scholarly journals PREPARASI DAN KARAKTERISASI ARANG DARI AMPAS SAGU SEBAGAI ADSORBEN DALAM MENURUNKAN KADAR COD DAN BOD LIMBAH CAIR PABRIK TAHU

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
Victor Kayadoe ◽  
Sunarti Sunarti ◽  
Yeslia Utubira ◽  
Nova Kayadoe
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Batch Method ◽  
Carbon Peak ◽  
Low Crystallinity

The preparation and characterization of charcoal from sago pulp as an adsorbent in reducing content of COD and BOD of tofu factory waste has been carried out. Sago pulp has been turned into charcoal through carbonization at 400oC for 2 hours. The results of charcoal characterization using XRD show that the carbon produced from sago pulp carbonization has a low crystallinity which is indicated by a wide peak at around 2θ 23oC, which is the characteristic carbon peak. The results of characterization using Surface Area Analyzer show that the pores in the sago pulp charcoal are very few and irregular, and dominated by macropores. The results of the characterization using SEM showed that sago pulp charcoal had very few pores. The material is dominated by the residue from the results of non-porous carbonization. Performance as an adsorbent to reduce the content of COD and BOD in tofu mill wastewater by batch method shows the capacity and efficiency of adsorption on COD of 75.00 mg/g and 35.21%, respectively.  While capacity and efficiency of adsorption on COD of 7.00 mg / g and 3.57%, respectively

Development and Characterization of Amine-Clay Hybrid Adsorbents for CO2 Capture

2016 ◽  
Vol 1133 ◽  
pp. 547-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali E.I. Elkhalifah ◽  
Mohammad Azmi Bustam ◽  
Azmi Mohd Shariff ◽  
Sami Ullah ◽  
Nadia Riaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Surface Properties ◽  
Molar Mass ◽  
Adsorption Ability ◽  
Stepwise Increase ◽  
Inverse Effect ◽  
Bet Method ◽  
Sodium Form

The present work aims at a better understanding of the influences of the intercalated mono-, di- and triethanolamines on the characteristics and CO2 adsorption ability of sodium form of bentonite (Na-bentonite). The results revealed that the molar mass of intercalated amines significantly influenced the structural and surface properties as well as the CO2 adsorption capacity of Na-bentonite. In this respect, a stepwise increase in the d-spacing of Na-bentonite with the molar mass of amine was recorded by XRD technique. However, an inverse effect of the molar mass of amine on the surface area was confirmed by BET method. CO2 adsorption experiments on amine-bentonite hybrid adsorbents showed that the CO2 adsorption capacity inversly related to the molar mass of amine at 25 ͦC and 101 kPa. Accordingly, Na-bentonite modified by monoethanolammonium cations adsorbed as high as 0.475 mmol CO2/g compared to 0.148 and 0.087 mmol CO2/g for that one treated with di- and triethanolammonium cations, respectively.

scholarly journals Preparation and Characterization of the Sulfur-Impregnated Natural Zeolite Clinoptilolite for Hg(II) Removal from Aqueous Solutions

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 217
Author(s):  
Marin Ugrina ◽  
Martin Gaberšek ◽  
Aleksandra Daković ◽  
Ivona Nuić
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Modification ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Natural Zeolite ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Liquid Ratio ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Solid Liquid

Sulfur-impregnated zeolite has been obtained from the natural zeolite clinoptilolite by chemical modification with Na2S at 150 °C. The purpose of zeolite impregnation was to enhance the sorption of Hg(II) from aqueous solutions. Chemical analysis, acid and basic properties determined by Bohem’s method, chemical behavior at different pHo values, zeta potential, cation-exchange capacity (CEC), specific surface area, X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), as well as thermogravimetry with derivative thermogravimetry (TG-DTG) were used for detailed comparative mineralogical and physico-chemical characterization of natural and sulfur-impregnated zeolites. Results revealed that the surface of the natural zeolite was successfully impregnated with sulfur species in the form of FeS and CaS. Chemical modification caused an increase in basicity and the net negative surface charge due to an increase in oxygen-containing functional groups as well as a decrease in specific surface area and crystallinity due to the formation of sulfur-containing clusters at the zeolite surface. The sorption of Hg(II) species onto the sulfur-impregnated zeolite was affected by the pH, solid/liquid ratio, initial Hg(II) concentration, and contact time. The optimal sorption conditions were determined as pH 2, a solid/liquid ratio of 10 g/L, and a contact time of 800 min. The maximum obtained sorption capacity of the sulfur-impregnated zeolite toward Hg(II) was 1.02 mmol/g. The sorption mechanism of Hg(II) onto the sulfur-impregnated zeolite involves electrostatic attraction, ion exchange, and surface complexation, accompanied by co-precipitation of Hg(II) in the form of HgS. It was found that sulfur-impregnation enhanced the sorption of Hg(II) by 3.6 times compared to the natural zeolite. The leaching test indicated the retention of Hg(II) in the zeolite structure over a wide pH range, making this sulfur-impregnated sorbent a promising material for the remediation of a mercury-polluted environment.

scholarly journals A Rubisco-binding protein is required for normal pyrenoid number and starch sheath morphology inChlamydomonas reinhardtii

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (37) ◽  
pp. 18445-18454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan K. Itakura ◽  
Kher Xing Chan ◽  
Nicky Atkinson ◽  
Leif Pallesen ◽  
Lianyong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Binding Motif ◽  
Starch Granules ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Bisphosphate Carboxylase ◽  
Biophysical Mechanism ◽  
Mechanism Function ◽  
And Function

A phase-separated, liquid-like organelle called the pyrenoid mediates CO2fixation in the chloroplasts of nearly all eukaryotic algae. While most algae have 1 pyrenoid per chloroplast, here we describe a mutant in the model algaChlamydomonasthat has on average 10 pyrenoids per chloroplast. Characterization of the mutant leads us to propose a model where multiple pyrenoids are favored by an increase in the surface area of the starch sheath that surrounds and binds to the liquid-like pyrenoid matrix. We find that the mutant’s phenotypes are due to disruption of a gene, which we call StArch Granules Abnormal 1 (SAGA1) because starch sheath granules, or plates, in mutants lacking SAGA1 are more elongated and thinner than those of wild type. SAGA1 contains a starch binding motif, suggesting that it may directly regulate starch sheath morphology. SAGA1 localizes to multiple puncta and streaks in the pyrenoid and physically interacts with the small and large subunits of the carbon-fixing enzyme Rubisco (ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase), a major component of the liquid-like pyrenoid matrix. Our findings suggest a biophysical mechanism by which starch sheath morphology affects pyrenoid number and CO2-concentrating mechanism function, advancing our understanding of the structure and function of this biogeochemically important organelle. More broadly, we propose that the number of phase-separated organelles can be regulated by imposing constraints on their surface area.

Synthesis and Characterization of Hematite Nanoparticles as Active Photocatalyst for Water Splitting Application

2013 ◽  
Vol 594-595 ◽  
pp. 73-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sze Mei Chin ◽  
Suriati Sufian ◽  
Jeefferie Abd Razak
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Combustion Method ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Hematite Nanoparticles ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Bet Specific Surface Area

This paper highlights on the hydrogen production through photocatalytic activity by using hematite nanoparticles synthesized from self-combustion method based on different stirring period. The morphologies and microstructures of the nanostructures were determined using Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM), X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD) and Particle Size Analyser (PSA). Besides that, surface area analyser was used to determine the BET surface area of the hematite samples. The hematite nanocatalyst as-synthesized are proven to be rhombohedral crystalline hematite (α-Fe2O3) with particle diameters ranging from 60-140 nm. The BET specific surface area of hematite samples increased from 5.437 to 7.6425 m2/g with increasing stirring period from 1 to 4 weeks. This caused the amount of hydrogen gas produced from photocatalytic water splitting to increase as well.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of Nanoporous Monetite Which Can Be Applicable for Drug Carrier

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esmael Salimi ◽  
Jafar Javadpour
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide ◽  
Drug Carrier ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Plate Shape ◽  
Desorption Isotherms ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

Wormhole-like mesostructured monetite was successfully synthesized using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (C19H42BrN, CTAB), as a porosity agent. X-ray techniques and FTIR reveal that the crystalline grains consist of highly crystalline pure monetite phase. Monetite rods with diameter around 20–40 nm and length in the range of 50–200 nm were confirmed by FESEM and TEM. Based on N2adsorption-desorption isotherms investigation, surface area increased up to 31.5 m2/g due to the removal of surfactant after calcinations at 400°C. The results indicate that CTAB can not only affect monetite crystallization but also change particles morphology from plate shape to rod-like.

Characterization of Surfactant Subtypes of Beractant and a Synthetic Peptide Containing Surfactant KL4 following Surface Area Cycling and Addition of Fibrinogen

Lung ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 175 (4) ◽  
pp. 225-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Manalo ◽  
T. A. Merritt ◽  
J. D. Amirkhanian ◽  
A. Kheiter
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Synthetic Peptide

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of Sugarcane Bagasse Based Activated Carbon: Effect of Impregnation Ratio of ZnCl2

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
Sahira Joshi ◽  
Bishnu K.C.
Keyword(s):  
Iodine Number ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Amorphous Materials ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Impregnation Ratio ◽  
Methylene Blue Number ◽  
Xrd Patterns

Series of activated carbons (ACs) have been prepared from Sugarcane bagasse powder by ZnCl2 activation at various impregnation ratios of ZnCl2 to Sugarcane bagasse powder of 0.25:1, 0.5:1, 1:1 and 2:1 by weight. Characteristics of the activated carbons (ACs) were determined by iodine number, methylene blue number, surface area, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and x-ray diffraction. Iodine number (IN) indicated that, microporosity of the AC were increased with increasing impregnation ratio ZnCl2 to Sugarcane bagasse upto 1:1 then started to decrease. However, mesoporosity as well as surface area was increased progressively. The maximum value of iodine number (868 mg/g) was achieved in the AC prepared at impregnation ratio of ZnCl2 to sugarcane bagasse 1:1. SEM micrographs also show the presence of well developed pores on its surface of AC-1. The broad peaks in the XRD patterns indicated that, all the ACs is amorphous materials. From results, it is concluded that ZnCl2 concentration used in impregnation is effective for development of porosity and surface area of the AC prepared from Sugarcane bagasse.

scholarly journals Preparation and characterization of activated carbons from albizia saman pod

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 44-53
Author(s):  
G. D. Akpen ◽  
M. I. Aho ◽  
N. Baba
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Sieve Analysis ◽  
Albizia Saman ◽  
Temperature Surface

Activated carbon was prepared from the pods of Albizia saman for the purpose of converting the waste to wealth. The pods were thoroughly washed with water to remove any dirt, air- dried and cut into sizes of 2-4 cm. The prepared pods were then carbonised in a muffle furnace at temperatures of 4000C, 5000C, 6000C ,7000C and 8000C for 30 minutes. The same procedure was repeated for 60, 90, 120 and 150 minutes respectively. Activation was done using impregnationratios of 1:12, 1:6, 1:4, 1:3, and 1:2 respectively of ZnCl2 to carbonised Albizia saman pods by weight. The activated carbon was then dried in an oven at 1050C before crushing for sieve analysis. The following properties of the produced Albizia saman pod activated carbon (ASPAC) were determined: bulk density, carbon yield, surface area and ash, volatile matter and moisture contents. The highest surface area of 1479.29 m2/g was obtained at the optimum impregnation ratio, carbonization time and temperature of 1:6, 60 minutes and 5000C respectively. It was recommended that activated carbon should be prepared from Albizia saman pod with high potential for adsorption of pollutants given the high surface area obtained.Keywords: Albizia saman pod, activated carbon, carbonization, temperature, surface area

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