scholarly journals POLISH AND EUROPEAN ECONOMIC CULTURE – A COMPARISON

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Ścibiorska-Kowalczyk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Life ◽  
Cultural Patterns ◽  
Gradual Process ◽  
Economic Culture ◽  
Personal Attitudes ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Level ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Economic Choices

The term "economic culture" describes historically shaped elements in the general culture of population, concerning values recognized and desired by a particular community, relating to the management and to the economic system of the states. The most important economic cultural behaviors include: awareness of economic choices, attitudes and behaviors of economic choices, the rules of the economic game. There is a theory which assumes that the globalization of the economy will lead to the emergence of a single, common to the whole world culture through enculturation, which is defined as a gradual process of growing of the individual (or group) into the culture or cultures through assimilation of cultural heritage of the surrounding community. More inculturation can be understood as a process of movement between different cultures come into contact and the transmission of cultural patterns. The article is an attempt at presenting the Polish economic culture against the European background and identifying the differences. It discusses the impact of national history and religion on the present shape of economic life, with particular regard to its negative aspects, i.e. the relatively high level of bribery and unemployment or the negative personal attitudes.

scholarly journals The Impact of Customer Contact on Collective Human Energy in Firms

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 915-952
Author(s):  
Petra Kipfelsberger ◽  
Heike Bruch ◽  
Dennis Herhausen
Keyword(s):  
Transformational Leadership ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Customer Contact ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Moderated Mediation Model ◽  
Human Energy ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

This article investigates how and when a firm’s level of customer contact influences the collective organizational energy. For this purpose, we bridge the literature on collective human energy at work with the job impact framework and organizational sensemaking processes and argue that a firm’s level of customer contact is positively linked to the collective organizational energy because a high level of customer contact might make the experience of prosocial impact across the firm more likely. However, as prior research at the individual level has indicated that customers could also deplete employees’ energy, we introduce transformational leadership climate as a novel contingency factor for this linkage at the organizational level. We propose that a medium to high transformational leadership climate is necessary to derive positive meaning from customer contact, whereas firms with a low transformational leadership climate do not get energized by customer contact. We tested the proposed moderated mediation model with multilevel modeling and a multisource data set comprising 9,094 employees and 75 key informants in 75 firms. The results support our hypotheses and offer important theoretical contributions for research on collective human energy in organizations and its interplay with customers.

scholarly journals Strategic Talent Management: The Impact of Employer Branding on the Affective Commitment of Employees

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 9993
Author(s):  
Patrícia Alves ◽  
Vasco Santos ◽  
Isabel Reis ◽  
Filipa Martinho ◽  
Domingos Martinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Affective Commitment ◽  
Good Representation ◽  
Employer Branding ◽  
Technological Transformation ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Active Population ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

In a globalization context, underlined by the speed of technological transformation and increasingly competitive markets, the perspective of human capital, as an asset of strategic importance, stands out in differentiating human resource practices. Under this reality, the employer branding (EB) concept gains more and more importance as a strategic tool to attract, retain, and involve human capital, given that this has become a source of competitive advantage to companies. Within this context, this study aimed to evaluate the relationship between employer branding strategies implemented by organizations, as well as their impact on the employee’s affective commitment, evident in certain organizational cultures, which are sustained over time. The methodological framework applied to this study is quantitative, and the data collection was carried out with the application of an employer branding and an affective commitment questionnaire. To achieve a good representation of the active population, the sample of the quantitative study was composed of 172 individuals, working in the public and private sectors in Portugal, exercising different positions in the different sectors of activity. Results obtained with these techniques indicate a high level of affective organizational commitment (AOC) of employees in the organizations surveyed, suggesting that affective commitment develops when the individual becomes involved and identifies with the organization.

scholarly journals Economic culture as a factor in the financial behavior of Russians: the role of archetypes and modern context

POPULATION ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-40
Author(s):  
Olga Aleksandrova
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Financial Literacy ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Individual Responsibility ◽  
Financial Behavior ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Economic Culture ◽  
Patterns Of Behavior ◽  
The Impact

In Russia, as in many countries, the state is showing increased attention to the topic of financial literacy of the population, which is connected, on the one hand, with the expansion of the financial market inherent in the modern world economy, involving ordinary people in its orbit, and, on the other hand, with the curtail of the welfare state, and the reorientation of citizens to self-financing their needs for pensions, medical care, education, etc. In the process of such pushing up people to become investors, borrowers, participants of funded pension schemes, the specific character of the economic culture of the population is not taken into account, while many observed phenomena, such as low level of financial literacy and massive distrust of financial institutions, are due exactly to it. The article presents analysis of the cultural archetypes and patterns of behavior characteristic of the Russians that make up the economic culture; they were correlated with the models of behavior of the population of interest to the state; the impact on the existing economic culture of the current socio-economic context is considered. It is shown that the natural-climatic, geographic, geopolitical and religious factors have shaped Russians' specific attitude towards savings, their own and other people's property, planning horizons, contractual obligations, separation of common and individual responsibility, financial discipline, work ethics, state and commercial institutions, interpersonal relationships, etc., which is far from that sought by the state. Meanwhile, the problem is that it is the socio-economic policy pursued by the state, the events of the economic life of the past thirty years that act as the factors of reproduction and consolidation of the formed cultural archetypes and patterns of behavior, but not their productive transformation.

scholarly journals CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK OF CULTURAL BACKGROUND IN THE LIT ENVIRONMENT

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Izmir Tunahan ◽  
H. Altamirano ◽  
J. Unwin Teji
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Cultural Background ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cultural Experiences ◽  
Lighting Environment ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Indoor Conditions ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Occupant Satisfaction

In environmental terms, culture represents the climatic and indoor conditions people have experienced during a significant part of their life. Consequently, people exposed to different cultures might have different expectations of the lighting environment. Knowing the lighting expectations due to cultural experiences have numerous advantages; it could help meet the occupants’ needs and preferences and provide occupant satisfaction, reducing unnecessary energy consumption in the built environment. This paper aims to summarise a systematic review to create a conceptual framework of cultural background in the lit environment, which could help understand the impact of cultural background on daylight perception and expectation. This review highlighted that cultural background in lighting environment should be evaluated considering (1) the ethnicity and/or physiological characteristics of the individual eyes, (2) the area (luminance environment) where people used to live (3) the luminance environment they were recently exposed to and (4) the socio-cultural background of individuals. Future research should further test these components together and separately to investigate which component or combination is more influential on daylight perception.

Social Structure and Patterns of Movement of the Western Pebble-mound Mouse, Pseudomys chapmani, at Marandoo, Western Australia

1997 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 295 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. Anstee ◽  
J. D. Roberts ◽  
J. E. O'Shea
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Home Range Size ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Core Area ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Economic Significance ◽  
Iron Ore Deposits ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

Mounds of the western pebble-mound mouse, Pseudomys chapmani, are found throughout the species’ Pilbara range in areas with iron-ore deposits of economic significance. Translocation techniques are being examined as a means of minimising the impact of mining on this species. In the absence of detailed information on the biology of Pseudomys chapmani, translocation is inadvisable. To provide such basic information, animal densities, mound demographics and population sizes, and home-range and core-area sizes were obtained by a combination of trapping and radio-tracking. Mounds of Pseudomys chapmani were found to be inhabited by social groups of up to 12 animals. Estimates of home-range size gave mean ( s.e.) values of 14·4 6·7 ha and 4·6 2·7 ha for males and females, respectively; core areas were recorded at 0·93 0·29 ha for males and 0·29 0·16 ha for females. Considerable overlap of home ranges was recorded between individuals from the same and different mounds. Overlap at the core-area level occurred only between individuals from the same mound. The high level of social complexity and mound fidelity indicates that translocations should be directed at the level of the social group rather than at the level of the individual.

scholarly journals Di fronte alla crisi

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Cerasi
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Active Intervention ◽  
Economic Culture ◽  
Economic Depression ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
Liberal Individualism ◽  
The Impact

The impact of the 1929 economic depression affected on the debate on corporatism at its peak, when the corporatist framework was still under construction and Giuseppe Bottai was Minister of the Corporations. By tracing the discussions stimulated by some key figures in the economic culture of the time – Gino Arias, Agostino Lanzillo, Francesco Vito – this contribution aims to to outline how the dispute about the new corporative economy might disclose some interesting features: namely, through the asserted primacy of ethics over liberal individualism, it would acknowledge the need for an active intervention of the State in the economic life, virtually capable of outliving the Fascist period.

THE IMPACT OF FAMILY PLANNING SUPPLY FACTORS ON UNMET NEED IN RURAL EGYPT 1988Ð1989

1999 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-326
Author(s):  
FIONA STEELE ◽  
FATMA EL-ZAHRAA M. M. GEEL
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
The Family ◽  
Potential Factors ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

This paper examines the reasons for the high level of unmet need for contraception in rural Egypt, using data from the individual survey and service availability module of the 1988Ð89 Egypt Demographic and Health Survey. Two broad sets of potential factors are considered: characteristics of a woman which influence her desire for children and thus her propensity to use contraception, and factors relating to the family planning service environment in which she lives. The results from a multivariate analysis show that certain individual characteristics, such as family composition and education, have a strong impact on the level of contraceptive use and on the proportion of total demand for spacing or limiting childbearing that is met by use of family planning. Unmet need, however, remains fairly constant across demographic and socioeconomic subgroups of the population. The largest variations in unmet need are regional, but elements of the family planning services, namely the provision of a community-based nurse who distributes family planning and female doctors at clinics, also play an important role.

scholarly journals The Effect of Psychological Empowerment in Achieving Organizational Citizenship Behavior – A Field Study on Azal Pharmaceutical Company –: أثر التمكين النفسي في تحقيق سلوك المواطنة التنظيمية – دراسة تطبيقية على شركة آزال لصناعة الأدوية –

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hosamalden Abdalziz Moustafa Mohammedan
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Organizational Citizenship ◽  
Organizational Citizenship Behavior ◽  
Psychological Empowerment ◽  
Citizenship Behavior ◽  
Work Efficiency ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

The study dealt with the impact of psychological empowerment in its dimensions (the importance of work, efficiency, independence, and influence) in achieving organizational citizenship behavior in Azal for the pharmaceutical industry, as the problem of the study was that business organizations were not interested in the psychological empowerment of workers, which affected the interest of individuals to take on the additional roles that come From organizational citizenship behavior. The study aimed to identify the impact of applying psychological empowerment in its dimensions (work significance, efficiency, independence, and influence) on achieving organizational citizenship behavior in Azal Pharmaceutical Industry. The importance of the study lies in the expected addition by presenting and testing a model of the relationship between psychological empowerment and organizational citizenship behavior. The main hypothesis has been tested: There is a statistically significant relationship between psychological empowerment in its dimensions (work importance, efficiency, independence, and influence) and the organizational citizenship behavior of the company in Azal Pharmaceutical Industry. The study is based on the descriptive and analytical approach as it describes the variables associated with the study and describes the characteristics of the study sample's vocabulary. The basic community consisted of (560) and a selected sample was chosen from all workers, where the sample size was (228) individuals. The results of the study demonstrated the impact of psychological empowerment in its dimensions (the importance of work, efficiency, independence, and influence) in achieving organizational citizenship behavior, that after the influence of the variables that have the most impact on organizational citizenship, the reason is that the individual who feels a high level of influence has the ability to move More than just performing the work required. The study recommended the necessity for the company to invest in the nature of the influence relationship between psychological empowerment and organizational citizenship behavior and to explore the best skills and methods to invest this relationship and to reflect the skills that the dimensions of psychological empowerment impart in refining organizational citizenship behaviors. The work and roles performed by the individual on the one hand, and the beliefs, values and behaviors on the other hand.

scholarly journals THE PRIORITY ORIENTATION OF THE PERSON OF A YOUNG DOCTOR IN PROFESSIONAL LIFE AND PROFESSIONAL TASKS

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-127
Author(s):  
S. M. Milekhin ◽  
D. P. Derbenev ◽  
D. A. Orlov
Keyword(s):  
Family Relationships ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
Young Doctor ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Personal Profile ◽  
A Priority ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

Purpose. The purpose of the study was to study the priority orientation of the personality of the young doctor in the professional sphere of life and the solution of professional problems. Materials and methods. The priority orientation of the individual to the professional sphere of life and the solution of professional tasks as a component of the professional socialization of young doctors was determined by us using the psychodiagnostic methodology “Motivation in professional activities” developed by B. Bass. This technique allows you to build a personal profile of the subject, based on three scales characterizing the level of orientation of the individual: the “case”, “self” and “communication”. The number of young doctors with a priority orientation of the individual to the professional sphere of life and the solution of professional tasks were attributed to the surveyed, in the personal profile of which the level of orientation “towards the case” was the highest and at the same time exceeded the level of the greatest of the two remaining directions of not less than 10% . The percentage of people with a priority orientation of the individual on the “case” was 35.0%, those with a priority focus on “themselves” 41.0%, on “communication” 24.0%. The object of the study was 600 young doctors of the Tver region at the age of 35 years with work experience in the specialty from 1 year. In total, the impact of 141 factors was analyzed by comparing the distribution of their gradations in the main and control groups. The significance of differences between distributions was estimated by calculating and verifying χ2. The presence of reliable χ2 (p < 0.05) allowed us to consider the influence of the corresponding factor as statistically significant. To assess the strength of the influence of factors, the coefficient of mutual conjugacy of Chuprov (K) was used. Results. Formation of the orientation of the individual to the professional sphere of life and the solution of professional tasks on the gradations of representative factors of conditions and lifestyle contributes to: a high level of health and an active desire for a healthy lifestyle, a relatively low level of alcohol consumption, a relatively high level of remuneration; availability of official documents of moral incentives (letters of appreciation and thanks); the fact of work in the period of study in a medical university; relatively prosperous family relationships (level assessed as excellent, good); relatively high level of relationships with colleagues (rated as excellent, good). This priority orientation of an individual is also the result of a relatively high importance for them as factors motivating the following to work: flexible working hours; the amount of sufficient information about what is happening in the medical institution; difficult and difficult work. The priority orientation of the individual to the professional sphere of life and the solution of the professional tasks of young doctors in a medical organization is determined by the dominance of such terminal value as “physical and mental health”. Conclusion. It is concluded that factors of the conditions and lifestyle of young doctors are of greater importance for its formation.

scholarly journals THE INTERACTIVE EFFECTS OF REMITTANCES ON ECONOMIC GROWTH AND INEQUALITY IN WESTERN BALKAN COUNTRIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 757-775
Author(s):  
Ujkan Q. Bajra
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
Migrant Remittances ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

Hardly any studies have investigated the impact of migrant remittances on economic growth (EG) and inequality in the Western Balkans as a whole (WB6). Using the method of instrumental variables (VI), the findings show that while remittances influence economic growth, their inflow also promotes a high level of migration and absorbs a large workforce by influencing the labor market and encouraging uncontrolled individual relocation. This paper also reveals that although remittances have eased income inequalities the share of remittances in a country’s economy has declined over the years. After testing for the endogeneity of remittances and controlling for various variables, the results indicate that migrant workers’ remittances do not provide strong support for economic growth and inequality. For the sample average, a 1-percent rise in the share of remittances in the economy (i.e., to GDP) will lead to a 0.10-percent rise in the economic cycle i.e. GDP growth, respectively will lead to a 0.05-percent drop in the share of people living in inequality. The findings also show that the interactive effect of remittances and foreign direct investment is lower on economic growth and inequality than the individual effect of each factor.

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