scholarly journals Influence of environmental factors and its associated health risks of noise pollution in Owerri Metropolis, Imo State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 001-010
Author(s):  
Mbaegbu Nnamdi O ◽  
Oparaocha Evangeline T ◽  
Ede Alison O ◽  
Zubair Abdulkarim I ◽  
Odupute Colman N ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Noise Level ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Noise Generation ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Descriptive Research

Noise pollution contributes to environmental degradation and poses a threat to human and terrestrial lives. Noise pollution can be regarded as environmental noise and the propagation of noise may develop a harmful impact on the activity of human or animal life. This study was conducted to determine the influence of environmental factors and its associated health risks of noise pollution in Owerri Metropolis, Nigeria. The study employed a cross sectional descriptive research design. Measurement of noise levels was carried out at 24 different locations. The sampling technique used in this study was a cluster sampling technique. The average reading for each location and each ward were calculated. Also, 900 respondents comprising adults who live and/or operate in the areas were interviewed on the health risks associated with noise, using structured and standardized questionnaire. The results obtained showed that the computed average noise level at the 24 different locations ranged from 79.4 – 95.8dB, and all of which were significantly (P<0.05) above the acceptable standard ranges of <80dB, thereby rating the noise level not acceptable because they can be capable of causing discomfort and pains in man. Influence of environmental factors on noise pollution; 29(3.2%) reported heavy vehicular traffic plying residential areas contributed to noise generation, 33(3.7%) said indiscriminate blowing of siren. Perceived health risks were reported as 47(5.2%) disturbs sleep, 24(2.7%) causes annoyance, 41(4.61%) causes headache and 21(2.3%) interference with conversation. In conclusion, environmental factors, poor education and lack of enforcement of the laws influence noise generation and there is need to check the level of noise pollution in Owerri Metropolis.

ADOLESCENT BEHAVIOR IN UNWANTED PREGNANCY PREVENTION

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Arip Ambulan Panjaitan
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Risky Sexual Behavior ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Adolescent Behavior ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Adolescent are at high risk of unwanted pragnency, including abortion, STIs, HIV/AIDS. Risky sexual behavior is one of the entrance transmissions of unwanted pregnancy. Such behavior can be influenced by various factors, beyond and within the individual factors. Teens need the support and motivation in deciding not to do risky sexual behavior. The purpose of this study was to investigate the determinants of adolescent behavior in the prevention of unwanted pregnancy.Methods: This research used cross-sectional design. The populations were students of senior high school in District Sintang. The were 123 respondents chosen by cluster sampling technique for this study. All data were collected using questionnaires and then analysed using bivariate (chi square) and multivariate analysis (logistic regression).Results: The results showed that the majority of respondents did not have good knowledge about the prevention of unwanted pregnancy. Related variable is the level of parental education (p=0.001), the support of parents/guardians (p=0.009), support teachers (p=0.005), peer support (p=0.039), residency (p=0.009), a pastime activity (p=0.000), knowledge of adolescents about reproductive health (p=0.016), perception ability of adolescents (p=0.006) and attitude of adolescents (p=0.049). Adolescent self-perception abilities are variables that most influence on the behavior of adolescents in the prevention of unwanted pregnancy.Conclusions: Efforts to improve reproductive health programs should be early and adolescent have responsibilities as well as healthy behaviors.

PENGETAHUAN IBU HAMIL TENTANG POSISI HUBUNGAN SEKSUAL PADA MASA KEHAMILAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Ni Wayan Noviani ◽  
Ni Komang Sari Suindani
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Sexual Relationship ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Sexual Relations ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Abstract Knowledge ◽  
Medium Education ◽  
Research Type

<p><strong><em>Abstract: Knowledge of Pregnant Women About Sexual Relations Position During Pregnancy</em></strong><em>. The purpose of this study was to determine the knowledge of pregnant women about the position of sexual relations during pregnancy in BPM Wahidah, S.ST Year 2017. This research type is descriptive research with cross sectional approach by using accidental sampling technique. The population of this study were pregnant women who did the examination in BPM Wahidah, S.ST. The number of samples is 50 respondents who meet the inclusion criteria. This research started from 6-21 february 2017. The result showed that pregnant woman's knowledge about the position of sexual relationship during pregnancy was mostly (54%) knowledgeable enough. A small percentage of respondents aged 20-35 years ie 11 people (22%) have enough knowledge, from the work showed that almost half of respondents ie 23 people (46%) who do not work have enough knowledge, from education showed that almost half of respondents or 16 people (32%) who have medium education have enough knowledge, and from parity shows that almost half of respondents are 14 people (28%) who are multiparous have enough knowledge.</em></p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Abstrak : Pengetahuan Ibu Hamil Tentang Posisi Hubungan Seksual Pada Masa Kehamilan. </strong>Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang posisi hubungan seksual pada masa kehamilan di BPM Wahidah, S.ST Tahun 2017. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan <em>cross sectional </em>dengan menggunakan teknik <em>accidental sampling. </em>Populasi penelitian ini adalah ibu hamil yang melakukan pemeriksaan di BPM Wahidah, S.ST.Jumlah sampel sebanyak 50 responden yang memenuhi criteria inklusi.Penelitian ini dimulai dari tanggal 6-21 februari 2017. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang posisi hubungan seksual pada masa kehamilan sebagian besar (54%) berpengetahuan cukup. sebagian kecil responden umur 20-35 tahun yaitu 11 orang (22%) memiliki pengetahuan cukup, dari pekerjaan menunjukkan bahwa hampir setengahnya responden yaitu 23 orang (46%) yang tidak bekerja memiliki pengetahuan cukup, dari pendidikan menunjukkan bahwa hampir setengahnya responden atau 16 orang (32%) yang berpendidikan menengah mempunyai pengetahuan cukup, dan dari paritas menunjukkan bahwa hampir setengahnya responden yaitu 14 orang (28%) yang multipara memiliki pengetahuan cukup.</p>

Gambaran Tingkat Kecemasan Keluarga Merawat Pasien Dengan Skizofrenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (01) ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
Ni Nengah Nikawati ◽  
Ni Made Sri Muryani
Keyword(s):  
Family Members ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Consecutive Sampling ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Sense Of Security ◽  
Anxiety Levels ◽  
Severe Anxiety

Background: Anxiety is a feeling felt by respondents regarding disturbing mental tension, which as a general reaction with the inability to overcome a problem or there is no sense of security, which later leads to a physiological and psychological change. The level of family anxiety can be assessed by using a questionnaire with each respondent's characteristics and level of anxiety can be divided into several parts, namely: normal anxiety levels, mild anxiety levels, moderate anxiety levels, severe anxiety levels and panic. Objective: Knowing the description of the level of family anxiety in caring for patients with schizophrenia at the Mental Poliklinik UPTD. Rumah Sakit Jiwa Provinsi Bali and the characteristics of families caring for patients with schizophrenia based on education, age, and type of work. Methods: The research method that used in this study was descriptive research. This study used a cross sectional study, which was a study in which the subjects were evaluated only once and the measurement of each only one variable at the same time that using sampling consecutive sampling technique. The sample used was 32 people consisting of family members of hallucinations patients. Results: Based on research conducted at the Poliklinik UPTD. Rumah Sakit Jiwa Provinsi Bali toward 32 family members who was caring for patients by schizophrenia, most family members did not experience anxiety or anxiety in the normal range which was 29 family members of 32 family members and 3 families who experienced mild anxiety levels. Conclusion: That most family members who treated patients by schizophrenia at the Poliklinik UPTD. Rumah sakit Jiwa Provinsi Bali does not experience anxiety or anxiety still within normal limits. Latar Belakang: Kecemasan adalah suatu perasaan yang dirasakan oleh responden mengenai ketegangan mental yang menggelisahkan, dimana sebagai reaksi umum dengan ketidakmampuan dalam mengatasi suatu masalah atau tidak ada rasa aman, yang nantinya menimbulkan suatu perubahan fisiologis dan psikologis. Keluarga yang memiliki anggota keluarga dengan  gangguan jiwa dapat mengalami kecemasan Tingkat kecemasan keluarga dengan skizofrenia yaitu cemas ringan (80,49%) dan 8 keluarga mengalami cemas sedang (19,51%). Tujuan: Mengetahui gambaran tingkat kecemasan keluarga dalam merawat pasien dengan skizofrenia di Poliklinik Jiwa UPTD Rumah Sakit Jiwa Provinsi Bali dan karakteristik keluarga yang merawat pasien dengan skizofrenia berdasarkan pendidikan, umur, dan jenis pekerjaan. Metode: Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian bersifat deskriptif. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian cross sectional yaitu suatu penelitian dimana subjek diobsevasi hanya satu kali saja dan pengukurannya masing-masing satu variabel pada waktu yang sama yang menggunakan teknik sampling consecutive sampling. Sampel yang digunakan berjumlah 32 orang terdiri dari anggota keluarga pasien Halusinasi. Hasil: Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan di Poliklinik Jiwa UPTD. Rumah Sakit Jiwa Provinsi Bali terhadap 32 anggota keluarga yang merawat pasien dengan skizofrenia, sebagian besar anggota keluarga tidak mengalami kecemasan atau kecemasan masih dalam batas normal jumlah 29 anggota keluarga dari 32 anggota keluarga dan 3 keluarga yang mengalami tingkat kecemasan ringan. Kesimpulan: Sebagian besar anggota keluarga yang merawat pasien dengan skizofrenia di Poliklinik Jiwa UPTD. Rumah Sakit Jiwa Provinsi Bali tidak mengalami kecemasan atau kecemasan masih dalam batas normal.

scholarly journals Relationship between Peer Pressure and Risk of Eating Disorders among Adolescents in Jordan

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nihaya A. Al-sheyab ◽  
Tamer Gharaibeh ◽  
Khalid Kheirallah
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Peer Influence ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Disordered Eating Behaviors

Background. The prevalence of disordered eating behaviors (DEBs) have increased worldwide. It is estimated that about 31.6% of Jordanian adolescents developed DEB. Engaging in peer groups is a prominent event in which adolescents try to belong to peers as part of exploring their social identity. Purpose. To assess the relationship between risk of eating disorders and peer pressure among adolescents. Methods. A descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional design utilized multistage cluster sampling technique was used to recruit students from 8th to 10th grades from both sexes from schools in northern Jordan. Data were collected from a self-administered, online questionnaire which was given to 738 participants. Results. The difference in overall mean of the Inventory of Peer Influence on Eating Concerns (I-PIEC) between adolescents with disordered eating behaviors and normal eating behaviors states was statistically significant. Scores for interaction peer pressure means were statistically higher for girls than for boys; conversely, likeability mean scores were statistically higher for boys than girls. Conclusions. The current findings suggest that healthcare professionals are encouraged to conduct appropriate school-based primary prevention for disordered eating behaviors.

scholarly journals Students’ Confidence Instrument Analysis in Poetry Learning through Rasch Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 289-299
Author(s):  
Nandang Rusmana ◽  
Anne Hafina ◽  
Risnawati Oktavia Wardhany ◽  
Dodi Suryana
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Rasch Model ◽  
Item Difficulty ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Partial Credit Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Confidence Levels ◽  
Student Confidence

Background: Students' low confidence becomes the reasons for conducting this research whereas it is one of the most important skills needed to develop ability and potency. Objective: This research aims to obtain information about Students' confidence levels in Bahasa Indonesia's subject, especially in poetry learning. Materials and Methods: This research employed a cross-sectional study with the quantitative approach. Participants of this research were 45 fifth grade students in Cibeureum Elementary School and 50th grade students in Kotabaru Elementary School 2019/2020 academic year. The self-report questionnaires were used as a research instrument to measure Students' confidence levels with the cluster sampling technique. Data were analyzed using the Partial Credit Model (PCM). These parameters are identified with the category coefficients and the scoring function of the Rasch model for polychotomous responses in which the latent trait is assumed uni-dimensional. Results: The trial results showed that as many as 13 items proved to be compatible with PCM instruments, the reliability of the instrument was 0.74, the item difficulty index started from -0.36 to 0.36 which meant that all items in the category were sufficient. Conclusion: This development instrument is valid and really measures the effect of student confidence on poetry learning, so it can be used to measure student confidence in poetry learning.

scholarly journals Exploring the Knowledge Levels of Bankers on Health Risks of Overweight and Obesity: A Cross-Sectional Study, Ghana

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
JUSTICE JONATHAN ◽  
Stephen Baba ◽  
Etornam Kwawudade Kezia ◽  
Solomon Abambila ◽  
Charity Gyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Risks ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Education And Awareness ◽  
Growing Economy

Background: Overweight and obesity are becoming serious public health menace in the world today. Weight gain is skyrocketing across the globe due to growing economy, fast food expansion and a shift towards more sedentary living. However, most people lack knowledge regarding risks associated with overweight and obesity. Aim: The study aimed to explore the knowledge level of bankers in the Ho Municipality on the health risks associated with overweight and obesity. Methodology: A cross-sectional study design with quantitative method was employed. The study spanned from September 7, 2018 to April 25, 2019. A self-administered questionnaire and convenience sampling technique were used to obtain data. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics 21 Developer and the results presented in statistical tables and graphs. Results: Of 136 participants investigated, 67 (49.3%) were between 31 - 40 years. 2 participants (1.5%) were underweight, 49(36.0%) had normal weight, 43(31.6%) were overweight while 42 (30.9%) were obese. The study revealed that female bankers were prone to overweight (37.78%) while the males were prone to obesity (56.52%). Participants generally had low knowledge and awareness on health risks of overweight and obesity. Conclusion: Most bankers in the Ho Municipality were overweight and obese due to insufficient knowledge and low awareness on the risks associated with overweight and obesity. Public education and awareness creation are urgently needed to stem the tide.

scholarly journals The Potential Risk of Hearing Loss on Noise-Exposed Housewives : An Observational Study at Sukosari Madiun Railway Residentia

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Kartika Elisabet Krisnanti ◽  
Lilis Sulistyorini
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Standard Set ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Test Result

Introduction: Hearing loss events often occur in communities who exposed to high-intensity noise and for long periods. Residents who lived around the railway tracks had a high risk of experiencing hearing loss. This study aims to analyze the potential risk of hearing loss in housewives who for 1x24 hours was always exposed to train noise. Method: This research was an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design. The sample of this study was 42 housewives who were divided into 2 groups: 21 people exposed to noise and 21 people not exposed to noise. Respondents were selected using a simple random sampling technique. Research data obtained through interviews and observations. Measurement of noise intensity using a whisper test. Result and Discussion: Measurement of day and night noise (L = 65,9 dBA) has exceeded the noise quality standard set for residential areas which were 55 dBA. The results showed that noise (p = 0,030; OR = 5,846) had a strong correlation with hearing loss. While age (p = 0,416), length of stay (p = 1,000), the presence of a barrier (p = 0,465) did not have a significant correlation with hearing loss. Conclusion: Housewives who were exposed to noise have the potential risk of hearing loss. Therefore, efforts must be made to adjust the distance of the settlement and the installation of sound dampers to reduce the risk of hearing loss.

scholarly journals An evaluation of compliance with the cigarettes and other tobacco products act 2003 in Koppal district, Karnataka

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 3113
Author(s):  
Vijaykumar P. Mane ◽  
Yuvaraj Bhanot Yenkanaik ◽  
Shankrappa Dhanapur ◽  
Sangappa Yallammanavar ◽  
Rashmi Sreenivasamurthy
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Sample Selection ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tobacco Products

Background: Tobacco is a major risk factor for a number of diseases affecting all age groups. One person dies every six seconds due to tobacco use and up to half of current users will eventually die of a tobacco-related disease. Government of India has enacted cigarette and other tobacco products act (COTPA) in the year 2003 to control tobacco use. The objective of study was to estimate the level of compliance to selected sections (4 to 9) of COTPA (cigarette and other tobacco products – prohibition of advertisement and regulation of trade and commerce, production, supply and distribution) act, 2003 in Koppal district, Karnataka.Methods: The present study was a cross sectional study conducted as an independent evaluation of COTPA act 2003 in Koppal district as per National Tobacco Control Program guidelines. Cluster sampling technique was used for sample selection and sample consisted of 158 public places, 102 educational institutional, 87 shops/ sell points and 60 tobacco products. Data entry and analysis was done using microsoft office excel 2013.Results: The prevalence of compliance to section 4, 5, 6A, 6B, 7, 8 and 9 of COTPA act 2003 in Koppal district were 80.3%, 96.5%, 98.9%, 64.8%, 53.3%, 63.3% and 50% respectively.Conclusions: Compliance level was poor especially in relation to display of health warnings on tobacco products which needs to be tackled through strict enforcement of the existing laws.

scholarly journals Patients’ satisfaction with quality of care in general hospitals in Ebonyi State, Nigeria, using SERVQUAL theory

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 205031212094512
Author(s):  
MaryJoy Umoke ◽  
Prince Christian Ifeanachor Umoke ◽  
Ignatius O Nwimo ◽  
Chioma Adaora Nwalieji ◽  
Rosemary N Onwe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Care ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Healthcare Facility ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
General Hospitals ◽  
Patients Satisfaction

Background: Patient satisfaction is an essential parameter in the assessment of quality of care and healthcare facility performance. Objective: To investigate patients’ satisfaction with quality of care in general hospitals in Ebonyi State, South East, Nigeria, using the SERVQUAL. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study design was employed on a sample of 400 patients using a 27-item structured open-ended patients’ satisfaction questionnaire with a multi-stage cluster sampling technique. Patients included in the study were those who must have come for an outpatient clinic within the period, be 18 years and above, and those who gave consent to participate. Of 400 questionnaires administered, 396 (99%) were retrieved. SPSS version 20 was used for data analysis. Descriptive statistics, such as frequencies, percentages, mean score ( x), and standard deviation, were employed for interpretation. Results: Out of 396 patients, 156 (39.4%) were male and 240 (60.6%) were females. Most patients were 18–39 years (233 (58.8%)), had secondary education (139 (35.1%)), married (221 (55.8%)), earned <18,000 (170(42.9%)), and were traders (136 (34.3%)). Patients were satisfied with tangibility (2.57 ± 0.99) and reliability (2.84 ± 0.95) and very satisfied with responsiveness (3.06 ± 0.63), assurance (3.07 ± 0.63), and empathy (3.12 ± 0.57). Conclusions: Patients were satisfied with the quality of care. However, satisfaction was highest with empathy and lowest with tangibility. Thus, managers should focus their quality improvement efforts on areas of the neat appearance of health workers, waiting facilities for attendants and patients, and hygienic conditions at the hospital. Also, biannual assessment of patients’ satisfaction should be done and the results generated use judiciously to provide a platform for health sector reform.

scholarly journals Does the Frequency of Watching Television Matters on Overweight and Obesity among Reproductive Age Women in Ethiopia?

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Ahmed ◽  
Abdu Seid ◽  
Adnan Kemal
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reproductive Age Women

Background. Studies in developed countries have revealed an association of different magnitudes between watching television and the risk of being overweight and obese among reproductive age women. Even so, there is no evidence of such an association in the context of the Ethiopian population. Hence, the study aimed to assess the association between watching television with overweight and obesity in a nationally representative sample of Ethiopian women. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted by using secondary data analysis from 2016 Ethiopia demographic and health survey among women aged from 15 to 49 years. The samples were selected using a two-stage stratified cluster sampling technique. A total of 10,074 women were included in the analysis. The outcome variables were both overweight and obesity, whereas the main exposure variable was the frequency of watching television. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed for adjusting potential confounders. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals was used to declare a statistically significant association. Results. The study found that watching television at least once a week was significantly associated with both overweight (AOR: 1.79; 95% CI: 1.20–2.73) and obesity (AOR: 3.76; 95% CI: 2.04–6.95). The study also divulged that the odds of overweight were higher among women aged 25–39 years (AOR: 2.17; 95% CI: 1.25–3.77) and 40–49 years (AOR: 2.69; 95% CI: 1.45–5.00), urban residents (AOR: 1.76; 95% CI:1.17–2.65), attended higher education (AOR:2.11; 95% CI: 1.22–3.65), and richest in the wealth index (AOR: 2.83; 95% CI:1.71–4.68). Similarly, the odds of obesity were higher among women aged 25–39 years and 40–49 years, attended higher education, and the richest in wealth index. Conclusions. The results from this study demonstrated that watching television at least once a week is associated with obesity among reproductive age women in Ethiopia. Therefore, a social behavioral change communication campaign needs to be taken to improve awareness regarding the harmful consequences of watching television for long hours. Further research studies should be conducted among men and adolescents to determine whether this positive association exists among that target population as well.

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