scholarly journals The Main Clinical Signs and Early Diagnosis of Canine Dirofilariosis in the Veterinary Practice of Farms in the Republic of Armenia

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
R. V. Slobodyanik ◽  
A. L. Kryazhev
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Visual Detection ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Immunochromatographic Test ◽  
Test Systems ◽  
One Step ◽  
Rapid Tests ◽  
The Republic

The purpose of the research is to determine the main clinical signs of dirofilariosis in dogs, taking into account the peculiarities of animal exploitation and to analyze the efficacy and convenience of using some diagnostic techniques. Materials and methods. The main clinical signs of dirofilariosis in dogs on the farms of Armenia have been studied. The presence of microfilariae was determined in native smears and using a modified Knott method. We also used the Asan Easy Test Heartworm and SNAP 4Dx Plus Test one-step cassette rapid tests for visual detection of Dirofilaria spp. antigen in blood serum. Results and discussion. 8.5% of dogs in the farms of the Republic of Armenia are infected with Dirofilaria sp. The most infected were dogs aged 5–8 years (75%). The main symptomatic signs of dirofilariosis in dogs were established in the specific conditions of the studied region and the specifics of the specific exploitation of animals. It has been established that the immunochromatographic test systems Asan Easy Test Heartworm and SNAP 4Dx Plus Test for visual detection of canine Dirofilaria spp. antigen in blood serum are the most effective for the diagnosis of dirofilariosis.

scholarly journals Advanced and futuristic approaches for breast cancer diagnosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayanti Mishra ◽  
Bhumika Kumar ◽  
Monika Targhotra ◽  
P. K. Sahoo
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Breast Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Delay In Treatment

Abstract Background Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer and one of the most common causes of death in women, impacting almost 2 million women each year. Tenacity or perseverance of breast cancer in women is very high these days with an extensive increasing rate of 3 to 5% every year. Along with hurdles faced during treatment of breast tumor, one of the crucial causes of delay in treatment is invasive and poor diagnostic techniques for breast cancer hence the early diagnosis of breast tumors will help us to improve its management and treatment in the initial stage. Main body Present review aims to explore diagnostic techniques for breast cancer that are currently being used, recent advancements that aids in prior detection and evaluation and are extensively focused on techniques that are going to be future of breast cancer detection with better efficiency and lesser pain to patients so that it helps to a physician to prevent delay in treatment of cancer. Here, we have discussed mammography and its advanced forms that are the need of current era, techniques involving radiation such as radionuclide methods, the potential of nanotechnology by using nanoparticle in breast cancer, and how the new inventions such as breath biopsy, and X-ray diffraction of hair can simply use as a prominent method in breast cancer early and easy detection tool. Conclusion It is observed significantly that advancement in detection techniques is helping in early diagnosis of breast cancer; however, we have to also focus on techniques that will improve the future of cancer diagnosis in like optical imaging and HER2 testing.

One-step colorimetric LAMP (cLAMP) assay for visual detection of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae in rice

2021 ◽  
pp. 105809
Author(s):  
Kittisak Buddhachat ◽  
Onchira Ritbumrung ◽  
Nattaporn Sripairoj ◽  
Phithak Inthima ◽  
Kumrop Ratanasut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Detection ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
One Step

scholarly journals Osteoarthritis in pet guinea pigs: an update on diagnosis, treatment and management

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 100-106
Author(s):  
Emma Keeble
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Advanced Disease ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Nutritional Supplements ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Early Age

This article reviews the current literature on osteoarthritis in pet and laboratory guinea pigs. The associated clinical signs, diagnosis and treatment of osteoarthritis in pet guinea pigs will be discussed, with options for analgesia detailed. This condition is thought to be common in pet guinea pigs, even from an early age in some genetic lines, although osteoarthritis often goes undiagnosed in this species until advanced disease is present, posing a major welfare concern. Increasing awareness of this condition in veterinary practitioners should aid early diagnosis in pets and help improve their quality of life. Prevention may be possible using oral protective nutritional supplements to slow down the progression of this disease at an early stage. Lifestyle changes are also discussed for the management of this condition in pet guinea pigs.

Evaluation Changes in Indicators of Oncological Service in Colorectal Cancer in East Kazakhstan Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 9-10 (219-220) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
Yerkezhan Zhadykova ◽  
◽  
Sauirbay Sakhanov ◽  
Dulat Turebayev ◽  
Dariyana Kulmirzayeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Keywords Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
East Kazakhstan ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Republic

About 3.15 million new cases of colorectal cancer (CRC) are predicted and it is expected that about 1.62 million human will die from this pathology, according to the forecasts of the International Agency for Research on Cancer in 2040. To this aim, an analysis studying studying the indicators of the oncological service for CRC also makes it possible to evaluate the ongoing anti-cancer measures in East Kazakhstan region. Aim. Evaluate some indicators of the oncological service at CRC in East Kazakhstan region in 2009 to 2018. Materials and methods. The research material was data from the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan – annual form No. 7 and 35 regarding CRC (ICD 10 – C18-21) for 2009-2018 in East Kazakhstan region – incidence, mortality, early diagnosis, neglect, morphological verification. A retrospective study using descriptive and analytical methods of biomedical statistics was used as the main method. Results and discussion. For 2009-2018, 3,661 new cases of CRC were registered in East Kazakhstan region for the first time. The incidence of CRC was 25.30/0000 and in dynamics tended to increase from 21.90/0000 (2009) to 25.70/0000 in 2018, the difference was statistically significant (t=1.99 and p=0.047). The mortality rate from CRC tended to decrease from 15.50/0000 to 14.70/0000 (p=0.591), and the average annual mortality rate from CRC was 15.60/0000. The indicators of early diagnosis (the proportion of patients with stage I-II) improved from 58.8% (2009) to 62.3% in 2018, and, accordingly, the indicators of the proportion of neglected patients significantly decreased with stage III (from 25.5% to 20.8%), while with stage IV (from 15.7% to 16.9%) there is a slight increase. The indicators of morphological verification in CRC improved from 90.5% to 98.6% during the studied years. Conclusion. An improvement in the indicators of morphological verification and early diagnosis of CRC was found. The obtained results are recommended to be used for monitoring anti-cancer measures in the region. Keywords: colorectal cancer, incidence, mortality, early diagnosis, neglect, morphological verification.

MYCOTOXINS IN BEANS OF PEANUTS GROWN IN TAJIKISTAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 74-77
Author(s):  
Sh. I. Razokov ◽  
◽  
D. M. Mirzoev ◽  
G. P. Kononenko ◽  
A. A. Burkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Cyclopiazonic Acid ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Test Systems ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Combined Contamination

The article presents the results of an extensive mycotoxicological examination of 11 samples of peanut beans grown in two regions of the Republic of Tajikistan. The determination of 16 mycotoxins was carried out by indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using commercial and certified research test systems. It has been established that for peanut beans in this area, a combined contamination by a group of sanitary-significant mycotoxins, including diacetoxyscirpenol, alternariol, ochratoxin A, PR-toxin and cyclopiazonic acid, is characteristic. The prospects of further research and the practical significance of the results are discussed.

Methods for Increasing Sensitivity of Immunochromatographic Test Systems with Colorimetric Detection (Review)

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-151
Author(s):  
V. G. Panferov ◽  
I. V. Safenkova ◽  
A. V. Zherdev ◽  
B. B. Dzantiev
Keyword(s):  
Colorimetric Detection ◽  
Immunochromatographic Test ◽  
Test Systems

scholarly journals Detectability of the peripheral and axial manifestations of psoriatic arthritis in patients with psoriasis in dermatological practice

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 48-54
Author(s):  
M. N. Chamurlieva ◽  
E. Yu. Loginova ◽  
T. V. Korotaeva
Keyword(s):  
Back Pain ◽  
Psoriatic Arthritis ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
The Body ◽  
Inflammatory Back Pain ◽  
Patient Complaints ◽  
Asas Criteria ◽  
Mechanical Back Pain

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a heterogeneous disease manifested by peripheral arthritis, dactylitis, spondylitis, and enthesitis. PsA is often undiagnosed by dermatovenerologists because of the difficulty in identifying a variety of clinical signs. The early diagnosis of PsA and the accurate assessment of all its symptoms are necessary for the timely choice of optimal therapy.Objective: to assess the detectability of clinical signs of PsA in patients with psoriasis in dermatological practice.Patients and methods. The investigation enrolled 103 patients (47 men and 56 women) (mean age, 44.0±13.7 years) with psoriasis (its mean duration, 10.7±10.2 years), the average prevalence and severity according to the Body Surface Area (BSA) and the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) were 9.3±13.6% and 15.4±12.5 scores, respectively. All the patients completed the Psoriasis Epidemiology Screening Tool (mPEST) and were examined by a dermatovenerologist and a rheumatologist. The diagnosis of PsA was based on the Classification Criteria for Psoriatic Arthritis (CASPAR). The investigators evaluated arthritis, dactylitis, enthesitis, and inflammatory back pain (IBP) according to the rheumatological standards: IBP by the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis International Society (ASAS) criteria, and enthesitis by the Leeds Enthesitis Index (LEI).Results and discussion. Sixty-one (59.2%) of the 103 patients with psoriasis were found to have PsA on the basis of the CASPAR criteria and the rheumatologist's examination. The dermatovenerologist diagnosed arthritis in a significantly smaller number of cases than did the rheumatologist: in 15 (24.6%) and 35 (57.4%) of the 61 patients (p<0.001), respectively. The dermatovenerologist and the rheumatologist demonstrated no significant differences in their clinical evaluation of dactylitis: it was detected in 37 (60.7%) and 40 (65.6%) of the 61 patients, respectively (p=0.32). Based on patient complaints and mPEST findings, the dermatovenerologist recorded pain in the calcaneal region in 32 (52.5%) patients. The rheumatologist identified ulnar, knee, and calcaneus enthesitis in 11 (18%), 8 (13.1%), and 25 (41%) patients, respectively. Based on complaints and mPEST findings, the dermatovenerologist detected back pain in 30 (49.2%) of the 61 patients. The rheumatologist diagnosed IBP in 21 (70%) of these 30 patients and mechanical back pain in 9 (30%). Thus, IBP was noted in 34.4% of PsA patients. Tendonitis was undiagnosed by the dermatovenerologist; the rheumatologist identified wrist tendonitis in 13 (21.3%) of the 61 patients with PsA.Conclusion. Dermatovenerologists frequently underestimate damage to the spine and entheses in patients with psoriasis. The introduction of the ASAS criteria for IBP and methods for assessing enthesitis in dermatological practice can improve the early diagnosis of axial lesion in PsA in patients with psoriasis.

scholarly journals REGIONAL FEATURES OF THE FORMATION OF THE NOSOLOGICAL PROFILE OF INFECTIOUS ANIMAL DISEASES IN THE REPUBLIC OF BURYATIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 73-81
Author(s):  
O. B. Badmaeva
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Natural Focus ◽  
Regional Features ◽  
Focal Infection ◽  
Natural Foci ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Domestic Carnivores

On the territory of the Republic of Buryatia, the epizootological profile is formed by 8 nosological forms of infectious pathology of farm animals. The dominant epizootic significance is rabies, leptospirosis, brucellosis. Rabies was registered in 8 (38.1 %) rural administrative districts of the republic and in the urban district of Ulan-Ude. In the total number of cases of rabies, the disease of farm animals occupies 48.3%, domestic carnivores-3.9, and in 47.6% of cases, epizootic foci began among wild animals. The main reservoir of the rabies virus is the wild fox: 46.2 % in the total number of cases and 97.1 % - in autochthonous epizootic foci. Leptospirosis in the conditions of Buryatia is an indigenous natural focal infection with a pronounced indicator of epizootic manifestation in the form of infection of animals without clinical signs. It is registered in 11 (52.4 %) rural administrative districts of the republic in 1.5 % of cattle and 0.6% of horses. The unfavorable situation with bovine brucellosis persisted from 2009 to 2018, 26 unfavorable points were registered. In the Jida district, 5 km from the state border with Mongolia, brucellosis was first registered in a dog. In this area, the corridor of migration of wild animals across the border passes, which confirms the assumption of the existence of natural foci of brucellosis in the transboundary territories of Russia and Mongolia and the introduction of the pathogen from the natural focus to the territory of the buffer zone farms.

scholarly journals Fasciolosis disease in cattle and sheep in Karakalpakstan in 2015-2020, prevalence, epizootology and treatment methods and results obtained

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
pp. 83-86
Author(s):  
Shаvkat Avezimbetov ◽  
Odilbek Dosumbetov
Keyword(s):  
Definitive Host ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Treatment Methods ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Cattle And Sheep

Fastioliosis in the Republic of Karakalpakstan in acute, chronic and mixed course, acute course of F. gigantica-induced fasciolosis in sheep, clinical signs of fasciolosis, adult fasciolia, definitive host-infected fasciola larvae,  possible factors, diagnosis, results of complete dissection of the liver in animals that died from the disease, drugs for the treatment of fasciolosis are described.

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