scholarly journals AKTIVITAS EKONOMI DAN PERDAGANGAN DI KARESIDENAN LAMPUNG PADA PERIODE 1856 HINGGA 1930

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 431
Author(s):  
Gregorius Andika Ariwibowo
Keyword(s):  
Economic History ◽  
Trade Flow ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Extensive Area ◽  
East Indies ◽  
Sumatra Island ◽  
Dutch East Indies ◽  
Colonial Government

Letaknya yang berada di ujung selatan Pulau Sumatera menjadikan wilayah Lampung sebagai titik penting dalam arus perdagangan Jawa-Sumatera. Pada masa kolonial wilayah merupakan salah satu daerah penghasil utama komoditas ekspor Hindia Belanda. Kajian ini ingin melihat bagaimana bentuk dan gambaran dari aktivitas ekonomi dan perdagangan di wilayah Lampung pada periode 1856 hingga 1930?. Di samping itu kajian ini juga ingin melihat pembangunan sarana fisik apa sajakah yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah kolonial untuk menunjang kegiatan ekonomi di Lampung?. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menambah khasanah kajian sejarah ekonomi di wilayah Lampung yang selam ini masih sedikit mendapatkan perhatian. Memiliki wilayah yang subur dan luas telah menjadikan Lampung sebagai salah satu pusat komoditas sumber daya alam di Hindia Belanda. Komoditas alam seperti lada, kopi, tembakau, dan karet menjadi penunjang bagi berkembangnya ekonomi dan perdagangan. Pemebenahan infrastruktur yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah kolonial memberikan pengaruh baik bagi pengembangan ekonomi di wilayah ini. The location on the southern tip of Sumatra Island makes the Lampung region as an important point in the Java-Sumatra trade flow. In the colonial period the region was one of the main producing areas of the Dutch East Indies export commodities. This study would like to see how the shape and picture of economic and trading activity in the area of Lampung in the period 1856 to 1930. In addition, this study also wants to see the type of physical development done by the colonial government to support economic activities in Lampung . This study aims to increase the repertoire of the study of economic history in the Lampung region which has received a little attention. Having a fertile and extensive area, has made Lampung as one of the centers of natural resource commodities in the Dutch East Indies. Natural commodities such as pepper, coffee, tobacco, and rubber are supporting the development of economy and trade. The improvement of infrastructure carried out by the colonial government had a good influence on economic development in this region. 

scholarly journals Giving for Girls: Reconsidering Colonial Civilizing Missions in the Dutch East Indies through Charitable Girls’ Education

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten Kamphuis
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Indigenous Population ◽  
Gain Control ◽  
Educational Policies ◽  
Civilizing Mission ◽  
Colonial State ◽  
East Indies ◽  
Dutch East Indies ◽  
Domestic Lives ◽  
Colonial Government

Abstract This article compares two Protestant schools for elite indigenous girls in the Dutch East Indies. While both schools were financially supported by the colonial government, they emerged from Christian organizations and were partly dependent on voluntary gifts from the Netherlands and the colony. The article proposes to look at such philanthropic initiatives as integral parts of a larger colonial civilizing mission which was not limited to the colonial state. On the contrary, discourses about the implementation of “civilized” gender roles within indigenous families through girls’ education first emerged among philanthropists, and eventually influenced state-driven educational policies for girls. It is argued that philanthropical initiatives for girls’ education such as the two schools presented here are best understood as attempts to gain control over, and ultimately reform, the domestic lives of the indigenous population in the Dutch East Indies

Hybridity and Transformation: The Political Orientation of the Chinese in the Dutch East Indies

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-157
Author(s):  
Dong-Yu Lin ◽  
Ping Lin
Keyword(s):  
Life Histories ◽  
Local Politics ◽  
General Assumption ◽  
Political Orientation ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
East Indies ◽  
Political Orientations ◽  
History Of ◽  
Dutch East Indies ◽  
Colonial Government

Abstract During the early twentieth century, strong nationalistic ideas sprang up in Indonesia. Some Chinese elites in professional positions under the Dutch colonial government tended to side with the Dutch with the pro-Dutch attitude; some working for Chinese newspapers or agencies developed the pro-China stance; some supported and cooperated with the indigenous people with the pro-independence tendency; and others had their inclinations transformed over the course of time. After examining the life history of a few prominent Chinese figures, this article shows that three levels of factors—international politics in East Asia, local politics in the Dutch East Indies, and their life histories under Dutch rule (together with travel experience to China)—were critical for each Chinese person in establishing or transforming their often hybrid political orientations. The Chinese preference was neither monolithic nor settled, so the general assumption that “Chinese people are loyal to China” in Indonesian politics of the colonial era should be revised.

scholarly journals Akses Pendidikan bagi Pribumi pada Periode Etis (1901-1930)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-147
Author(s):  
Muhammad Fakhriansyah ◽  
Intan Ranti Permatasari Patoni
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous People ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Access To Education ◽  
East Indies ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Ethical Policy ◽  
Dutch East Indies ◽  
The One ◽  
Colonial Government ◽  
Dutch Colonial

This article examines the dynamics of the indigenous people of the Dutch East Indies' access to education during the Dutch Etichal Policy period. Considering that, the Netherlands was the longest-running country exploiting the Indies, the country was obliged to bear the burden of reciprocation on their colony. The burden of reciprocity was realised through an Ethical Policy that has three programs. They are irrigation, transmigration, and education. Of the three, Education was the program that had major impacts on the Indonesian national movement. This research used historical method. The result of this research showed us that although education had succeeded in undermining the Dutch colonial domination, the education during the Dutch Etichal Policy period was not fully given as a whole by the colonial government. Instead, it was very limited. The Dutch colonial policies, especially the one concerning education were driven by their interest of economic benefits for themselves over the improvement of the indigenous people of the Dutch East Indies' welfare.   Artikel ini membahas mengenai dinamika akses pendidikan bagi pribumi saat berlangsungya Politik Etis. Seperti yang diketahui, Belanda sebagai negara yang terlama mengeksploitasi Hindia Belanda membuat negara tersebut menanggung beban balas budi terhadap koloninya. Beban balas budi tersebut terwujud melalui program Politik Etis yang memiliki tiga program, yakni irigasi, transmigrasi, dan edukasi. Dari ketiga itu, pendidikan merupakan salah satu program Politik Etis dan salah satu program yang memiliki dampak besar bagi pergerakan nasional. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode historis dengan analisis studi kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan meskipun pendidikan berhasil meruntuhkan dominasi kolonial, pendidikan saat periode Etis pun tidak serta merta langsung diberikan begitu saja oleh pemerintah kolonial meskipun tujuan Politik Etis adalah balas budi, pemberian pendidikan diberikan secara serba terbatas. Kebijakan-kebijakan pemerintah kolonial, khususnya di bidang pendidikan didorong oleh kepentingan keuntungan ekonomi bagi mereka sendiri alih-alih oleh motif untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan rakyat setempat.  

scholarly journals THE "CLASS" DISSENSION OF COLONIAL PERIOD IN SUNDANESE NOVELS: REVIEW OF IDENTITY POLITICS

LITERA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asep Yusup Hudayat
Keyword(s):  
Identity Politics ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Postcolonial Studies ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
East Indies ◽  
The Two Cultures ◽  
Important Means ◽  
Dutch East Indies ◽  
Class Rights

The culture of feudalism and democracy in the Dutch East Indies agreed to oppose one another. The intersection of the two cultures is the perspective of indigenous and colonial identity which ultimately demands a struggle to demand its "class" rights. The struggle for narratives of power was inevitable. The first Sundanese novel Baruang ka nu Ngarora “Poison for the Youth” (1914) by D.K. Ardiwinata and Gogoda ka nu Ngarora “Temptations for the Youth”(1951) as a novel response from M.A. Salmun has shown these oppositional phenomena. This study aims to trace the struggle for narration that has implications for identity politics in the Dutch East Indies colonial period. The method used in this study is descriptive analysis from the perspective of postcolonial studies. From a postcolonial perspective, literary works have become an important means for tracking colonialism practices where the narratives of dominant and defensive forces are nested. The results of the analysis show that the narrative of class disagreement in Gogoda ka nu Ngarora is used as a motive for empowering the spirit of democracy, in Baruang ka nu Ngarora, is used as a motive for the assertion of partiality towards feudal culture. Through the spirit of democracy, the struggle for identity politics was built by M.A. Salmun in Gogoda ka nu Ngarora to rejects feudal ideologies. Through a feudal spirit, identity politics was built D.K. Ardiwinata in Baruang ka nu Ngarora to establishing class identity.Keywords: identity politics, class, native, colonialPERTENTANGAN "KELAS" PADA MASA KOLONIAL DALAM NOVEL SUNDA: TINJAUAN POLITIK IDENTITASAbstrak Budaya feodalisme dan budaya demokratis pada masa kolonial Hindia Belanda seringkali menunjukkan pertentangan satu dengan lainnya. Persinggungan kedua budaya tersebut dipengaruhi sudut pandang tentang identitas pribumi dan kolonial yang akhirnya memicu perjuangan menuntut hak-hak "kelas"-nya. Perebutan narasi kekuasaan pun tidak dapat dihindarkan. Novel Sunda pertama Baruang ka nu Ngarora (1914) karangan D.K. Ardiwinata dan novel sambutannya Gogoda ka nu Ngarora (1951) karangan M.A. Salmun telah menunjukkan fenomena-fenomena pertentangannya tersebut. Studi ini bertujuan menjejak perebutan narasi yang berimplikasi kepada upaya politik identitas pada masa kolonial Hindia Belanda. Metode yang digunakan dalam studi ini adalah deskriptif analisis dalam perspektif studi postkolonial. Berdasarkan perspektif postkolonial, karya sastra menjadi sarana penting untuk menjejak praktik kolonialisme tempat bersarangnya narasi-narasi kekuasaan dominan dan perlawanannya. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa narasi pertentangan kelas dalam Gogoda ka nu Ngarora digunakan sebagai motif pemberdayaan semangat demokrasi, dalam Baruang ka nu Ngarora digunakan sebagai motif penegas keberpihakan terhadap budaya feodal. Melalui semangat demokrasi, upaya politik identitas dibangun M.A. Salmun dalam Gogoda ka nu Ngarora untuk menolak ideologi-ideologi feodal. Melalui semangat feodal, politik identitas dibangun D.K. Ardiwinata dalam Baruang ka nu Ngarora untuk mengukuhkan identitas kelas.Kata kunci: politik identitas, kelas, pribumi, kolonial

scholarly journals Islamic Policy of the Dutch East Indies Colonial Government in Madura in the First Quarter of the 20th Century

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. p1
Author(s):  
Iswahyudi Iswahyudi
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
East Indies ◽  
Political Policy ◽  
Political Sector ◽  
Dutch East Indies ◽  
Cultural Sector ◽  
Colonial Government ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Regional Languages

At first the Dutch East Indies government policy towards Islam was wrong, because Islam in the Dutch East Indies was considered a strict religion like the hierarchical priesthood and the pope in Christianity where there was a high relationship of loyalty to the Turkish caliph, so that Islam was considered a formidable enemy. Starting with the implementation of a massive policy by the Dutch East Indies government to suppress Muslims, for example, one of them was in terms of limiting and heavier the regulations for the implementation of the pilgrimage, but in reality, regardless of the obstacles, the frequency of going on hajj was still high. Awareness of the mistakes in political policy towards Islam, the figure of Cristian Snouck Hurgronje, one of the supporters of ethical currents in the Netherlands, appeared, submitting a letter to the minister of the colonies on June 2, 1889 to participate in solving problems in the Dutch East Indies. In this case Snouk Hurgronje was the main advisor and was assisted by advisers consisting of one for Arab affairs and two experts in regional languages ​​in the Dutch East Indies. Based on Snouck Hurgronje's advice, the Dutch colonial government distinguished between Islam in the meaning of worship and Islam as a social, social and political force. This policy towards Islam is divided into three categories, namely the socio-religious field, the socio-cultural sector, and the socio-political sector.

scholarly journals 'COME TO HOLLAND': PROMOSI PARIWISATA BELANDA BAGI HINDIA-BELANDA DAN INDONESIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Achmad - Sunjayadi
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
World War ◽  
Tourist Destination ◽  
East Indies ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Dutch East Indies ◽  
Second World

Relation between Indonesia and The Netherlands, particularly in the tourism sector has been established long time ago. The relation has been built since Indonesia still part of Dutch colony until now. Relation in the tourism sector had disconnected between the beginning of Second World War until the 1950s. This article tries to trace the relation and the contemporary situation of the tourism sector in Netherland. The discussion focuses on the Netherlands as a tourism destination for the Dutch East Indies’ verlofgangers (those who furlough) and for Indonesian tourists. The question is how Netherlands promote their country as tourist destination and the reason why they promote their country to Dutch East Indies and Indonesian tourists. The data sources for this article are from Dutch’s newspapers and magazines during the colonial period, archives of tourism agencies in the Netherlands as well as Dutch contemporary newspapers,.Keywords: The Netherlands, Indonesia, Dutch East Indies, tourism, promotionAbstrakHubungan antara Indonesia dengan Belanda dalam sektor kepariwisataan sudah terjalin lama. Hubungan tersebut terjalin sejak Indonesia masih Hindia-Belanda dan berada di bawah kepemimpinan Belanda hingga Indonesia merdeka. Hubungan di sektor kepariwisataan itu sempat terputus pada masa awal Perang Dunia II hingga tahun 1950-an. Artikel ini membahas jejak hubungan dan situasi kontemporer sektor kepariwisataan di kedua negara. Bahasan dititikberatkan pada Belanda sebagai negara tujuan wisata bagi penduduk Hindia Belanda yang ketika itu disebut verlofgangers (orang yang mengambil cuti) dan wisatawan Indonesia pada saat ini. Pertanyaan yang akan dijawab pada studi ini adalah bagaimana Belanda mempromosikan negerinya serta alasan di balik promosi itu. Sumber yang digunakan adalah arsip surat kabar dan majalah pada periode tersebut, arsip dari lembaga pariwisata di Belanda. serta surat kabar kontemporer terbitan Belanda.Kata kunci: Belanda, Indonesia, Hindia-Belanda, kepariwisataan, promosi

scholarly journals Strategi Dagang Dan Permasalahan Toko Jepang Di Hindia Belanda Sebelum Perang Dunia II

IZUMI ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Stedi Wardoyo
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
World War ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
East Indies ◽  
Netherlands Indies ◽  
World Economic ◽  
Trading Activities ◽  
Dutch East Indies ◽  
Small Shop

(Title: Strategy Of Commerce And Issues Of Japan Shop In The Netherlands Indies Before World War II) The early of 20th century was a turning point of Japanese economic activities in Dutch East Indies, along with increasing number of Japanese population, especially in Java. In that era, Japanese trading activities that dominated by Japanese goods pitchman like textiles, drugs, soap and the other daily necessary untill suburb of Java, changed into permanent economic activities in the form of a small shop that popular among Javanese society in that era as Toko Jepang or Japanese Store.            In the end of 1910 untill early 1940s, Japanese store’s activities were growing and increasing to become an icon in the economic relation between Japan and Dutch East Indies. During that period, there was increase and decrease in Japanese store’s activities, but at the world economic crisis in 1920s, Japanese Market was able to survive, even Japanese products from Japanese Store was better than Chinese and European products. Japanese store, that popular among indigenous was known for it’s good service, cheap price and good quality products.            This research is trying to find how Japanese store can build it’s connection and the factors that supporting and obstacling Japanese store’s growth in that era. In this research, besides the diaries of Japanese immigrants such as Jagatara Kanwa and Nanyou no Seikatsu Kiroku, Japanese newspaper of Touindo Nippou was used as main sources. Content analysis was applied as a method to determine the contents in those sources which were relevant to the topic of this research. It can be concluded that the success keys of Japanese store was marketing strategies that supported by a strong trade connection, beside another factors like the success of observing people’s needs and product marketing strategy. 

scholarly journals Meninjau Praktik Kebijakan Tanam Paksa di Hindia Belanda 1830-1870

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-134
Author(s):  
Alfa Tirza Aprilia ◽  
Hendi Irawan ◽  
Yusuf Budi
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Cultivation System ◽  
East Indies ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Dutch East Indies ◽  
The One ◽  
Colonial Government ◽  
Narrative Description

This research discusses the practice of forced cultivation in the Dutch East Indies in the period 1830 to 1870. The method used in this research is the historicalmethod and its presentation in the form of a narrative description. The results ofthis study explain that the practice of forced cultivation in the Dutch East Indieshad a very large influence on the Netherlands and the people of the NetherlandsIndies. The system of forced cultivation changed the role of the colonialgovernment and native rulers, changed the social conditions of rural communitiesby giving birth to the concept of communal land and the introduction of the moneyeconomy system in the countryside. The forced cultivation system also succeededin filling the empty treasury of the Netherlands, but on the one hand it causedsuffering for the people of the Dutch East Indies. The famine caused byexploitation of land and human resources is a consequence of the implementationof the forced cultivation policy. The other side of the implementation of the forcedcultivation policy was the entry and introduction of export commodity crops to thepeople of the Dutch East Indies. Keyword: forced cultivation, colonial government, people, farmersAbstrak

scholarly journals BUMIPUTRA AUTHOR’S RESISTANCE TOWARD POLITICAL HEGEMONY AND CANONIZATION OF BALAI PUSTAKA IN THE NOVEL HIKAYAT KADIROEN AND STUDENT HIDJO

LITERA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hary Sulistyo ◽  
Endang Sartika
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Novel ◽  
East Indies ◽  
Literary Politics ◽  
Dutch East Indies ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Colonial Government

The ideological and aesthetic contestation of Balai Pustaka, forcing writer‟s resistance particularly Bumiputra writers. The ideological contestation occurs because Balai Pustaka as the apparatus of the Colonial government suppress the resistance attitudes of the indigenous authors. The authors, who ideologically contradicted with the government, resisted the politics of literature through their works. This research is intended to reveal the canonization of Balai Pustaka which governs the aesthetic and ideological standards of literary works and the resistance of Bumiputra authors toward the hegemony of the Dutch East Indies. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative approach by seeing the text as the representation of hegemony and resistance as well as linking textual and contextual issues to describe literary politics and the reflection of general politics. The objects of this research are the text and historical context represented in the novel Hikayat Kadiroen and Student Hidjo. The results show that Hikayat Kadiroen presents exemplary attitudes of fair leaders in solving peoples‟ problems and representing the identity of Indonesian literature. Whereas Student Hidjo portrayed concern for the Indigenous people by criticisizing the political hegemony on racial basic. The resistance of Bumiputra authors was shown by raising resistance theme toward colonialism in the Dutch East Indies, as a form of resistance toward political hegemony and canonization of Balai Pustaka.Keywords: hegemony and resistance, Dutch East Indies, cultural identity.RESISTENSI PENGARANG BUMIPUTERA TERHADAP HEGEMONI POLITIK DAN KANONISASI BALAI PUSTAKA DALAM NOVEL HIKAYAT KADIROEN DAN STUDENT HIDJOAbstrakKontestasi ideologis dan estetis Balai Pustaka, menghadirkan sikap-sikap perlawanan khususnya para penulis Bumiputra. Pertarungan ideologis terjadi karena Balai Pustaka sebagai apparatus pemerintah Kolonial, menekan sikap-sikap perlawanan pengarang Pribumi. Para pengarang yang secara ideologi berseberangan dengan pemerintah, melakukan resistensi atas politik kesusastraan melalui karya-karyanya. Tujuan penelitian ini mengungkapkan kanonisasi Balai Pustaka yang mengatur standar estetis dan idelogis karya sastra dan perlawanan kelompok Bumiputra terhadap hegemoni yang diterapkan di Hindia Belanda. Metode penelitian ini diawali dengan melihat teks sebagai representasi hegemoni dan resistensi dalam novel Hikayat Kadiroen dan Student Hidjo. Menghubungkan persoalan tekstual dan kontekstual untuk menjabarkan politik sastra dan cerminan politik general. Hasil penelitian menunjukan Hikayat Kadiroen menghadirkan sikap keteladanan pemimpin yang adil terhadap rakyat dalam menyeselaikan persoalan dan merepresentasikan identitas kultural kesusastraan Indonesia. Sedangkan Student Hidjo, menunjukkan sikap kepedulian terhadap Pribumi dengan kritik terhadap hegemoni politik atas dasar rasialis. Resistensi pengarang Bumiputra terhadap Balai Pustaka, ditunjukkan dengan mengangkat tema perlawanan terhadap kolonialisme di Hindia Belanda, sebagai bentuk resistensi terhadap hegemoni dan kanonisasi Balai Pustaka.Kata kunci: hegemoni dan resistensi, Hindia Belanda, identitas kultural.

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