scholarly journals An information technique for segmentation of military assets in conditions of uncertainty of initial data

2021 ◽  
pp. 6-18
Author(s):  
С.І. Березіна ◽  
О.І. Солонець ◽  
Кювон Лі ◽  
М.В. Борцова
Keyword(s):  
Initial Data ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Fuzzy Logic Systems ◽  
Suggested Technique ◽  
Segmentation Methods ◽  
Probabilistic Values ◽  
The Common ◽  
Conventional Methods ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Military

To solve the applied task of detecting military assets in aerospace images the presented paper investigates the processes of constructing segmented maps of the images. The goal is to develop an information technique for detecting military assets in conditions of uncertainty of initial data. To achieve the goal, the following tasks were formulated: 1) to analyze usability of the existing segmentation methods for automatic detection of military assets in the images; 2) if the existing methods are inapplicable, to develop a new algorithm to solve the problem. In the paper the following methods are used: the methods of digital image processing, the methods of Boolean algebra and fuzzy sets, the methods of statistical analysis. The following results are received. Analysis of the known segmentation methods showed that due to camouflage coloring of the military assets, similarity of their color characteristics to those of underlying surfaces and due to the presence of large number of textured fragments in the images those methods provide segmented maps of poor quality. Among the common problems arising when conventional methods are used there are wrong segmentation, when the received contours do not coincide with the borders of the objects of interest; oversegmentation, when there are a lot of minor segments which produce "litter" objects; undersegmentation, when potentially possible segments are missed etc. As the conventional methods are inapplicable, in the paper it is suggested using the fuzzy logic systems. For each pixel the probability of the fact that the pixel belongs to the object or to the background is calculated. For making decision whether a pixel belongs to the object the production rules based on the chosen most significant factors (probabilistic values of spectral sub-bands, belonging of the neighboring pixels to the object, jumps of brightness in spectral sub-bands on the object's borders) are constructed. Conclusion. The suggested technique ensures high-quality definition of objects' borders, thus considerably increasing the reliability of military assets recognition.

Evolution and Nature of the Concept of Motivation

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-175
Author(s):  
Grigor Grigorov
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Military Profession ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Military

AbstractThis report examines the evolution and nature of the concept of motivation. It performs a theoretical analysis of the definitions of motivation and attempts to give a scientific definition of the phenomenon of motivation for practising the military profession. The results of the analysis will enable commanders to understand more clearly military motivation in order to effectively manage their subordinates.

RESEARCH ON VALUE OF INTRAOPERATIVE FROZEN SECTION EXAMINATION OF THE COMMON TUMORS AT HUE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL

2011 ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
Cong Thuan Dang ◽  
Thi Thu Thao Le
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Frozen Section ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Frozen Sections ◽  
Intraoperative Frozen Section ◽  
Frozen Section Examination ◽  
Incorrect Diagnosis ◽  
The Common

Background: To evaluate the accuracy and the pitfalls of frozen section examination in diagnosis the common tumors at Hue University Hospital. Materials and method: A retrospective analysis data of 99 consecutive patients from 2007 to 2009 were evaluated and analyzed the major pitfalls. In our 99 patients, 100% cases we compared histological diagnosis on frozen sections with those on paraffin sections. Results: The majority of frozen section examinations were the thyroid lesions 37.4%, breast lesions 25.2%, lymph nodes 16.1%, ovary 9.1% and less common in other diseases (12.1%). The accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of the intraoperative frozen section examination were 93.9%, 89.1% and 98.1% respectively. The main factors causing incorrect diagnosis in frozen section are: Misinterpretation, poor quality of frozen sections, improper sampling in sectioning and difficult to result interpretation. Conclusion: The frozen section analysis of suspect lesions displays good sensitivity and specificity characteristics.

SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENT FEATURES OF HAND GESTURES IN AMERICAN AND KYRGYZ CULTURES

2019 ◽  
pp. 19-22
Author(s):  
Avtandil kyzy Ya
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Main Part ◽  
Body Language ◽  
Hand Gestures ◽  
Common Definition ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Different Cultures

Abstract: This paper highlights similarities and different features of the category of kinesics “hand gestures”, its frequency usage and acceptance by different individuals in two different cultures. This study shows its similarities, differences and importance of the gestures, for people in both cultures. Consequently, kinesics study was mentioned as a main part of body language. As indicated in the article, the study kinesics was not presented in the Kyrgyz culture well enough, though Kyrgyz people use hand gestures a lot in their everyday life. The research paper begins with the common definition of hand gestures as a part of body language, several handshake categories like: the finger squeeze, the limp fish, the two-handed handshake were explained by several statements in the English and Kyrgyz languages. Furthermore, this article includes definitions and some idioms containing hand, shake, squeeze according to the Oxford and Academic Dictionary to show readers the figurative meanings of these common words. The current study was based on the books of writers Allan and Barbara Pease “The definite book of body language” 2004, Romana Lefevre “Rude hand gestures of the world”2011 etc. Key words: kinesics, body language, gestures, acoustics, applause, paralanguage, non-verbal communication, finger squeeze, perceptions, facial expressions. Аннотация. Бул макалада вербалдык эмес сүйлѳшүүнүн бѳлүгү болуп эсептелген “колдордун жандоо кыймылы”, алардын эки башка маданиятта колдонулушу, айырмачылыгы жана окшош жактары каралган. Макаланын максаты болуп “колдордун жандоо кыймылынын” мааниси, айырмасы жана эки маданиятта колдонулушу эсептелет. Ошону менен бирге, вербалдык эмес сүйлѳшүүнүн бѳлүгү болуп эсептелген “кинесика” илими каралган. Берилген макалада кѳрсѳтүлгѳндѳй, “кинесика” илими кыргыз маданиятында толугу менен изилденген эмес, ошого карабастан “кинесика” илиминин бѳлүгү болуп эсептелген “колдордун жандоо кыймылы” кыргыз элинин маданиятында кѳп колдонулат. Андан тышкары, “колдордун жандоо кыймылынын” бир нече түрү, англис жана кыргыз тилдеринде ма- селен аркылуу берилген.Тѳмѳнкү изилдѳѳ ишин жазууда чет элдик жазуучулардын эмгектери колдонулду. Түйүндүү сѳздѳр: кинесика, жандоо кыймылы, акустика,кол чабуулар, паралингвистика, вербалдык эмес баарлашуу,кол кысуу,кабыл алуу сезими. Аннотация. В данной статье рассматриваются сходства и различия “жестикуляции” и частота ее использования, в американской и кыргызской культурах. Следовательно, здесь было упомянуто понятие “кинесика” как основная часть языка тела. Как указано в статье, “кинесика” не была представлена в кыргызской культуре достаточно хорошо, хотя кыргызский народ часто использует жестикуляцию в повседневной жизни. Исследовательская работа начинается с общего определения “жестикуляции” как части языка тела и несколько категорий жестикуляции, таких как: сжатие пальца, слабое рукопожатие, рукопожатие двумя руками, были объяснены несколькими примерами на английском и кыргызском языках. Кроме того, эта статья включает определения слов “рука”, “рукопожатие”, “сжатие” и некоторые идиомы, содержащие данных слов согласно Оксфордскому и Академическому словарю, чтобы показать читателям их образное значение. Данное исследование было основано на книгах писателей Аллана и Барбары Пиз «Определенная книга языка тела» 2004 года, Романа Лефевра «Грубые жестикуляции мира» 2011 года и т.д. Ключевые слова: кинесика, язык жестов, жесты, акустика, аплодисменты, паралингвистика, невербальная коммуникация, сжатие пальца, чувство восприятия, выражение лиц.

Maṣlaḥa as Sovereignty: Fadlallah and Khomeini Compared

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-112
Author(s):  
Nachman Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Political Thought ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Islamic History ◽  
The Common Good ◽  
Islamic Political Thought ◽  
Popular Movement ◽  
The Common ◽  
Definition Of

This article examines how Fadlallah and Khomeini’s respective quests for sovereignty are reflected in their political thought, particularly vis-a-vis their notions of maṣlaḥa, which I define as the “common good.” I argue that if, to an extent, Islamic political thought seeks to maximise maṣlaḥa, then this can also constitute a claim to sovereignty, the definition of which remains multidimensional and contentious. By closely examining Fadlallah and Khomeini’s writings and pronouncements on governance, popular movement, and state, I attempt to reveal how discussions regarding Islamic governance demonstrate a broader claim to authority in Islamic history.

scholarly journals Viscoelastometric Testing to Assess Hemostasis of COVID-19: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1740
Author(s):  
Marion Bareille ◽  
Michaël Hardy ◽  
Jonathan Douxfils ◽  
Stéphanie Roullet ◽  
Dominique Lasne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
The Common ◽  
Small Sample Sizes ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
Prophylactic Anticoagulation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Heparin Neutralization

Infection by SARS-CoV-2 is associated with a high risk of thrombosis. The laboratory documentation of hypercoagulability and impaired fibrinolysis remains a challenge. Our aim was to assess the potential usefulness of viscoelastometric testing (VET) to predict thrombotic events in COVID-19 patients according to the literature. We also (i) analyzed the impact of anticoagulation and the methods used to neutralize heparin, (ii) analyzed whether maximal clot mechanical strength brings more information than Clauss fibrinogen, and (iii) critically scrutinized the diagnosis of hypofibrinolysis. We performed a systematic search in PubMed and Scopus databases until December 31st, 2020. VET methods and parameters, and patients’ features and outcomes were extracted. VET was performed for 1063 patients (893 intensive care unit (ICU) and 170 non-ICU, 44 studies). There was extensive heterogeneity concerning study design, VET device used (ROTEM, TEG, Quantra and ClotPro) and reagents (with non-systematic use of heparin neutralization), timing of assay, and definition of hypercoagulable state. Notably, only 4 out of 25 studies using ROTEM reported data with heparinase (HEPTEM). The common findings were increased clot mechanical strength mainly due to excessive fibrinogen component and impaired to absent fibrinolysis, more conspicuous in the presence of an added plasminogen activator. Only 4 studies out of the 16 that addressed the point found an association of VETs with thrombotic events. So-called functional fibrinogen assessed by VETs showed a variable correlation with Clauss fibrinogen. Abnormal VET pattern, often evidenced despite standard prophylactic anticoagulation, tended to normalize after increased dosing. VET studies reported heterogeneity, and small sample sizes do not support an association between the poorly defined prothrombotic phenotype of COVID-19 and thrombotic events.

scholarly journals Mind the Gap: Why the Landscape Planning System in Sardinia Does Not Work

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7300
Author(s):  
Anna Maria Colavitti ◽  
Alessio Floris ◽  
Sergio Serra
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Planning ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Local Planning ◽  
The Common ◽  
Regional Landscape ◽  
Landscape Protection

In Italy, after the introduction of the Code of Cultural Heritage and Landscape in 2004, the Regional Landscape Plan (RLP) has acquired a coordination role in the urban planning system, for the implementation of policies for landscape protection and valorisation. The case study of the RLP of Sardinia is a paradigmatic application to the coastal area of the island, which is considered most vulnerable and subject to settlement pressure. The objectives of preservation and valorisation of the territorial resources should be transferred into local planning instruments by adopting strategies aimed at the preservation of the consolidated urban fabric, at the requalification and completion of the existing built-up areas according to the principles of land take limitation and increase in urban quality. The paper investigates the state of implementation and the level of integration of landscape contents in the local plans that have been adapted to the RLP, using a qualitative comparative method. In addition, the results of the plan coherence checks, elaborated by the regional monitoring bodies after the adaptation process, have been analysed to identify the common criticalities and weaknesses. The results highlight the lack of effectiveness of the RLP, after more than a decade since its approval, considering the limited number of adequate local plans and the poor quality of their analytical and regulative contents in terms of landscape protection and valorisation. Conclusions suggest some possible ways to revise the RLP, focusing on the participation of local communities and the development of a new landscape culture.

Edges of Regression and Limit Normal Point of Conjugate Surfaces1

1998 ◽  
Vol 122 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ningxin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Differential Geometry ◽  
Contact Boundary ◽  
Boundary Line ◽  
Tangent Point ◽  
Common Tangent ◽  
Numerical Examples ◽  
Envelope Surface ◽  
The Common ◽  
Conjugate Surfaces ◽  
Definition Of

The presented paper utilizes the basic theory of the envelope surface in differential geometry to investigate the undercutting line, the contact boundary line and the limit normal point of conjugate surfaces in gearing. It is proved that (1) the edges of regression of the envelope surfaces are the undercutting line and the contact boundary line in theory of gearing respectively, and (2) the limit normal point is the common tangent point of the two edges of regression of the conjugate surfaces. New equations for the undercutting line, the contact boundary line and the limit normal point of the conjugate surfaces are developed based on the definition of the edges of regression. Numerical examples are taken for illustration of the above-mentioned concepts and equations. [S1050-0472(00)00104-5]

scholarly journals Application Of The Work Breakdown Structure In Determining Cost Buffers In Construction Schedules

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Połoński
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Work Breakdown Structure ◽  
Initial Task ◽  
The Common ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Construction Schedules

AbstractThe paper presents methods of determining the location of cost buffers and corresponding contingency costs in the CPM schedule based on its work breakdown structure. Application of correctly located cost buffers with appropriately established reserve costs is justified by the common overrunning of scheduled costs in construction projects. Interpolated cost buffers (CB) as separate tasks have been combined with relevant summary tasks by the start–to–start (SS) relationship, whereas the time of their execution has been dynamically connected with the time of accomplishment of particular summary tasks using the “paste connection” option. Besides cost buffers linked with the group of tasks assigned to summary tasks, a definition of the cost buffer for the entire project (PCB) has been proposed, i.e. as one initial task of the entire project. Contingency costs corresponding to these buffers, depending on the data that the planner has at his disposal, can be determined using different methods, but always depend on the costs of all tasks protected by each buffer. The paper presents an exemplary schedule for a facility and the method of determining locations and cost for buffers CB and PCB, as well as their influence on the course of the curve illustrating the budgeted cost of work scheduled (BCWS). The proposed solution has been adjusted and presented with consideration of the possibilities created by the scheduling software MS Project, though its general assumptions may be implemented with application of other similar specialist tools.

Triumvirate and Principate

1973 ◽  
Vol 63 ◽  
pp. 50-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fergus Millar
Keyword(s):  
Contemporary Literature ◽  
Historical Change ◽  
New Method ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Res Publica

More than thirty years after its publication The Roman Revolution still stands unrivalled, not as the ‘definitive’ account of the emergence of a monarch from the ruins of the Republic but as something far more than that, the demonstration of a new method in the presentation of historical change. The aspect of this method, which has found most imitation, is of course prosopography; and it is indeed essential to it. But far more important is the use made of contemporary literature to mirror events, and to analyse and define the concepts and the terms in which the events were seen by those who lived through them.It is the common characteristic, perhaps even the definition, of great works of history that they invite imitation and offer a challenge, not just to apply their methods and standards to other areas, but to pursue their own conclusions further. The present paper is gratefully offered as an attempt to portray with a different emphasis some aspects of the establishment of Octavian as a monarch, first by demonstrating the extent to which the institutions of the res publica remained active in the Triumviral period, and secondly by redefining the change which culminated in 27 B.C., precisely by asking again in what terms it and the novus status which emerged from it were seen by contemporaries.

Alcohol Problem Prevention: A “Common Sense” Approach

1987 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-393
Author(s):  
Selden D. Bacon
Keyword(s):  
Common Sense ◽  
Direct Methods ◽  
The United States ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Common ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Alcohol Related Problems ◽  
Social Science Approach

In view of the low likelihood of the acceptance of the social science approach to alcohol problems proposed several years ago, a “common sense” approach is suggested as an alternative. Several assumptions guide this proposal, the principal one being the absence of any significant progress in the reduction of alcohol problems in the United States over the past 200 years. By the development of a common vocabulary and direct methods of observation and data collection, the “common sense” approach would provide for identifying the strengths of the multitude of past and current efforts in dealing with alcohol problems in terms of both intervention and prevention. The guiding criterion in such an approach would be the impact on alcoholism and alcohol-related problems, the definition of which would be a major task of the research.

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