Frequency of abnormal cervical cytology in symptomatic women.

Objective: To estimate the frequency of abnormal cervical cytology detected by Pap smear. Study Design: Cross Sectional Study. Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Gambat Institute of Medical Sciences Gambat, Khairpur Sindh. Period: November 2018 to June 2019. Material & Methods: A total of 160 women with the complaint of heavy vaginal discharge and moderate to servere lowere abdominal pain more than 6 weeks were included in this study. Per speculum examination of cervix was carried out with the help of cuscos speculum before PAP smear and finding were noted, After labeling the sample was sent to histopathology for cytological examination. Results: The average age of the patient’s was 37.68±7.46 years. Percentage of normal smears 10%, advance disease 1.3% and percentage of inflammatory smear is 63.8% while frequency of abnormal cervical cytology was observed in 25% in which CIN-1 was 12.5%, CIN-2 was 11.3% and CIN-3 was 1.3%. Conclusion: Our population have large numbers of undiagnosed cervical diseases. Therefore, Pap smear testing should be widely used throughout Pakistan to reduce the incidence of cervical cancer.

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The prevalence of abnormal cervical cytology among postnatal clinic attendees at the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.e12568 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. e12568-e12568

Author(s):

Boniface Uji Ago

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Pap Smear ◽

Gynecologic Oncology ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cervical Cytology ◽

Screening Methods ◽

Low Grade ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Preventable Disease ◽

Abnormal Cervical Cytology

e12568 Background: Carcinoma of the uterine cervix is a deadly but preventable disease. It is still a major gynecologic problem in our subregion. Cervical cytology remains the key to its early detection and prompt treatment. Methods: This was a prospective cross sectional study of postnatal women to determine the prevalence of abnormal cervical cytology and their socio-demographic characteristics. Institutional ethical clearance and informed consent of participants were obtained. Aye's spatula and endocervical brush were used to collect specimen from the ectocervix and endocervix respectively and smeared on individually labelled glass slides. The samples were treated using the conventional Papanicolaou staining method and reported using the Bethesda system. Researcher-administered questionnaire generated data as well as results of cytology were analyzed using Epi-Info version 3.5.1.0 (CDC Atlanta USA 2008). Results: There were 100 women screened. Three percent had low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion. Colposcopy done, however, did not reveal abnormal findings. Ninety-five percent of the women had no prior knowledge of cervical cancer and Pap smear. Two percent of the women had a family history of cervical cancer and both patients died of the disease due to lack of facilities for treatment. Conclusions: Cervical cancer is a preventable disease. Women in our subregion are under-screened. Effective screening methods are the mainstay in its prevention. Availability of well equipped gynecologic oncology centers with personnel training are a necessary end to this carnage.

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Correlation of pap smear and colposcopic finding of cervix with histopatholgiocal report in a group of patient attending in a tertiary hospital

Journal of Dhaka Medical College ◽

10.3329/jdmc.v22i1.15604 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 39-44

Author(s):

Suraiya Parvin ◽

Nazneen Kabir ◽

Yeasmin Samad Lipe ◽

Khaleda Nasreen ◽

KM Nurul Alam

Keyword(s):

Pap Smear ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Tertiary Hospital ◽

Cervical Cytology ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical College ◽

Abnormal Cervical Cytology ◽

One Year ◽

Colposcopy Clinic

Objective: To correlate Paps smear and colposcopic finding of cervix with histopathological report of abnormal area of cervix in a group of patient attending a tertiary hospital. Methods: It was a cross-sectional prospective study done in one year period from January to December 2007 in Colposcopy Clinic of Institute of Child and Maternal Health (ICMH) Hospital, Dhaka. The study carried out including fifty two female patients having clinically unhealthy cervices as in the form of hypertrophy, erosion, congestion or bleeds on touch or having positive pap smear found during P/V or P/S examination, attending gynaecology out patient department of ICMH Hospital after fulfilling all the inclusion criteria. Result: The present study showed a correlation between cervical cytology and colposcopically directed biopsy, the correlation was accurate within one grade in 39 of 51 cases (76.16%) (as cytology was not done in one case). Other studies showed cytologic accuracy (within one level of histologic finding) to about 83% and 88% cases. Conclusion: The study done here shows excellent correlation between findings of colposcopy with that of histopathology of guided biopsy. It also confirms the diagnostic value of colposcopy in the management of women with abnormal cervical cytology with squamous atypia. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v22i1.15604 J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 22, No. 1, April, 2013, Page 39-44

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The impact of accurate documentation of parotid tumor operative reports on secondary surgical procedure

Otolaryngologia Polska ◽

10.5604/01.3001.0014.6240 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 74 (6) ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Krzysztof Piwowarczyk ◽

Ewelina Bartkowiak ◽

Jadzia Chou ◽

Katarzyna Kukawska ◽

Ludwika Piwowarczyk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Medical Sciences ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Tertiary Referral Center ◽

Parotid Gland Tumor ◽

Operative Report ◽

The Impact ◽

Study Setting ◽

Common Variable

Objective: To develop a comprehensive operative report schema based on the accuracy of primary operative reports (OpR) assessed on a department’s experience with parotid gland tumor re-operations. Design: Retrospective cross-sectional study. Setting: A tertiary referral center, the Department of Otolaryngology and Laryngological Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland from 2008 to 2017. Subjects: Out of 1154 surgeries, 71 patients underwent reoperation. Their OpR were categorized into accurate and non-accurate, and re-operation field and re-operation course were categorized as anticipated or unanticipated, according to defined criteria. Intervention: None Main outcome measures: The impact of accuracy of the first OpR on re-operation course. Results: In this series, OpR were 39% (14/36) accurate, 61% (22/36) non-accurate. Re-operation fields were 16% (11/71) anticipated, 37% (26/71) unanticipated. Re-operation courses were 37% (26/71) anticipated, 63% (45/71) unanticipated. An anticipated re-operation course followed 20% (5/26) of accurate and 20% (5/26) of non-accurate primary OpR. An unanticipated re-operation course followed 20% (9/45) of accurate and 40% (18/45) of non-accurate OpR. There is no significant relationship between the re-operation course and accuracy of the first OpR (Chi2(1)=0.69; p=0.40466). The most common variable that affected non-accuracy of the OpR was facial nerve function after surgery (6/12). Conclusions: The operative report should be based on clear criteria, robust classification and comprehensive protocol. This will improve follow-up and facilitate the planning of re-operation.

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Classroom Seat Selection from the Perspective of Iranian Medical Sciences` Students and its Relationship with Self-esteem: a Cross Sectional Study

The Journal of Medical Research ◽

10.31254/jmr.2019.5107 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 26-30

Author(s):

Mahin Nomali ◽

◽

Akram Sanagoo ◽

Farzaneh Sarayloo ◽

Leila Mahasti Jouybari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Medical Sciences ◽

Cronbach’S Alpha ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Important Place ◽

Cronbach's Alpha ◽

Study Setting

Background: Classroom is an important place for university students. Students do not choose their seat at random and many factors may influence their seat selection. On the other hand, where they choose to seat may have a relationship with their self-esteem. Aims and objectives: Determination of classroom seat selection from the perspective of Iranian medical sciences` students and its relationship with self-esteem was the aim of this study. Study Design: We conducted a cross- sectional study. Setting: Different faculties of Golestan University of Medical Sciences (GoUMS, Gorgan, North of Iran) were our study setting. Materials and Methods: 350 students of both sexes and with different fields of study at GoUMS were included in the study by convenience sampling from September to December in 2016. In order to measure university students` perspective, seat selection questionnaire (Cronbach’s alpha =0.82 ) with 9 multiple choice questions (MCQs) was used which answer to each question has been reported with a frequency and percent. Ten- item Rosenberg Self- Esteem (RSE) scale (Cronbach’s alpha=0.74) consisting 5 negative and 5 positive items with 4- point Likert (score of 0 to 3 from completely agree to completely disagree) were used. Range of score was between 0 to 30. Score lower than 15, between 15-25, and more than 25 indicated low, intermediate, and high self- esteem, respectively. Statistics: We analyzed data by SPSS software version 16. Descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation (SD), frequency, and partial frequency percentage were used. In order to test the relationship between place and direction of the seat, and self-esteem, the chi-squared test was used with significance level of less than 0.05. Results: 300 out of 350 medical sciences` students with a mean age of 21.5 (2.4) year completed the study (participation rate = 85.7%). 50.3 % of participants were male, and with nursing field of study (28.7%). Proximity to instructor or board, or projector (48.7%) and personal factors such as eyeglasses/hearing aids (19.3%) were the most and the least important factors influencing students` seat selection. And “inability to see/hear properly” was the most important factor that made students change their seats. The majority of students mentioned that they choose the middle of the classroom (43.3%). Low, intermediate and high self- steam were seen among 5 (1.7%), 290 (96.6%), and 5 (1.7%) of students, respectively, and there was no relationship between classroom seat selection and self-esteem of students. Conclusion: From the perspective of Iranian medical sciences` students, classroom seat selection is affected by many factors. And they usually preferred to sit in the middle of the classroom. However, there was no relationship between students seating preferences and self-esteem. Thus, considering to these factors may help instructors and educational policy makers improving the quality of courses, students` performance, and classroom attractiveness.

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Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices towards Cervical Cancer and Screening amongst Female Healthcare Professionals: A Cross-Sectional Study

Journal of Oncology ◽

10.1155/2019/5423130 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Humariya Heena ◽

Sajid Durrani ◽

Isamme AlFayyad ◽

Muhammad Riaz ◽

Rabeena Tabasim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Pap Smear ◽

Healthcare Professionals ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Attitudes And Practices ◽

Knowledge Attitudes And Practices ◽

Smear Testing

Background. Cervical cancer is a potentially preventable disease if appropriate screening and prophylactic strategies are employed. However, lack of knowledge and awareness can result in underutilization of the preventive strategies. Healthcare professionals with adequate knowledge play a huge role in influencing the beliefs and practices of the general public in a positive way. We assessed the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of cervical cancer and screening amongst female healthcare professionals at King Fahad Medical City (KFMC), Saudi Arabia. Methods. We conducted a cross-sectional study on female healthcare professionals at KFMC. Data were collected using a predesigned, tested, and self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire included specific sections to test the participants’ knowledge, attitude, and practices related to cervical cancer and its screening. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics. Results. Data from 395 participants were included in the final analysis. The majority of the study participants were nurses (n = 261, 66.1%). The mean age of the participants was 34.7 years and 239 (60.5%) participants were married. Only 16 (4.0%) participants appeared to have good level knowledge of cervical cancer (in terms of risk factors, vulnerability, signs and symptoms, ways of prevention, and ways of screening) and 58 (14.7%) participants had fair level knowledge. A total of 343 (86.8%) participants believed that Pap smear test is a useful test for the detection of cervical cancer and 103 (26.2%) participants had undergone Pap smear testing. Conclusions. Our study population showed poor knowledge of cervical cancer as a disease. The participants had a fair knowledge of Pap smear testing, but only a quarter of the cohort had undergone testing themselves. This study highlights the need for formal educational programs for the healthcare workers at KFMC specifically to improve their knowledge regarding the risk factors and early signs and symptoms of cervical cancer.

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Post coital bleeding is a risk for cervical cell abnormality

Al-Kitab Journal for Pure Sciences ◽

10.32441/kjps.04.01.p6 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 04 (1) ◽

pp. 66-77

Author(s):

Fatehiya Noori

Keyword(s):

Pap Smear ◽

Hormonal Contraception ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Contraceptive Device ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cervical Cell ◽

Abnormal Cervical Cytology ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Intraepithelial Lesions ◽

Postcoital Bleeding

Postcoital bleeding is a worrying, for both women and health care provider. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of abnormal cervical cytology among patient with PCB in the private outpatient care setting, and to identify risk-factors for cervical pathology among these patients. A cross sectional study of 90 patients presented to the privet clinic, during the period 1st feb-1st Des. 2019. Inclusion criteria include married women presented with post coital bleeding, non-pregnant, all patients undergo Pap Smear Cytology. The commonest age presented with PCB was 40-44 years old 22(24.4%), followed by (45-49) years and (25-29) years 18(20%). Those aged ≥40 years 44(48.9%), and those aged ≤34 34(37.8%). The mean parity was 4.7±2.8, hormonal contraception was commonly used by those with PCB followed by intra uterine contraceptive device (IUCD), 30(33.3%), 18(20) respectively. Most of the patient were House wives 78(86.7%), The physical examination show that most patient had cervical erosion 68(75.5%), followed by healthy cervix in 12(13.3%), while suspicious features was found among 6(6.7%), Moderate and sever dysplasia was found more among those aged ≥40 years 10(22.7%), while it was 4(8.7%) among those aged < 40 years. there is higher prevalence of High-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions among females with PCB, and non- significant difference among those aged less or more than 40 years. Therefore it’s important to examine any patient complaining of PCB with PAP smear cytology and colposcopy examination.

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Human Papillomavirus and Chlamydia trachomatis in oral and genital mucosa of women with normal and abnormal cervical cytology

10.21203/rs.3.rs-198831/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jessica Paola Mosmann ◽

Sofia Zayas ◽

Ana Ximena Kiguen ◽

Raul Fernando Venezuela ◽

Otilio Rosato ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Specific Treatment ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

The Other ◽

Cervical Cytology ◽

Abnormal Cytology ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Oral Infections ◽

Hpv Dna ◽

Abnormal Cervical Cytology

Abstract Background. STI such as HPV and C.trachomatis are important to public health, because of the high risk of asymptomatic genital or oral infections could lead to complications and coinfections may be an important cofactor for the oncogenic transformation.Objective. Evaluate the prevalence of oral and genital HPV and C.trachomatis infection in women with normal and abnormal cervical cytology.Study design. The cross-sectional study included 200 oral and cervical swabs from 50 women with normal and 50 with abnormal cervical cytology. HPV and C.trachomatis infections were detected using PCR with specific primers. Results. HPV DNA was detected in 27% of women with normal and abnormal cytology. Out of 27 we detected HPV DNA in 18% of genital samples and 14% of oral samples. HPV genotypes detected were genotype 6 of low-risk and 16, 31, 52, 58 and 16-31 coinfection of high-risk. C.trachomatis DNA was detected in 49% of patients, out of 49 we detected C.trachomatis in 35% of genital samples and 31% of oral samples. There is statistically significant (p<0.05) between cytology and HPV and C.trachomatis infection but there is no statistically significant between cytology and the other characteristics.Conclusions. The morphological similarity between oropharyngeal and genital epithelia would allowed us to infer that the infection in one of this mucosa could occur in the other. Therefore, is important C.trachomatis detection and specific treatment in asymptomatic women because it is known that may increase the risk of HPV persistence and coinfection induces a pro-inflammatory environment that may promote the carcinogenesis. This study highlight the importance of identified possible cofactors for oncogenesis.

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Demonstration of Abnormal Cervical Change in Papanicolaou Smears by Liquid Base Cytology

International Journal of Pathogen Research ◽

10.9734/ijpr/2019/v3i330095 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Howaida Mahmoud Hagag ◽

Anwar Althomali ◽

Rawan Alnefei ◽

Bashair Alotaibi ◽

Ola Abdullah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vaginal Discharge ◽

Pap Smear ◽

Effective Means ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cervical Cytology ◽

Early Marriage ◽

Pap Smears ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cervical Lesions ◽

Cross Sectional

Background: Cervical cancer is considered one of the most important health problem affecting women health all over the world also it is preventable cancer as soon as it was discover early by cervical cytology using Papanicolaou (Pap) smears as it is an effective means of screening for cervical premalignant and malignant conditions such as Cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia (CIN). So this study aims to detect abnormal premalignant epithelial changes by liquid base Pap stained cervical smear in Taif city of Saudi Arabia. Methodology: Cross sectional study is based on 100 females patients who attended the out-patient Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in King Faisal hospital were randomly chosen as cross sectional study. Cervical smears were obtained and Pap smears were prepared from patients presenting with different complaints such as vaginal discharge, abnormal menstrual and vaginal bleeding and pain. After fixation and staining, each smear was carefully examined. Results: showed that epithelial cell abnormalities were found in 7% of smears, age rang of the patients was between 20-50 years old and the main complaint was abnormal vaginal discharge. Also our study established the high frequency of abnormal cervical cytology in females used contraception as well as early marriage as a risk factors. Conclusion: In Taif City, a conservative community, premalignant and malignant cervical lesions are relatively high. Pap smear cervical cytology is an easy, safe and effective test for early detection of pre-malignant and malignant lesions of the cervix, thereby allowing clinicians to treat patients early and more effectively.

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A retrospective study of pap smear and cervical biopsy correlation in abnormal cervical cytology cases

IP Archives of Cytology and Histopathology Research ◽

10.18231/j.achr.2021.022 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 87-90

Author(s):

K Rajeswari ◽

Dinesh Kumar S ◽

Ramya Krishna ◽

Meenakshisundaram K

Keyword(s):

Pap Smear ◽

Screening Tool ◽

Cervical Cytology ◽

Histopathological Diagnosis ◽

Pap Smear Test ◽

Cervical Biopsy ◽

Abnormal Cervical Cytology ◽

Intraepithelial Lesions ◽

Smear Testing ◽

Global Health Problem

Cancer cervix is a global health problem and Pap smear is an important screening tool, which has proven to be highly effective in reducing the number of cases and the mortality from cervical carcinoma. Any abnormality detected in Pap smear has to be confirmed with cervical biopsy, which is the gold standard for diagnosing the lesions of the cervix. To study the prevalence of abnormal cervical cytology cases detected by Pap smear testing in our setting, to find the distribution of cytologically abnormal cases and also the concordance and discordance between Pap smear and cervix biopsy in cytologically abnormal cases to assess the sensitivity of Pap smear in detecting the intraepithelial lesions / malignancy of cervix. The study included all the abnormal cervical cytology cases and their cervix biopsies, for five years. The cytologically abnormal cases were listed and a thorough search was made for their cervix biopsy. The histopathological diagnosis of the corresponding cervix biopsies (if done) were also listed and compared for concordance. There were totally 12600 cases of Pap smear done during the study period and there were 146 cytologically abnormal cases. Histopathology reports of the cervix biopsy were available for 44 cases. Out of the 44 cases, 40 cases were concordant. The sensitivity of Pap smear test in our setting was found to be 90.9%. Our study revealed a good correlation between Pap smear and cervix biopsy.

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Depression and anxiety among pregnant mothers in the initial stage of the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic in the southwest of Iran

Reproductive Health ◽

10.1186/s12978-021-01167-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Najmeh Maharlouei ◽

Pedram Keshavarz ◽

Niloufar Salemi ◽

Kamran B. Lankarani

Keyword(s):

Short Form ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Medical Sciences ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Initial Stage ◽

Medical Histories ◽

Southwest Of Iran ◽

Maternity Clinics ◽

Abnormal Level ◽

Pregnant Mothers

Abstract ‌Background Women are at a higher risk for depression progression, especially during pregnancy. The current study purposed to investigate depression, anxiety, and stress levels of pregnant mothers in the initial stage of the COVID-19 infection in the southwest of Iran. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted during March and April, 2020, in Shiraz, Iran. Pregnant mothers registered in maternity clinics affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Sciences were included. An online self-administered checklist was used. It included socio-demographic, obstetric and medical histories, and the short form of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21) to evaluate depression, anxiety, and stress. A p-value < 0.05 was considered significant. Results In total, 540 pregnant mothers answered the questionnaire. 83.5% had no comorbidity. Abnormal depression scores were significantly higher in those who had no insurance (OR = 2.5) and in those with poor self-rated health (SRH) (OR = 27.8). Pregnant mothers with lower SRH and two or more comorbidities had a higher chance of having an abnormal level of anxiety subscale (6.9, 3.7 times, retrospectively). Conclusion The results revealed that an abnormal level of depression was associated with SRH and medical insurance status. Moreover, the number of comorbidities and poor SRH significantly increased the chance of achieving abnormal anxiety levels in pregnant mothers during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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