scholarly journals Predisposing Factors to Drug Abuse Among In-School Adolescents in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 180-191
Author(s):  
Lydia Akunna Agubosi
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Peer Influence ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Predisposing Factors ◽  
Measurement Design ◽  
The Government ◽  
Multistage Sampling

Drug abuse among in-school adolescents is a problem which the government of Nigeria and indeed some other countries are yet to find a lasting solution to. Drug abuse among school children can disrupt the smooth running of teaching and learning in school. One of the ways of solving the problem is by trying to find out what leads in-school adolescents into the act. The objectives of this study were to examine the predisposing factors to drug abuse among in-school adolescents in Kwara State and to examine the influence of the variables of gender, age, religion and level of study on the respondents’ response on the predisposing factors. A descriptive research design was adopted for the study. The population for the study comprised of the adolescents in secondary school and university. A sample of 403 students were selected through a multistage sampling procedure in order to participate in the study. Data was collected via a questionnaire titled ‘Predisposing Factors to Drug Abuse (PFDA)’. The questionnaire was validated by experts in test and measurement design. It has a reliability coefficient of 0.68 which adjudged the instrument to be reliable. Data was analysed with mean, rank order, t-test and analysis of variance. Hypotheses were tested at a 0.05 level of significance. Findings showed that the factors that predispose in-school adolescents to drug abuse were: peer influence, depression, lack of good parental care, low self-esteem, poor academic performance, among other factors. Findings further revealed that age, gender, religion and level of education did not make the respondents differ in their responses on the predisposing factors to drug abuse among in-school adolescents. It is recommended that counsellors, parents and stake holders in education should initiate a serious campaign regarding sensitization against drug abuse. It is also recommended that academic programs should be learner-centred.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF COST AND RETURNS IN RICE PRODUCTION BY USAID-MARKETS II PROJECT PARTICIPANTS AND NON-PARTICIPANTS IN EBONYI STATE, NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Ogechi Cordelia Nwahia
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
International Agencies ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Project Participants ◽  
The Government

This research work focused on analysis of cost and returns in rice production by USAID-MARKETS II project participants and non-participants in Ebonyi state, Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling procedure was employed to select 239 participants, and 252 non- participants for the study. Data were collected from primary source, and analyzed using Z statistic, Net Farm Income (NFI) and Returns Per Naira Invested (RNI). The result reveals that the Net Farm Income (NFI) obtained by USAID-MARKETS II project participants, and non-participants were N493, 067.55/ha, and N353, 408. 12/ha respectively while the return on investment obtained by them were N3.28k, and N3.05k respectively. There was a significant difference between the profits obtained by them. Therefore, this study recommended that the teaming unemployed Nigerian youth should be encourage by the government, and international agencies through provision of grant/loan to take up rice farming as a business.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF PROFITABILITY OF SESAME PRODUCTION IN YOBE STATE, NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-69
Author(s):  
Samuel E. Jonah ◽  
Baba G. Shettima ◽  
Abba S. S. Umar ◽  
Enan Timothy
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Extension Services ◽  
Socioeconomic Characteristics ◽  
Average Return ◽  
The Government ◽  
Multistage Sampling ◽  
The Right

Purpose: The study examined the profitability of sesame (Sesanum indicum) production in Yobe State, Nigeria. Methodology: One hundred and eighty (180) sesame farmers were sampled from 12 villages spread across three Local Government Areas in Yobe State using multistage sampling procedure.  The descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentages and mean were used to describe the socioeconomic characteristics of farmers and constraints associated with sesame production. The inferential statistics employed was the Gross margin (GM) which was used to estimate the profitability of sesame production. Findings: The result of socioeconomic characteristics revealed that majority (77.77%) of the respondents were aged between 21-60 years old and all (100%) of the respondents had one form of education or the other. The result of profitability of sesame production revealed that the gross margin (GM) was  N157,519.00 and the average return per Naira invested was N2.07. Some of the major constraints faced by farmers in sesame production are inadequate fund (88.7%), inadequate extension services (72.0%), problem of pest and disease (66.1%) among others. Recommendations: the study recommended that strategies to improve profitability should focus on improved farmer access to institutional credits and improved infrastructural facilities such as access roads for easy linkage to markets. Also, In order to cope with the problem of inadequate and high cost of seed, the government and research institute should make improved seed available at the right time and also at subsidies rate to the farmers. Keywords: sesame production, profitability, constraints, gross margin, Yobe State

scholarly journals Perceived resilience capacity of rice farmers to climate change in Ebonyi State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 8-16
Author(s):  
Cynthia Ebere Nwobodo ◽  
Love Ginikachukwu Eze ◽  
Violet Amarachukwu Ohagwu ◽  
Benedict Onyebuchi Unagwu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Multistage Sampling ◽  
Resilience Capacity

The study determined rice farmers’ perceived resilience capacity to climate change in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Multistage sampling procedure was employed in selecting 104 respondents for the study. Data were collected using semi-structured interview schedule. Percentage, mean and standard deviation were used in presentation of results. Results showed that areas of rice farmers’ resilience capacity to climate change were: planting improved varieties of seed ( x̄ =4.76), utilisation of soil that retains water longer ( x̄ =3.33), access to very fertile soil for rice production ( x̄ =3.28) and good amount of solar radiation ( x̄ =3.21). However, areas in which respondents’ did not perceive as sources of resilience capacity were: favourable government policies ( x̄ =2.37), good marketing policies ( x̄ =2.57), and access to insurance ( x̄ =2.84). Policies such as crop insurance, appropriate marketing and infrastructural policies that help rice farmers cope with negative effects of climate change be enacted and implemented. Such policies should address issues of marketing and insurance of rice farms against disasters such as flood, drought, diseases and pests’ infestation. Keywords: Resilience capacity, climate change, adaptation strategies, rice

scholarly journals Contribution of Home Gardening to Household Dietary Intake among Peri-urban Households of Imo State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
N. Akwiwu, Uzoamaka ◽  
N. Obichere, Chinwe
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Home Garden ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Urban Households ◽  
Imo State ◽  
Home Gardening ◽  
Multistage Sampling

Rapid urbanization, industralization, land grabbing and dwindling land resources is fast eroding the practice of home gardening in peri-urban areas. This has altered the dietary intake pattern of peri-urban households who hitherto could augment their meals from products of gardens around their homes. The study assessed home gardening contribution to dietary intake among households in peri-urban areas of Imo State. Specifically, the study sought to ascertain the types of home gardening practiced, the contribution of home garden to the household dietary intake and identify the constraints of peri-urban households in practicing home gardening. Multistage sampling procedure was adopted in the selection of sample. Okigwe, Orlu and Owerri-West Local Government Areas (LGAs) were purposively selected from each of the agricultural zones in Imo State for their peri-urban nature. Four communities were purposively selected from the three LGAs were home gardening was mostly practiced. A survey was conducted to find out households which practiced home gardening. Ten households each were then randomly selected from these communities, making a total of one hundred and twenty (120) respondents for the study. Data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics (mean, frequency and percentage). The result showed that majority (54.2%) of the respondents practiced mixed crop home gardening while 43.3% practiced mixed farm home gardening. The level of contribution of home gardening to dietary intake among households was (53.3%). A fairly high number (47.5%) of peri-urban households expressed experiencing high constraints to practicing home gardening. It is recommended that peri-urban households should be educated on other methods of  home gardening where land is in limited supply to improve household dietary intake.

scholarly journals Determinants of catfish farmers’ use of sustainable environmental management practices in Enugu State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chukwuone Nnaemeka Andegebe ◽  
Onyia Chukwuemeka Chiebonam ◽  
Aniokoh Chukwuebuka David
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Extension Agents ◽  
Probit Regression ◽  
Environmental Management Practices ◽  
Production Cycles ◽  
Enugu State ◽  
Multistage Sampling

The study assessed the use of sustainable environmental management practices (SEMP) by fish farmers in Enugu state, Nigeria. Seventy-five catfish farmers selected through multistage sampling procedure were used for the study. Data were obtained with the aid of a well-structured questionnaire. Analysis of data was done using descriptive statistics, probit regression model and factor analysis. Results showed that most of the catfish farmers did not apply SEMP as only 25.33% of them had a score of 50% and above regarding the application of SEMP. The number of years spent in school and being a male significantly increased the likelihood of using SEMP. In contrast, the likelihood of use of SEMP significantly reduced with an increase in the number of production cycles carried out by a fish farmer. The fish farmers' constraints were grouped as poor technical knowledge and feed issues, financial uncertainties, and water supply problems. Government should deliver training packages and provide information on SEMP to catfish farmers through different media, including extension agents, radio and television messages, handbills and billboards. Supporting the farmers with credit facilities through existing credit programmes would help reduce their challenges in applying SEMP.

scholarly journals Farmers’ Willingness to Cultivate Pro-vitamin-A Cassava Variety in Kwara State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 72-84
Author(s):  
Jelili Yusuf Olayinka ◽  
Yusuf Ambali Olatunji ◽  
Latifat Abdulrahman Ololade ◽  
Oluwafemi Lawal Oluwatosin ◽  
Ibrahim Folorunsho Ayanda
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Nutritional Education ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
High Knowledge ◽  
Female Farmers ◽  
Multistage Sampling ◽  
Cassava Varieties

The study examined factors underlying farmers’ perception about pro-vitamin-A cassava varieties and their willingness to cultivate them in Kwara State, Nigeria. One hundred and twenty-two (122) cassava farmers, selected through a multistage sampling procedure, were used for the study. Data were collected through the use of interview schedule and analysed using percentages, mean and standard deviation. Chi-square, likelihood ratio and factor (principal component) analysis were used for inferential deduction. Results showed that about half (50.8%) of the respondents had high knowledge about the improved cassava variety and a vast majority (93.4%) expressed willingness to cultivate it. Sex (χ2 = 3.542) and knowledge level (χ2 = 15.732) had significant association with willingness to cultivate at p≤0.05, with female farmers found to be about 3 times more likely willing to cultivate than male. Also, farmers with more knowledge were found to be about 6 times more likely willing to cultivate pro-vitamin-A than those with little knowledge. Three crucial factors (‘ethno-based preference’, ‘culturally induced personal preference’ and ‘colour dislike’) were found to be associated with farmers’ perception about the cassava variety. Farmers in Kwara State were willing to cultivate the pro-vitamin-A cassava variety. Women and those who had more knowledge were more willing to cultivate the variety than men and those with little knowledge, respectively. Factors underlying farmers’ perception about the variety were linked to ethno-cultural background and dislike for yellow root cassava. The need for more female integration and increased nutritional education in the drive towards popularisation of pro-vitamin-A cassava variety are thus recommended. Key words: Pro-vitamin-A cassava, willingness to cultivate, nutritional education

One Health Approach (OHA) in Selected Urban Settings in Tanzania: Knowledge, Attitudes, Awareness, and Practices

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 64-74
Author(s):  
M.I. Muhanga ◽  
J.R.S. Malungo ◽  
K.A. Kimario
Keyword(s):  
Information Dissemination ◽  
One Health ◽  
Strategic Plan ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Optimal Health ◽  
The Government ◽  
Multistage Sampling

Attainment of optimal health calls for collaboration between animals, humans, and environmental health professionals together with understanding the consequences of animals, humans, and environment interactions on health. In cognizant of this, the government in Tanzania introduced One Health Strategic Plan (2015–2020), little is empirically known on how this plan has facilitated the enhancement of knowledge, awareness, attitudes, and practices (KAPs) under One Health Approach (OHA). This article analyses KAPs under OHA from a cross-sectional study conducted in Morogoro, Tanzania. Data were collected by a questionnaire from 1440 respondents obtained through a multistage sampling procedure, 80 Focus Group discussions (FGDs) participants and 16 key informant interviewees. IBM-SPSS v.20 analysed quantitative data while qualitative data were organised into themes on specific objectives. Results revealed that only 32.3% (95% CI:30.3 to 35.3) had adequate OH knowledge. Only 5% (95% CI:4.0 to 6.1) were aware of OHA concept and practices; 3.8% (CI 95%, 2.8 to 4.8) managed to identify collaborative efforts and strategies, and 2.5% (CI 95%, 1.7 to 3.4) correctly explained/ described OHA. Whereas, 38.5% (95% CI:32.6 to 37.5) had a positive (favourable) attitude towards OHA. Despite the efforts outlined in the OH Strategic Plan to promote OHA, there is little awareness and knowledge on OHA. This indicates that the One Health Strategic Plan (2015–2020) and other initiatives have not significantly facilitated the enhancement of KAPs. This study recommends strengthening efforts towards OHA information dissemination to enhance awareness and knowledge on the concept and practices.

scholarly journals Fulani Herdsmen and Grazing Activities in Southwestern Nigeria: Yoruba Farm Youths’ Perception Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
D.O. Torimiro
Keyword(s):  
Structured Interview ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Conflict Situations ◽  
Negative Perceptions ◽  
The Government ◽  
Multistage Sampling ◽  
Perception Analysis

ABSTRACT This paper analyses Yoruba farm youths’ perceptions of conflict arising from Fulani herdsmen’s grazing activities in three of the six southwestern Nigerian states. A multistage sampling procedure was used to select 360 respondents using a pretested and validated structured interview schedule to elicit information. Descriptive statistics such as frequency counts and percentages were used to summarise the data while inferential statistics were used to validate the hypotheses of the study. The study revealed a high (98.0%) occurrence of Fulani herdsmen’s grazing activities with grazing on crops (mean =4.74) ranked 1st among surveyed occurrences. Overall, the farm youth negatively perceived the grazing activities of Fulani herders. At p d” 0.01 and 0.05, age (r = 0.28), number of children (r = 0.303) and farm experience (r = 0.478) show positive and significant correlations with youth’s perceptions of Fulani herdsmen’s grazing activities, while at p d” 0.05, household size (r = -1.18), farm size (r = - 0.126) and income (r = -0.103) had a negative but significant correlation with the youths’ perceptions. In conclusion, the Yoruba farm youth had negative perceptions about Fulani herdsmen’s grazing activities. It is recommended that the government needs to enact relevant legislations to guide the grazing of cattle and establish functional grazing reserves to enhance meeting herders’ needs and alleviating conflict situations between farmers and the herders.

scholarly journals Farmers' Perception on the influence of Inter-communal Conflicts on Agricultural Production in Shaare/Tsaragi Communities, Kwara State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Issa Zubair Busari ◽  
Felix Olayinka Oladipo ◽  
Abdulrasaq Kamal Daudu ◽  
Olawale Samson Selesi
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Personal Property ◽  
Agricultural Produce ◽  
Continuum Scale ◽  
The Government ◽  
Schedule Technique

Rural communities which produce the bulk of agricultural produce in Nigeria have been plagued by several inter communal conflicts. One of such conflicts is Share /Tsaragi inter-communal conflicts. The objective of the study was to assess perceptions of farmers on the influence of inter-communal conflicts on the agricultural production in Share and Tsaragi communities in Edu and Ifelodun Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Kwara State, Nigeria. Methododology. A three-stage random sampling procedure was used to select one hundred and twenty (120) respondents for the study.  Data were collected through the use of interview schedule technique. A likert-type five point continuum scale was used to rank farmers perceptions with five (5) as the most and one (1) as the worst check. Results The results showed that 68% of the respondents were above forty (40) years of age and 70% have resided in the communities for more than ten (10) years. Respondents perceived that conflict of resource which bordered on boundary issue, claim of ownership of fertile land at Fejewe area, conversion of leased land to personal property among others are causes of the conflicts within the two communities. The results equally revealed the perceptions of respondents on the effects of conflicts in the area to include scarcity of arable land, displacement of farmers, destruction of lands and crops, scarcity of food and destruction of stored produce among others. The study showed relationship between selected socio-economic characteristics and perception. Conclusion. The study concludes that there should be clear delineation of the boundary within the two communities, lift of ban on some arable lands seized by the government and promotion of other secondary occupation to relieve pressure on the land.

scholarly journals Efficiency of Vegetable Marketing in Peri-Urban Areas of Ogun State, Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Uche Isitor ◽  
Abiodun Olanrewaju Otunaiya ◽  
Joel Oluwaseyi Iyanda
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
Profit Maximization ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Marketing Efficiency ◽  
Indigenous Vegetables ◽  
Multistage Sampling

<p>Against the backdrop evidenced in the substantial wastage, deterioration in quality, and frequent mismatch between demand and supply of vegetables spatially and overtime; this study examined the efficiency of vegetable marketing in Ifo and Ado-Odo L.G.As of Ogun State, Nigeria. Primary data were employed for the study. Data were collected from 120 respondents with the aid of structured questionnaire using multistage sampling procedure. Analytical tools used included, Descriptive statistics, budgetary and marketing efficiency analyses. The study revealed that women (78.3%) were the major players in the enterprise and most had basic education with majority having business experience of more than five years. However, they relied on their personal savings to run their enterprise. Indigenous vegetable marketing was found to be profitable and efficient as indicated by the positive net margin of N29,180.05. As an indication of the profit maximization motive of the marketers, various marketing efficiency scores were computed for the selected indigenous vegetables. The scores are 10.85%, 3.88%, 5.27%, 2.54%, 5.32%, and 2.46% for ugu, tomato, okra, amaranthus, celocia and chocorus, respectively. It is recommended that extension trainings on preservation of indigenous vegetables should be conducted and accessible funds should be made available to these marketers, to forestall the problem of spoilage and lack of funds, as these constituted major drawbacks on marketing efficiency in the study areas.</p>

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