scholarly journals RIDING HORSE BREEDING SYSTEM IN THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu. I. German
Keyword(s):  
Breeding System ◽  
Horse Breeding ◽  
The Republic

scholarly journals Analysis of horse breeding and equestrian sports in the Republic of Croatia

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 415-429
Author(s):  
M. Baban ◽  
M. Sakac ◽  
N. Korabi ◽  
B. Antunovic ◽  
P. Mijic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transitional Period ◽  
Therapeutic Riding ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Horse Breeding ◽  
Equestrian Sports ◽  
Central Register ◽  
Total Proportion ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Show Jumping

Horse breeding in the Republic of Croatia, before its entrance into European Union, is in the transitional period. In the breeding sense, Croatian horse breeding is set according to the model of European countries and is trying to counteract with ?modern horse breeding countries?. Croatian Center for Horse Breeding - Djakovo and Lipik State Stud Farms (CCHB), with the Central register of equidae is, as the head national institution, responsible for running and maintaining national central equidae database (49 registers of horses and 27 registers of breeding types). Croatia has registered total of 21.796 equidae, from which 19.306 animals are horses. Registered horses according to groups make the total proportion of 37% warmblood horses, 59% coldblood horses and 4% ponies. Horse breeders are organized in breeders associations, which form federations of associations referring to separate horse breeds. Currently in Croatia there are four federations of breeders associations (with 43 associations and 11 private stud farms). Those verified breeding organizations are conducting independently breeding programs and fully maintain breeding and selection obligations for horse breeds for which they have approval of the Croatian Ministry. Native breeds in Croatia are Croatian Coldblood, Croatian Posavac and Medjimurje horse (Murinsulaner), while Lipizzan horse is considered as protected breed. Development of horse breeding is considerably supported with national subsidies. Internationally verified breeds which are bred in Croatia are Lipizzan horse, Pure Arabian horses, Thoroughbred, Haflinger and Gidran horses. The horse breeding in Croatia is developing in four different directions. Ecological breeding implies native horse breeds and is spread on the areas of protected nature resorts in Croatia. Croatians are through their history connected to horse breeding, which is even today irreplaceable in traditional cultural manifestations (Djakovacki vezovi, Vinkovacke jeseni, Sinjska alka, etc.), various horse shows and fairs and also in more ?modern? ways through recreation and entertainment. The third direction of development of horse breeding in Croatia is therapeutic riding, which includes 26 associations, over one hundred horses and over one thousand users organized under the Therapeutic Riding Association of Croatia. Sports horse breeding represents fourth direction in Croatian horse breeding. It is formed by four federations: Croatian Trotting Federation (trotting), Croatian Gallop Federation (gallop sport) and Croatian Equestrian Federation (endurance, dressage, military, show jumping, driving). Croatian Equestrian Federation includes 49 equestrian clubs. In the last four years between 455 and 582 competitors and between 495 and 581 horses (for show jumping 45%, dressage 31%, endurance 19%, driving 5% and military) were licensed annually. Croatia achieved noticeable results on the international scene in driving sports and in Paralympics. In all mentioned directions of Croatian horse breeding, the tendency should be directed to achieving higher breeding standards (nutrition, stabling, transport, training) and more rational using of horses. Such breeding and using of horses will lead to top bred horses and successful sport horses. This implies synchronized work through long period of time, respecting institutional and breeding rules.

Influence of zeolite and zeolite-sapropel feed additives on the milk productivity of mares and the quality of kumiss under the conditions of Central Yakutia

2021 ◽  
pp. 57-70
Author(s):  
V. V. Pankratov ◽  
A. A. Sidorov
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Central Yakutia ◽  
Horse Breeding ◽  
Economic Experiment ◽  
The Republic

One of the main branches of agriculture in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is productive horse breeding. In this regard, we can use the valuable raw materials that the horse gives due to its high adaptability to local conditions. The development of productive horse breeding in particular dairy horse breeding under the conditions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) would allow providing the population with natural, dietary food and more efficient use of land resources. The purpose of the work is to study the effect of zeolite and zeolite-sapropel feed additives in the ration of mares of Megezhek breed on the milk productivity and quality of kumiss under the conditions of Central Yakutia. Two scientific and economic experiments have been carried out where the influence of zeolite from the Suntar deposit (experiment 1) and zeolite-sapropel feed additives (experiment 2) on the milk productivity and physiological parameters of mares of Megezhek breed has been studied. The optimal doses of the effect of zeolite and zeolite-sapropel feed additives on the profi tability of kumiss production have been determined. It has been found in the first scientific and economic experiment that when adding 0,4 g of zeolite per 1 kg of live weight to the daily ration of lactating mares the level of profi tability of milk production increased to 20,4 %, and when adding 0,5 g per 1 kg of live weight the profi tability index increased to 21,5 %, compared to 13,7 % in the control group. In the second scientific and economic experiment the infl uence of the zeolite-sapropel feed additive on the intensity of digestion and assimilation of nutrients in the mares’ rations has been determined. The analysis of the experimental data indicates a high economic efficiency of using zeolite-sapropel feed additive in the 2nd and 3rd experimental groups of mares, where the level of profi tability of production was equal to 27,34 and 32,33 %, respectively, compared to 16,09 % in the control group.

scholarly journals Associative parasitoses of the gastrointestinal tract of horses and assessment of anti-parasitic drugs efficiency

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-231
Author(s):  
M. P. Sinyakov
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disease ◽  
Differential Diagnostics ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Horse Breeding ◽  
The Republic

Invasive diseases of horses are an urgent problem in the horse breeding industry of the Republic of Belarus, as well as in the near and far abroad countries. The main role among the parasitic pathology is occupied by helminths of the small and large intestine, as well as larvae of gasterophilus. In associative course, they are the cause of significant economic losses associated with the growth and development of sick young animals, reduced performance, endurance of animals, increased susceptibility to other diseases, and even the death of animals. Planned therapeutic and preventive measures using broad-spectrum anthelmintics is a priority measure to reduce economic damage in development of the horse breeding industry. The paper provides data on spread of parasitoses of gastrointestinal tract in horses in the Republic of Belarus during period of 2004-2020. The paper presents the species composition of horse parasites localized in the stomach, small and large intestines. Data on extensiveness and intensity of invasions of horses by parasitocenosis of digestive tract in terms of age are presented. Therapeutic efficiency of antiparasitic drugs of various pharmacological groups in mono- and polyinfestations of gastrointestinal tract of horses are studied. High extensibility of Avermectin series preparations (Avermectin paste 1 %, Rivertin 1 %) has been determined for nematodes of gastrointestinal tract of horses and gastrointestinal disease. High efficiency has been obtained from a new complex antiparasitic preparation for horses “Prazimax” in mono- and polyinfestations caused by parasites of gastrointestinal tract, including nematodes of the small and large intestines, larvae of gasterophilus and Anoplocephala perfoliata cestodes. Data on spread of associative course of parasitocenoses of the digestive tract of horses, age and seasonal dynamics will allow veterinary specialists to make timely diagnosis, conduct differential diagnostics, determine the optimal timing of diagnostic, therapeutic and preventive treatments, taking into account the specifics of parasitocenosis.

scholarly journals Structure and profitability of the noble household according to the estimated descriptions of the State Nobility land bank at the end of XIX century (according to the materials of the Kazan province)

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-41
Author(s):  
Roman V. Fedoseev
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Reform Era ◽  
Livestock Breeding ◽  
Horse Breeding ◽  
National Archives ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Land Bank

Introduction. The study of the processes that took place in the post-reform era in the noble economy is one of the main foundations of the analysis of the capitalist evolution of the agrarian sphere of the late XIX – early XX centuries. After the reform of 1861, the local nobility, adapting to the needs of the time, switched to new forms and methods of management, which led to significant changes in the production structure of their estates. Materials and Methods. The study was carried out on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of the valuables contained in the files of the Kazan branch of the State Noble Land Bank, extracted from the fund of the specified credit institution, located in the vaults of the National Archives of the Republic of Tatarstan. Results. The information contained in the appraisal list makes it possible to successfully consider the structure of estates, their material base, as well as the degree of profitability of the main branches of economic activity. Of course, not all inventories contained detailed information about the pledged property, many of them lacked some elements, in particular, there could be no listing of income and expenses and other valuable information, but in general they revealed the structure, degree of capitalization and profitability of the noble households Kazan province of the period under review. Discussion and Conclusions. As a result, the study showed that, by the end of the 19th century, noble economies were rather large economic complexes with a well-developed material and production base, where labor was most often carried out on the job of civilian workers, or wasp processing, most of the estates had a variety of agricultural machines and inventory, horse breeding was quite developed, livestock breeding was less developed.

scholarly journals Phenotype and Genotype Differences of Meat Type “Tselinny” within Kalmyk Horse Breed

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerii Bolaev ◽  
Lyudmila Moiseikina ◽  
Altana Ubushaeva ◽  
Kermen Bolaeva ◽  
Bolot Turdumatov
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Horse Breed ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Agricultural Industry ◽  
Horse Breeding ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Meat Productivity ◽  
Harsh Conditions ◽  
Meat Type

In the Republic of Kalmykia, the horse breeding segment is reaching up to 6 % of the whole agricultural industry. The number of horses has a tendency to increase. This is determined by the low cost, as well as by environmental friendliness of keeping horses, and horses’ adaptability to harsh conditions. There are four breeding plants on the territory of Kalmykia, which are actively involved in Kalmyk horses breed rearing. Recently a distinct meat-type was isolated within the Kalmyk breed, which was named “Tselinny” meat-type (further Tselinny). The goal of the presented paper is to compare purebred horses with a pool of horses belonging to newly isolated type Tselinny. Genotype of both populations consists of 14 and 15 alleles, as 84.4 % and 78.8 % of horses have these alleles (purebred and Tselinny type respectively). Animal of Tselinny meat-type do not have 16 and 17 alleles, while more than 10 % of purebred horses of the Kalmyk breed have these two alleles in their genotype. The difference in genotype is confirmed by the difference in phenotype: these are differences in size and meat productivity of horses. Both stallions and mares of Tsenilly meat type are bigger and have higher weight. When we come to the meat productivity, the weight of the meat from young animals of Tselinny type was by 21 % (45 kg) higher. Horses belonging to the Tselinny type differ from purebred animals of Kalmyk breed both in genotype and phenotype. At the same time, exemplar of both groups keep features of Kalmyk horse breed. It is important to develop different types within the breed, based on the intended goal of breeding.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF HERITABILITY OF RIDING HORSES IN VARIOUS DISCIPLINES OF EQUESTRIAN SPORT

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
A. N. Rudak
Keyword(s):  
Athletic Performance ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Young Age ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Horse Riding ◽  
Horse Breeding ◽  
Equestrian Sports ◽  
Domestic Livestock ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Efficiency Of Selection

Raising the competitiveness of horses of reared breeds, as well as reaching the European level is impossible without accelerated improvement of their breeding traits based on the modern breeding methods. Joint performances in various disciplines of equestrian sports of horses of Belarusian breeds with the best horses of foreign countries showed that the domestic livestock is significantly inferior in terms of performance. In this regard, there is an urgent need for a thorough assessment and development of fundamentally new methods of horse breeding according to performance based on the use of achievements of population genetics in the horse riding industry of the republic. The aim of the research was to determine the genetic parameters (repeatability and heritability) of performance traits and assessment of the exterior of riding horses in various equestrian disciplines. The research was carried out at the leading farm for breeding horses of Trakehner, Hannover and other riding breeds – Institution “Republican Center for Olympic Training of Equestrian Sports and Horse Breeding” of the Minsk district in the Minsk region. The summary protocols of the results of its factory tests were the materials for assessing the motor, jumping, and athletic traits of young riding horses. The coefficient of heritability of traits was calculated by the method of constructing one-way dispersion complexes, with gradations of phenotypic traits of the progeny of the used producing stallions. Heritability coefficients were as follows: assessment of the exterior – 0.109, performance – 0.365***, measurements (height at the withers) – 0.175**. Thus, as a result of calculations, a relatively low heritability of the studied traits of riding horses was determined, especially according to the results of evaluating the exterior and measurements, which was due to the relatively small number of horses in groups, biological characteristics of the experimental material and the effect of external factors. The coefficients of rank correlation of the evaluation indicators of riding horses are determined, participating in competitions in various disciplines of equestrian sports and having passed factory tests at the age of 2 years. It was determined that coefficient of rank correlation of performance was the highest in schooling competitions (rs = 0,484**). This indicates that a moderate direct positive relationship reliably exists between the test results of riding horses at young age and their performance in sports. The lowest correlation coefficient was in triathlon (rs = 0,164). It was determined that a significant effect on athletic performance is made not only by many genetic factors that determine the required inclinations of an animal, but also by the quality of the horse's preparation during the training process, its character and temperament, etc. In this regard, the correlation between the results of factory tests of young animals in terms of performance and their future sports career was studied. It was determined that the horses that received the highest score at young age according to the results of their factory tests were also the most successful in sport, were prize-winners of international competitions in triathlon. Most of the horses that performed in sports were horses with an assessment of athletic performance at young age of 8.0 scores – 37.4%, only 29.7% were horses with rating of 9.0 scores at factory tests, 55.5% were horses with rating of 5.0 to 7.0 scores. The results of the studies prove that the coefficients of heritability and repeatability of the assessment of performance indicators of riding horses remain quite low. Correlation is positive, but not strong enough, which reduces the efficiency of selection of horses at young age to use them in sports in the future. Thus, it is necessary to follow the way of both increasing the number of horses tested at young age, and their rigorous selection at all stages of the breeding process.

scholarly journals Horse-breeding of the Oasis of Surkhan

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 404-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Kabulov ◽  
S. Rajapova
Keyword(s):  
Horse Racing ◽  
Late Autumn ◽  
Best Friend ◽  
Horse Breeding ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
The Republic ◽  
One Year

Since ancient times in Uzbekistan, special attention has been paid to horse breeding. We can see this in dastans and traditions, where poets and bakhshis sang about mythical horses. And most importantly, the horse was very much appreciated as a companion of a horse. As in other regions of the republic, special attention was paid to the development of horse breeding in the Surkhan oasis. Several breeds of horses were bred in the oasis, they were called ‘adobe’, ‘jiyran’, ‘turik’, ‘buz’ and others by color. Uzbeks mainly bred ‘Karabair’, ‘Lakay’, ‘Turkman’, and sometimes Arab ones. For breeding local breeds of horses ‘Karabair’ were used breeds of Turkmen, Arab and Mongolian horses. By breeding horses such breeds of ‘Karabair’ horses as ‘Uzbek’, ‘Miyenkul’, ‘Urgut’ and others were bred. Also, horses were named for their age. A newborn horse was called a ‘kulun’, up to one year a foal, from a year and a half to two years a strigunok, a two-three year old foal, a third year a gunan, a three-four year old dunan, a male after four years a stallion, a female mare. In the Surkhan oasis, Turkmen horses were widely used as a vehicle, they participated in horse racing, racing and kupkari (equestrian competition in which the participants of the competition rip out goat carcass from each other). Responsible for the conservation and reproduction of horse breeds were men. They promptly gave horses food, took them for a walk. The horses that took part in the races, kupkari were raised according to special methods and customs. Such horses were fed from spring to late autumn, with the arrival of autumn they were walked and prepared for competitions. Horses were considered not only a vehicle; they were the most expensive and valuable commodity. At that time, the best horses were estimated from 400 to 600 rubles, and Turkmen horses to 1000 rubles. In a word, horses were not only expensive goods; they were considered the best friend and helper of a horseman.

scholarly journals DNA Examination of Polymorphism on Two Lines of the Yakut Breed Stallions using the RAPD-PCR Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 6634-6638
Keyword(s):  
Entire Range ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Express Method ◽  
Horse Breeding ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
Rapd Pcr ◽  
Random Amplification ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
The Republic

Herd and beef horse breeding are traditional and profitable livestock industries in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Three breeds are propagated in the republic: Yakut, Prilensk and Megezhek. Objective: to evaluate the genetic homogeneity of equine micro-populations in order to determine the degree of their genetic similarity. A DNA isolated from hair follicles of 2 horse lines have been tested using 18 primers. According to obtained data, the primers OPA 07, OPA 09, OPA 10, OPA 18 and ODS 18 are more polymorphic than other 13 primers. Most of the primers amplify fragments from 350 to 1,000 bp in size. As an exception the sequence of primer OPA 02 is absent in 2 lines of horses. Coincidently, PRA 06 primer fragment of 1200 bp presents only in the mare line of the stallion named Kuobakh. There is a uniform distribution of fragments over the entire range of lengths in the remaining samples of 2 stallion lines. Random Amplification of Polymorphic DNA (PARD) analysis can serve as a kind of express method a method of genetic polymorphism , which is especially relevant for poorly studied animal populations, as well as a source of unique locus-specific markers.

scholarly journals System of performance-based comprehensive evaluation of horses of plant type in Belarusian draft breed

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-214
Author(s):  
Y. I. Herman
Keyword(s):  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Step Length ◽  
Statistical Characteristics ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Plant Type ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Horse Breeding ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Cis Countries

Obtaining horses of a new quality, mostly required in modern conditions of in the republic, is one of the promising tasks for further breeding. While preserving the specific traits of the basic Belarusian draft breed, the horses of the created type will be characterized by new traits of a more expanded non-traditional horse use. This is for the first time when traits were established during work with the Belarusian draft breed, determining universal performance of the plant type horses, as well as in accordance with motor traits step length when moving in steps, trot; speed of movement in steps, trot, gallop; style of movement in steps, gallop, trot; according to jumping traits – the height of obstacles taken, the style of jumping, and temperament. The indicators for evaluating horses according to the indicated traits have been studied. The positive correlation of performance indicators with some basic and additionally taken measurements of horses, angles of articulation of individual parts has been established. Differentiation of jump has been developed with specifying such phases as grouping, repulsion, flight, landing, which will be used to evaluate and predict its efficiency. Factors determining efficiency of jump have been determined. Length of run, distance from the repulsion point to the obstacle, reserve of jump, mobility of the head, neck and limbs. Characteristic features of the studied allures, their genetic and statistical characteristics are determined. Positive correlation between a number of measurements and features of the horse exterior with the motion and jumping traits was determined. Training methods have been developed and used that ensure development of jumping traits of horses of the created type of over 90 cm. The information obtained will be used to develop recommendations for training, testing and evaluation of horses of plant type of Belarusian draft breed. This will allow improving the welfare of Belarusian horse breeding, raise quality of horses obtained, and become an export-oriented industry in agro-ecotourism and leisure horse breeding for the CIS countries.

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