Personal and Social Determinants of Aggressive and Dangerous Driving

Aggressive and dangerous driving compromises personal and public safety. The purpose of the present study was to identify common forms of aggressive and dangerous driving and to determine contributing factors. Participants included 298 university students who completed an online survey measuring aggressive and dangerous driving and a range of possible causes. Results showed that verbal aggression was most common followed by using one’s vehicle to express anger. Aggressive driving was associated with permissive attitudes towards driving aggression, vehicle preferences, and a disposition towards anger. Texting and eating while driving were the most common types of dangerous driving. The strongest predictors of dangerous driving were commuting distance, permissive attitudes towards distracted driving, vehicle preferences, and vehicle type. Implications and suggestions for future research are discussed.

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Recreational physical activity context and type preferences among male and female Emirati university students

International Health ◽

10.1093/inthealth/ihz002 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 507-512 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

C B Doyle ◽

A Khan ◽

N W Burton

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

University Students ◽

United Arab Emirates ◽

Online Survey ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Future Research ◽

Recreational Physical Activity ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Activity Types ◽

Competitive Activities

Abstract Background This study assessed recreational physical activity type and context preferences of Emirati university students. Method This was a cross-sectional study in which a stratified random sample (n=628) (female 69.1%, male 30.9% mean age 20.79±3.81 y) completed an online survey. Relationships between gender and preferences were assessed using regression analysis, adjusted for body mass index and age. Results Activities with a fun element were the most preferred context (87.1%). Walking (66.7%) and swimming (61.7%) were the most preferred activity types. Males had significantly higher odds of preferring competitive activities, and activity types such as football, fitness/weights and jogging. Females had significantly higher odds of preferring activities with people of the same gender, with supervision and done at home, and activity types such as walking, aerobics, cycling, squash and yoga. Conclusion These results can inform physical activity planning for university students in the United Arab Emirates. Fun activity opportunities involving walking or swimming and in the local neighbourhood may be popular for both males and females. Future research could explore uptake and maintenance of activity options, based on preferred activity attributes.

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The Relationship between Objectively Measured and Self-Reported Sedentary Behaviours and Social Connectedness among Adolescents

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16020277 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 277 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Lauren Arundell ◽

Jo Salmon ◽

Jenny Veitch ◽

Anna Timperio

Keyword(s):

Video Games ◽

Screen Time ◽

Social Connectedness ◽

Online Survey ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Sitting Time ◽

Future Research ◽

Contributing Factors ◽

Time Specific ◽

Objectively Measured

Adolescents spend significant amounts of time engaged in various types of sedentary behaviour (SB). This study examined associations between adolescents’ objectively measured sedentary time, sitting time, specific self-reported SBs and social connectedness. Adolescents (n = 429, 15.5 years, 41% male) completed an online survey reporting time in seven SBs (TV/videos/DVDs, computer/video games, internet, homework, reading, car and bus travel; examined individually and summed for screen time and total SB), and social connectedness using the eight-item Social Connectedness Scale. A subsample (n = 353) also wore an ActiGraph GT3X+ (model GT3X+, Pensacola, FL, USA) accelerometer to measure sedentary time (<100 cpm) and n = 237 wore an activPAL (PAL Technologies Ltd., Glasgow, Scotland) inclinometer to measure sitting time. Multiple linear mixed models determined associations between each SB variable and social connectedness, adjusting for confounders. Adolescents spent on average 7.8 h/day in self-reported total SB, 4.4 h/day in screen time, 9.1 h/day in ActiGraph-measured sedentary time, and 9.5 h/day in activPAL-measured sitting time. After adjusting for age, sex and area level socioeconomic status, total SB (−0.24, 95%CI: −0.37, −0.11), screen time (−0.23, 95%CI: −0.41, −0.05) and two individual SBs (computer/video games (−1.07, 95%CI: −1.53, −0.60), homework (−0.61, 95%CI: –1.04, −0.18) were negatively associated with social connectedness. There were no associations with the objective measures. The relationships may be bi-directional; therefore, future research should involve longitudinal designs and explore other potential contributing factors.

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Does participation in case competitions improve career decision-making self-efficacy of university students?

Education + Training ◽

10.1108/et-01-2020-0021 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 62 (6) ◽

pp. 659-675

Author(s):

Maria S. Plakhotnik ◽

Anastasiia V. Krylova ◽

Anna D. Maslikova

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

University Students ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Online Survey ◽

Short Form ◽

Career Decision ◽

Future Research ◽

Career Decision Making ◽

Content Type ◽

Significant Difference

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between participation in case competitions and career decision-making self-efficacy (CDMSE) of university students.Design/methodology/approachThe sample included 273 Russian university students; 109 (40%) of them had never participated in case competitions, whereas 164 (60%) participated at least once in case competitions related to business, management and economics. Data were collected via an online survey that included the CDMSE scale–short form. Descriptive, correlation and linear regression analyses of data were conducted to test five hypotheses.FindingsThe research study showed a significant difference in CDMSE between those who had never participated in case competitions and those who had participated at least once. However, the study did not show a significant influence of participation in case competitions on the level of CDMSE. The results also indicated that the level of CDMSE could be explained by the participants' work experience, career choice status and age, as well as the highest level achieved during participation in case competitions.Research limitations/implicationsThe study provides limitations and implications for future research as well as practice, including career centers and career counselors, university faculty, organizers of case competitions and recruitment specialists in organizations.Originality/valuePrior research suggests that participation in case competitions helps students’ transition into the workplace. Despite their global popularity, empirical research on case competitions is very limited and focused primarily on skill development. This study contributes to the knowledge base by exploring links between case participation and CDMSE.

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The mobile application preferences of undergraduate university students: A longitudinal study

SA Journal of Information Management ◽

10.4102/sajim.v17i1.650 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Andrea Potgieter

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Mobile Application ◽

Online Survey ◽

Research Problem ◽

Future Research ◽

Security Threats ◽

Smartphone Apps ◽

Undergraduate University Students ◽

Data Collection Instrument ◽

Research Recommendations

Background: Smartphones and similar mobile devices have changed the way individuals interact with technology and with each other. The app preferences of smartphone users are vitally important to those seeking to understand the motivation behind app downloads and usage.Objective: The research problem of this article is centred on the preferences for smartphone apps by the growing market of smartphone users in South Africa. The study includes a demographic profile of the users to establish what attracts this market into downloading smartphone apps.Methodology: The study employed a mono-method, quantitative methodological framework with an online survey as the data collection instrument. The survey was conducted amongst undergraduate university students in 2013 and repeated again in 2014. Results: It was found that the ‘young adult’ demographic, of which the sample of undergraduate university students formed a part, was discerning about which apps they downloaded and that the frequency of downloads occurred less than once a month in most cases. Information and entertainment needs were amongst the top reasons users indicated as motivations for downloading apps. Conclusion: The study’s findings confirmed that the sample had definite preferences regarding which apps the users were downloading, and these preferences depended on the needs that they wished to fulfil. The study also revealed that, even though users were aware of security threats associated with downloading apps, this knowledge did not deter them from continuing to download apps. Future research recommendations also arose from the study, giving direction to prospective studies.

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THE INFLUENCE OF ENTREPRENEURIAL MOTIVATION AND FAMILY ENVIRONMENT TO THE PUBLIC UNIVERSITY STUDENT’S TOWARD ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTION

Jurnal Ecogen ◽

10.24036/jmpe.v2i1.6136 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 78

Author(s):

Muhammad Nuzul Ragil Fadillah ◽

Thamrin Thamrin

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Family Environment ◽

Online Survey ◽

Total Sample ◽

Entrepreneurial Intention ◽

Public University ◽

Future Research ◽

Entrepreneurial Motivation ◽

The Public ◽

The Future

The purpose of this research are to analyze : (1) The effect of entrepreneurial motivation on entrepreneurial intention public university student’s in Padang (2) The effect of family environment on entrepreneurial intention public university student’s in Padang. The type of this research is causative research. The population on this research is all of public university student’s in padang . The total sample of this research was 150 persons with online survey. The result of research shows that (1) Entrepreneurial Motivation has significant effect on Entrepreneurial Intention Public University Student’s in Padang (2) Family Environment has significant effect on Entrepreneurial Intention Public University Students in Padang. Entrepreneurial motivation and family environment have significant effect on entrepreneurial intention. For the future research is better to explore more about variable that can inluence entrepreneurial intention.Keyword : Entrepreneurial Motivation, Family Environment and Entrepreneurial Intention

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Confidence to manage menstruation among university students in Australia: Evidence from a cross-sectional survey

Women s Health ◽

10.1177/17455065211070666 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 18 ◽

pp. 174550652110706

Author(s):

Alana K Munro ◽

Melanie Keep ◽

Erin C Hunter ◽

Syeda Z Hossain

Keyword(s):

Environmental Factors ◽

University Students ◽

Online Survey ◽

Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽

Future Research ◽

Perceived Stigma ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Menstrual Symptoms ◽

Negative Perceptions ◽

Menstrual Products

Objectives: There has been increased attention to university students’ experiences of menstrual disorders, and access to menstrual products, in high-income countries. Less attention has been directed to other aspects of their menstrual experience, including confidence for menstrual management. This study aimed to understand the factors affecting university students’ confidence to manage menstruation at university. Methods: An online survey was completed by 410 participants (age range: 16–46 years, mean = 20.1 years) who menstruate and study at an Australian university. Participants reported demographic characteristics, confidence to manage menstruation at university, and personal, physical and environmental factors. A Mann–Whitney U-test analysed differences in confidence between groups of students. Pearson’s correlation coefficient and bivariate linear regressions determined associations between factors and confidence. Statistically significant associations were inputted into a multiple linear regression model. P-values less than 0.05 were considered significant. Results: A minority of students (16.2%) felt completely confident to manage their menstruation at university. Menstrual knowledge, positive perceptions of menstruation and comfort to discuss menstruation with others positively predicted confidence. Physical menstrual symptoms, negative perceptions of menstruation, perceived stigma and using a menstrual cup or period underwear predicted lower confidence. In multiple regression, private and clean and sanitary university bathroom facilities, changing menstrual products at university, perceived stigma and negative perceptions of menstruation remained significant predictors. Conclusion: Most students did not have complete confidence to manage their menstruation at university. Several personal, physical and environmental factors were related to students’ confidence to manage menstruation. Assessment of these factors in future research with university students is recommended to enable a comprehensive understanding of their menstrual needs, and inform interventions aimed at improving their menstrual management confidence at university.

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PATIENT SATISFACTION WITH TELECONSULTATION DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY FOR MENTAL HEALTH CARE IN MALAYSIA

Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine ◽

10.37268/mjphm/vol.21/no.2/art.971 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 243-251

Author(s):

Elza Othman ◽

Vincent Giampietro ◽

Mahadzirah Mohamad

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Health Care ◽

Patient Satisfaction ◽

Mental Health Care ◽

Health Care Providers ◽

Online Survey ◽

Future Research ◽

Care Providers ◽

Contributing Factors ◽

Level Of Satisfaction

The recent novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has led health care providers to shift rapidly from on-site consultation towards teleconsultation. However, knowledge about patient satisfaction with teleconsultation, particularly for mental health care, is limited and demands further investigation. This study aimed to evaluate patient satisfaction with teleconsultation in mental health care during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study also aimed to identify the leading contributing factors to patient satisfaction with teleconsultation. A convenience sampling method was employed. An online survey was conducted between June 8 and August 3, 2020. A 14-item questionnaire was used to assess the patient's level of satisfaction in four domains of satisfaction. A total of 106 questionnaires were received. Respondents reported a high level of satisfaction with teleconsultation. The convenience of not having to travel to the health center for consultation was the leading contributing factor to patient satisfaction with teleconsultation. However, patients reported that they were least satisfied with teleconsultation because they could not express their feelings deeply to the provider. The current study provides preliminary evidence that teleconsultation may be a satisfactory mode of communication during the COVID-19 pandemic for mental health care in Malaysia. Most importantly, consultation in mental health care should carry on to be performed remotely to prevent the spread of infectious disease. Future research is warranted to provide a better understanding of other factors contributing to patient satisfaction with teleconsultation and ways to improve them.

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Acceptability of the COVID-19 Vaccine and Its Determinants among University Students in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Vaccines ◽

10.3390/vaccines9090943 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 943

Author(s):

Mohammed J. Almalki ◽

Amani A. Alotaibi ◽

Salman H. Alabdali ◽

Ayman A. Zaalah ◽

Mohsen W. Maghfuri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

University Students ◽

Online Survey ◽

Public Awareness ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Vaccine Hesitancy ◽

Future Research ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Final Sample ◽

To Receive

COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy is a significant threat to the efforts that have been taken to combat the pandemic. This study assessed the acceptability of the COVID-19 vaccine among university students in Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional online survey using a Google Form was conducted between 2 April and 23 April 2021. A snowball technique was used to recruit participants for this study. The final sample consisted of 407 participants. More than one-third of the participants (36.1%) had received the COVID-19 vaccine, and 13.3% had registered to receive the vaccine. Of the participants who were not yet vaccinated (n = 260), 90.4% indicated that they would like to be vaccinated when given the opportunity. Of the unvaccinated participants, 82.3% trusted the COVID-19 vaccines that had been provided in Saudi Arabia. The most reported reasons for the participants’ acceptance to receive the COVID-19 vaccine included preventive purposes (95.8%), a belief in the safety of the vaccines (84.3%), and the availability of public awareness information regarding the vaccines (77.3%). A small portion of participants (6.1%) were refusing to receive the vaccine due to the potential long-term side effects (92.0%) and expedited vaccine trials (80.0%). Acceptability of the COVID-19 vaccine was strongly associated with participants who regularly received the flu vaccine (p < 0.05). All other demographic variables were not statistically associated with the acceptability of the COVID-19 vaccine. In conclusion, it would be appropriate for universities to launch peer programs to urge reluctant students to receive the vaccine voluntarily. In terms of further research, it is valuable to follow up with unvaccinated participants to investigate if they received the vaccine since the data were collected, and their reasons for doing so. This research would reveal changes toward vaccine acceptability over time and any related determinants. Future research should consider students from non-Arabic speaking backgrounds.

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Dehumanisation and attitudes toward the punishment and rehabilitation of child sex offenders: A New Zealand study

10.26686/wgtn.17013125 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

◽

Charis Elizabeth Lister Dixson

Keyword(s):

Sex Offenders ◽

University Students ◽

Online Survey ◽

Sex Offender ◽

Future Research ◽

Offender Rehabilitation ◽

Human Beings ◽

Policy And Practice ◽

Negative Attitudes ◽

The Public

<p>Child sex offenders are a group often regarded as dangerous and high risk, leading to increased support for offender registration policies which monitor the whereabouts of offenders after release. These policies have the intended aim of increasing public safety, however a wide body of research supports the idea that negative attitudes towards offenders underlie the creation of these policies more than empirical evidence of their success. Dehumanisation is a psychological process that deprives others of characteristics unique to both human beings and human nature, which has been established to predict increased support for punishment and decreased support for rehabilitation for child sex offenders. The current study aimed to examine the role of dehumanisation in support for punishment and rehabilitation of child sex offenders throughout two studies: first via the undertaking of an online survey using a sample of 228 university students and members of the public, second throughout three focus groups containing a total of 22 university students and members of the public. Dehumanising attitudes in relation to preference between the RNR and GLM models, two key frameworks for child sex offender rehabilitation, were also examined for the first time in the current study. Findings indicated that: 1) both moral outrage and dehumanisation predicted support for harsher forms of punishment and withdrawn support for rehabilitation, 2) victim age did not impact dehumanisation scores, 3) type of offense impacted both dehumanisation and support for post-release monitoring and 4) dehumanisation did not predict RNR over GLM preference. Limitations of the current study and implications for policy and practice, future research regarding uniquely human characteristics, victim age and RNR/GLM preference are discussed.</p>

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Factors related to emigration self-efficacy among university students in Slovakia

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckz186.053 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽

Author(s):

B Hajduch ◽

O Orosová

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Online Survey ◽

Future Research ◽

Personality Factors ◽

Unique Contribution ◽

Moderation Effect ◽

Independent Variables ◽

Migration Experience ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Background Emigration self-efficacy (ESE) as the confidence in onés ability to successfully handle migration is an important characteristic of a migrant. We hypothesized that positive migration experience might increase ESE. We also explored whether personality factors such as extraversion, openness to experience, neuroticism, conscientiousness and agreeableness might be related to the ESE of young people (under 30 years old) in Slovakia. The moderation effect of gender in the relationship between the independent variables and ESE was also tested. Methods The sample consisted of 474 students from Slovakia (76.8% women, M = 22.4, SD = 2.13) all participating in the Student Life Cohort Study (SLiCE 2016) which focuses on the emigration intentions and risk behaviour of university students. The data were collected via an online survey. Standard multiple regression was used and the analysis was adjusted for gender. Results The model explained 23.1% of the variance in ESE. An evaluation of migration experience was found to make the largest unique contribution in explaining ESE (β = 0.317, pα<0.001). Regarding personality factors, only neuroticism was found to be significantly related to ESE (β=-0.155, pα<0.05). The main effect of gender was also significant (β=-0.179, pα<0.001) with males scoring higher in ESE although the moderation effect of gender in the relationship between the independent variables and ESE was not significant. Conclusions This study provides an insight into the role of personality factors and evaluation of migration experience in relation to ESE among Slovak university students. Future research may focus on a deeper exploration of the other factors affecting neuroticism, as reducing the level of neuroticism could be beneficial in experiencing healthier and safer migration and adaptation process. Key messages A more positive migration experience and lower level of neuroticism are related to emigration self-efficacy among university students in Slovakia. Emigration self-efficacy is an important factor of healthy migration.

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