scholarly journals National Cinematography as a Response to Russian Information Aggression (A Case Study of Historical and Patriotic Films)

2021 ◽  
pp. 30-49
Author(s):  
Oksana Semenova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Documentary Films ◽  
Common People ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Historical Truth ◽  
Film Making

The article reveals the influence of Russian information propaganda on cultural industries of Ukraine, in particular film making, and describes place and role of contemporary Ukrainian cinematography as a “soft power” in counteracting humanitarian expansion of the Russian Federation, as a factor having an influence on mass consciousness and social attitudes of Ukrainians, as means of counter-propaganda and construction of all-Ukrainian identity and formation of consolidated political nation as a whole. The author has studied the state of national cinematography during 2014–2021, analyzed the reasons which hindered its development and described public and state legislative initiatives directed at support and development of cinematography. The most popular Ukrainian historical and patriotic fiction and documentary films are examined and their role in counteracting Russia’s propaganda is defined.The article contains analysis of anti-Ukrainian films produced in the Russian Federation, annexed Crimea, and quasi-states "Donetsk People’s Republic" and "Luhansk People’s Republic"; reveals essential features of its information and psychological impact; defines manipulative techniques and methods. On the basis of analysis of Russian propaganda films, the author made a conclusion about portraying a negative image of Ukraine and broad usage of messages about the “unconstitutional coups d'etat”, “Kyiv regime” that fights against population of Donbas. We may see such negative narratives as: Ukrainians are “junta”, “fascists”, “Banderites”, “hardcore nationalists”, who fight against “common people” and “miners”. Russian propaganda concerning Crimea includes, first of all, creation of illusory picture which justifies Russia’s annexation of Crimea before the world, with meaning that this process was “inevitable” and “historically justified”.Ukrainian cinematography is considered as efficient means of opposing Russian information aggression, formation of patriotic feelings of Ukrainian people, and their aspiration for historical truth and justice. State system policy on counteracting propaganda has caused a powerful development of national cinematography, which pays considerable attention to making and promoting historical and patriotic fiction and documentary films.

scholarly journals Russian-Korean Regional Cooperation (the Case of Twinned Regions – Irkutsk Region and Gyeongsangbuk-do Province of the Republic of Korea)

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 58-64
Author(s):  
E. V. Li ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Republic Of Korea ◽  
Interregional Interaction ◽  
Medical Sector ◽  
Irkutsk Region ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic

The purpose of the article is to study the history of the cooperation between twinned regions – the Irkutsk region and the Gyeongsangbuk-do province, which has lasted for 25 years. The data on the activities and projects organized during this period has been provided. Regional cooperation plays an important role in international relations. One of its purposes is to expand and strengthen interaction between two countries. The article examines the experience of cooperation between twinned regions – the Irkutsk region and the Gyeongsangbuk-do province – and studies the role of interregional interaction in relations between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Korea. The regions cooperated actively in 2016–2018 and later the cooperation was suspended due to the spread of COVID 19. Most of bilateral contacts have been in cultural and educational sphere. At the same time, there is a predominance of the events organized by the Korean side, which is along the lines of the “soft power” strategy of the Republic of Korea. And although the Irkutsk region and the Republic of Korea cooperate in economy, tourism, education and other fields, the role of the Gyeongsangbuk-do province is very insignificant in this process. Despite the fact that at each privat meeting the heads of the regions declare their intention to implement joint projects in the economic and medical sector no significant results have been achieved in this direction so far. Thus, the current relations between the regions do not play a significant role in the development of relations between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Korea and are mainly aimed at promoting the culture of their own country in the territory of the partner region.

scholarly journals FORMAL ASPECT OF EDUCATION: CONVERSION OF THE SOFT POWER TO THE SUPPORT OF SPIRITUAL SECURITY OF TRAINEE (PRACTICAL VIEW)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (34) ◽  
Author(s):  
M.S FOMIN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Teaching Experience ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Formal Aspect ◽  
Specific Instrument ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Russian Federation

The aim of the article is to think over author’s personal teaching experience. The object is a formal aspect of education - its organization & its process - which are ruled by basic documents, for example, standards or programs. It’s clear that they are the essential part & aspect of education. But sometimes they are underestimated by the lecturers & by students as well. It becomes the case for growth of resentment & misunderstanding in them that finally triggers negative reactions & lowers the efficiency of the work of each part. These days the negative reactions are used by global players to get their own goals which are achieved in the course of the war of a new type that got a specific name & term. Today it is called informational war in which the Russian Federation is involved. The review and the reassess the potential of the formal aspect of education is considered as one of the ways & sources to resist in a serious rival struggle & the form as itself - all the documents - are taken as a specific instrument that helps to weaken the pressure on young contemporaries’ minds - students of colleges & universities. The key to improve the effectiveness of educational and pedagogical work is opening & clearing up the students the essential & fundamental role of the basic, common known terms that stay hidden & unnoticed. These ideas could be helpful to provide spiritual security of young contemporaries & Russian society in general.

scholarly journals Public diplomacy in selected conceptual documents of the Russian Federation, in the period 1991-2016

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-188
Author(s):  
Artur Janczuk
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
International System ◽  
International Order ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Working Definition ◽  
The Russian Federation

2020 is the year of publication of a new military doctrine of the Russian Federation. The document will, undoubtedly, be received as an interesting object of analysis, expected to show not only direct intentions, but also the hinking patterns representative for the Russian political elites. It is, therefore, advisable to process the history of public diplomacy – the leading tool of building soft power – a long-standing component of Russian Federation’s capability, which due to the composition of determinants typical for the late-Westphalian international order gained an unprecedented level of meaning (or even can be seen as a leading factor). For these reasons, the author – after adopting a working definition – attempts to retrace the direct and indirect (implied) instances of including public diplomacy into the most important strategic documents and legal acts, issued by Russia in the years 1991-2016. The analysis shows the evolution of Russia’s political elites’ approach to all of the dimensions of public diplomacy (shift from superficial westernisation and a liberal discourse on the international order, through demonstrations of assertiveness, to a narrative adopotion of the role of one of the poles of the new international order), and provides insight into the composition of the political, social end economic determinants behind the transition. Also discussed are the shifts within the specifics of the methods of public diplomacy – such as the perception of the role of diaspora, or the link between image, economic diplomacy and economic development. These changes are presented on the background of the state of the international system, and the analysis is an addition to the extensive literature on the Russian Federation’s informational influence.

scholarly journals Russia and the peculiarities of settling international conflicts in the XXI century

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Egor Aleksandrovich Iakovlev
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
International System ◽  
Modern World ◽  
International Conflicts ◽  
Peacekeeping Operations ◽  
Military Conflicts ◽  
The Russian Federation

Being one of the world's leading powers the Russian Federation is the “constructor” of the modern world order, as well as the beneficiary of the modern system of international relations; therefore, peacekeeping holds the key position in foreign policy of the Russian Federation. Russia's contribution to the development of peacekeeping activity and settlement of military conflicts not only designates the role of the Russian Federation in international relations, but also characterizes the capability of the entire international system to face against military conflicts. This substantiates the relevance of studying the degree of participation of the Russian Federation in peacekeeping operations and settling military conflicts. Comprehensive analysis is conducted on the actions of the Russian Federation aimed at settling military conflicts. The conclusion is made that the Russian Federation can be engaged in settling military conflicts using traditional combat operations in most escalated part of the conflict. The capabilities and restrictions of the state form the role of the Russian Federation in settling military conflicts as traditional powerful, which in fact does not allow acting autonomously to the exclusion of other states or as a part of coalition to avoid severe diplomatic and reputational losses. Such narrow focus is justified by the current state of affairs and is not a constant at all times. For more active and full participation of the Russian Federation in settling international conflicts, it is feasible to develop the soft power components of peacekeeping activity, as well as evade the attempts of conduct peacekeeping operations outside of large intergovernmental coalitions.

scholarly journals The Role of Information War in the Strengthening of Stereotypes about Russia in the Western Political Space

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (4/2019) ◽  
pp. 125-142
Author(s):  
Irina Milutinović ◽  
Aleksandar Gajić
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Political Space ◽  
Negative Stereotypes ◽  
Negative Perceptions ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Role Of Information ◽  
The Eu

Negative perceptions of Russia as “the Other” in societies belonging to the Western political tradition have been shaped in a long historical perspective and have their own cultural and geopolitical matrix. These stereotypes mostly perceive Russia and its population through collectivism, authoritarianism and impulsiveness. Media and information policies play an indispensable role in shaping stereotypes in the modern and postmodern era. Therefore, the aim of this research is to point at the role of media discourse in supporting and forming negative stereotypes about contemporary Russia. In the introductory part of the Paper, the problem of stereotyping the notions of Russia and the Russians in the Western political space is contextualized, and then the case study on the empirical basis describes the role of the so-called Western media in supporting the established stereotypes in modern times. The main narratives of the information war between the European Union and the Russian Federation were used for media mediation and interpretation of events on the international scene in which the Russian Federation was the main actor during the year of sanctions (2014) and immediately afterwards (2015). We conclude that in the observed period there was a mutual deterioration of the images among the citizens of the EU and RF, while the leading media sacrificed the principle of impartiality of reporting.

Ethnic heterogeneity as a potential target of active measures of Russia: Identification of vulnerabilities of Polish-Ukrainian relations

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-47
Author(s):  
Jakub Bornio
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Ethnic Heterogeneity ◽  
Research Focus ◽  
The West ◽  
National Minorities ◽  
The Russian Federation

This article raises the issue of how the Russian Federation could benefit from the instrumental use of ethnic heterogeneity to pursue its geopolitical interests. The paper focuses on the recent case of a Polish-Ukrainian historical memory dispute which affected relations between Warsaw and Kyiv. The research focus is on how vulnerable Poland and Ukraine are to Russian active measures which potentially target not only national minorities but also groups of people who are only temporarily present in these states, such as economic migrants and tourists. An analysis is conducted of Russia’s geopolitical objectives and its strategy toward Polish-Ukrainian relations in the broader context of the rivalry between Russia and the West. The analysis is conducted within the framework of the neorealist theory of international relations. The case study of specific events discloses how Russia could exacerbate tensions between nations and the role of ethnic heterogeneity in this regard. Against this backdrop, the author shows how Russia may challenge other states of the Euro-Atlantic community with similar active measures.

Assessing the size of agricultural holdings

2020 ◽  
pp. 105-116
Author(s):  
N. I. Shagaida
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Vertical Integration ◽  
Total Revenue ◽  
Large Share ◽  
State Support ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Agricultural Organizations ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
To Receive

The article clarifies the concept of “agricultural holding”, using an approach to assessing the size on the basis of the total revenue of all agricultural organizations within the agricultural holding. It has been revealed that only 100 of the total number of agricultural holdings that were identified can be attributed to large business entities. They comprise about 3% of agricultural organizations in the country, while their share in the proceeds is about 37%. A large share of agricultural holdings — large business subjects under the control of Russian entities operate in one, and under the control of foreign legal entities — in three or more regions of the Russian Federation. Vertical integration within the framework of large agricultural holdings with different schemes for including the stages of processing and sale of products produced in their agricultural organizations allows them to receive advantages. Strengthening the role of large business entities in agriculture puts on the agenda the issue of differentiating approaches to taxation and state support in agriculture, depending on the size of the companies’ agricultural businesses.

THE EFFECT OF THE RELIGIOUS FACTOR ON THE MILITARY MEN VALUE BASED ORIENTATION FORMING

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 137-142
Author(s):  
ALEXEY ROMAKHIN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Russian Army ◽  
Religious Factor ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
The Military

This article reveals the problem of the role of the religious factor in the formation of the value orientations of the military personnel of the Russian army from its inception to the present state. In the article, the author reveals the significance of the Church in the formation of the value orientations of military personnel. The problem of religious situation in foreign armies is considered. The article presents data from sociological studies confirming the increase in the number of religious servicemen in the modern Armed Forces. The concept of “religious factor” is revealed. The author suggests considering the influence of the religious factor on the formation of value orientations through the functions of religion. The article provides examples of the influence of religion on the formation of value orientations of military personnel from the time of the Baptism of Russia to the present. Examples of writers of Russian classical literature about the influence of religion on the morale of troops are given. Examples of religious participation in major battles and wars of the past years are shown. The significance of the religious factor in uniting the people and the army is shown. The work of officials of the Ministry of defense of the Russian Federation in strengthening values among military personnel in modern conditions is demonstrated. The role of the Minister of defense of the Russian Federation, General of the army S.K. Shoigu in strengthening the faith of the Russian army is outlined. Issues related to the construction of the Main Temple of the Armed Forces and its impact on the public masses were discussed. In this study, the author aims to show the significant role of religion in the formation of value orientations in Russian military personnel. The analysis shows an increasing role of religion in the minds of military personnel in modern conditions.

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