Excel: Uma ferramenta estatística

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliel Alves Ferreira ◽  
João Vicente Zamperion
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Statistical Study ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Central Tendency ◽  
Simple Linear Regression ◽  
The Third ◽  
Statistical Knowledge ◽  
Normal Probability ◽  
Measures Of Dispersion ◽  
Normal Probability Distribution

This study aims to present the concepts and methods of statistical analysis using the Excel software, in a simple way aiming at a greater ease of understanding of students, both undergraduate and graduate, from different areas of knowledge. In Excel, mainly Data Analysis Tools will be used. For a better understanding, there are, in this book, many practical examples applying these tools and their interpretations, which are of paramount importance. In the first chapter, it deals with introductory concepts, such as introduction to Excel, the importance of statistics, concepts and definitions. Being that in this will be addressed the subjects of population and sample, types of data and their levels of measurement. Then it brings a detailed study of Descriptive Statistics, where it will be studied percentage, construction of graphs, frequency distribution, measures of central tendency and measures of dispersion. In the third chapter, notions of probability, binomial and normal probability distribution will be studied. In the last chapter, Inferential Statistics will be approached, starting with the confidence interval, going through the hypothesis tests (F, Z and t tests), ending with the statistical study of the correlation between variables and simple linear regression. It is worth mentioning that the statistical knowledge covered in this book can be useful for, in addition to students, professionals who want to improve their knowledge in statistics using Excel.

scholarly journals Analysis of Environmental References in the Texts of the Four Gospels Using Descriptive Statistics

Religions ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoe Gareiou ◽  
Efthimios Zervas
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Human Action ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The Third ◽  
Anthropogenic Environment ◽  
The New Testament ◽  
Descriptive Statistical Analysis

Christian ecotheology uses theology to examine the consequences of human action on ecology. It comes from the notion that the natural world is the creation and the good of God. The study of the Sacred Texts and the analysis of their references to the environment provides information on the relation of human beings to the environment and reveals the approach of each author. In this study, a detailed descriptive statistical analysis of the environmental references of the four Gospels of the New Testament was carried out. The different aspects of the environment (natural, anthropogenic, and spiritual) were explored and a quantitative analysis of the environmental references was performed for the texts of the four Gospels using descriptive statistics measures. The results show that the anthropogenic environment is the most commonly cited, with the spiritual environment coming next and the natural environment in the third position.

scholarly journals Examining Statistical Distributions and Statistical Behavior of Stem Tapers of Fagus Sylvatica in Municipal Forest of Naoussa

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-70
Author(s):  
Messaritakis Spyridon
Keyword(s):  
Normal Distribution ◽  
Fagus Sylvatica ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Statistical Distributions ◽  
Central Tendency ◽  
The Third ◽  
Statistical Behavior ◽  
Measures Of Dispersion ◽  
Second Category

The aim of the present research is the study of the statistical behavior of ninety-three tapers. Tapers are classified into three categories depending on whether they use measured diameters at relative or absolute heights in the tree trunk. In each taper, measures of central tendency, measures of dispersion and a measure of skewness were examined. Each taper was examined if it fits normal distribution or not. It emerged that in the first category all tapers approached the normal distribution. In the second category, eight of the ten tapers are satisfactorily reaching the normal distribution, while in the third category thirty-seven out of seventy-eight are satisfactorily reaching the normal distribution. Data used in the research were collected in the Municipal Forest of Naoussa from 300 trees of Fagus sylvatica using random sampling.

scholarly journals Statistical measures of the central tendency for H+ activity and pH

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 174-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Kuna-Broniowska ◽  
Halina Smal
Keyword(s):  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Arithmetic Mean ◽  
Central Tendency ◽  
Statistical Measures ◽  
Normal Probability ◽  
Explicit Opinion ◽  
Normal Probability Distribution ◽  
Theoretical Considerations

Abstract Despite the numerous papers on the statistical analyses of pH, there is no explicit opinion on the use of arithmetic mean as a measure of the central tendency for pH and H+ activity. The problem arises because the transformation of the arithmetic mean for one does not give the arithmetic mean for the other. The paper presents 1) the theoretical considerations on the distribution of pH and H+ activity and relation between them, properties of these distributions, the choice of distributions which should be consistent with the distribution of pH and the distribution of H+ activity and measures of central tendency for features of such distributions and 2) examples of calculations of measures of central tendency for pH and H+ activity based on the literature data on soil and lake water pH. These data analyses included distributions of pH and H+ activities, properties of distribution, descriptive statistics for pH and for the H+ activity and comparison of arithmetic mean with the geometric mean. From the results, it could be concluded that a uniform approach to the choice of measure for the central tendency of pH and H+ activity requires the determination of the type of measure (mean) for one of them and then consistent transformation of this measure. The choice of measure of the central tendency for the variable should be preceded by determination of its distribution. Normal probability distribution of pH and thus lognormal distribution of H+ activity indicate that the arithmetic mean, and its corresponding geometric mean should be used as proper measures of the central tendency for pH and for H+ activity. Besides, the position statistic that is a median can be used for each of those variables, irrespective of their probability distributions.

scholarly journals The Influence of Earphone Usage Behaviour on Ear Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
Scempham Jarvey ◽  
Hertmaan Gouyaso
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Random Sample ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Impaired Hearing ◽  
Simple Linear Regression ◽  
Sample Method ◽  
Extended Exposure

Is the use of earbuds linked to ear disorders? This research tries to find out. A proportional random sample method was used for the research. The main data and simple linear regression are used for descriptive statistics and statistical analysis of the findings. The habit of wearing earbuds has a negative impact on ear problems. Extended exposure to sound above 110 dB in loudness each day for more than 1 hour per day, along with extended earphone usage, may lead to impaired hearing. To minimize hearing loss, earphone use should be avoided if possible, and use should be limited to less than 1 hour a day, at lower volumes

PENGARUH KINERJA PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN DAERAH TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI, PENGANGGURAN DAN KEMISKINAN DI KOTA DEPOK

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 372
Author(s):  
Suryanta Suryanta
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Regression Coefficient ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Simple Linear Regression ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Income Gap ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive

This study aims to analyze whether the performance of regional financial management influences economic growth in Depok City, analyzes whether the performance of regional financial management influences unemployment in Depok City, and analyzes whether the performance of regional financial management affects poverty in Depok City with the 2006 study period- 2015 The analysis method used is quantitative descriptive analysis and simple linear regression statistical analysis. Based on the results of hypothesis testing it can be proven that the performance of regional financial management (independence ratio) has a positive and significant effect on economic growth, this can be seen from the value of sig. 0.046 <0.05 with a regression coefficient of 1.883. Then the performance of regional financial management has a negative and significant effect on unemployment, this can be seen from the value of sig. 0.030 <0.05 with a regression coefficient of -6.864. But the performance of regional financial management has no significant effect on poverty, this can be seen from the sig. 0.065> 0.05 with a regression coefficient of -0.512. This can be due to the still high income gap in the community, so that the increasing regional income has not been able to significantly reduce poverty in Depok.

De pensioenbescherming van flexibele werknemers in België

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Annelies Debels ◽  
Hans Peeters ◽  
Gert Verschraegen ◽  
Jos Berghman
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Pension System ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
The Third ◽  
Temporal Flexibility ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Coordinated Regulation ◽  
Pension Benefits

Old age protection of flexible workers in Belgium Old age protection of flexible workers in Belgium This article investigates to what extent the Belgian pension system is adapted to the proliferation of a-typical forms of employment. Are there any differences between the old age protection of flexible and non-flexible workers? What are the effects of flexible employment on participation in the three pension pillars and on the level of pension benefits? To answer these questions, the article pursues a double research strategy: an analysis of Belgian legislation and relevant collective labour agreements is complemented with a statistical analysis on the Panel Study of Belgian Households (PSBH). The analyses show that part-time employment results in a lower pension, while other forms of temporal flexibility such as temporary leave arrangements and temporary unemployment do not. In the second pillar we find that contractual and transitional flexible workers are discriminated. Finally, the results indicate that flexible workers do not compensate for lower pension protection through increased participation in the third pension pillar. Our findings suggest that a re-assessment of the system of ‘assimilated’ periods is required, as well as the development of a system of coordinated regulation for the three pension pillars.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF LABOUR RESOURCES IN ROMANIA, BEFORE COVID-19 PANDEMIC CRISIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ciprian Iftimoaei ◽  
Cristian-Ionuţ Baciu
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Economic Transition ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Simple Linear Regression

In the three decades since the collapse of communism in Romania (1989), human resources have gone through several distinct moments in the process of social and economic transition, from the state economy to the market economy: (1) the period 1990-2007 characterized by declining employment, rising unemployment, low wages, employee poverty, labour migration to developed countries; (2) the period 2007-2019 in which Romanian employees experienced the benefits of the European integration process, which meant economic macrostability, increased foreign investment, projects financed by European operational programs that led to increased living standards, increased employment, labour crisis; (3) the period beginning with the 2020 pandemic year and the economic and social crisis, the effects of which are already quantified by official statistics. This paper proposes a retrospective analysis of the evolution of labour resources in Romania, after joining the European Union. The methodology used combines descriptive statistical analysis (labour resources, activity rate, employment rate, unemployment rate, average net earnings), hierarchical cluster analysis to compare the employment situation in Romania in the year of accession to the European Union (2007) versus the year before the onset of the pandemic crisis (2019) and the simple linear regression analysis, having as an independent variable the „unemployment rate” and as a dependent variable „the number of employees”. Simple linear regression is used not only for teaching purposes, but in addition to testing the link between variables, we wanted to find out how much the number of employees decreases if the unemployment rate increases by one percentage point nationwide. The data used come from the TEMPO Online database of the National Institute of Statistics and were processed with the SPSS.

scholarly journals Application of descriptive statistics in analysis of experimental data

2008 ◽  
Vol 62 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 85-95
Author(s):  
Milorad Mirilovic ◽  
Ivana Pejin
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Arithmetic Mean ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Qualitative Investigation ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Variation Interval ◽  
Descriptive Statistical Analysis

Statistics today represent a group of scientific methods for the quantitative and qualitative investigation of variations in mass appearances. In fact, statistics present a group of methods that are used for the accumulation, analysis, presentation and interpretation of data necessary for reaching certain conclusions. Statistical analysis is divided into descriptive statistical analysis and inferential statistics. The values which represent the results of an experiment, and which are the subject of observation of a certain occurrence, are called parameters and they are divided into descriptive and numerical. All numerical parameters are divided into non-continuous and continuous. The graphic presentation of the distribution of frequencies can be by poligon or histogram. The most frequently applied descriptive statistical methods are: arithmetic mean, standard deviation, standard error of arithmetic mean, variation coefficient, and variation interval.

scholarly journals Usos múltiplos da água por usuários outorgados nas bacias hidrográficas dos Rios Aguapeí e Peixe

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 2172-2185
Author(s):  
Fernanda Buono da Silva ◽  
Timóteo Ramos Queiroz ◽  
Denilson Burkert ◽  
Rodrigo Lilla Manzione
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resources Management ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Multiple Uses ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Water Uses

The growing demand for water resources can generate conflicts between different users. To this end, water resources management instruments were implemented, in particular the granting of the right to use, which prioritize the multiple and rational use of water. The work was carried out with the objective of analyzing the profile and the distribution of water uses granted in relation to socioeconomic aspects in the municipalities that make up the Hydrographic Basins Committee of the Aguapeí and Peixe Rivers (CBH-AP). Grant data from 58 municipalities with which descriptive statistics were analysed and prepared for the discussion on the scenario of the multiple uses of water granted. Subsequently, the data were given to the multiple regression statistical analysis, in which the relationship between the number of grants per municipality and its socioeconomic parameters was analyzed. The results demonstrated the grants in the municipalities that comprise an area covered by the Hydrographic Basins Committee of the Aguapeí and Peixe rivers are mainly related to the use of groundwater in rural areas. In the three municipalities (Bastos, Dracena and Tupã) concentrate 26% of the analyzed grants. The increase in MHDI and population, at the same time, stimulates the growth in the number of grants. Thus, there is a need to implement public policies that collaborate directly or indirectly to increase the regularization of water use.

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