scholarly journals Documents of Representative Authority Bodies as a Source on the History of Urbanonyms in Volgograd: A Source Studies Aspect: The 1950s–70s

2021 ◽  
pp. 428-439
Author(s):  
Svetlana V. Solovyova ◽  
◽  
Elena Yu. Bolotova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Executive Committee ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
City Council ◽  
City Development ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Executive Authority ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City

The article is devoted to identification and analysis of documents of the executive committee of the Volgograd City Council of Workers’ Deputies containing decisions on naming and renaming of streets and squares of the city. As they reflect the historical process, the urbanonyms have great research potential. A comprehensive study of urbanonyms as a historical source involves disclosure of factors motivating to name and rename urban sites and consideration of decision-making process, which in its turn involves a wide range of documentary material. The source base of the study is minutes of meetings and decisions (with appendices) of the Executive Committee of the Volgograd City Council of Workers’ Deputies. In the course of the study, a representative sample collection has been formed, the object of which is the Battle of Stalingrad. Memory of the heroism of the defenders of Stalingrad is the brightest component of the social environment of modern Volgograd. The organizational and administrative documentation has allowed the authors to reconstruct the process of naming and renaming of streets and squares in Volgograd, to determine the mechanism of names selection, to point out specific features of the City Executive Committee’s work on this issue. Documents of Volgograd representative authority contain diverse historical information about the city toponymy: on causes and initiators of naming and renaming of streets and squares; on persons chosen for perpetuation in street names; on financial and technical issues of decisions implementation; on procedure for informing the executive authority bodies of names chosen for urban objects. The sources reveal the difficulties of this process, which are usually subjective in nature. Urbanonyms reflect substantive aspects of the history of city development (historical and military events), they take note of heroic guard units, role of outstanding personalities of the region and the country, population, administrative units, twin cities. In this regard, the attitude of representative authority bodies to preservation of historical memory in form of urbanonyms is important. Historical memory not only is one of the main channels for transmitting experience and information about the past, but also an important component of a person’s self-identification. The authors note that decision-making procedure for naming of streets and squares has changed under modern conditions; it now involves publicity, comprehensive discussion, and collegiality, thus eliminating errors in preparation of documents and implementation of decisions.

‘A new image of the living theatre’: the Genesis and Design of the Belgrade Theatre, Coventry, 1948–58

2011 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 347-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alistair Fair
Keyword(s):  
Modern Architecture ◽  
City Council ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Living Theatre ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Post War ◽  
The City

When it opened in March 1958, the Belgrade Theatre, Coventry, was the first new professional theatre to be constructed in Britain for nearly two decades and the country’s first all-new civic theatre (Figs 1 and 2). Financially supported by Coventry City Council and designed in the City Architect’s office, it included a 910-seat auditorium with associated backstage facilities. Two features of the building were especially innovative, namely its extensive public foyers and the provision of a number of small flats for actors. The theatre, whose name commemorated a major gift of timber to the city of Coventry from the Yugoslav authorities, was regarded as the herald of a new age and indeed marked the beginning of a boom in British theatre construction which lasted until the late 1970s. Yet its architecture has hitherto been little considered by historians of theatre, while accounts of post-war Coventry have instead focused on other topics: the city’s politics; its replanning after severe wartime bombing; and the architecture of its new cathedral, designed by Basil Spence in 1950 and executed amidst international interest as a symbol of the city’s post-war recovery. However, the Belgrade also attracted considerable attention when it opened. The Observer’s drama critic, Kenneth Tynan, was especially effusive, asking ‘in what tranced moment did the City Council decided to spend £220,000 on a bauble as superfluous as a civic playhouse?’ For him, it was ‘one of the great decisions in the history of local government’. This article considers the architectural implications of that ‘great decision’. The main design moves are charted and related to the local context, in which the Belgrade was intended to function as a civic and community focus. In this respect, the Labour Party councillors’ wish to become involved in housing the arts reflected prevailing local and national party philosophy but was possibly amplified by knowledge of eastern European authorities’ involvement in accommodating and subsidizing theatre. In addition, close examination of the Belgrade’s external design, foyers and auditorium illuminates a number of broader debates in the architectural history of the period. The auditorium, for example, reveals something of the extent to which Modern architecture could be informed by precedent. Furthermore, the terms in which the building was received are also significant. Tynan commented: ‘enter most theatres, and you enter the gilded cupidacious past. Enter this one, and you are surrounded by the future’. Although it was perhaps inevitable that the Belgrade was thought to be unlike older theatres, given that there had been a two-decade hiatus in theatre-building, the resulting contrast was nonetheless rather appropriate, allowing the building to connote new ideas whilst also permitting us to read the Belgrade in terms of contemporary debates about the nature of the ‘modern monument’.

‘The Pots on Our Roads’

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-88
Author(s):  
Gerald Chikozho Mazarire ◽  
Sandra Swart
Keyword(s):  
Chaotic System ◽  
The State ◽  
City Council ◽  
The Self ◽  
Traffic Police ◽  
Regulatory Instruments ◽  
History Of ◽  
Vehicle Fleet ◽  
The City

This article explores the role of the ‘diaspora fleet’ in Harare’s urban commuter system. Imported vehicles in the form of haulage trucks and commuter buses were one of the popular and visible forms of diasporic investment over Zimbabwe’s difficult decade spanning from 2000 to about 2010. The article argues that this diaspora fleet occupies a significant place in the history of commuting in Harare. Diasporic investment introduced a cocktail of European vehicles that quickly became ramshackle and ended up discarded in scrap heaps around the city. These imports and the businesses based on them destroyed the self-regulatory framework existing in the commuting business. This disruption was facilitated by the retreat or undermining of the state and city council regulatory instruments, which in turn created a role for middlemen, who manoeuvred to perpetuate a new and chaotic system known as ‘mshika-shika [faster-faster]’, based on a culture of irresponsible competitive gambling. This chaotic system remains in place today to the chagrin of city council planners and traffic police. Its origins, we argue, lie in the cultures and practices introduced by the diasporan vehicle fleet.

PRINCIPLES OF THE CONTEXTUAL APPROACH AND THE CONCEPT OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS DESIGNING IN THE HISTORIC QUARTERS OF THE CITY

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-101
Author(s):  
Natalya N. VOLOGDINA ◽  
Viktor N. YARUKOV
Keyword(s):  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Contextual Approach ◽  
Contextual Design ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Three Dimensional Models ◽  
The City

The problems of residential buildings designing in the historic quarters of the city are considered. A judgment is given about the origins of contextualism. Att ention is drawn to various positions in creating a full-fl edged environment, taking into account a wide range of issues of its comprehension and development. On the basis of the adopted concept of the contextual approach the principles demonstrated with the help of three-dimensional models are formulated. As a research area and priority intervention a specifi c area of urban fabric with regular planning is selected. Contextual design techniques are off ered which can be used as a tool in professional activity. The importance and value of the approach returning to the city its historical memory is emphasized.

scholarly journals Mapping the History of a Territory: Bon Pastor (Barcelona) – Social Remembrance and Heritage Project

2019 ◽  
pp. 37-54
Author(s):  
Salvador Angosto
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
City Council ◽  
National Politics ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
Material Conditions ◽  
The City

The topic of the article are the complex stages of the formation of the Bon Pastor neighbourhood in Barcelona, and contemporary efforts to create the remembrance space system that would preserve the social memory and historical identity of the place. The author presents how the urban development plans for the district were transformed as a result of major changes in national politics, economy, and social policy, since the 1930s, through 60s and 70s, till today. The article describes the Bon Pastor Civic Memory project as an interesting example of a participatory action aimed at the preservation of local heritage. The implementation of the Civic Memory project was possible due to the neighbours’ initiative and their cooperation with cultural and academic institutions. The aim of this project is to mark certain points of the territory which possess historically and socially significant value, and to enhance them through public art, urban design and other implementations envisaged. The Association of residents of Bon Pastor (Barcelona) has been characterized, since 1974, for its combative and vindictive nature, at the same time as for its great capacity to launch solidarity initiatives and manage complicated processes to improve the living conditions of residents of the neighbourhood. After the struggles to obtain a health centre, the improvement of communications by metro and bus, and the constant improvement of public space, in recent years, the Association is co-managing with the Barcelona City Council, the radical transformation of the neighbourhood. The different phases for the remodelling of the neighbourhood, by replacing the so-called “cheap houses” with new buildings, with more spacious apartments and with better material conditions, is coming to an end and now, the possibility opens up, driven by the neighbours and the Museum of the History of the City (MUHBA) to have a metropolitan museographic space devoted to the presentation and study of the evolution of workers’ and popular housing in Barcelona.

scholarly journals The Wellington Waterfront and Tourism Development: Planning Process and Legislative Framework

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Thi Hong Hanh Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
City Council ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Key Players ◽  
Legislative Framework ◽  
Waterfront Redevelopment ◽  
The Impact

<p>Over the last two decades, the redevelopment of the Wellington waterfront has become one of the most contested urban development projects in New Zealand, with the involvement of many varied interests. There have been a number of changes in planning, development concepts, rules, and regulations in order to manage its ongoing redevelopment. However, many development projects on the waterfront have been delayed and cancelled. It might be argued that regulatory and plan changes may be influencing the progress of this redevelopment. However, to date, no one has explored this relationship. Therefore, this study is aimed at filling this gap by using the Wellington waterfront as a case study and focusing on tourism development, the planning process, and the legislative framework surrounding this redevelopment. Its objectives were: (1) to explore the role of tourism in the redevelopment of the Wellington waterfront; (2) to identify the key players involved in the waterfront redevelopment, and specify their involvement and influence on planning and decision-making processes; and (3) to define the existing legislative framework for this redevelopment and examine the way in which it impacts tourism development in this area. This study adopted a qualitative research method. Data in this study was collected from a wide range of documents relevant to the Wellington waterfront and through face-to-face and semi-structured in-depth interviews. 18 representatives from local authorities, waterfront organisations, tourism entities, as well as urban planners, developers, community groups, and property owners were interviewed. Data triangulation was used in data analysis to validate and deepen the findings. The study found that tourism was not recognised as one of the key driving forces of the redevelopment of Wellington waterfront as a whole, although within specific development proposals tourism has been used as a rationale to support these developments. This suggested that to a certain extent tourism was considered in this redevelopment. In this research, while Wellington City Council (WCC) and its controlled entities were identified as the key players influencing the planning and decision making process, the involvement of the public may also play an important role in slowing down this redevelopment. There was firm agreement among participants about the impact of legislative framework on this redevelopment. This study found that there is a legislative framework within which the waterfront redevelopment works. However, the legislative framework tends to impact specific developments rather the waterfront redevelopment as a whole. Several implications and recommendations arise from this study, including the need of continuing research on impact of legislative framework on tourism from a legal perspective. Additionally, it is recommended that the extent to which legislative framework accommodates tourism should be emphasised in understanding its impact.</p>

scholarly journals Building Preservation Case Study of Pancasila Building in Pasuruan City

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (08) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prof. Dr. Lalu Mulyadi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
City Development ◽  
Aesthetic Value ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The City

Some cities in Indonesia have a long history of city development, in East Java, for example the cities of Surabaya, Malang, Blitar, Kediri and Pasuruan are cities that have a history of urban development that still maintains the identity of the city. old buildings or colonial buildings, these buildings can still be suspected through the characteristics of building shapes and the use of ornaments that are characterized by European buildings. For this European building to be preserved, it is necessary to conduct a feasibility study of the aesthetic value contained in the building. The case study taken in writing this article is the Pancasila Building in the city of Pasuruan. The method used is descriptive analysis topically. To support the discussion in this article, field observations and literature studies were conducted. The findings in this study were to determine the physical identity of the building and the meaning of building ornaments.

Cycles of Cathay

Transfers ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward J.M. Rhoads
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Back Seat ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Primary Means ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Personal Transportation ◽  
The City

Introduced into China in the late nineteenth century, the bicycle had to compete with a variety of alternative modes of personal transportation that for a number of years limited its appeal and utility. Thus, during the 1920s and 1930s it took a back seat to the hand-pulled rickshaw and during the 1940s to the pedicab (cycle rickshaw). It was only in the 1950s that the bicycle became the primary means of transportation for most urban Chinese. For the next four decades, as its use spread from the city to the countryside, China was the iconic “bicycle kingdom.“ Since the 1990s, however, the pedal-powered bicycle has been overtaken by the automobile (and motorcycle). Nevertheless, with the recent appearance and growing popularity of the e-bike, the bicycle may yet play an important role in China's transport modal mix. This overview history of the bicycle in China is based on a wide range of textual sources in English and Chinese as well as pictorial images.

Return to the City of Joseph

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott C. Esplin
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Social History ◽  
Jesus Christ ◽  
Mississippi River ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Latter Day Saints ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Joseph Smith ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City

In the 1840s, Nauvoo, Illinois, was a religious boomtown, the headquarters for The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Mormonism), a controversial religion whose theology, social practices, and solidarity led to cultural conflict. By the mid-1840s, Joseph Smith, the religion’s prophet-leader, was killed, and thousands of Mormons relocated west to Utah. During the twentieth century, the Latter-day Saints returned to their former headquarters in Nauvoo, Illinois, in a dramatic way. Acquiring nearly half of the property in the city, the faith transformed the sleepy Mississippi River town into a historical re-creation of its earlier splendor. However, as it did in the nineteenth century, Mormonism’s presence in western Illinois in the twentieth century created conflict. Competing groups, including the religion’s sister faith, the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ, offered a rival interpretation of Nauvoo’s past. Additionally, community members without a connection to either branch of Mormonism sought to preserve their own rich history in the city. Return to the City of Joseph: Modern Mormonism’s Contest for the Soul of Nauvoo examines the conflicts over historical memory that have developed as Mormonism returned to western Illinois. It focuses on the social history of the community, examining interactions between groups impacted by Mormonism’s touristic takeover. In a broader way, it also intersects with studies of historical tourism and pilgrimage.

Intermedial Maps: The Street as Site of Cultural-Political Regulation in Modern Brazil

2010 ◽  
pp. 143-170
Author(s):  
Justin Read
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Modernist Poetry ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Modernist Architecture ◽  
Per Se ◽  
The City

Since the late 19th century Rio de Janeiro has grown in relation to two primary spatial axes: the planned and regularized cidade (“city”) where most wealth and power are located; and the unregulated morro (“hill”) where most poverty has been concentrated. The history of social order in modern Brazil may not flow from the city per se, but rather from the streets that link cidade and morro the spaces that channel movement between regulated and unregulated areas of the city. One might argue that the modernization of Brazil since 1900 has followed the mapping of Rio de Janeiro’s streets over the same period. Such a claim would require a kind of “alternate” or “intermedial” cartography in which various media are employed to evoke a wide range of sensorial impressions of the city’s streets. This essay therefore attempts an intermedial mapping of Rio’s streets through readings of modernist poetry, modernist architecture, and post-modern television.

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