scholarly journals Swine erysipelas, clinical diagnosis and medical management: cases in farm near the city of Lubumbashi

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-333
Author(s):  
Bonheur kumwimba ◽  
Hyacinthe nyandwe ◽  
Arthur ngulu nsasi
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Medical Management ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Cure Rate ◽  
Large White ◽  
Land Race ◽  
Pig Farms ◽  
Swine Erysipelas ◽  
The City

The general objective of our work was to diagnose swine erysipelas, treat infected pigs and determine the prevalence of this pathology on the farm near the city of Lubumbashi. It is located 30 km from the city of Lubumbashi, on the axis of the Kasenga road, to the east of the Haut-Katanga Province. This disease plays a key role in perpetuating the downfall of pig farms. That’s why we asked ourselves the following questions: · What would be the categories of pigs most affected by this disease? · What would be the level of information for breeders and the risk of infection? · At what rate would the losses be assessed on the farms examined? This work concerns a farm that experienced swine fever a year earlier and whose pigs were not vaccinated against erysipelas. This disease is a major cause of death in pigs. The prospective method in clinical diagnosis and care was applied to 98 pigs from 4 zootechnical categories, namely piglets, sows, castrated males and boars. The data collected in this study revealed a prevalence of 81.6% with a mortality rate of 61.2% and a cure rate of 20.4%. Only 18.4% of pigs were not affected by the disease. The study carried out, involved 98 pigs of different categories including 37 piglets, 35 sows, 6 boars and 20 castrated. These pigs were of exotic Land race, large white, Piétrain and Duroc. There are also hybrid pigs. We concluded that the results obtained in our research on swine erysipelas concern 98 study animals divided into 4 zootechnical categories. It appeared 80 pigs or 81.6% were struck by erysipelas and only 18 or 18.4% had remained healthy. The infection rate was thus 81.6%.

scholarly journals Epidemiological aspects of toxoplasmosis in schoolchildren residing in localities with urban or rural characteristics within the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

1987 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilson J. S. Souza ◽  
Sergio G. Coutinho ◽  
Carlos Wilson G. Lopes ◽  
Carlos S. dos Santos ◽  
Nadia M. Neves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Urban Region ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Urban Regions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The City ◽  
Undercooked Meat

Immunofluorescence tests (IF) for toxoplasmosis were performed on a total of 608 schoolchildren in elementary and junior high grades. 166 being in the Bonsucesso district (an urban region of Rio de Janeiro) and 442 children from locations within the lowlands of Jacarepaguá (with rural characteristics). All the IF-IgM were nonreactive, whilst 416 schoolchildren (68.4%) were IF-IgG serum-reactive ([greater than or equal to] 1:16). The percentages of serum-reactives in Jacarepaguá were significantly higher than in Bonsucesso, both as regards the total number of schoolchildren (p < 0.001), as also when subdivided according to the age-grades from six to eight years (p < 0.001) or from twelve to fourteen (p < 0.05). Both in Jacarepaguá and in Bonsucesso, the prevalence of reactions in the 12 to 14 year age-grade was significantly greater than in the 6 to 8 year age-grade (p < 0.001 in both cases). Expressively larger prevalences of serum reactions were found in Jacarepaguá among schoolchildren who preferred eating raw or undercooked meat, as well as among those having cats as pets; this occurred equally in the 6 to 8 year and in the 12 to 14 year age-grades. In Bonsucesso, the only significant difference was in the 6 to 8 year age-grades that had cats as pets. Thus, it has been verified that the risk of infection is greater and more precocious in localities with rural characteristics than in urban regions.

scholarly journals Taranto’s long shadow? Cancer mortality shows alarming peaks for specific types in the most polluted city of Italy but also in surrounding towns

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Roberto Cazzolla Gatti ◽  
Alena Velichevskaya
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
National Scale ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Specific Cancer ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
Heavy Pollution ◽  
High Level ◽  
Epidemiological Effects ◽  
The City

AbstractA national-scale study in Italy showed an incidence of cancer higher in the territories indicated as highly polluted compared to the regional average. One of them, the city of Taranto in Apulia (Italy), which is considered one of the most polluted cities in Europe, has numerous industrial activities that impact population health. We studied the epidemiological effects of a high level of pollution produced by the industrial area of Taranto in increasing the mortality rate for some specific cancer types in the city and towns of the two provinces located downwind. We analysed 10-year mortality rates for 14 major types of tumours reported among the residents of Taranto, of 6 surrounding towns, randomly placed within an imaginary cone in the main wind direction from the vertex of the industrial zone of Taranto. Our results confirm our hypothesis that the mortality rate for some specific types of cancer (namely, Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas, leukaemia, liver and bladder tumours) are higher than the norm in the municipality of Taranto and we have evidence that other local causes may be implicated in the excess of mortality besides the potential dispersal of pollutants from the industrial area of Taranto. The proximity to the industrial area of Taranto cannot, therefore, explain alone the anomalies detected in some populations. It is likely that other site-specific sources of heavy pollution are playing a role in worsening the death toll of these towns and this must be taken into serious consideration by environmental policy-makers and local authorities.

scholarly journals Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics of Infections Associated with Surgery and Treatment of Oncological Diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-156
Author(s):  
G. G. Badamshina ◽  
V. B. Ziatdinov ◽  
L. M. Fatkhutdinova ◽  
G. M. Тrukhina ◽  
B. A. Bakirov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Structure ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Managerial Decision ◽  
Efficient Tool ◽  
Epidemiological Analysis ◽  
Oncological Diseases ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics ◽  
The City ◽  
Statistical Record

Introduction. In the Russian Federation there is a constantly updated register of infections associated with surgery and the treatment of oncological diseases reporting which is mandatory. Massive expenses and detriment to patients’ health caused by these infections prompted the authors to run a retrospective epidemiological analysis of the morbidity registered in the population of the city of Kazan during the period under review. This paper presents a study of patterns of the emergence and spread of nosocomial infections.This study aims to examine the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of infections associated with surgery and the treatment of oncological diseases registered in the population of the city of Kazan.Materials and methods. Authors analysed the Emergency Notifications for an Infectious Disease (form 058/u) as well as the data from the Rospotrebnadzor Federal Statistical Record Form №2. The paper presents the morbidity annual dynamics, structure and spatial characteristics and describes key pathogens of HAIs.Results and discussion. On the basis of the data obtained the authors give clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the annual dynamics of the morbidity characterised by recurrent rises during the year with the top incidence in the autumn. Neonatal PSI infections dominate the HAIs incidence structure (52.8%). St. aureus is the priority HAI pathogen (26.5% of cases) in the city of Kazan.Conclusion. Microbiological monitoring of emerging HAIs is an efficient tool for managerial decision making and the development of an algorithm for anti-epidemic measures in the departments and the hospital as a whole for the reduction of risk of infection.

scholarly journals The effect of double-carbapenem therapy on mortality rates and microbiological cure rates in patients diagnosed with carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae infections in comparison to monotherapy and currently used combinations of antibiotics

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. e000243
Author(s):  
Rhiannon Olivia Moody
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Cure Rate ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Hospitalised Patients ◽  
Microbiological Cure

Introduction: Infection with the bacteria carpamenease-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae represents a significant cause of mortality in hospitalised patients. These multidrug resistant bacteria are resistant to currently used antibiotics as a result of carbapenemase production. Dual carbapenem therapy has been proposed as a valid therapeutic option, this therapy combines two carbapenem antibiotics, with one acting as a suicide inhibitor allowing the subsequent carbapenem to exert a bactericidal effect. Aim: The aim of this meta-analysis was to determine if dual carbapenem therapy had a significant effect on mortality rate and microbiological cure rate in patients diagnosed with carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae infections in comparison to standard antibiotic therapies. Methods: The search terms “(dual OR double) carbapenem (therapy OR treatment) AND klebsiella pneumoniae” were used to search databases and inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to retrieved papers, a total of seven studies were identified for inclusion in the meta-analysis. The quality of included studies was assessed using the cochrane tool for risk of bias assessment and funnel plots were produced to determine the influence of publication bias. A random effects model was used to assess the outcomes; mortality rate and microbiological cure rate. Results and Conclusion: Dual carbapenem therapy had a time dependent effect on patient mortality rates. Dual carbapenem therapy significantly lowered  mortality rates in patients in comparison to standard antibiotic therapy, especially in comparison to monotherapy treatment regimens. Additionally, dual carbapenem therapy significantly improved microbiological cure rate in patients when compared to standard antibiotic treatment regimens demonstrating the possible clinical applications of a dual carbapenem antibiotic regimen in the treatment of carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae infections. 

scholarly journals THE DYNAMICS OF CHANGES IN STRUCTURE INDICES OF INFANT MORTALITY IN ST. PETERSBURG DURING 2005-2017 YEARS

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-160
Author(s):  
A. S. Simakhodsky ◽  
L. D. Sevostianova ◽  
U. V. Gorelik ◽  
N. P. Akincheva ◽  
U. V. Kolechko
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Long Period ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Structure Indices ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The City

The review presents the literature data and, revealed by authors, the patterns of changes in the dynamics of the infant mortality rate and its structure over a long period (2005-2017) in St. Petersburg. This index is one of the lowest in the Russian Federation. There are analyzed changes in the individual components of the structure of the infant mortality rate, related both to objective and subjective factors. In the city of St. Petersburg there was shown a persistent decline in the infant mortality rate due to the implementation of federal and city programs, closely correlated with structural components. The authors believe the positive dynamics of structural components in St. Petersburg to indicate the organization of all types of specialized and high-tech medical care for newborns.

scholarly journals Infection by Platynosomum illiciens (= P. fastosum) in domestic cats of Araguaína, Tocantins, northern Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 786-789
Author(s):  
Maria Cirlene Gomes de Oliveira Sobral ◽  
Sebastiana Adriana Pereira Sousa ◽  
Taiã Mairon Peixoto Ribeiro ◽  
Samara Rocha Galvão ◽  
Ruth Martins Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Parasite Load ◽  
The State ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Mean Intensity ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Northern Brazil ◽  
Wild Cats ◽  
The City

Abstract Platynosomiasis is a hepatopathy caused by Platynosomum illiciens(= P. fastosum) (Trematoda: Dicrocoelidae), which occurs mainly in domestic and wild cats in tropical and subtropical areas. The objective of this study was to verify the occurrence of P. illiciens infection in domestic cats in the city of Araguaína, Tocantins, Brazil, using necropsy and coproparasitological tests. Additionally, we aimed to evaluate the use of two different techniques to diagnose P. illiciens infection in domestic cats and verify whether this parasitism was associated with individual feline characteristics. For this, 54 cats of different ages were analyzed. The percentage of infection was 33.3% (CI = 21.1-47.5%), parasite load was 9-509, mean intensity was 151.7, and mean abundance was 50.5 trematodes per animal. The risk of infection was higher for females than for males (OR = 5.00; P = 0.017). The spontaneous sedimentation coproparasitological test demonstrated the greatest sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing P. illiciens. This study is the first to report the occurrence of P. illiciens in cats in the state of Tocantins, northern Brazil.

The Novel Coronavirus: A Major Global Health Concern

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Care Staff ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Health Care Staff ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Runny Nose ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Nucleoprotein N ◽  
The City

Today, Coronavirus (Cov) is one of the most dangerous diseases worldwide, and many people suffer from it. Coronavirus as a deadly virus was first recognized and spread in the City of Wuhan, Province of Hubei, China. This virion contains nucleocapsid, which is consists of phosphorylated nucleoprotein (N) and genomic RNA. The RNA of coronaviruses is enveloped, not fragmented, and is a positively sensitive single-stranded RNA that is known to be the largest viral genome in various sizes from 26 to 32 kV. Cov usually tends to provoke mild to severe respiratory disease. The symptoms of Cov may comprise headache, cough, fever, sore throat, runny nose, and a discomfort sensation. People with chronic diseases and health care staff are at greater risk of infection. Some compounds, such as mycophenolic acid and cyclosporine A, RNAi, and monoclonal antibodies have shown inhibitory effects against Cov. This article briefly discusses the nature, symptoms, transmission, treatment, prevention, and protection of this deadly virus.

scholarly journals On-Site Medical Management of Avalanche Victims—A Narrative Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (19) ◽  
pp. 10234
Author(s):  
Simon Rauch ◽  
Giacomo Strapazzon ◽  
Hermann Brugger
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Medical Management ◽  
Site Management ◽  
Mountain Regions ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Traumatic Injuries ◽  
Favorable Prognosis ◽  
Air Pocket

Avalanche accidents are common in mountain regions and approximately 100 fatalities are counted in Europe each year. The average mortality rate is about 25% and survival chances are mainly determined by the degree and duration of avalanche burial, the patency of the airway, the presence of an air pocket, snow characteristics, and the severity of traumatic injuries. The most common cause of death in completely buried avalanche victims is asphyxia followed by trauma. Hypothermia accounts for a minority of deaths; however, hypothermic cardiac arrest has a favorable prognosis and prolonged resuscitation and extracorporeal rewarming are indicated. In this article, we give an overview on the pathophysiology and on-site management of avalanche victims.

scholarly journals Traumatismo cranoencefálico: principal causa de morbilidad y mortalidad en el maltrato infantil en manizales, 2003-2010./Head injury: main cause of disease and mortality in child abuse Manizales. 2003-2010

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis miguel Ramírez restrepo ◽  
Jose vicente Aguirre arango
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Definitive Diagnosis ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Qualitative Variables ◽  
The City ◽  
Sistemas De Informacion

Objetivo: determinar que el traumatismo craneoencefálico (TEC) en menores de 18 años es la principal causa de morbilidad y mortalidad en el maltrato infantil, en la modalidad de agresión o maltrato físico, en la ciudad de Manizales durante el período 2003-2010. Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo retrospectivo en 2 468 menores de 18 años con maltrato infantil. Las variables estudiadas para agresor y víctima fueron: edad; género; nivel de escolaridad; seguridad social; residencia habitual; diagnóstico definitivo; conducta; relación con el agredido; ocupación; estado civil; factor asociado y mortalidad. Las variables cualitativas se describieron con frecuencias absolutas y relativas y las cuantitativas con medidas de tendencia central y de dispersión. La información fue procesada con el programa estadístico SPSS v15.0. Resultados: de un total de 2 468 menores de 18 años con maltrato, 972 presentaron maltrato físico, y de estos, cuatro evidenciaron lesiones en cabeza y cara.  De 15 701 defunciones, 5,4% (854 muertes), fue en menores de 18 años. De las 854 muertes, 52 (6,1%), presentaron TEC y de éstas, se identificaron cuatro casos cuya causa externa fue maltrato físico. Conclusiones: el TEC constituye la principal causa de morbilidad y mortalidad generada por el maltrato infantil físico; dadas sus manifestaciones clínicas precisas se requiere la actualización del médico y por ende, de los contenidos curriculares.  Los sistemas de información sobre maltrato infantil tienen falencias. La tasa de mortalidad encontrada en este estudio es inferior a la reportada por otros investigadores.. * MD. Neurólogo-Neurocirujano. Magister en Educación. Docencia. Profesor Titular. U. de  Manizales.**Epidemiólogo. Estadístico en Salud. Profesional en Salud Ocupacional. Candidato a Magister en Salud Pública. U. Autónoma de Manizales. Objective: to determine that the traumatic brain injury (TBI) in children under 18 yearsis the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in child abuse, in the form of aggressionor physical abuse, in the city of Manizales in the period 2003-2010. Materials andMethods: a descriptive retrospective 2468 under 18 with child abuse. The variablesstudied for aggressor and victim were age, gender, level of education, social security,residence, definitive diagnosis, behavior, regarding the assault, occupation, maritalstatus and mortality associated factor. Qualitative variables were described with absoluteand relative frequencies, and the quantitative measures of central tendencyand dispersion. The information was processed with SPSS v15.0. Results: a totalof 2 468 children under 18 years with abuse, physical abuse had 972, and of these,four showed lesions in the head and face. Of 15 701 deaths, 5,4% (854 deaths), wasunder 18. Of the 854 deaths, 52 (6,1%) presented TEC and of these, four cases wereidentified whose external cause was physical abuse. Conclusions: the TEC is theleading cause of morbidity and mortality caused by physical child abuse, given theirprecise clinical update is required doctor and therefore the curriculum. Informationsystems have flaws child abuse. The mortality rate found in this study is lower thanreported by other researchers.

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