Analysis of forensic autopsies in year 2018 at forensic medicine department, Faisalabad Medical University, Faisalabad.

Objectives: The study was aimed to audit autopsies in the year 2018 and promoting statistical approach in Forensic Medicine. Also to study the gender based distribution of cases and study shifting trends in weapon of offence. Study Design: Retrospective Study. Setting: Post Mortem Unit of the Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Faisalabad Medical University, Faisalabad. Period: From 1st January, 2018 to 31st December, 2018. Material & Methods: Autopsy was performed on 248 cases reported to Post Mortem Unit. Study Material was collected from the Post Mortem Unit of Allied Hospital and DHQ Hospital Faisalabad which are referral tertiary care teaching hospitals affiliated with Faisalabad Medical University, Faisalabad. Results: Out of a total 248 autopsies conducted 178 (71.77%) were males and 70 (28.23%) were females. The male to female ratio was 2.54:1. Most used weapon of offence was Firearm. Followed by firearm the second major cause of death was road traffic accidents which were followed by Asphyxia (12.9% of total autopsies). Conclusion: Ban on illegal possession of Firearms - educational lectures to Public and steps to raise the literacy rate along with the improvement of socioeconomic status of the society. Preventive-strategy to create an awareness of safe traveling practices especially among the groups at high risk.

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Incidence of Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo in Head Injury Patients

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International ◽

10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i48a33237 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 188-194

Author(s):

Celastina Synthia ◽

. Rameshwar

Keyword(s):

Head Injury ◽

Traffic Accidents ◽

Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Posterior Canal ◽

Positional Vertigo ◽

Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo

Background: Traumatic brain injury is a common secondary cause of Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo(BPPV). Objective: To determine the incidence and clinical profile of patients with BPPV in mild and moderate head injury. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study done in patients admitted with mild and moderate head injury who developed BPPV from January 2020 to March 2020 in a tertiary care hospital of South India. Demographic and clinical parameters were noted and were treated with canalith repositioning procedures. Results: Among 42 patients admitted with mild and moderate head injury, 9(21.4%) were diagnosed with BPPV in the follow up. The male female ratio was 2.5:1. The mean age was 44 ±21.4years.Two wheeler accidents contributed to nearly half of (55.6%) traumatic BPPV. Posterior canal was commonly involved in 7(77.8%) followed by horizontal in 2 (22.2%).The type of head injury was mild in 7 (77.8%) and moderate in 2 (22.2%) in traumatic BPPV patients. 5 (55.6%) patients with BPPV had abnormal findings in neuroimaging. 4 (44.4%) patients developed recurrent BPPV in our cohort. Conclusion: The incidence of traumatic BPPV was 21.4% in our study. Road traffic accidents due to two wheeler accidents were the common mode of head trauma. Posterior canal was commonly involved in three fourth of cases. Recurrence of vertigo was documented in 4 (44.4%).

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An Analysis of Aetiology, Pattern and Outcome of Head Injury in Trauma Patients

PERSPECTIVES IN MEDICAL RESEARCH - 2 ◽

10.47799/pimr.0903.05 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 16-21

Author(s):

Sudatta Waghmare ◽

ashish Aswar ◽

Hiranya Deka ◽

Aman Singh ◽

Arjav Nanavati ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Head Injury ◽

Traffic Accidents ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Road Traffic Accidents ◽

Major Health Problem ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Associated Injury

Abstract Background: Head injury is considered as a major health problem in developed and developing nations. Analysis of etiology, patterns, and outcome of head injury in trauma patient is essential for understanding and planning for better management. Materials and Methods: The prospective observational study carried out among patients who presented with head injury at the tertiary care hospital, Mumbai from July 2015 to July 2017. Demographic details recorded were age, sex, blood pressure on arrival, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, the interval between injury and admission, associated injury, co-morbidities, hospital stay, and outcome. Results: The age group at which maximum patients of head injury were admitted was 18-29 years (31%) followed by 40-49 years (21%). Eighty one percent patients were males and 19% patients were females, the male to female ratio being 4:1. Road traffic accidents (36% cases) were the commonest cause leading to acute head injury followed by accidental fall (21% cases). 47% patients presented with mild head injury according to GCS. Conclusion: Head injuries mainly caused by vehicular accidents and affect mainly the young men. Road traffic accidents were the commonest mode of head injury, but railway accident had the worst outcome in our study. Factors associated with outcome were Pre-hospital delay, GCS on arrival, Blood pressure on arrival, Associated injury, Need for ventilator support, CT scan findings.

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PROFILE AND PATTERN OF POST-MORTEM CASES

International Journal of Medical and Biomedical Studies ◽

10.32553/ijmbs.v5i9.2213 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (9) ◽

Author(s):

Neeraj Singh ◽

Bhavesh Bohra

Keyword(s):

Forensic Medicine ◽

Traffic Accidents ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Time Of Death ◽

Post Mortem ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Post Mortem Interval ◽

Medical College ◽

East Region ◽

Different Types

Background: In the present study analysis of changes in level of sodium in cadaveric synovial fluid is done, which is correlated with increasing post-mortem interval and this study have not been done in south east region of Rajasthan so far. Methods: This study was carried out in department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Jhalawar Medical College, Jhalawar. This study was done on 50 cases with known time of death who was brought in the mortuary of department of Forensic medicine and Toxicology for autopsy. The information regarding time of death were collected from hospital records. Ethical permission has been taken from college ethical committee. Results: Deaths due to road traffic accidents & its complications constituted majority of cases 44.00% followed by poisoning 40.00% Conclusion: This study helps to interpret different types of medico-legal autopsy cases, thereby providing an insight to the policy-makers, law custodians, and the community to look into the specific aspects of the cases and then to take proper measures to reduce mortality. Keywords: Death, Post mortem, Age

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Epidemiological Profile of Trauma Victims Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in Delhi and Application of Haddon Matrix to Identify Risk Factors of Road Traffic Accidents

Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development ◽

10.37506/v11/i2/2020/ijphrd/194894 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 729

Author(s):

Shubham Sharma ◽

Madhu Kumari Upadhya

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Traffic Accidents ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Road Traffic Accidents ◽

Trauma Victims ◽

Epidemiological Profile ◽

Haddon Matrix

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Epidemiology and Treatment Outcomes of Head Injury in Bangladesh: Perspective from the Largest Tertiary Care Hospital

Indian Journal of Neurotrauma ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1718780 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sukriti Das ◽

Bipin Chaurasia ◽

Dipankar Ghosh ◽

Asit Chandra Sarker

Keyword(s):

Head Injury ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Head Injuries ◽

Skull Fracture ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Acute Subdural Hematoma ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Mortality And Morbidity ◽

The Government

Abstract Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity. Economic impact is much worse in developing countries like Bangladesh, as victims are frequently male, productive, and breadwinners of the families. Objectives The objective of our study was to highlight the etiological pattern and distribution of varieties of head injuries in Bangladesh and give recommendations regarding how this problem can be solved or reduce to some extent at least. Methods From January 2017 to December 2019, a total of 14,552 patients presenting with head injury at emergency got admitted in Neurosurgery department of Dhaka Medical College and Hospital and were included in this study. Results The most common age group was 21 to 30 years (36%: 5,239) with a male-to-female ratio of 2.6:1. Injury was mostly caused by road traffic accident (RTA [58.3%: 8,484]), followed by fall (25%: 3,638) and history of assault (15.3%: 2,226). The common varieties of head injury were: acute extradural hematoma (AEDH [42.30%: 1,987]), skull fracture either linear or depressed (28.86%: 1,347), acute subdural hematoma (ASDH [12.30%: 574]), brain contusion (10.2%: 476), and others (6.04%: 282). Conclusion RTA is the commonest cause of TBI, and among them motor bike accident is the severe most form of TBI. AEDH is the commonest variety of head injuries. Proper steps taken by the Government, vehicle owners, and drivers, and proper referral system and prompt management in the hospital can reduce the mortality and morbidity from TBI in Bangladesh.

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Epidemiology of Fatal Injuries reported in the mortuary of a tertiary care hospital

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20190182 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 633

Author(s):

Subrat Kumar Pradhan ◽

Himansu Prasad Acharya ◽

Rudra Prasanna Mishra ◽

Jay Kumar Panda ◽

Durga Madhab Satapathy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Traffic Accidents ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Adult Population ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Age Group ◽

Microsoft Excel ◽

Mortality And Morbidity ◽

Fatal Injuries

Background: Injuries are an increasingly recognized global, preventable public health problem and are an important cause of mortality and morbidity in adult population. The major causes of injury related deaths may be intentional and unintentional. The major unintentional or “accidental” causes are road traffic accidents (RTAs), falls and drowning whereas the leading intentional causes are suicide and homicide. A robust Surveillance System for Injury Mortality is almost non-existent in our country due to which the data for the same is not available and haphazard. Keeping these factors in mind, the following study was under taken to identify the various epidemiological factors related to fatal injury cases.Methods: A record based retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Community Medicine, VSSIMAR, Burla, Odisha. The data were collected from the autopsy reports preserved at the Dept of FM & T, VSSIMSAR. Variables like age, sex, number of injury cause of death, place of death etc. were collected. Data were entered in Microsoft Excel and analysed using proportions and percentages.Results: The age group 25-44 years recorded the maximum number of deaths (37.49%). Males suffered the highest casualty accounting for 61.85% of deaths. Unintentional fatal injuries constituted 63.58% of deaths. The most number of fatal injuries resulting in deaths were RTAs (36.41%).Conclusions: The age group 25-44 years recorded maximum deaths. Males were the major death victims. RTAs constituted maximum of deaths among unintentional fatal injuries. Homicidal injuries constituted maximum of deaths due to intentional fatal injuries.

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Comparison of road traffic accidents presenting to the emergency department of a teaching hospital before and during lockdown

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20213527 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. 4297

Author(s):

Siddharth Rao P. S. ◽

Sumayya Nazneen Sayyada ◽

Souri Reddy Pyreddy

Keyword(s):

Teaching Hospital ◽

Traffic Accidents ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Mass Casualties ◽

Road Traffic Accidents ◽

Patient Demographics ◽

Disproportionate Number ◽

Type Of Injury ◽

The Impact

Background: Road traffic accidents (RTAs) are a major cause of misery, disability and death globally, with a disproportionate number occurring in developing countries. With COVID-19 reaching pandemic proportion, a nationwide lockdown was announced on 24 March 2020 which resulted in the complete closure vehicular movement. This study aimed to assess the impact of lockdown on the number of RTAs brought to our rural tertiary care teaching hospital situated on National highway number 65.Methods: Medico-legal records were reviewed retrospectively at Kamineni institute of medical sciences hospital. The cases were classified into two groups. The pre-lockdown group included cases reporting to casualty from 1 April 2019 to 31 July 2019. The lockdown group included cases reporting to casualty from 1 April 2020 to 31 July 2020. Patient demographics, type of injury, time of injury, mode of injury were collected for all cases and analysed using simple mathematical tools.Results: There was a significant decrease in the total number of RTAs during lockdown phases 1 and 2 and during unlocking phases 1 and 2 by 52.1%. Bike skid was the most common mode of injury. The highest number of RTAs was observed between 6 am to 6 pm and the most commonly affected gender was male especially in the age group of 15-45 years.Conclusions: RTA numbers can be reduced by strict implementation of traffic rules and better road infrastructure. One positive effect of the measures implemented to control the spread of COVID-19 was the reduction of traffic accidents and mass casualties.

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A descriptive study of cranio-cerebral injuries admitted in tertiary care center of coastal Andhra Pradesh

Romanian Neurosurgery ◽

10.2478/romneu-2018-0048 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 32 (2) ◽

pp. 384-390

Author(s):

R. Sivakumar ◽

B.V. Subrahmanyam ◽

S.V. Phanindra ◽

Ashok Munivenkatappa ◽

S. Satish Kumar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Traffic Accidents ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Care Center ◽

Skull Fracture ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Clinical Aspects ◽

Retrospective Data ◽

Cerebral Contusion ◽

Mean Values ◽

One Year

Abstract Introduction: Demographic and clinical profile of traumatic brain injury (TBI) of a particular place is very crucial for strengthening the guidelines. The details of same are scant from a tertiary institute, Nellore district. The present study aims to explore the demographic, injury and clinical aspects of cerebro-cranial injury patients from an institute setup. Methods: The study consists of two years retrospective data and one year prospective data. The study was approved by institute ethical committee. The patient data was entered on pre designed proforma that includes the desired variables. The data analysis was done using StatsDirect software. Both prospective and retrospective data was merged for analysis. Percentages for categorical data and mean values for continuous data were calculated. Results: There were total of 336 patients. Patients in age group of 21 to 50 years constituted 67% and males were four times higher than females. Nearly one fourth of patients were influenced by alcohol. Three fourth of accidents were due to road traffic accidents (RTAs) followed by falls (17%) and assault (6%). About one tenth of patients were pedestrians. One fourth of patients had associated injuries other than head and brain. On CT findings majority of patients had cerebral contusion (46%) followed by skull fracture (40%), SDH (28%) and EDH (23%). Twenty two patients died in the study period. Conclusion: Knowledge of injury and its later consequences to public is very important. Strict rules to consider safety precautions and compulsory family insurances should be encouraged. Rules to prevent paediatric drive.

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An epidemiological study of road traffic accidents among patients admitted in a tertiary care hospital in Puducherry

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20183062 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (8) ◽

pp. 3362

Author(s):

Muthukumar T. ◽

Zile Singh ◽

Vishnu Prasad R. ◽

Abel K. Samuel ◽

Raja T. K.

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Traffic Accidents ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Seat Belt ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Road Traffic Accidents ◽

Modifiable Factors

Background: Road traffic accidents (RTA) are the only public health problem for which society and decision makers still accept death and disability among young people on a large scale. This study was undertaken to determine the various epidemiological factors influencing RTA with a view to suggest appropriate remedial measures for prevention of accidents.Methods: A hospital based prospective observational study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Puducherry. All the patients admitted in the hospital due to RTA from Jan to Dec 2014 were interviewed by using a pre-tested and pre-designed questionnaire. Data was entered in MS Excel and analysed using SPSS version 21.0. Institute ethics committee clearance was obtained.Results: Among 541 participants, 50% of the victims were in the productive age group of 20-40 yrs. The approximate speed of majority of the vehicles (55.6%) at the time of accident was 40-80 km/hr. Among the accident victims, 85.8% of the two wheeler riders did not use helmet and 70.9% of the car drivers did not wear seat belt at the time of accident. Around 39% of the drivers were under the influence of alcohol at the time of accident. Mobile phone is the major cause of distraction (51.9%) at the time of accident.Conclusions: Based on this study it is evident that prevention and control of most of the modifiable factors can bring about a change in the statistics that would ensure our future to be safer.

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A retrospective analysis of twenty two cases of floating knee

International Journal of Research in Orthopaedics ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4510.intjresorthop20202688 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 797

Author(s):

Umesh Yadav ◽

Ajay Sheoran ◽

Mayank Dutta ◽

Ashish Devgan ◽

Amit Dahiya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Functional Assessment ◽

Knee Injury ◽

Traffic Accidents ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Damage Control ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Knee Injuries ◽

Trauma Centre ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Floating Knee Injury

Background: With increase in road traffic accidents, incidence of floating knee injuries is increasing day by day. Along with bony injuries, multiorgan injuries are generally present which require urgent intervention. Despite advance in surgical management and implants, achieving a good functional knee still remains a challenge to the surgeons.Methods: This retrospective study was conducted to assess management, functional outcome and complications of patient presenting with floating knee injury to a tertiary care centre. 22 patients with floating knee injury admitted in trauma centre from 2017 to 2019 were analysed and functional assessment was done.Results: Males with mean age 33.5 years were exclusively victims of road traffic accident. 14 patients presented with multisystem injury. After stabilization fractures were fixed with nails/plates/screws. Knee stiffness was most common complication seen in 37% cases. Functional assessment was done using modified Karlstrom Olerud criteria which revealed excellent results in 22.7% cases while poor results in 18.2% cases.Conclusions:Floating knee injury is not merely bony injury but a multisystem injury and should be managed on principles of Damage control Orthopaedics. Regarding bony injuries, achieving union and acceptable range of motion remains the prime target.

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