scholarly journals Relationship between Housewife Behavior in Using Clean Water and Diarrhea in Toddlers (0-59 Months) at Sukamulya Public Health Center, Singkup District, Ketapang Regency

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-68
Author(s):  
Subardi ◽  
Khayan ◽  
Paulina
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Observational Method ◽  
Behavioral Variable ◽  
Causes Of Disease ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Control Study

Diarrhea is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality, especially in children under five. Some of the causes of disease are clean water and disposal of feces, both of which are influenced by human behavior. This research is research using the observational method with a case-control study design. The samples taken in this study were toddlers (0-59 months) who suffered from diarrhea and the houses around the patients who did not have diarrhea. The data used in this study is secondary data from related agencies and primary data obtained from interviews and observations. From the survey results, 31.1% suffer from diarrhea, and 68.9% are not sick. Then from the bivariate results with X2 5% analysis received four variables that are not related to diarrheal disease in toddlers, namely the variable of using clean water sources (0.297), behavior variable choosing clean water (0.227), behavior variable transporting clean water (1,000), behavioral variable using clean water (0.073) and one related variable, namely the variable protecting clean water (0.021).

scholarly journals Application of Criminal Penalties in Child Protection Law in the State Court Of Ngawi

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 571
Author(s):  
Sulistyo Utomo ◽  
Ira Alia Maerani
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
State Court ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Criminal Penalties ◽  
Data Collection Technique

This research aims to identify and analyze the existence of the application of criminal penalties in the handling of criminal cases Child Protection in Indonesia and analyze the effectiveness of criminal fines when viewed from the perspective of children as victims of crime.Method used is socio-juridical using primary and secondary data. Primary data collection technique is done with the interview, and secondary data by reading, reviewing and analyzing primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, tertiary legal materials with qualitative analysis techniques, interpreted logically and systematically and drawn conclusions.Based on the survey results revealed that the existence of the application of criminal penalties in the handling of criminal cases Child Protection in Indonesia criminal fines in criminal prospects are just as an alternative or substitute for imprisonment or confinement. And effectiveness this penalty has not run optimally because the defendant would prefer to replace the criminal penalties to imprisonment.The conclusion of this thesis is that the implementation or execution of criminal penalties in Indonesia have not been effective or not maximized because law enforcement or judges tend to prefer the imprisonment of the criminal finesKeywords: Criminal Fines; Criminal Prison; Children.

scholarly journals A Survey of Work-Related Pain Prevalence Among Construction Workers in Hong Kong: A Case-Control Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 1404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne W.Y. Chung ◽  
Henry C.F. So ◽  
Vincent C.M. Yan ◽  
Phoebe S.T. Kwok ◽  
Bonny Y.M. Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Construction Workers ◽  
Physical Work ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Working Environments ◽  
Pain Prevalence ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Control Study

Construction workers undertake demanding physical work and face high risk of injuries in poor working environments. This case-control study investigated the extent of their musculoskeletal pain incidence at work. A total of 2021 construction workers in different trades were interviewed on-site in a survey from December 2017 to December 2018. The survey results revealed that the pain prevalence of the subjects in the last 24 h was 10.6 %. The worst and top most common pain spots caused by work were central lower back, left/right shoulders, and knees. Regarding pain management, their most common method was to ignore the pain (21.4%). The average percentage of pain relief after receiving treatment in the 24 h was 37.12%. Besides, significant differences were found between the pain and non-pain groups regarding their employment duration in current job or their average sleep duration in the 24 h. The study showed that those with multiple and bilateral pain sites had pain interference on their living activities.

scholarly journals Correction: Gastrointestinal Infections and Diarrheal Disease in Ghanaian Infants and Children: An Outpatient Case-Control Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. e0003728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralf Krumkamp ◽  
Nimako Sarpong ◽  
Norbert Georg Schwarz ◽  
Julia Adlkofer ◽  
Wibke Loag ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
Gastrointestinal Infections ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEJADIAN DIARE DI TAMBAK SARI, KOTA SURABAYA

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Debby Daviani Prawati
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Social Demography ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Diarrhea Disease ◽  
Sampling Probability

Background: Diarrhea is an illness which characterized by changed in shape, consistency of the stool and with excessive bowel frequency (more than 3 times within a day). Diarrhea disease is the third contributor of children’s morbidity and mortality rate around the world. Purpose: This study aims to analyzing factors that caused diarrhea’s cases. This research were an observational analytic type. Sampling technique were used random sampling / probability sampling. Methods: Data were analyzed by chi-square test. Data collection techniques were divided into primary data (direct observation and questionnaire) and secondary data (journals and articles). Results: On this research showed theres no significant correlation between sex, age, education, income, hand washing behavior using soap, clean water facility and trashbin condition with diarrhea occurrence during last 3 months in RW.VI Kelurahan Rangkah Buntu, Surabaya. There were a significant relation between cleaning up the environment, making and consuming oralit, and the behavior of handwashing with soap before meals at the rate of diarrhea cases during the last 3 months in RW VI Kelurahan Rangkah Buntu, Surabaya. Conclusion: theres no significant correlation between social demography, behavior using soap, clean water facility and trasbin and a significant relation between clean up the environtment, behavior handwashing, making and consuming oralit during the last 3 month in RW VI Kelurahan Rangkah Buntu, Surabaya.

scholarly journals Analysis of Regional Development and The Needs of Clean Water Services in Medan City

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 670-681
Author(s):  
Feby Milanie ◽  
Sumono . ◽  
Rujiman .
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Industrial Growth

This study aims to analyze the influence of biophysical, economic, location, socio-cultural, institutional and environmental aspects on the water supply and the need for clean water in Medan city. Clean water was originally consideredas social goods that were freely accessed. The need for clean water for the population in Medan city is heightened due to the population growth, the increase on economic activities such as industrial growth in small-scale, medium and large industries, the development of public facilities and the increasing welfare of the community. The primary and secondary data obtained from relevant agencies and public in Medan city are used in this study. The secondary data were obtained starting in 1990 - 2012, while primary data were obtained from 30 respondents. The analysis model used is the structural equation models. The results have shown that; (i) biophysical, economic, location, sociocultural, institutional, environmental aspects positively influence the water supply and the need for clean water; (ii) there is a greater influence of water needs on the water supply, as compared to the effect of water supply to the needs of clean water.

Relationship of Environmental Conditions to Health Events

2021 ◽  
pp. 71-79
Author(s):  
Agung Waskito
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Health ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
P Value ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Health Events ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Relationship Of

Environmental health is an optimum environmental condition or condition so that it has a positive effect on the realization of optimum health, the environment, and individual health. Diarrhea is currently one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality. Almost all geographic areas of the world and all age groups are attacked by diarrhea, serious illness, and high mortality, especially in infants and children under five. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between environmental health and health events which included the characteristics of clean water and sanitation and personal hygiene variables. The method used to collect primary data (interviews using a questionnaire instrument, observation, and measurement), and secondary data (health data). The results of the study concluded thatThe characteristics of clean water that have a relationship with the incidence of diarrhea are in terms of processing drinking water before drinking (p-value = 0.021), while the characteristics of sanitation and personal hygiene in terms of the availability of hand washing places (p-value = 0.073) and the method of disposal of toddler feces ( 0.772) indicates that there is no relationship to the incidence of diarrhea that occurs in Simpang Warga Village, RT.

Case-Control Study of Endemic Diarrheal Disease in Thai Children

1989 ◽  
Vol 159 (3) ◽  
pp. 543-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Echeverria ◽  
D. N. Taylor ◽  
U. Lexsomboon ◽  
M. Bhaibulaya ◽  
N. R. Blacklow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals URGENSI PENYERAGAMAN POLA KOMUNIKASI ACCOUNT REPRESENTATIVE DAN PERANNYA DALAM PENINGKATAN EFEKTIVITAS PENGAWASAN KEPATUHAN PAJAK

Scientax ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-50
Author(s):  
Mas Eko Affandi
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Communication Competence ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Economic Downturn ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Communication Problems ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Depth Interviews

The low level of completion of SP2DK, which has an important function in fostering and monitoring taxpayers as a mechanism to increase voluntary taxpayer compliance become the reason for this paper. The low completion of SP2DK during the pandemic is thought to have arisen not only because the economic downturn but also due to ineffective communication problems in counseling activities. Using a qualitative research method with a phenomenological approach, the study utilizes several secondary data such as education level, psychology test results, and also primary data from survey results and in-depth interviews with Account Representatives. Research seeks to identify communication problems that arise from counseling activities. The results of research that found problems related to Account Representative communication competence suggest the urgency of uniforming communication patterns in counseling activities as an effective communication guide as well as mechanism to leverage Account Representative communication competence.

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