods (49.3 pods/plant), branches (33.3 branches/plant), and enhanced fresh weight (17.2 g/plant) and dry weight (8.1 g/plant). They were corroborated by improved nitrogen and phosphorus absorption of 71.5 and 43.5%, respectively, in B. safensis-treated plants. Based on the microcosm experimental findings, three cultures improving biometric and yield attributes were chosen for the field investigation. The field study was carried out at the Agricultural Research Station, Ganagavathi, during Kharif 2019. The chickpea plants treated with the consortium [B. safensis, Pseudomonas stutzeri, and Staphylococcus xylosus] increased the superoxide dismutase and catalase activity of plants by 258 and 196%, respectively. In addition, an increase in ascorbate peroxidase activity (0.41 μmol of ascorbate oxidized s−1 g−1 fresh weight) in the leaves and proline content was also recorded. The consortium (B. safensis, P. stutzeri, and S. xylosus) significantly increased nutrient uptake (N and P), the number of flowers, number of pods, and yield by 63.26, 39.03, 110, 59.96, and 17.56%, respectively, in chickpeas. Finally, inoculation with a mixture of three isolates is an effective method for increasing chickpea production under osmotic stress.

Effect of weed management practices on Sugarcane ratoon

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahima Begum ◽  
Bijnan Chandra Bordoloi
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Cane Yield ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Loam Soil

A field experiment was conducted during the three consecutive seasons from 2006-08 on clay loam soil of Sugarcane Research Station, Buralikson, Assam to study the effect of different herbicides along with other cultural practices of weed management of sugarcane. The experimental field was laid out in randomized block design with three replication with the following ten treatments viz. T<sub>1</sub>: control, T<sub>2</sub>: 3 hoeings (1<sup>st</sup> , 4<sup>th</sup> and 7<sup>th</sup> week), T<sub>3</sub>: Atrazine@ 2kg a.i/ha + 2,4-D @ 1kg a.i/ ha at 45 days after ratoon initiation, T<sub>4</sub>: atrazine @ 2 kg a.i/ha + 1 hoeing at 45 days after ratoon initiation, T<sub>5</sub>: metribuzine @1 kg a.i/ha + 2,4-D @1 kg a.i/ha at 45 days after ratoon initiation, T<sub>6</sub>: metribuzine @1 kg a.i/ha + 1 hoeing at 45 days after ratoon initiation , T<sub>7</sub>: glycel-41@ 0.4 kg a.i/ha at 3<sup>rd</sup> week stage, T<sub>8</sub>: glycel-41@ 0.4 kg a.i/ha at 3<sup>rd</sup> week + 1 hoeing at 60 days after ratoon initiation, T<sub>9</sub>: trash mulching in alternate rows + hoeing during 1<sup>st</sup> and 6<sup>th</sup> week, T<sub>10</sub>: trash mulching in all rows. Result revealed that all the weed management practices had a significant effect on growth and yield of sugarcane over control. Out of all treatments, pre-emergence spraying of metribuzine @1 kg a.i/ha followed by spraying of 2, 4-D @1 kg a.i/ha at 45 days after ratoon initiation recorded lesser number of weeds and weed dry weight with higher weed control efficiency (80.38%). The same treatment also recorded the higher cane yield (79.6 t/ha) which is followed by pre-emergence spraying of metribuzine @ 1 kg a.i/ha with 1 hoeing at 45 days after ratoon initiation.

scholarly journals Climate-smart agriculture practices influence weed density and diversity in cereal-based agri-food systems of western Indo-Gangetic plains

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanuman S. Jat ◽  
Virender Kumar ◽  
Suresh K. Kakraliya ◽  
Ahmed M. Abdallah ◽  
Ashim Datta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Weed Suppression ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Flood Irrigation ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Smart Agriculture ◽  
Subsurface Drip

AbstractClimate-smart agriculture (CSA)-based management practices are getting popular across South-Asia as an alternative to the conventional system for particular weed suppression, resources conservation and environmental quality. An 8-year study (2012–2013 to 2019–2020) was conducted to understand the shift in weed density and diversity under different CSA-based management practices called scenarios (Sc). These Sc involved: Sc1, conventional tillage (CT)-based rice–wheat system with flood irrigation (farmers’ practice); Sc2, CT-rice, zero tillage (ZT)-wheat–mungbean with flood irrigation (partial CA-based); Sc3, ZT rice–wheat–mungbean with flood irrigation (partial CSA-based rice); Sc4, ZT maize–wheat–mungbean with flood irrigation (partial CSA-based maize); Sc5, ZT rice–wheat–mungbean with subsurface drip irrigation (full CSA-based rice); and Sc6, ZT maize–wheat–mungbean with subsurface drip irrigation (full CSA-based maize). The most abundant weed species were P. minor > A. arvensis > M. indicus > C. album and were favored by farmers’ practice. However, CSA-based management practices suppressed these species and favored S. nigrum and R. dentatus and the effect of CSAPs was more evident in the long-term. Maximum total weed density was observed for Sc1, while minimum value was recorded under full CSA-based maize systems, where seven weed-species vanished, and P. minor density declined to 0.33 instead of 25.93 plant m−2 after 8-years of continuous cultivation. Full CSA-based maize–wheat system could be a promising alternative for the conveniently managed rice–wheat system in weed suppression in north-west India.

scholarly journals Influence of Sowing Methods and Sowing Time on Growth, Growth Attributes and Yield of Black Gram Vigna mungo L. under Rice Oryza sativa L. Fallow Black Gram Cropping System

2021 ◽  
pp. 365-374
Author(s):  
Paulraj Suryakala ◽  
A. Veeramani ◽  
Durai Singh ◽  
T. Sivakumar ◽  
M. Rajeswari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Black Gram ◽  
Residual Moisture ◽  
Sowing Time

Aim: Blackgram is one of the most important pulse crops raised in several types of soil under well drained conditions. Currently, it is cultivated as monocrop , intercrop as well as rice fallow crop in southern India. When the rice fallow pulse systems are described as, the pulse crop is seeded before or after rice harvest without ploughing, the remaining soil moisture may be better used through conservation agriculture measures. It's also known as a relay crop, a no-till crop, or a residual crop.In general, the production and productivity of black gram is declining because of poor management practices . Thus, this study was undertaken rice establishment methods as a strategy to determine the availability of residual moisture on the establishment of rice fallow black gram system during the early growth stages. Place and Duration of Study: A field investigation was carried out at Agricultural College and Research Institute, Madurai (Tamil Nadu Agricultural University9o54’ N Latitude, 78o54’ E Longitude with an  altitude of 147 m above MSL), Tamil Nadu, India from September 2019 to April 2020 Methodology: To see how different seeding methods and time influence the rice fallow black gram, the factors include rice planting methods as the main plot, methods of sowing black gram on rice fallow black gram as  sub plot, and time of sowing black gram on rice fallow black gram given out in sub-sub plot treatment. Results: The treatments had the best growth qualities, growth analysis, and yield. It could be because the above-mentioned combinations had higher residual moisture content, which resulted in a higher germination percentage, better crop stand, and higher growth and yield of rice fallow black gram. Conclusion: The best management strategy is to sowing black gram in rice fallow situations with a rice fallow pulse planter at 10 days before rice harvest, under the direct seeded of rice establishment technique with drum seeder.

WEED COMMUNITY ANALYSIS IN MAIZE CROP IN NATURAL CLIMATE OF KHAIRPUR DISTRICT, PAKISTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
Naeema Khatoon Khaskheli ◽  
Muzafar Hussain Sirohi ◽  
Abdul Razak MAhar ◽  
Ameer Ahmed Mirbahar ◽  
Mumtaz Ali Saand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Community Analysis ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Trianthema Portulacastrum ◽  
Plant Families ◽  
Study Sites

Weeds are the noxious plants that stunt growth and yield of many crops. This study recorded the community composition of weeds in maize crops grown at District Khairpur, Sindh Pakistan. The weeds were collected from the maize crops at three different localities using the quadrat method (60 quadrats/site). The species were identified and herbarium samples were preserved in Herbarium, Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur, Sindh Pakistan, for future reference. The species community composition, habit, and life span were determined. The study confirmed 35 weed species belonging to 14 plant families. The weed community was dominated by the plant families Poaceae (8 spp.), Amaranthaceae (7 spp.), and Aizoaceae (3 spp.). The most frequent species with relatively higher densities include Digera muricata (Amaranthaceae), Trianthema portulacastrum (Aizoaceae), and Corchorus olitorius (Malvaceae). The weed community was dominated with annual herbs. The community composition among the study sites was highly comparable. The study found a lack of weed management practices across the sites.

Development of Efficient Weed Management Practices for Drilled Paddy Production under Gujarat condition

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
R, V Hajari ◽  
R G MACHHAR ◽  
A. K. Mahida ◽  
G D HADIYA ◽  
A K MAHIDA
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Hand Weeding

To study the weed management in drilled paddy an experiment was conducted at Agriculture Research Station, Anand Agricultural University, Derol Dist: panchmahal, Gujarat during kharif seasons of the years 2012-13, 2013-14 ,2014-15 and 2015 -16 . Ten treatments for weed management were studied in randomized block design with four replications. Results that all the growth and yield attributes except plant height and test weight were significantly influenced due to different weed control treatments. The grain and straw yield of drilled paddy were also altered significant due to weed control treatments. In general, T2 (two hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAS) recorded the highest yield among all. It was, however, at par with three other treatments which included pre and post emergence application of herbicides. Since, the application of Oxadiargyl @ 90 g/ha f/b Bisbyribac sodium @ 25 g/ha at 20 DAS is one among the dual application of herbicide, it can be recommended for drilled paddy in options of two hand weeding.

scholarly journals Managing glyphosate-resistant weeds with cover crop associated with herbicide rotation and mixture

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aroldo Marochi ◽  
Antonio Ferreira ◽  
Hudson Kagueyama Takano ◽  
Rubem Silvério Oliveira Junior ◽  
Ramiro Fernando Lopez Ovejero
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Weed Suppression ◽  
Suppression Effect ◽  
Herbicide Programs

ABSTRACT Herbicide resistance has become a major concern for agricultural systems, and integrating weed management practices seem to be the most promise way for its mitigation. The effects of cropping systems including ruzigrass (Urochloa ruziziensis) associated with herbicide rotation programs were evaluated for the management of glyphosate resistant conyza (Conyza sumatrensis) and sourgrass (Digitaria insularis) in soybean and corn production systems. A 3x3 factorial was evaluated in four consecutive soybean (spring-summer) and corn (fall-winter) double cropping seasons. Factor A consisted of three combinations of cropping systems in the fall-winter: corn, corn plus ruzigrass, and ruzigrass alone. Factor B was based on increasing levels of diversity in herbicide mode of action over the four-year period (5, 8, and 11 MoAs). The results indicate that using ruzigrass significantly increased soil coverage by cover crop residues. In general, the cover crop was more efficient for conyza than for sourgrass control, whereas herbicide programs provided greater control on sourgrass than on conyza. Besides the weed suppression effect, the accumulation of ruzigrass biomass on the soil surface during the fall-winter also improved yield of soybean in the spring-summer. The integration of ruzigrass as a cover crop and the use of herbicide programs with multiple modes of action can provide efficient control of glyphosate-resistant conyza and sourgrass. The use of only one of these strategies was not effective in most cases, especially for the long term.

scholarly journals Effect of integrated weed management practices on performance of dry direct seeded rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 53-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
KP Bhurer ◽  
DN Yadav ◽  
JK Ladha ◽  
RB Thapa ◽  
K Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Net Return ◽  
Free Treatment ◽  
Direct Seeded ◽  
Hand Weeding

Weeds are serious problem in dry direct seeded rice (DDSR). A field experiment was conducted during rainy seasons of 2010 and 2011 at research farm of the Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS) Parwanipur, to study the effect of integrated weed management practices on the performance of dry direct seeded rice. Ten treatment combinations viz; weedy, weed free (weekly), Pendimethalin fb (followed by) Bispyribac, Pendimethalin fb two hand weeding, Stale seedbed fb Bispyribac, Stale seedbed fb Pendimethalin fb Bispyribac, Mulch 4 t/ha fb Bispyribac fb one hand weeding, Stale seedbed fb mulch 4 t/ha fb Bispyribac, Pendimethalin and Sesbania co-culture fb 2,4-D Na salt fb one hand weeding and Pendimethalin fb 2,4-D fb one hand weeding were tested in a randomized complete block design and replicated thrice. Observations were taken on weed, plant growth and yield attributes, yield, and socio-economic parameters. All weed control treatments significantly reduced the weed density and dry weight of weed resulting significant increase in yield of DSR over weedy check in both years. Weed free treatment resulted the highest yield, however, it was not economical due to high cost of cultivation. The use of Pendimethalin fb 2,4-D fb one hand weeding produced yield (5161 in 2010 and 6160 kg/ha in 2011) which were statistically at par with yield (5305 in 2010 and 6319 kg/ha in 2011) obtained under the weed free treatment. Further, the highest benefit cost ratio (CBR) 1.77 and 2.22 and net return Rs 47700 and 75084/ha during 2010 and 2011, respectively, were obtained under this treatment indicating its superiority over other treatments. The grain yield, yield attributing characters viz. panicles per m2, panicle weight, filled grain per panicle, thousand grain weight as influenced by different weed management practices revealed that higher yield resulted from weed free plot followed by Pendimethalin followed by two hand weeding and Pendimethalin followed by 2,4-D followed by one hand weeding. However, the net return per unit investment resulted highest in Pendimethalin followed by 2,4-D followed by one hand weeding. This proved that amid increasing wage rate and labor scarcity integrated weed management through Pendimethalin 30 EC (stomp) @ 1 kg a. i./ha as pre- emergence herbicide application followed by 2,4-D sodium salt 80 WP @ 0.5 kg a.i./ha followed by one hand weeding or stale seed bed followed by Pendimethalin 30 EC (stomp) @ 1 kg a. i./ha followed by Bispyribac (nominee gold) @ 25 g a. i./ha 10 % @ 200 ml/ha at 20 days of seeding resulted best alternative for manual hand weeding practices giving higher net return per unit investment. Agronomy Journal of Nepal (Agron JN) Vol. 3. 2013, Page 53-63 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajn.v3i0.9006

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