scholarly journals The determination of values of specific resistance to the cut of the radish top

2020 ◽  
pp. 68-71
Author(s):  
Andrey Andreevich Ashitko
Keyword(s):  
Specific Resistance ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Signal Conversion ◽  
Root Crops ◽  
Software Product ◽  
Problematic Level ◽  
Engineering Institute

The article deals with the problematic level of mechanization of small farms, especially during harvesting. When considering the process of harvesting root crops, including radish, the most difficult operation is the separation of tops. In this regard, the author conducted a series of studies to identify patterns of the process of cutting tops on the example of radish. The study was carried out using a dynamometric installation developed at the Azov-Black Sea Engineering Institute of Don State Agrarian University, the basis of which was a pendulum cutting device, to which elements a control and measuring system was connected, including a strain gauge; elements of the signal conversion system and a personal computer or laptop with the ADCLabSE software product. The factor experiment made it possible to establish that such parameters as the angle of blade installation, its thickness and cutting speed significantly affected the energy performance of the process of separating radish tops, and the influence of the first factor was the opposite, the rest were direct.  

DETERMINATION OF CUTTING SPEED VALUES FOR PROCESSING A NON-RIGID SHAFT

THE BULLETIN ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (386) ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
Zh. N. Shakenova ◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Speed

scholarly journals Thermal Dynamic Behavior in Bi-Zone Habitable Cell with and without Phase Change Materials

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Hanae El Fakiri ◽  
Lahoucine Ouhsaine ◽  
Abdelmajid El Bouardi
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Behavior ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Dynamic Behavior ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Water Heater ◽  
Simplified Modeling

The thermal dynamic behavior of buildings represents an important aspect of the energy efficiency and thermal comfort of the indoor environment. For this, phase change material (PCM) wallboards integrated into building envelopes play an important role in stabilizing the temperature of the human comfort condition. This article provides an assessment of the thermal behavior of a “bi-zone” building cell, which was built based on high-energy performance (HEP) standards and heated by a solar water heater system through a hydronic circuit. The current study is based on studying the dynamic thermal behavior, with and without implantation of PCMs on envelope structure, using a simplified modeling approach. The evolution of the average air temperature was first evaluated as a major indicator of thermal comfort. Then, an evaluation of the thermal behavior’s dynamic profile was carried out in this study, which allowed for the determination of the PCM rate anticipation in the thermal comfort of the building cell.

scholarly journals Raman Sensor for the Determination of Gas Solubility

Physchem ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-188
Author(s):  
Gregor Lipinski ◽  
Markus Richter
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Gas Separation ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Separation Processes ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Gas Solubilities

Efficient and environmentally responsible use of resources requires the development and optimization of gas separation processes. A promising approach is the use of liquids that are designed for specific tasks, e.g., the capture of carbon dioxide or other greenhouse gases. This requires an accurate determination of gas solubilities for a broad range of temperatures and pressures. However, state of the art measurement techniques are often very time consuming or exhibit other pitfalls that prevent their use as efficient screening tools. Here, we show that the application of Raman spectroscopy through a compact measuring system can simplify data acquisition for the determination of gas solubilities in liquids. To demonstrate that this approach is expedient, we determined gas solubilities of carbon dioxide in water for three isotherms T = (288.15, 293.15, 298.15) K over a pressure range from p = (0.5–5) MPa and in three imidazolium-based ionic liquids for one isotherm T = 298.15 K at pressures from p = (0.1–5) MPa. When compared to data in the literature, all results are within the reported uncertainties of the measurement techniques involved. The developed analysis method eliminates the need for a lengthy volume or mass calibration of the sample prior to the measurements and, therefore, allows for fast screening of samples, which can help to advance gas separation processes in scientific and industrial applications.

Gas Chromatographic Determination of Ametryn and Its Metabolites in Tropical Root Crops

1984 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 280-284
Author(s):  
Promode C Bardalaye ◽  
Willis B Wheeler
Keyword(s):  
Anhydrous Sodium Sulfate ◽  
Residue Analysis ◽  
Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽  
Chromatographic Determination ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Complete Separation ◽  
Flame Photometric Detector ◽  
Root Crops ◽  
Photometric Detector

Abstract Residue analysis of the herbicide ametryn (2-methyIthio-4-ethylamino-s-isopropylamino-s-triazine) is widely known but an analytical method for determining its metabolites has not yet been reported in the literature. A method has been developed for the extraction and determination of ametryn and 3 metabolites, 2-methylthio-4-amino-6-isopropylammo- s-triazine (GS-11354), 2-methylthio-4,6-diamino-.s-triazine(GS- 26831), and 2-methylthio-4-amino-6-ethylamino-s-triazine (GS-11355) in taniers, yams, cassava. Residues were extracted from crops with ethyl acetate-toluene (3 + 1 v/v), using a Polytron homogenizer and anhydrous sodium sulfate added for drying. The extracts were cleaned up by automated gel permeation chromatography on Bio-Beads SX-3 gel in the same solvent system. Quantitative determination was performed by gas chromatographic (GC) analysis on a column packed with 5% DEGS-PS on 100-120 mesh Supelcoport using either an N-P detector or a flame photometric detector (FPD) in the sulfur mode. Minimum detection by the flame photometric detector is 10 ng each for ametryn, GS-11354, and GS-11355 and 21 ng for GS-26831; by the N-P detector, 0.3 ng of each component gives easily quantitatable peaks. On a parts per million basis, starting with 25 g sample, the FPD detected a minimum level of 0.04 p.g/g each for ametryn, GS-11354, and GS-11355, and 0.08 p.g/g for GS-26831. The N-P detector could detect 0.0024 p.g/g for all 4 compounds. In addition to superior sensitivity, instrumental conditions allowed the complete separation of components in 10 min, for the N-P detector; more than 30 min was required for the FPD. Recoveries from fortified crops ranged from 67 to 111% at levels of 0.1-1.0 μg/g.

scholarly journals The determination of the thermal reliability criterion for building envelope structures

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-133
Author(s):  
Gennadiy Farenyuk
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Time Analysis ◽  
Thermal Reliability ◽  
Thermal Failure ◽  
Reliability Criterion ◽  
Building Operation

The paper presents the basic methodical principles for the time analysis of the variations of envelope structures’ thermal insulation properties and for the substantiation of the thermal reliability criterion, which should allow the analysis of the actual parameters of heat losses during the operation of buildings. In the paper, the state of the envelope structures thermal failure, the concept of building thermal envelope thermal reliability and the principles of its rating are defined. The physical meaning and basic criterion of the envelope structure thermal reliability are formulated. The application of the thermal reliability criterion allows determining the probable variations in the thermal insulation properties during the building operation and, accordingly, the changes of the building energy performance over time.

Public Accountability or Fiscal Control? Benchmarks of Performance in Australian Schooling

1996 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Watson
Keyword(s):  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Service Provision ◽  
School Effectiveness ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Government Schools ◽  
Public Resources ◽  
Government Education ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
Performance Benchmarks

The Industry Commission review of service provision in school education aims to define performance benchmarks for Australia's eight government education systems, by providing comparative measures of efficiency in education provision. Such benchmarks are likely to lead to a reduction in the level of public resources for government schools unless it is possible to demonstrate the link between expenditure on schooling and school effectiveness. If efficiency audits like the Industry Commission review are to deal with issues of school effectiveness adequately, they should avoid the tendency of previous public sector audits to focus on financial data on schools expenditure to the exclusion of data on student achievement. This paper suggests an approach to measuring system performance which would establish benchmarks that reflected both the efficiency and effectiveness of Australian school systems, and warns against the misuse of performance indicators as an instrument in the determination of funding levels for schools.

Real-time performance of filtering facepiece respirators at the workplace/Echtzeit-Performance partikelfiltrierender Halbmasken am Arbeitsplatz

Gefahrstoffe ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (10) ◽  
pp. 378-384
Author(s):  
C. Sun ◽  
C. Thelen ◽  
I. Sancho Sanz ◽  
A. Wittmann
Keyword(s):  
Field Measurements ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Pilot Test ◽  
Protection Factor ◽  
Workplace Performance ◽  
Geometric Means ◽  
Training Facility ◽  
Workplace Conditions

The efficacy of a respirator under real workplace conditions is presented by its workplace protection factor (WPF). The aim of this study was to assess a portable measuring system for the determination of WPF for particulate filtering facepiece respirators. WPFs of CE-marked FFP2 and FFP3 filtering facepiece respirators were measured as a pilot test conducted at two workplaces: an inter-company training facility and a paper mill, with a total of seven test subjects. Each subject was quantitatively fit tested prior to the field measurements. Two TSI PortaCount instruments measured the particle concentrations simultaneously and continuously inside and outside the respirator for 15 min, with three repetitions. The results of the fit test (overall fit factor) ranged from 22 to 199. Individual WPF results ranged from 16 to 568 for FFP2 respirators, and from 13 to 232 for FFP3 respirators. The geometric means (GM) of the WPF were 135 with a 5th percentile value of 37 (FFP2), and 47 with a 5th percentile value of 12 (FFP3). This pilot test provides a new method of evaluating the workplace performance of filtering facepiece respirators.

Experimental Determination of Optimal Speeds for Alloy Steels in Plane Turning

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Srikanth ◽  
V. Kamala
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Force Measurement ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
The Other ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Work Piece ◽  
Material Interface ◽  
Alloy Steels

In machining, speeds play vital role. The operator should know exactly the speed at which machining should be performed to get the required surface finish. In this paper, an attempt is made to determine the optimal cutting speed for machining of alloy steels. Three work piece materials having different hardness are taken and machined using a round nose tool with a coated tip. The tool dynamometer is attached to the tool post for force measurement. Turning operation on the work piece is performed on lathe at four different speeds, keeping the feed and depth of cut constant. Cutting forces acting on the tool, temperature at the tool and material interface are recorded. Power consumed being determined by a wattmeter and surface roughness values are measured. The same procedure is repeated for the other two work-pieces materials and optimal speeds for machining are determined for the three specimens. The results obtained are compared with the theoretical values and found to be very close.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF THE MAIN PARAMETERS OF THE ROTARY MOWER CUTTING APPARATUS

2020 ◽  
pp. 77-85
Author(s):  
Dmitry Kondratyuk ◽  
Vitaliy Komaha
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Angular Speed ◽  
Working Length ◽  
Mode Of Operation ◽  
Basic Parameters ◽  
Rotary Cutting ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Translational Speed

For mowing grass during harvesting of hay or haylage, support-free mowers with rotary movement of knives are used mainly, the productivity of which is much greater than segment-finger mowers. Free-cutting cutting apparatuses with rotational movement of knives happen with their rotation around the vertical (rotary) and horizontal (rotary) axes. Mowers that are equipped with rotary cutting devices significantly grind grass, so they are used in mower-grinders and lawn mowers. The purpose of the work is to substantiate the methodology for calculating the structural and kinematic parameters of rotary cutting devices, corresponding to the conditions of their use. The main parameters characterizing the operation of rotary cutting devices are: area, mows than in one revolution of the disk; knife working length; overlapping knives of adjacent rotors; cutting speed. In determining the basic parameters of the rotary cutting apparatus of the mower, the following assumptions were made. It was believed that the angular speed of the rotor and the translational speed of the mower are unchanged, and the movement of the unit is straightforward. In addition, the cutting apparatus performs mowing in a plane parallel to the soil surface, that is, in a plane perpendicular to most plant stems. It is shown that the absolute speed of any point of the knife varies from the maximum value equal to the sum of the peripheral speed of this point and the aggregation speed of the mower, to the minimum - the difference of the above speeds. It was found that the working length of the cutting edge of the knife is directly proportional to the speed of aggregation of the mower and inversely proportional to the angular velocity of the rotor and the number of knives mounted on it. The overlap of the path of the knives of adjacent rotors depends on the radius of the rotor; the number of knives mounted on it and the kinematic mode of operation of the cutting apparatus. Moreover, an increase in the radius of the rotor requires an increase in overlap, and an increase in the kinematic mode and the number of knives leads to a decrease in the overlap between the paths of the knives. The resulting dependence, which allows you to determine the area, mows than in one revolution of the rotor.

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