scholarly journals RHEUMATIC HEART DISEASE (RHD)

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (03) ◽  
pp. 324-327
Author(s):  
Ahsan Beg Beg ◽  
Muhammad Younas ◽  
Touseef Asma
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Rheumatic Heart Disease ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Cardiology Department ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Rheumatic Heart

Objectives: To investigate the role of socio-economic factors for Acute RheumaticFever (ARF) and Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD) in Pakistan. Methodology: Study Design:Descriptive cross-sectional. Setting: OPD of Pediatric Cardiology Department, CPE Institute ofCardiology, Multan. Period: July 2014 to December 2014. Convenience Sampling was done.Sample size of 130 cases with ages between 5 to 12 years were selected for the study. Results:Overcrowding was noticed in 61% and 85% in urban and rural areas, respectively. In rural areas,most parents were illiterate; similar status was seen in urban areas (64.4%; 67.1% respectively).60% and 55 % patients have habit of hand washing in rural and urban patients respectively.Toilet facility is available to 60% and 55.6% in rural and urban patients respectively. Economicstatus of the family is even worse. Average income per family was only Rs.3800 per month.Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) and acute rheumaticfever (ARF) in Pakistan. Overcrowding, poor hygienic conditions, low socio-economic status,illiteracy are major risk factors for ARF and RHD in Pakistan. In order to address this alarmingsituation, platforms like Pakistan Pediatric Cardiac Society and Pakistan Pediatric Associationneed to be mobilized.

scholarly journals AN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF SOCIOECONOMIC RISK FACTORS AMONG PATIENTS OF RHEUMATIC HEART DISEASE, ISLAMABAD, PAKISTAN

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 41-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zafar Hayat Maken ◽  
Faizan Ahmed ◽  
Ferogh E- Elahi ◽  
Ali Arumghan ◽  
Mehar . ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Rheumatic Heart Disease ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Significant Burden ◽  
Rheumatic Heart

BACKGROUND: Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD) is a disease of developing countries where it inflects significant burden dis-proportionality. We investigated the role of socio-economic and environmental risk factors for RHD. METHODS:· This was descriptive cross-sectional conducted at Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences Islamabad by including the patients coming to cardiology out door patient department through convenient sampling technique. Study was approved from ethical committee of Pakistan institute of Medical Sciences Islamabad and written consent was taken prior to start the interview. RESULTS: In this study, the average age of patient with rheumatic heart disease was 29.4 years, male predominance of patients was observed. 67% of subjects had income below Rs. 20,000. Average BMI of subjects was 22.4±4.04. It was observed that 75.25 % of people lived in houses with an area of less than 5 marla. Average area of house was found to be 5.12±2.8 marla. Overcrowding was noticed in 60.8 % of the subjects. CONCLUSION: There is a high prevalence of RHD and Acute Rheumatic Fever (ARF) in Pakistan. The major findings of this study were that Overcrowding, poor hygienic conditions, low socio-economic status, are major risk factors for RHD. In order to address this alarming situation, platforms like Pakistan Pediatric Cardiac Society and Pakistan Pediatric Association need to be mobilized for health promotion regarding awareness of the disease.

scholarly journals Determinants of child malnutrition in rural and urban Ecuadorian highlands

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 2122-2130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johana Ortiz ◽  
John Van Camp ◽  
Sylviana Wijaya ◽  
Silvana Donoso ◽  
Lieven Huybregts
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nutritional Interventions ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Sociodemographic Determinants ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Maternal Bmi

AbstractObjectiveTo identify and compare the sociodemographic determinants of stunting, wasting and overweight among infants of urban and rural areas in the Ecuadorian highlands.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingNabon (rural) and Cuenca (urban) cantons, Azuay Province, Ecuador.SubjectsA total of 703 children aged 0–24 months and their caregivers (227 rural and 476 urban) recruited during the period from June to September 2008.ResultsStunting prevalence was significantly higher in the rural area (37·4 %v. 17·7 %;P< 0·001) while wasting (7·1 %) and overweight (17·1 %) prevalence were more similar between areas. Determinants of stunting for the pooled sample were male gender (OR = 1·43; 95 % CI 1·06, 1·92;P= 0·02), preterm delivery (OR = 1·65; 95 % CI 1·14, 2·38;P= 0·008), child's age (OR = 1·04; 95 % CI 1·01, 1·07;P= 0·011), maternal education (OR = 0·95; 95 % CI 0·92, 0·99;P= 0·025) and facility-based delivery (OR = 0·57; 95 % CI 0·45, 0·74;P< 0·001). The latter was also a determinant of overweight (OR = 0·39; 95 % CI 0·25, 0·62;P< 0·001). Rural determinants of stunting were maternal height (OR = 0·004; 95 % CI 0·00004, 0·39;P= 0·018), diarrhoea prevalence (OR = 2·18; 95 % CI 1·13, 4·21;P= 0·02), socio-economic status (OR = 0·79; 95 % CI 0·64, 0·98;P= 0·030) and child's age (OR = 1·07; 95 % CI 1·02, 1·11;P= 0·005). Urban determinants were: maternal BMI for stunting (OR = 0·91; 95 % CI 0·84, 0·99;P= 0·027), cough prevalence (OR = 0·57; 95 % CI 0·34, 0·96;P= 0·036) and facility-based delivery (OR = 0·25; 95 % CI 0·09, 0·73;P= 0·011) for overweight, and hygiene for wasting (OR = 0·57; 95 % CI 0·36, 0·89;P= 0·013).ConclusionsInfant malnutrition was associated with different sociodemographic determinants between urban and rural areas in the Ecuadorian highlands, a finding which contributes to prioritize the determinants to be assessed in nutritional interventions.

scholarly journals Karakteristik Pasien Penyakit Jantung Rematik yang Dirawat Inap di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marhamah Hasnul ◽  
Najirman Najirman ◽  
Yanwirasti Yanwirasti
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Elementary Education ◽  
Rheumatic Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Valve ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Rheumatic Heart

Abstrak Penyakit jantung rematik (PJR) adalah penyakit jantung sebagai akibat adanya gejala sisa (sekuele) dari demam rematik (DR) yang ditandai dengan terjadinya cacat katup jantung. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melihat karakteristik pasien penyakit jantung rematik.yang dirawat. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif observasional dengan desain cross sectional study dan pendekatan retrospektif untuk menilai karakteristik pasien PJR di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang dari Januari 2009 - Desember 2012. Populasi dan sampel sebanyak 54 sampel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan distribusi pasien terbanyak pada kelompok umur 11-20 tahun (50%), perempuan (57,41%), tingkat pendidikan SD/sederajat dan SLTP/sederajat masing-masing 25,93%, pelajar/mahasiswa (53,70%), dan berasal dari daerah rural (70,37%). Sebagian besar pasien mengeluhkan keluhan utama sesak napas (62,96%). Hasil pemeriksaan elektrokardiografi memperlihatkan LVH sebesar 35,19% dan AF sebesar 27,78%. Berdasarkan pemeriksaan foto toraks umumnya pasien telah mengalami kardiomegali (92,59%). Berdasarkan pemeriksaan ekokardiografi yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah kelainan katup regurgitasi mitral (30,40%), derajat kerusakankatup berat (36,80%), dan fraksi ejeksi normal (72,97%). Pada penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat variasi karakteristik dari penderita PJR yang ada di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang. Kata kunci: penyakit jantung rematik, karakteristikAbstract Rheumatic heart disease is a cardiovascular disease caused by delayed sequele of rheumatic fever characterized by heart valve damage. The objective of this study was to observe the characteristics of RHD patients.This study is a descriptive observasional with cross-sectional study design and the retrospective by observing the characteristics of RHD patients in RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang from Januari 2009 – December 2012. The population and sample of this study was 54 patients. The result of this study showed that majority of the patients at the age group 11-20 years (50%), female (57.41%), elementary education degree/equal and junior high/equal of each 25.93%, students/university students (53.70%), and come from rural areas (70.37%). Most patients complained experiencedbreathlessness (62.96%). The result of electrocardiography showed LVH is the the highest (35.19%) and AF 27.78%. Based on chest X-ray examination majority of the patients showed a cardiomegaly (92.59%). Based on echocardiography examination, the most heart valve damage is mitral regurgitation (30.40%), the severity is severe (36.80%), and the fraction ejection is in normal limit (72.97%). The conclusion of this research, there are variation in the characteristics of RHD patients in RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang.Keywords: rheumatic heart disease, characteristics

scholarly journals Correlation of predictions to get a new dental caries with residence area and parental socio-economic conditions in adolescents in Sleman DIY

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Bambang Priyono ◽  
Hari Kusnanto ◽  
Al Supartinah Santoso ◽  
Dibyo Pramono
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Background: Adolescence is a period when an individual experiences physical and psychological growth, thus requiring higher energy intake. As a result, they have a high appetite, but at the same time the supervision of parents on their oral hygiene behavior is decreases. They become free to choose their preferred food, sometimes containing high carbohydrates that may increase risks of dental caries and overweight. Sleman is one of districs in Yogyakarta, also considered as an agglomeration area of Yogyakarta town, which still has urban and rural areas. Purpose: This study aimed to examine the correlation between residence area and parental socioeconomic conditions with prediction to get a new dental caries. Method: This study was an analytic survey study conducted on 275 adolescents in Sleman. Samples were selected by using stratified cluster random sampling technique. Prediction to get a new dental caries was measured by using cariogram, involving 10 variables. Residence area was observed based on territorial characteristics, such as urban and rural areas matched to their ID card. Meanwhile, parental socio-economic condition was measured on daily expenses of their parents. A multiple regression analysis with dummy variables was used to analyses the correlation between the independent and dependent variables at a confidence level of 95%. Result: The results showed that the prevalence of caries in those adolescents in urban areas was 70.7%, while 81.95% in rural areas. The DMFT index in urban areas was 2.27, while 2.65 in rural areas. The mean percentage of prediction to get a new dental caries in urban areas was 47.83 ± 23.63, while 53.61 ± 24.68 in rural areas. The results of the statistical analysis then showed that there was no significant correlation of residence area and parental sosio-econimic conditions with prediction to get a new dental caries. Conclusion: In conclusion, residence areas, rural and urban areas, and parental socio-economic conditions, from low to high economic status were not correlated with prediction to get a new dental caries in adolescents.

scholarly journals Understanding the nutrition transition: measuring rapid dietary changes in transitional countries

2002 ◽  
Vol 5 (6a) ◽  
pp. 947-953 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry M Popkin ◽  
Bing Lu ◽  
Fengying Zhai
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Nutrition Transition ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Transitional Countries ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

AbstractObjective:To understand methodological concerns related to dietary intake collection in transitional societies.Design:Three days of household weighing and measurement of all food used and repeated 24-hour recalls.Setting:Eight Chinese provinces.Subjects:Five thousand nine hundred and fifty-two and 5152 adults aged 20–45 years in 1989 and 1997, respectively.Results:Great variance exists in the types and quantity of animal products used in common recipes. For example, the proportion of pork from lean cuts in ‘stir-fried fresh pepper and pork’ varies between 14 and 24% in urban and rural areas and the total pork content for 100 g (dish) varies by 15 to 19 g between rural and urban areas in each of eight provinces. Another challenge relates to the variation in the edible vegetable oil content added during food preparation. Reliance on standard recipes for each fried dish would miss the variations in oil use over time, space and socio-economic status.Conclusions:Dietary change is rapid in transitional countries. Reliance on recipes standardised for animal food and edible oil contents will lead to very large systematic errors in the measurement of energy, fat and protein intakes.

Differences in participation rates between urban and rural areas are diminishing in Finland

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 755-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Tolonen ◽  
Päivikki Koponen ◽  
Katja Borodulin ◽  
Satu Männistö ◽  
Markku Peltonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Participation Rates ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Increasing within-country migration from rural to urban areas is setting new challenges for survey organization. For example, the educational level of population in urban and rural areas differ, resulting in differences in health behaviours and health outcomes between areas. Data from the national cross-sectional surveys of the FINRISK Study conducted in Finland in 1997–2012 among the adult population were used. Women living in the capital region were more likely to be survey non-participants than women living in rural areas. The differences between rural and urban areas have diminished over time among men, but not among women. Even though participation rates between different levels of urbanizations are becoming similar, observed differences in population profiles – that is, educational level – between areas may bias survey results unless results are adequately adjusted.

Women in the Medical Field in India

2020 ◽  
pp. 230-236
Author(s):  
Monica Sivakumar
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Medical Field ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The Status ◽  
Endurance Testing ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Testing Field

There is a vast difference in the status of women in the medical field in India as compared to the West. However, much progress has been made in the past two decades at least in the urban areas. There is a tremendous disparity in the rural and urban areas when it comes to the number of women who enter this field. The urban areas are almost on par with the western standards at present. Despite having so many women who are leaders in the field, the situation in rural India remains desolate. Many hopes are dashed and much talent is wasted as societal interference, early marriages, and poor socio-economic status make it extremely difficult for the women in the semi-urban and rural areas to enter this lengthy and endurance-testing field. The patriarchal nature of the society, ancient customs, and inability to adapt to modern times are some of the common reasons that so few women enter this field.

scholarly journals Prevalence of rheumatic heart disease in a major referral cardiology clinic in Ethiopia: A retrospective cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0246519
Author(s):  
Melkamu H. Asmare ◽  
Frehiwot Woldehanna ◽  
Samuel Hunegnaw ◽  
Luc Janssens ◽  
Bart Vanrumste
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Rheumatic Heart Disease ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Hypertensive Heart Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Interquartile Range ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Rheumatic Heart

Background Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD) remains one of the major causes of death and disability in developing countries. This preventable, treatable but not curable form of cardiovascular disease is needlessly killing scores of children and youth mainly due to the misunderstanding of the burden of the disease in these countries. We sought to describe the prevalence of RHD at one of the major referral cardiology clinics in Ethiopia. Methods This was a retrospective cross-sectional chart review of all patients referred for a cardiopathy at the Tikur Anbessa Referral Cardiac Clinic from June 2015 to August 2018. We excluded records of patients with a non-cardiac diagnosis and those without a clear diagnosis. A predesigned and tested EXCEL form was used to collect the data. The data was encoded directly from the patient record files. MATLAB’s statistics toolbox (MATLAB2019b) was used for statistical analysis. Results Among the total 7576 records analyzed 59.5% of the patients were women. 83.1% of the data belonged to adult patients with the largest concentration reported in the 18 to 27 age group. 69.7% of the patients were from urban areas. The median age of the study population was 30 (interquartile range = 21–50). 4151 cases were caused by RHD which showed that RHD constituted 54.8% of the cases. The median age for RHD patients was 25 (interquartile range = 19–34). The second most prevalent disease was hypertensive heart disease which constituted 13.6% that was followed by congenital heart disease with 9% prevalence rate. Conclusion The results of this study indicated the extent of the RHD prevalence in Ethiopia’s cardiac hospital was 54.8%. What was more critical was that almost 70% of the RHD patients were mainly the working-age group(19 to 34 years).

scholarly journals Prevalence and role of social factors and personal attitude in occurrence of depression in married women in urban and rural areas of district, Amritsar, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 446
Author(s):  
Ekta Arora ◽  
Jasleen Kaur ◽  
Shyam Sunder Deepti ◽  
Tejbir Singh ◽  
Mohan Lal
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Hormones ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Personal Attitude ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Total Burden

Background: Depression is not "one size fits all," particularly when it comes to the genders. Many factors contribute to the unique picture of depression in women-from reproductive hormones to social pressures to the female response to stress. It is estimated that by the year 2020, the burden of depression will be increased to 5.7% of the total burden of the disease.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted and 1000 married females were selected by systematic random sampling from rural and urban areas of District, Amritsar, India. Pretested and predesigned questionnaire and PHQ9 scale was used to obtain valid results.Results: In this study, 269 women are found to be suffering from depression as per the scale applied. Respondents having no social involvement are more prone to depression (31.1%) and majority of those, who faced some problem in public places, were found to be depressed (28.8%).11.2% women were depressed amongst those who act skilfully in response to a problem. 29.6% amongst those who got panic while 34.7% were found to be depressed amongst those who had an escapist attitude.Conclusions: Awareness through public education, early detection and organized national mental health programs can curb the increasing epidemic of depression.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document