scholarly journals Yield, ecological plasticity and stability of spring soft and durum wheat varieties in the southern forest steppe of Tyumen region

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-123
Author(s):  
V. A. Sapega ◽  
G. Sh. Tursumbekova
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Yield Variability ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Ecological Plasticity ◽  
Spring Soft Wheat ◽  
Adaptive Ability ◽  
Adaptability Parameters

The aim of the research is the assessment of 10 varieties of spring soft wheat approved for use, and 5 promising varieties of spring durum wheat of Russian selection according to yield and adaptability parameters for 2015-2018 on the basis of the results of the test carried out in the southern forest steppe zone of the Tyumen region. Productive and adaptive potential of the varieties was determined by the method of L.A. Zhivotkov co-authored, the average yield in contrast conditions –by the equations of A.A. Rossielle, J. Hemblin, the yield variability – by the method of B.A. Dospekhov, the environmental condition index and ecological plasticity of varieties – by S.A. Eberhart, W.A. Russell, the general adaptive ability of the varieties – by the method of A.V. Kilchevsky, L.V. Hotyleva. The strongest variability of indexes of environmental conditions during the years of testing of the varieties was found in middle-early varieties of spring soft wheat, from -1.08 (2017) to 1.26 (2018). The varieties of spring soft wheat Tyumenskaya Yubileynaya (middle-early, 3.06 t/ha) and Aviada (middle-season, 2.86 t/ha), and of spring durum wheat – Omsky izumrud (3.52 t/ha) were recognized the best in terms of average yield. In the favorable conditions of 2018, on the basis of determination of the percentage of yield of varieties relative to the average among the varieties, the largest productive potential of spring soft wheat varieties was revealed in Tyumenskaya Yubileynaya (middle-early, 111.5 %), Aviada (middle-season, 108.9 %) and spring durum wheat – Omskaya stepnaya (105.7 %). In the unfavorable conditions of 2017, high adaptability was observed in spring soft wheat varieties Ekaterina (middle-early, 118.7%), Ikar (middle-season, 105.0 %) and spring durum wheat – Omskaya stepnaya (105.8 %). Regardless of the specie, all studied varieties had significant yield variability. The most of the varieties were characterized as plastic (bi is equal to or close to 1). Strong responsiveness to change of conditions is determined in spring soft wheat varieties Novosibirskaya 15 (middle-early, bi = 1.11) and Aviada (middle-season, bi = 1.21), and in spring durum wheat Omsky korund (bi = 1.14). The varieties of spring soft wheat Ekaterina (middle-early, Si2 = 1.20), Tyumenskaya 29 (middle-season, Si2 = 0.03) and spring durum wheat Zhemchuzhina Sibiri (Si2 = 0.84) were the best in terms of stability. The varieties of spring soft wheat Tyumenskaya Yubileynaya (midlle-early, GAA = 0.32), Aviada (middle-season, GAA = 0.07) and the spring durum wheat Omsky izumrud (GAA = 0.26) were the best according to the general adaptive ability. The varieties of spring soft wheat Ekaterina (midlle-early) and Aviada (middle-season) and spring durum wheat Omskaya stepnaya were recognized as the best on the basis of the complex assessment of yield and adaptability parameters.

scholarly journals Reaction of spring soft wheat to drought in the forest-steppe of the Trans-Urals

2021 ◽  
Vol 215 (12) ◽  
pp. 9-18
Author(s):  
Lidiya Mal'ceva ◽  
Natal'ya Bannikova ◽  
Elena Filippova
Keyword(s):  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Spring Soft Wheat ◽  
Gluten Content ◽  
Bread Volume ◽  
Research Institute

Abstract. The purpose of the research is the reaction of spring soft wheat varieties to dry phenomena during the growing season in the forest-steppe zone of the Trans-Urals. Methods. The material was 24 varieties of various biotypes for maturation from the nursery of the competitive variety testing of the Kurgan Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences. Results. The negative effect of the drought reduced the yield in the experiments by 11.9 c/ha, the weight of 1000 grains by 5.7 g, and the nature by 19.7 g/l. The influence of grain size on the yield both in favorable years and in years of drought was noted (r = 0.63…0.98). In arid conditions, vitreous is correlated with yield, 1000 grain weight, in kind, to a lesser extent with gluten content, bread volume, and “flour strength”. The lack of moisture during the grain filling period increased the gluten content by 3.4 %, the quality by 15.1 e. p. IDC, the flour strength by 102.7 e. a., the volume of bread by 106 g/l. In favorable years, the weight of 1000 grains and the vitreous content of the grain correlate with gluten (r = 0.44; r = 0.24–0.84). Indicators of productivity and physical properties of grain increase when sowing at the optimal time, with a certain decrease in the gluten content (by 1.2 %), flour strength (by 5.3 e. a.), bread volume (by 73.2 e. p.). In the early sowing period, moisture deficiency reduces the indicators for all varieties Under these conditions, early-maturing varieties form a larger grain both when sowing at an early time (29.0 g) and when sowing at the optimal (31.3 g). In a drought, the role of the variety is especially high. High drought resistance was shown by the Zauralochka variety of the Kurgan Research Institute of Agriculture, which successfully passed the test in the dry years (2012, 2020) in the GSI system and in the environmental test (KASIB). The yield of the drought-resistant variety Zauralochka on average for the HSU was 20.2 c/ha, exceeding the standard Hercules by 2.2 c/ha. Scientific novelty. The features of the influence of dry phenomena on the yield and the main indicators of the quality of varieties are revealed, the correlation between them is determined. According to drought resistance, a variety of spring soft wheat Zauralochka was selected.

scholarly journals SCREENING OF SPRING SOFT WHEAT VARIETY OF KASIB NURSERY-GARDEN TO THE BROWN AND STEBLE STEM RUST IN THE CONDITIONS OF WESTERN SIBERIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-63
Author(s):  
Владимир Шаманин ◽  
Vladimir Shamanin ◽  
Инна Потоцкая ◽  
Inna Pototskaya ◽  
Олег Кузьмин ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Rust ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Scientific Research Institute ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Spring Soft Wheat ◽  
Research Institute

Owing to the climate warming and, as a consequence, the deterioration of the phytopathological situation, associated with the emergence of aggressive races of fungal diseases, as well as the cultivation of susceptible varieties on the main wheat sowing area in Western Siberia, it is important to expand the genotypic diversity of wheat varieties and search for new sources of long-term sustainability. The evaluation results of spring soft wheat varieties of KASIB nursery shuttle breeding set up jointly by scientific institutions of Western Siberia, Kazakhstan and the International Center for the Improvement of Corn and Wheat CIMMYT are presented in the conditions of the southern forest-steppe of Western Siberia. The research was carried out in 2011-2016, using field and laboratory methods. The results of the assessment of the susceptibility of KASIB nursery varieties to brown and stem rust have shown that varieties with high resistance prevail among resistant varieties in all phases of plant development, which indicates targeted selection for immunity with genes of race-specific and age resistance. The use of cluster analysis made it possible to reveal significant differences in productivity and resistance to rust diseases of KASIB varieties. We distinguished wheat varieties from KASIB nursery-garden 14, 15 - Lutestsens 141/03-2 and Sigma (Siberian scientific research Institute of Agriculture), from KASIB nursery-garden 16, 17 - Erythrospermum 85-08 (Omsk SAU), Lutestsens 6/04-4 and Lutestsens 186/04- 61 (Siberian scientific research Institute of Agriculture), resistant to brown and stem rust, exceeding in terms of yield standards, which are recommended to be used as a starting material for wheat breeding in Western Siberia.

The size of under-ear interstice and productivity of spring soft wheat varieties of different ecological groups in the forest-steppe of Orenburg region

10.12737/6546 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-138
Author(s):  
Мухитов ◽  
Lenar Mukhitov ◽  
Самуилов ◽  
Feofan Samuilov
Keyword(s):  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Ecological Groups ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Spring Soft Wheat ◽  
The Impact

The impact of contrasting conditions of water availability on the size of the upper internodes in wheat varieties was studied under the conditions of the Orenburg steppe zone. It was noted, that less drought-resistant varieties formed a short upper internodes. We conducted a mathematical analysis of the relationship of productivity and length of ear-carrying internodes of spring soft wheat varieties of different ecological groups. It was established, that we can observe a gradual increase of grain productivity with increasing the length of the upper internodes in the studied range. As a result, the following varities were selected for inclusion into the hybridization: Logachevka, Tulaykovskaya steppe, Tulaykovskaya 1, Tulaykovskaya Belozernaya, Prokhorovka and Uchitel. They have the optimal settings for the presented feature. Using the selected varieties as parental forms can enhance the efficiency of wheat breeding programs for resistance to drought in the forest-steppe zone of the Southern Urals.

scholarly journals The yield and baking quality of Siberia-bred spring soft wheat varieties in the north forest-steppe of the Tyumen region

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (29) ◽  
pp. 124-136
Author(s):  
Anastasia Afonasyevna Kazak ◽  
Yury Pavlovich Loginov
Keyword(s):  
Gene Pool ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Spring Soft Wheat ◽  
Early Ripening

Over the past century and at the beginning of the current one, Siberian breeders have been intensively breeding spring soft wheat for improving the yield and grain quality. The ecologically and geographically diverse source material has been used at the breeding and educational institutions of the region. Thus, in the severe Siberian conditions, the wheat gene pool has been painstakingly created. It has been very difficult here to solve the problem of improving the grain quality, but, given the determination and the talent of many breeders and geneticists, the gene pool of valuable and strong wheat varieties has been created. As a result, being formerly a consumer of food wheat, Siberia has now become a region producing high-quality grain for domestic use and sale in the foreign market. The gene pool of spring soft wheat, which is so rich in the volume and quality, has not been studied in full, and not used throughout Siberia. In 2013 – 2015, sixteen valuable and strong varieties of Siberia-bred wheat had been studied in the northern zone of the Tyumen region on the experimental field of the Northern Trans-Ural State Agricultural University. It has been found that the average productivity of the early-ripening Novosibirskaya 16, Tulun 15, and Polyushko varieties over the three years amounted to 2.52 – 2.89 t/ha, and was close to the yield (2.35 – 3.10 t/ha) of the middle-early ripening varieties. In the midseason-ripening group, the Alyoshina and Altayskaya 110 and 325 varieties exceeded the Tyumen-bred standard Lutescens 70 by 0.23 – 0.69 t/ha with the yield of the latter being 2.54 t/ha. In terms of the content and quality of gluten, the following varieties stood out: Iren, Novosibirskaya 15, Tulun 15, Polyushko, Omskaya 36, Skala, Boyevchanka, Pamyati Vavenkova, Tyumenskaya 80, Alyoshina, and Altayskaya 325. In terms of baking properties (3.7 – 4.2 points), the following varieties stood out: Iren, Novosibirskaya 15, 29, 31, Polyushko, Skala, Boyevchanka, Pamyati Vavenkova, Tyumenskaya 80, Tulunskaya 12, and Altayskaya 325, which can be used as the source material for further wheat breeding.

scholarly journals FORMATION OF PHYSICAL GRAIN PROPERTIES OF SPRING SOFT WHEAT VARIETIES IN THE FOREST-STEPPE ZONE OF THE TRANS-URALS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.A. Filippova ◽  
◽  
L.T. Maltseva ◽  
N.Yu. Bannikova ◽  
I.A. Drobot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Spring Soft Wheat ◽  
Grain Properties

ECOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF STABILITY AND PLASTICITY OF SPRING SOFT WHEAT VARIETIES OF DIFFERENT VARIETY CHANGING PERIODS

2020 ◽  
pp. 142-149
Author(s):  
N.V. DAVYDOVA ◽  
◽  
A.O. KAZACHENKO ◽  
A.V. SHIROKOLAVA ◽  
V.A. NARDID ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stability Index ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Ecological Plasticity ◽  
Spring Soft Wheat ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
High Yields ◽  
High Level

The paper presents an analysis of spring soft wheat varieties of different periods of variety change according to ecological plasticity and stability when cultivated in different climatic conditions (2014–2019). To increase the yield of spring soft wheat varieties, much attention is paid to the devlopment of high-intensity forms that respond positively to additional investments in agricultural technology. These varieties must also demonstrate high yield stability as well as plasticity in relation to environmental factors – i.e. the ability to form the high yields in wide range of environmental conditions. In the course of the study, the authors carried out an environmental assessment of ten varieties of four major groups by yield in a five-year field experiment. The yield upper limits, as well as an indicator of stress resistance, were estimated. Based on these data, statistical coefficients of their ecological plasticity and stability, as well as the stability variant, were analyzed. The Agatha and Esther spring wheat varieties showed the most responsiveness to the improvement of cultivation conditions. They can be considered the most plastic varieties. The highest stability index was observed in the Radmir, Amir, MIS, Zlata and Lyubava varieties. The most promising among the new spring soft wheat varieties is the Radmira variety, which has the best adaptive potential, which incidentally allows it to form a stable high level of productivity in changeable climatic conditions. Among the varieties of earlier periods, promising cultivars include the Zlata variety. Its high adaptability is comfirmed by its cultivation in 1,2,3,4 and 7 regions of Russia.

ASSESSMENT OF PRODUCTIVITY AND ECOLOGICAL PLASTICITY OF SPRING SOFT WHEAT VARIETIES IN THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Нижегородцева ◽  
Lyubov Nizhegorodtseva ◽  
Турнин ◽  
Sergey Turnin ◽  
Амиров ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Ecological Plasticity ◽  
Spring Soft Wheat ◽  
High Dependency ◽  
The Republic

The article presents the results of studies on assessment the productivity and the plasticity of spring soft wheat varieties in the conditions of the Republic of Tatarstan. The groups of varieties, differing in yield and biometric indicators, were underlined. The high dependency of productivity of spring wheat varieties to plant height index at Tatarstan was shown.

scholarly journals The study of adaptive ability of varieties of winter soft wheat by yield and quality of grain in the condi-tions of forest steppe of the middle Volga region

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
Svetlana Valentinovna Kosenko
Keyword(s):  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Stability Parameters ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Adaptive Ability

The article presents the results of a study of the adaptive ability of winter soft wheat varieties in terms of yield and grain quality in the conditions of the forest steppe of the Middle Volga. Studies were conducted in 2013–2015 at the Penza Research Institute of Agriculture. The research material was 17 varieties of winter soft wheat, including 9 zoned varieties and 8 varieties of own breeding. Vegetation conditions during the years of research varied in temperature and the amount of precipitation. The vegetation period of 2013 was characterized by favorable conditions, 163.9 mm of precipitation fell over the entire period, which is 6.7 mm higher than the average long-term norm, the average daily air temperature is 17.1 ?С (higher than the average annual norm by 2 ?С), hydrothermal coefficient (GTK ) is 1.1. In 2014 and 2015 drought during the was observed exit to the earing tube — water supply was 13.4 mm and 20.8 mm, which is 27.5 mm and 20.1 mm lower than the average long-term norm; increased average daily air temperatures up to 18.8 ?С and 17.6 ?С, which is higher than the average annual norm by 3.4 ?С and 2.0 ?С; GTK 0.2 and 0.4, respectively. As a result of studying varieties of winter soft wheat under different growing conditions using stability parameters, the most suitable varieties for cultivation in the forest steppe of the Middle Volga region were identified and recommended as starting material: the grain productivity, Lutescens 35 / 01-2-07 (S2di = 3.6), Lutescens 26 / 03-1-06 (S2di = 10.4); according to the total glassiness, Moskovskaya 39 (bi = 0.37, S2di = 0.19), Lutescens 26 / 03-1-06 (bi = 0.73, S2di = 0.17), Bezenchukskaya 380 (bi = 0.81, S2di = 0.66), Biryuza (bi = 0.81, S2di = 0.86); the nature of grain Biryuza (bi = 0.12, S2di = 2.2), Klavdiya 2 (bi = 0.25, S2di = 8.1), Nympha (bi = 0.75, S2di = 6.3); according to the quality of gluten in grain Bezenchukskaya 380 (bi = 0.63, S2di = 0.60), Lutescens 26 / 03-1-06 (bi = 0.94, S2di = 0.11); according to the protein content in the grain, Bezenchukskaya 380 (bi = 0.88, S2di = 0.25), Orenburgskaya 105 (bi = 0.86, S2di = 0.01), Moskovskaya 39 (bi = 0.90, S2di = 0, 01), Alonushka (bi = 0.94, S2di = 0.26), Lutescens 35 / 01-2-07 (bi = 0.93, S2di = 0.09); according to a set of attributes Bezenchukskaya 380, Lutescens 35 / 01-2-07, Lutescens 26 / 03-1-06 for creating new forms.

scholarly journals Parameters of adaptability and stability of winter durum wheat varieties according to various forecrops in the Rostov region

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 557-566
Author(s):  
A. V. Alabushev ◽  
T. S. Makarova ◽  
N. E. Samofalova ◽  
N. P. Ilichkina ◽  
O. A. Dubinina
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Standard Variety ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Productivity Increase ◽  
Adaptability Parameters

The article summarizes the study results of adaptability parameters of winter durum wheat depending on its forecrop. The study was carried out in the Rostov region in 2015-2017. As the objects of the study there have been used 8 winter durum wheat varieties ‘Donchanka’, ‘Amazonka’, ‘Agat Donskoy’, ‘Kristella’, ‘Lazurit’, ‘Oniks’, ‘Diona’ and ‘Eyrena’. The variety ‘Donchanka’ was taken as a standard variety. In the field trials the varieties were sown after weedfree and green fallows, and after such forecrops as peas, sunflower and maize for grain. The obtained data showed that green fallow was the most favorable forecrop for winter durum wheat, an average yield of which was 7.69 t/ha. When sown after various forecrops, all varieties had different adaptability parameters. The best forecrops were weedfree fallow (‘Kristella’ with 7.78 t/ha, ‘Lazurite’ with 7.74 t/ha), green fallow (‘Agat Donskoy’ with 8.30 t/ha, ‘Lazurit’ with 8.46 t/ha) and peas (‘Oniks’ with 7.41 t/ha, ‘Diona’ with 8.11 t/ha). Among the whole set of the varieties, the variety ‘Agat Donskoy’ (bi>1) proved to be the most highly responsive, while maintaining in most cases high stable yields (si2 <1), productivity of the varieties sown after all forecrops, except sunflower, was 6.93-8.30 t/ha. With productivity increase of 1 t/ha, it improved its indicator (bi) by 1.16-5.15 t/ha. The variety ‘Eyrena’ is recommended for cultivation on an extensive background, since through the years of study it turned out to be the least responsive - with productivity increase by 1 t/ha, it improved its indicator (bi) by 0.01-0.55 t/ha after such forecrops as peas, sunflower and maize for silage.

scholarly journals Assessment of adaptability of spring soft wheat varieties in forest-steppe conditions of the Middle Volga region

2021 ◽  
Vol 214 (11) ◽  
pp. 8-19
Author(s):  
Elena Demina ◽  
Aleksandr Kincharov ◽  
Tat'yana Taranova ◽  
Kristina Chekmasova
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Spring Soft Wheat ◽  
Middle Volga

Abstract. The purpose of the research is to evaluate the adaptability parameters of zoned and promising varieties of spring soft wheat and to identify samples that combine high grain yield and adaptive properties for forest-steppe conditions of the Middle Volga region. The work was carried out in 2017–2020 in the central zone of the Samara region. Methods. The object of research was 12 varieties of competitive testing related to different stages of breeding. Observations and records were carried out according to the Methodology of the state variety testing of agricultural crops, assessment of the adaptability of varieties according to the methods of A. A. Goncharenko and L. A. Zhivotkov. Weather conditions in 2017–2020 were diverse and varied from the average annual values. Results. The average crop yield varied from 2.10 t/ha (2019) to 3.72 t/ha (2017), the coefficient of variation Cv = 23.8 %. Varieties with a high average grain yield (3.15–3.26 t/ha) and a smaller variation (19.9–22.5 %) were identified – Eritrospermum 6310/10-63, Lutestsens 6102/1-32, Eritrospermum 6517/24-1. The varieties Eritrospermum 6310/10-63 (–1.39), Eritrospermum 6381 (–1.50), and Kinel’skaya 59 (–1.50) had the greatest resistance to stress. Varieties Lutestsens 6045, Kinel’skaya yubileynaya, Lutestsens 6102/1-32 – differed in specific adaptation and formed the highest average grain yield (3.16–3.20 t/ha) under contrasting conditions. The average coefficient of adaptability of varieties ranged from 0.85 to 1.08. The majority of varieties (58.3 %) had a high coefficient of adaptability (greater than 1), the highest values (1.08) were the promising varieties Lutescens 6102/1-32 and Erythrospermum 6310/10-63. Scientific novelty. A new adaptive material of spring soft wheat has been isolated for use in breeding programs of the forest-steppe zone of the Middle Volga region.

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