scholarly journals ALIRAN MINORITAS DALAM ISLAM DI INDONESIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
Ramli Abdul Wahid
Keyword(s):  
Minority Groups ◽  
The State ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Indonesian Population ◽  
Nahdlatul Ulama ◽  
Muslim Majority ◽  
Muslim Minorities ◽  
The Way ◽  
Islamic Organizations

<strong>Abstrak: </strong>Indonesia menjadikan Pancasila sebagai dasar negara, dan pandangan hidup dalam kehidupan bangsa dan negara. Meskipun bukan negara agama, mayoritas penduduk Indonesia menganut agama Islam, khususnya mazhab Ahlussunnah Waljamaah (Sunni). Di antara masyarakat Sunni tersebut berafiliasi dengan organisasi Al Jam’iyatul Washliyah, Nahdlatul Ulama, Persis, dan Muhammadiyah yang memiliki wakil di Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI). Meskipun didominasi oleh masyarakat Muslim Sunni, aliran baru juga muncul seperti Syiah dan Ahmadiyah yang dinilai oleh MUI sebagai aliran yang menyimpang. Tidak jarang muncul diskursus dan konflik antara kelompok Sunni dan aliran minoritas Muslim tersebut. Artikel ini mengkaji keberadaan aliran minoritas yang dinilai menyimpang di Indonesia, dan respons MUI terhadap berbagai aliran tersebut. Berdasarkan observasi dan studi dokumen, ditemukan aliran dan paham menyimpang di Indonesia dengan jumlah pengikut signifikan yang memunculkan respons dari MUI, termasuk organisasi-organisasi Islam, yang pada gilirannya melahirkan fatwa keagamaan tentang aliran dan paham menyimpang di Indonesia.<br /> <br /><strong>Abstract</strong>: <strong>Islamic Minority Groups in Indonesia.</strong> Indonesia makes Pancasila the basis of the state, and the way of life of the nation and state. Although not being a religious state, the majority of the Indonesian population embraced Islam, especially Ahlussunnah Waljamaah (Sunni). Among the Sunni communities are affiliated with the organization Al Jam'iyatul Washliyah, Nahdlatul Ulama, Persis, and Muhammadiyah all of which represent in the Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI). Although dominated by Sunni Muslim majority, new mainstreams have also emerged as Shia and Ahmadiyah as perceived by the MUI as deviant sects. Frequently there are discursions and conflicts between Sunni and Muslim minorities. This article examines the existence of Muslim minorities in Indonesia, and the MUI's response to the various streams. Based on observations and document studies, there are significant influxes and understandings in Indonesia with a significant number of followers raising responses from MUI, including Islamic organizations, which in turn led to religious fatwas on the deviation of faith and  perversion in Indonesia.<br /> <br /><strong>Kata Kunci:</strong> Indonesia, fatwa, MUI, aliran sesat, Syiah, Ahmadiyah

scholarly journals PRASANGKA: POTENSI PEMICU KONFLIK INTERNAL UMAT ISLAM

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Muhammad Alfandi
Keyword(s):  
Religious Conflict ◽  
The Other ◽  
Internal Conflict ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Internal Relations ◽  
Nahdlatul Ulama ◽  
Way Of Thinking ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Way ◽  
Islamic Organizations

<p class="IIABSBARU">This study is about the potential prejudice sparked internal conflict of Muslims, especially between the group Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) and the Council of Tafsir Al-Qur'an (MTA) in Surakarta. Lately there is a conflict between NU and the MTA congregation. MTA is questioned by NU in some areas because of the materials and methods of preaching/dakwah considered to be provocative and less likely to appreciate the difference fiqhiyah and abusive deeds done by NU. From the reason above, the conflict between these two Islamic organizations appeared. One of the triggers that caused the internal conflict among Muslims is the certain group of Muslims can not understand well the other religious groups, which have different ideological backgrounds; that it affects the way of thinking, behaving and acting that are different from themselves. As a result, the internal relations marred by religious conflict, caused by the internal religious prejudice. Similarly, the possibility that occurred among the group of NU and MTA.</p><p class="IKa-ABSTRAK">***</p>Penelitian ini adalah tentang potensi memicu prasangka konflik internal umat Islam, terutama antara kelompok Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) dan Majelis Tafsir Al-Qur'an (MTA) di Surakarta. Akhir-akhir ini ada konflik antara NU dan jemaat MTA. MTA dipertanyakan/diperdebatkan oleh NU di beberapa daerah karena bahan dan metode dakwah/dakwah dianggap/cenderung provokatif dan cenderung tidak menghargai perbedaan <em>fiqhiyah</em> dengan perbuatan kasar yang dilakukan oleh NU. Dari alasan di atas, konflik antara kedua organisasi Islam telah terjadi/ muncul. Salah satu pemicu yang menyebabkan konflik internal di kalangan umat Islam adalah kelompok tertentu umat Islam tidak bisa memahami dengan baik kelompok agama lain, yang memiliki latar belakang ideologi yang berbeda, se­hingga mempengaruhi cara berpikir, bersikap dan bertindak yang berbeda dari diri mereka sendiri. Akibatnya, hubungan internal yang dirusak oleh konflik agama, disebabkan oleh prasangka keagamaan internal. Demikian pula, ke­mungkin­an yang terjadi di antara kelompok NU dan MTA.

Coercion, Cooperation, Conflicts and Contempt: Orthodox-Lutheran Relations in Swedish-Occupied Kexholm County, Karelia, in the Seventeenth Century

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teuvo Laitila
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
The State ◽  
County Level ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Religious Policy ◽  
Coercive Treatment ◽  
Religious Issues ◽  
Social Encounters ◽  
Grassroots Level ◽  
The Way

The article is about the Swedish religious policy towards the Orthodox (a majority at first, a minority after the mid-1650s) and Orthodox-Lutheran relations at the grassroots level. It shows that in official Swedish policy, the highest authorities urged local functionaries to cautious and non-coercive treatment of the Orthodox, while the latter at times proposed, and partly tried to implement, a forced conversion of the Karelians. Grassroots relations between Orthodox and Lutherans varied greatly, depending on which of them made up a majority in each place, who owned the land, and whether the Lutherans were newcomers. When the Orthodox were a majority the Lutherans conformed with their faith, even converting to Orthodoxy, although this was officially forbidden. When the majority consisted of Lutherans, the Orthodox started to convert or to assimilate to the Lutheran way of life. At the county level, religion as such was not a major factor in transforming the region into a Lutheran one. More important was the way in which religious issues were linked to local social encounters and practices and how the state overtly or covertly attempted to change Orthodoxy and encouraged Orthodox emigration from and Lutheran immigration to the county.

scholarly journals Situation of Tatars and other Muslim minorities in communist Bulgaria

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-32
Author(s):  
Eldar Kh. Seidametov ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Religious Identity ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
The State ◽  
Marxist Theory ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government ◽  
Muslim Minorities ◽  
The Way

The article examines the situation of the Tatars and other Muslim minorities in Bulgaria during the communist period. The policy of the state in relation to Muslim minorities after the proclamation of the People`s Republic of Bulgaria and the establishment of socialism in the state according to the Soviet model, when the political, economic and social models of the USSR were imported and introduced without taking into account the national characteristics of Bulgaria, are analyzed. As in the Soviet Union (especially in the early stage of its formation, religion was banned and this applied to all confessions without exception. The Bulgarian Communist Party (BCP) made every effort eradicate religious identity and, in particular, Islamic identity. It was planned to replace the religious ideological fragment with a socialist one, and then, on its platform, form and stimulate the development of the national, modernist and Soviet identity of Muslims. Moreover, the emphasis was also placed on improving the way of life and the material situation of the Muslim population, which, according to the Marxist theory of culture, should have contributed to a more effective formation of socialist consciousness. The ruling party saw in the Muslim religious consciousness and rudiments of the Ottoman past, an obstacle on the way of socialist progress and formation of socialist consciousness. Emasculating elements of the religious worldview from the mind of people, the BCP set itself the task of creating a modern, secular, socialist personality. To this end, in 1946–1989 the government implemented a number of economic, educational and cultural establishments.

Regaining the Islamic Centre?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Fauzi Abdul Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Local Politics ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Environment ◽  
Muslim Country ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Islamic Resurgence ◽  
Muslim Majority

This chapter chronicles factors contributing to and implications arising from declining levels of moderation in Muslim-majority societies in the era of global Islamic resurgence by looking at the example of Malaysia, a country that has been classified as a moderate Muslim country. Moderation here is understood in terms of both the intellectual conception of Islamic doctrine and its practical application as a way of life and of relating to others, both Muslim and non-Muslim. It is argued that moderation has taken a beating with the ascendancy of the Wahhabi-Salafi school of thought by especially penetrating Islamic institutions with organic linkages to the state, a phenomenon made worse by the prevalence of authoritarian structures and paternalistic political cultures in post-colonial Muslim societies. In Malaysia, Middle Eastern-influenced Salafization synergized with ethnocentric aspects of local politics to produce a socio-political environment largely antithetical to the country’s pluralist heritage.

The Legislation of Agrochemicals in Citrícola Production in the Municipality of Capitão Poço, Pará

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Maria Eunice Lima Rocha ◽  
Mayra Taniely Ribeiro Abade ◽  
Fernanda Ludmyla Barbosa de Souza ◽  
Luane Laíse Oliveira Ribeiro ◽  
Letícia do Socorro Cunha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Citrus Sinensis ◽  
Sweet Orange ◽  
The State ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
The World ◽  
Distribution Chain ◽  
The Law ◽  
Compliance With The Law ◽  
The Way

Brazil is one of the largest producers of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) in the world. The State of Pará is responsible for 1.02% of the production of Orange in Brazil. Of this amount, the municipality of Capitão Poço is responsible for 57% of the total produced by the State. In view of this, it is evident that the model of current economic development imposes transformations in the way of life that entail serious problems of health to the worker, for example, the exposure of the workers to the pesticides in the field. With this, it is noticed that it is important to deal with the legislation of Agrochemicals because this is still little known by most citricultures in the municipality of Capitão Poço, leading them to non-compliance with the law. From this, the objective of the research was to observe the potentials and limitations regarding the distribution chain, acquisition and use of agrochemicals and knowledge of the laws in the citriculture Paraense. For the development of the work, questionnaires were applied (based on the Agrochemicals Law - Law No. 7,802 of July 11, 1989, and the Law of Packaging - Law No. 9.974 of June 6, 2000) in the community of Nova Colônia. It is concluded that the laws, besides not being known and consequently not fulfilled, make it difficult to supervise the specialized professionals, who, in turn, are few for the region. Another obstacle to compliance with legislation is to make the producer update certain concepts and teachings, which are no longer accepted.

Zakāt, Citizenship and the State: The Evolution of Islamic Religious and Political Authority

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
‘ABD al-RAHMAN al-SALIMI
Keyword(s):  
Political Authority ◽  
The State ◽  
Religious Authority ◽  
Nation States ◽  
History Of ◽  
Muslim Majority ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Way

AbstractIn this essay I will demonstrate the way in which the relationship between political authority and religious authority evolved throughout the history of Islam; and point out where religious rule gave way to the creation of nation states. I will map corresponding changes inZakātcollections, among various nation states, to support my argument in favour of a continued separation of religious and political functions in contemporary nations with Muslim majority populations.

Co-optation and Resistance in Thailand's Muslim South: The Changing Role of Islamic Council Elections

2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duncan McCargo
Keyword(s):  
Political Violence ◽  
The State ◽  
Violent Conflict ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
Southern Border ◽  
Muslim Majority ◽  
Changing Role ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Islamic Organizations

AbstractDuring times of violent conflict, states may closely scrutinize the loyalty of those who lead minority religious communities. November 2005 saw elections for Islamic councils in Thailand's three southern border provinces. The Muslim-majority subregion had experienced escalating political violence since January 2004. Allegations of electoral manipulation were rife; the elections were proxy struggles between the Thai state and potential opponents. This article positions these elections within wider debates about the nature of the relationship between Islam and the state, in Thailand and beyond. It argues that politicizing Islamic organizations may be a dangerous game for states and elite actors to play.

scholarly journals Pelatihan Pemahaman Multikulturalisme pada Komunitas Nahdlatul Ulama di Desa Tamantirta, Kasihan, Bantul

Bakti Budaya ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arif Akhyat
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Social Awareness ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Service Activities ◽  
Nahdlatul Ulama ◽  
The Way

Multiculturalism is a new concept in social science that is used to be the main discussion in community service activities at Jam'iyyah and Jama'ah Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) in Tamantirto Village, Kasihan, Bantul, Yogyakarta. Through the concept of multiculturalism, Jama'ah and Jam'iyyah NU began to try to understand the teachings of NU which have the same principles as Tasawasuth, Tasamuh, Tawazun and I'tidal. With a mixture of online (Whatapps Group and WA Japri) and offline (direct FGD) methods, this service has provided the concept of multiculturalism as a training subject to Jama'ah and Jam'iyyah of NU. The results achieved in this service, opened an understanding of tolerance, the concept of Islamic brotherhood (Ukhuuwah Islamiyah) and a pluralistic social awareness. The emergence of this awareness of multiculturalism, although among NU circles, often referred to the concepts of Tawasuth, Tasamuh, Tawazun and I'tidal, Jama'ah began to expand the way of life in society amidst differences and complex social networks. ===== Multikulturalisme sebagai konsep baru dalam ilmu sosial menjadi pembahasan pokok dalam kegiatan pengabdian pada Jam’iyyah maupun Jama’ah Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) di Desa Tamantirto, Kasihan, Bantul, Yogyakarta. Melalui konsep multikulturalisme, Jama’ah maupun Jam’iyyah NU mulai mencoba memahami dan mengaitkan dengan ajaran NU yang memiliki kesamaan prinsip dengan Tasawasuth, Tasamuh, Tawazun dan I’tidal. Dengan metode campuran daring (Whatapps Group dan WA Japri) dan luring (FGD langsung), pengabdian ini telah memberikan pengenalan konsep multikulturalisme kepada Jama’ah dan Jam’iyyah NU sebagai praktik sosial-keagamaan. Hasil yang dicapai pada pengabdian ini, terbukanya pemahaman tentang toleransi, konsep persaudaraan Islamiyah (Ukhuuwah Islamiyah) dan kesadaran bermasyarakat yang majemuk. Munculnya kesadaran multikulturalisme ini, walaupun di kalangan NU, sering merujuk pada konsep Tawasuth, Tasamuh, Tawazun dan I’tidal, namun Jama’ah mulai semakin luas cara hidup bermasyarakat di tengah-tengah perbedaan dan jaringan sosial yang rumit.

scholarly journals Bringing Back the Beaver to Saskatchewan

Oryx ◽  
1952 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 244-245
Keyword(s):  
First World War ◽  
The State ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
World War ◽  
Rapid Reduction ◽  
The First World War ◽  
First World ◽  
The Way

In the years following the first world war the Saskatchewan Government attempted to conserve its beaver population by ordinary “close” and “open” seasons, in the hope that the beavers would increase during the close seasons and trapping become possible once more. This policy caused rapid reduction of the beaver population, until soon there were vast areas, previously abounding with beavers, where the only signs of past plenty were wrecked dams and abandoned lodges. The policy was also detrimental to the way of life of the thousands of trappers. These men adopted “trap and get out” methods, perhaps making, and spending, several thousand dollars during an open season, but being left destitute and dependent on the State during the close seasons which followed.

scholarly journals Living with the Lake, Living Without the Lake An Introduction into the Research of the Way of Life by the Intermittent Karstic Lakes Petelinjsko Jezero and Palško Jezero

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Erjavec ◽  
Magda Peršič
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
The State ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
The Past ◽  
Hunting And Gathering ◽  
Karstic Lakes ◽  
The Way

Petelinjci in Palčani so se skozi stoletja prilagajali spremenljivi naravi presihajočih jezer. Obe jezeri sta poplavljeni le del leta, tako da travnate površine v poletnem času praviloma omogočajo vsakoletni pridelek sena. Palško jezero in obrežje Petelinjskega jezera sta primerna za pašo. V gospodarskem pogledu sta jezeri bili in sta še vedno vezani na vzrejo živine. Kmetovanje na tem področju v današnjem času ne prinaša dobička, zato se bo v prihodnosti krajina ohranila taka kot je le, če bo država namenila kmetijski dejavnosti dovolj denarne pomoči. Na jezero je bila do srede dvajsetega stoletja vezana še ena gospodarska dejavnost, in sicer ledarstvo. Dodatni dopolnilni dejavnosti, ki sta pogojeni z jezerom, sta lov in nabiralništvo. Petelinjci in Palčani so bili v preteklosti prisiljeni svoji jezeri deliti z avstroogrsko, italijansko in jugoslovansko vojsko, ki so za seboj pustile še danes vidne sledi. Jezeri s svojo nenavadno in nadvse slikovito naravo domačinom predstavljata kraj miru in sprostitve.   People of Petelinje and Palčje have adapted to the ever-changing nature of the intermittent karstic lakes through the centuries. Both lakes are filled with water only a part of the year, so that the grassy areas usually provide a yearly harvest of hay. Palško jezero and the shores of Petelinjsko jezero are suitable for pasturing. Economically the lakes were and still are connected with raising livestock. Agriculture is now no longer profitable, so the only way to preserve the land is by the state devoting enough money for agriculture. The lake was connected to another economic activity until the middle of the 20th century, ice making. Additional supplementary activities dependent on the lake are hunting and gathering. Petelinje and Palčje villagers had to share their lakes with the Austro-Hungarian, Italian and Yugoslav armies in the past; they left traces that can still be seen today. The lakes, with their unusual and highly picturesque nature, represent a place of peace and relaxation to the locals. 

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