Frequency of Refractive error in children with strabismus at tertiary Care Hospital Gadap Town, Karachi.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (05) ◽  
pp. 686-690
Author(s):  
Umer Kazi ◽  
Asiya Saleem ◽  
Munawar Hussain Ghulam Ali ◽  
Abdul Sattar Abro ◽  
Mazhar-ul- Haque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Error ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ocular Manifestations ◽  
Snellen Chart ◽  
Ocular Movement ◽  
Convenience Sampling ◽  
Study Setting

Objectives: This was conducted to determine frequency of various refractive errors with types of strabismus among the age group of 5-15 years children visited in the tertiary eye care hospital Gadap town, Karachi. Study Design: Cross Sectional Analytical Study. Setting: Al-Ibrahim Eye Hospital. Period: May 2019 to November 2019. Material & Methods: This study was conducted on 300 strabismic subjects with a mean age of 5 to 15 years by non-probability convenience sampling. All respondents underwent visual acuity assessment by Snellen chart with and without correction, pinhole method, and fundus examination by retinoscope, Cardiff card, cover/uncover test, cycloplegic refraction by cyclopentolate 1%, and ocular movement examination. Results: Out of 300 patients, 43(14.3%) subjects were diagnosed as strabismus with refractive error. 20(46.5%) were boys, while 23(53.5%) were girls with a mean age of 9.62 ± 3.1. The hyperopic 20(46.5 %), 17(39.6 %) myopic, and 6(13.9%) had astigmatism. Conclusion: Strabismus was more frequently observed in females than in males. Hyperopia was in Strabismic respondents than myopic and astigmatism. The esotropia was commonly seen in hypermetropia, Exotropia, in Myopia. The vertical and alternate not frequently seen are these respondents. Hence it is necessary to diagnose the children as early as possible to prevent them from other ocular manifestations.

scholarly journals FREQUENCY OF FEMORAL FRACTURES;

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (01) ◽  
pp. 011-014
Author(s):  
RANA MUHAMMAD ADNAN ◽  
Muhammad Irfan ZIA ◽  
JAHANZAIB AMIN ◽  
Rafya Khan ◽  
Saleem Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Femoral Fractures ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cognitive Disability ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hospital Design ◽  
Femur Fractures ◽  
Study Setting

Background: To compare the frequency of various types of fractures of femur in patients less than and more than 40 years ofage in a tertiary care hospital. Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Setting: Emergency department. Period: January 2009 to April 2011.Method: A total of 1756 patients were divided into two groups with respect to age. Then they were further categorized according to the part offemur involved, and compared in both age groups. Results: The study was conducted on a total number of 1756 patients over a period of 2 yearsfrom 2009 to 2011. 51.1% patients were less than 40 years of age and 48.9% patients were more than 40 years of age. In patients more than 40years of age, pertrochanteric fracture was most common (86.40%). In patients less than 40 years of age, mid shaft of femur was most commonregion involved (87.02%). Conclusions: The incidence of proximal femur fractures is high in elderly patients because of several factors likeosteoporosis, visual impairment and cognitive disability. Whereas incidence of fractures of mid-shaft of femur is more common in youngpatients.

scholarly journals FREQUENCY AND SEVERITY OF LIVER INVOLVEMENT IN DENGUE VIRUS INFECTION.

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (07) ◽  
pp. 1074-1078
Author(s):  
Masood Tareen ◽  
Riaz Hussain Awan ◽  
Seema Nayab ◽  
Khadim Hussain Awan
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Dengue Infection ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Liver Involvement ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Setting

Objectives: To determine the frequency & severity of liver involvement in dengue infection among adults at tertiary care hospital. Period: Six months (9th May 2016 to 9th Nov 2016). Study Design:  Cross-sectional study. Setting: Department of Gastroenterology and Department of Medicine Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi. Patients and Methods: Results: A total of 343 patients with Dengue fever were selected to conduct this study with mean age of 34.67±9.09 years. Mean duration of the fever was 7.31±1.62 days. Mean duration of hospital stay of the patients came out to be 3.50+0.82 days. Severity of liver enzymes derangement was mild in 80 patients (23%), moderate in 246 (72%) & severe in 17(5%). Mortality was seen in 14% (47 patients) & 100% mortality was seen in dengue fever patients with severely deranged Liver enzymes. Conclusion: Dengue fever patients with deranged liver enzymes had statistically worse outcome thus can lead to early recognition of high risk cases.

scholarly journals Burden, types of diseases and outcome in LBW babies admitted at a Tertiary Care Hospital.

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (03) ◽  
pp. 547-551
Author(s):  
Shahid Iqbal ◽  
Fazal Ur Rehman ◽  
Muhammad Haneef
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Duration Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Hospital Study ◽  
Study Setting

Objectives: LBW has long been labeled as one of the major risk factor for mortality as well as morbidity in neonates. South Asia is said to have highest number of LBWs which estimated to be 1 in 4 newborns that weigh < 2500 grams. This study was planned with an aim to note the burden, types of diseases and outcome in LBW newborns admitted at a tertiary care hospital. Study Design: Descriptive analytical study. Setting: Included all neonates admitted to NICU of Sheikh khalifa Bin Zaid Al Nahyan Teaching Hospital, Rawlakot. Period: 1st July 2018 to 31st December 2018. Material & Methods: The prevalence of LBW amongst all admissions was calculated along with demographic features of all LBW babies like disease, reasons for the admission, duration of hospital stay along with outcome was noted on a predesigned proforma. Results: Out of total of 1410 admission in NICU during the study period, 512 (36.3%) were noted to be LBW. Amongst LBW babies, mean weight was 1.91 kg while 269 (52.5%) were male and 243 (47.5%) female. There were 364 (67.6%) babies born at full term. There were 82 (16.0%) with birth weight of less than 1.5 kg, 166 (32.4%) between 1.5 to 2 kg while 264 (51.6%) were above 2 kg. Amongst all LBW babies, mortality was reported in 185 (36.1%) while 112 (60.5%) died on the 1st day of admission. Respiratory distress syndrome (31.4%), sepsis (20.3%) and neonatal jaundice 58 (11.3%) were the commonest diseases seen. Highest mortality (56.1%) was seen in babies who had birth weight below 1.5 kg (p value = 0.001). Conclusion: LBW is a major cause of hospitalization and mortality. RDS and sepsis were the most frequent diseases noted in LBW babies. Immediate care following birth is vital for babies already at risk of LBW.

scholarly journals Mortality among organophosphate poisoning patients presenting with low Glasgow coma scale score at A Tertiary Care Hospital.

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 2187-2192
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ali ◽  
Vinod Kumar ◽  
Shafique Ahmed ◽  
Hina Iram ◽  
Sagheer Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Organophosphate Poisoning ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Practical Tool ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Study Setting

This study is designed to assess the mortality in OPP patients with low GCS scores. Study Design: Cross Sectional study. Setting: Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center. Period: From 1st February 2018 to 31st August 2018. Material & Methods: Included patients with low GCS, both genders and age of 18-60 years diagnosed with OPP. Their GCS was calculated and the outcome was determined in terms of mortality. Results: Out of 70 patients, the mean age was 35.2+16.5 years with the majority (62.9%) <30 years. 62.9% of these were males. Most (57.1%) of them presented after ingestion of <15mL of OP, 60% had the poisoning for >60 minutes, and the majority (74.3%) had taken it orally. When the GCS was computed, 81.40% had that of >5, while the mean came out to be 6.64 ±1.43. The mortality rate here was 17.10%. Conclusion: GCS toll can be a helpful and practical tool in assessing the mortality among the patients of OPP. However, because of the limited literature on the subject further studies are recommended to improve its validity.

scholarly journals Awareness of Foot Care Among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus attending a Tertiary Care Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr.P. Ganesh Kumar MS. ◽  
Dr.P. Venkateswaran MS ◽  
Damini. T
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Foot Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Good Score ◽  
Convenience Sampling

Objective: To assess the awareness of diabetes foot and care for foot in known diabetic patients. Methods: A cross- sectional study was carried out using non probability convenience sampling wherein 150 diabetic respondents who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were included. A pre tested questionnaire was used to assess their knowledge and practices regarding foot care. 14 questions were asked and one point was allotted for each of 7 questions among them. A score of more than 70% (5-7) was considered good, score of 40% - 70% (3 – 5) was considered satisfactory and less than 40% (below 3) was considered poor. Results: The age of the respondents selected was above 50 years. About 48.7% of the respondents had good awareness, 38.6% had satisfactory awareness and 12.7% had poor awareness. Literacy status of the respondents seems to have a significant association with their awareness. Economic status is not a significant factor.

scholarly journals Pattern of ocular morbidity in patients attending ophthalmic OPD at tertiary care hospital, Valsad, Gujarat

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 569
Author(s):  
Mitali G. Patel ◽  
Darshankumar K. Mahyavanshi ◽  
Sunil Nayak ◽  
Aayushi Patel ◽  
Brijal Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Error ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Ocular Morbidity

Background: Vision is the most important special sense in human being. Normal vision is essential for normal physical, mental, psychological development and education. Causes of the preventable blindness are often the result of a combination of factors such as poverty, lack of education and inadequate health-care services. The objectives of the study were to determine the pattern of ocular morbidity in patient attending ophthalmic OPD and to find out the association of most common ocular morbidity with different variables. Methods: The cross sectional study was conducted in ophthalmic department at GMERS medical college, Valsad, Gujarat, India. It is a part of the research activity during internship period in Community Medicine department. All patients who attended ophthalmic OPD in third week of April at this hospital were enlisted in this study with their consent. The patients were seen in ophthalmic OPD by ophthalmologist, proper anterior and posterior segment evaluation was done. Data includes registration number, name, gender, education, locality, occupation, H/o systemic illness, refractive error and the diagnosis. Results: In majority of patients attending ophtahlmic OPD were with occular morbidity specifically refractory error and cataract i.e. 54% and 50% respectively. The prevalence of cataract is significantly lesser in <40 years of age, as it is an age related disease. Second most common occular morbidities observed in our study period was conjunctivitis. Cataract has correlation with age, rural locality and female preponderance. Conclusions: Majority of ocular morbidity were either preventable or treatable. Cataract (65 patients out of 130) being the commonest. If detection is early in the course, prevalence of ocular morbidity can be greatly reduced. The leading causes of ocular morbidity in our study were cataract, a conjunctivitis, and refractive error. A large number of OPD patients were constituted by follow up of cataract surgeries. 

scholarly journals Uveitis in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-100
Author(s):  
Anjal Bisht ◽  
Samrat Shrestha ◽  
Priya Bajgai ◽  
Milan Khadka ◽  
Parimal Koirala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ankylosing Spondylitis ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prompt Treatment ◽  
Ocular Manifestations ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
History Of

Background: There is a close correlation between ankylosing spondylitis and uveitis, other less common ocular manifestations being episcleritis and scleritis. Though the prognosis of uveitis is good, prompt treatment is required to prevent long-term complications. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of uveitis in patients with ankylosing spondylitis who follow outpatient clinic of a tertiary care hospital.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done in medicine outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital for 6 months. Ethical clearance was obtained from the institutional review board of National Academy of Medical Sciences. Convenient sampling was done. The data collected were entered in Microsoft excel to tabulate the data and analyze the results.Results: Out of 81 participants, 26 patients had a history of uveitis (32%). Most of the patients in this study were of 18-30 years. Uveitis was most common in patients with (axial to be added) spondylarthritis and peripheral inflammatory arthritis (41%) compared to those with just the axial disease (32%). Uveitis was more common among males (32.2%) than females (31.5%).Conclusion: In patients with spondyloarthritis uveitis was present in 32% of the patient with more common in patient with both axial and peripheral arthritis. Timely diagnosis of uveitis in ankylosing spondylitis can prevent the sequelae with prompt treatment. Keywords: Ankylosing spondylitis; spondyloarthritis; uveitis

scholarly journals Magnitude of refractive errors in children in tertiary care hospital of western Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-58
Author(s):  
Srijana Thapa Godar
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Refractive Error ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Refractive Errors ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

Background: Refractive error is one of the most common causes of the visual impairment and second leading cause of treatable blindness. The objective of the study was to determine the mag­nitude of refractive errors in children. Methods: This was a hospital based cross-sectional study conducted on 254 children attending Ophthalmology OPD of Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara. The children whose visual acuity was worse than 6/6 but improved with pinhole were included in this study. Vision test, retinoscopy and subjective refraction was done in all subjects and cycloplegic refraction was done when needed. Statistical analysis was carried out using Epi-info version 7. Results: The commonest type of refractive error was astigmatism (46.06%) followed by myopia (42.31%). Majority of children had low grade of refractive errors (46.85%). Among the children, “with the rule astigmatism” was maximum (27.56%). Majority of children were in the age between 11 to 15 years (77.95%). The refractive error was seen more in female (63.78%). Among the chil­dren of refractive errors, 29.13% had family history, 33.46% had given the history of wearing spec­tacles and 10.24% children had amblyopia. There was statistically significant association between refractive errors and age groups, history of wearing spectacles, amblyopia and grading of refractive errors. However, there was no statistically significant association of refractive error with gender, residence and family history. Conclusions: Astigmatism was the common type of refractive error followed by myopia. This study emphasizes the importance of detection of refractive error in children.

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